Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Chelating Ligands:
Werners Theory:
1
Secondary valencies have a fixed orientation around the metal in
space.
[Co(NH3)6]Cl3
Nomenclature of Complexes:
When both cation and anion are complex ions, the metal in
negative complex is named by adding suffix-ate.
2
In case of bridging ligands:
[Name of the groups to the left of bridging ligand (Oxidation state)]
[Name of the groups to the right of bridging ligand (Oxidation
state)] [Name of negative ion]
Ligands Name
Negative
CH3COO- Acetato
CN- Cyano
Br- Bromo
Cl- Chloro
F- Fluoro
OH- Hydrido
N3- Nitrido
C2O42- Oxalato
SO32- Sulfito
O2- Superoxo
O22- Peroxo
O2- Oxo
3
NH2- Imido
SO42- Sulphato
S2O32- Thiosulfato
HS- Mercapto
Positive
NO+ Nitrosonium
NH2NH3+ Hydrazinium
Neutral
H2O Aqua
NH3 Ammine
CO Carbonyl
CH3NH2 Methylamine
NO Nitrosyl
C5H5N Pyridine
4
Isomerism in coordination compounds
Structural Isomerism
Stereoisomerism:
Hybridization:
Find out the hybridization of central metal ion using following steps:
Geometry:
6
Coordination Hybridization Geometry
Number
4 sp3 Tetrahedral
Magnetic Properties:
Spin:
Colour:
Strong field ligand causes greater repulsion and thus results in the
formation of low spin complexes by pairing of electrons.
Order of strength of ligands: CO > CN- > NO2- > en > py = NH3 >
H2O > OH- > F- > Cl- > Br- >I-
7
Octahedral Complexes: eg orbital are of higher energy than
t2g orbital.
t = (4/9) o
8
Octahedral Complex
Tetrahedral Complexes
9
Question: 1 ) Among the following complexes (K-P) K3[Fe(CN)6] (K),
[Co(NH3)6]Cl3 (L), Na3[Co(Oxalate)3] (M), [Ni(H2O)6]Cl2 (N), K2[Pt(CN)6]
(O) and [Zn(H2O)6](NO3)2 (P). The diamagnetic complexes are (IIT JEE
-2012)
1) K, L, M, N
2) K, M, O, P
3) L, M, O ,P
4) L, M ,N ,O
Answer: C
Solution:
10
[Zn(H2O)6] Zn(II) d10 Low t2g6 eg4 0 Diamagnet
(NO3)2 Spin ic
Answer: D
Solution:
The compound contains 4 H2O ligand and 2 NH3 ligand. Both of these
are neutral so there names
would be used as such without adding any prefix of suffix. i.e. aqua and
ammine.
Answer: b
Solution
11
Metal Ion Ligand Complex Geometry
12