2016 Pediatric

Medication
Handbook
For consultations with our
surgeons and specialists, call
(757) 668-9999 or 800-207-2022
For urgent referrals and
transports to CHKD, call
(757) 668-8000 or 844-480-8000
Pharmacy: (757) 668-7163
Pediatric Clinical Pharmacist On-call:
(757) 456-6180
NICU Clinical Pharmacist On-call:
(757) 475-5724
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of
the information in this handbook at the time of
publication. However, the nature of drug information
is that it is constantly changing because of ongoing
research and clinical experience and is often subject
to interpretation. Thus, the reader is advised that
the authors, and Childrens Hospital of The Kings
Daughters, cannot be held responsible for new
information or for any errors or omissions in this
handbook or from any consequences arising from
them. Because of the brevity of this handbook,
readers are encouraged to consult other references
(eg, Lexi-Comp) for complete drug information.
Also, the reader is advised that decisions regarding
drug therapy must be based on the individual patients
clinical status, the judgment of the clinician, changing
information about a drug, and changing medical
practice. Information in this handbook is initial dose
recommendations and guidelines only.
2 INDEX
When referring a child, please have the following
information available:
Name, age, weight, date of birth
Vital signs including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory
rate, temperature, and oxygen saturations
Pertinent history and physical findings: general
appearance (e.g., degree of distress), capillary
refill, quality of pulses, breath sounds, and level of
consciousness
Lab and X-ray data, if available
IV access - site and type
Therapies administered
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHKD Emergency Medicine/Critical Care
Medications and Dosing Guide................................ 2
CHKD Pediatric Medications and Dosing Guide.... 9
CHKD Hematology-Oncology Medications and
Dosing Guide .......................................................... 26
Pharmacologic Management of Anxiety
and/or Violent/Aggressive Behavior of
Pediatric Patients.................................................... 36
CHKD Neonatal Medications and
Dosing Guide .......................................................... 38
CHKD Pediatric Pain Management
Reference Card........................................................ 52
Index ........................................................................ 60
1
 RESUSCITATION MEDICATIONS
Emergency Guide
Amiodarone 5 mg/kg IV/IO (Max dose 300 mg) bolus for VF / pulseless VT
INTUBATION or infuse over 20 - 60 min for a perfusing tachycardia
Estimated ETT SIZE = 4 + (pts age in yrs) Atropine 0.02 mg/kg IV; use 0.04 mg/kg IM/ET
4 IV, Max: 1 mg IV
Cuffed ETT tube = 3.5 + (pts age in yrs) (for age 2 or older) Bicarbonate 1 mEq/kg IV
4
ETT position at lip (in cm) estimated as 3 times ETT diameter (in mm). Calcium Ca Chloride 20 mg/kg = 0.2 mL/kg of 10% solution
For example, 3.5 mm ETT should be 11.5 cm at the lip. Max:1000 mg/dose
Ca Gluconate 60 - 100 mg/kg = 0.6 - 1 mL/kg of 10% solution
INITIAL VENTILATOR SETTINGS (volume mode; TV = tidal volume) via slow IV push
TV = 6 - 10 mL/kg Max: 2000 mg
PEEP = 5 cm H2O Dextrose 0.5 - 1 gm/kg IV (2 - 4 mL/kg D25%)
FiO2 = 0.4 Or 40% (Adjust to keep O2 sat > 90%
IMV = 15/min for child and 20 - 30/min for infants Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO (0.1 mL/kg 1:10,000)
Max: 1 mg/dose (10 mL 1:10,000)
PIP less than 35 cm H2O Max ET: 2.5 mg/dose
Inspiratory time = 0.5 - 0.6 sec infant; 0.7 - 0.8 sec child;
0.8 - 1 sec adolescent Lidocaine 1 mg/kg bolus IV/IO
HYPOVOLEMIC/SEPTIC SHOCK: Vasopressin 0.5 - 1 unit/kg bolus IV/IO in epinephrine-refractory cardiac
20 mL/kg as rapid bolus of an isotonic, non-glucose containing solution (i.e., arrest (not routinely recommended)
Adult (> 40 kg): 40 units
lactated ringers or normal saline). Repeat bolus PRN based on distal pulses,
blood pressure, and capillary refill. There is no maximum; the amount given is
determined by the needs of the patient. CARDIOVASCULAR INFUSIONS
Consider colloid (e.g., 5% albumin) after 40 - 60 mL/kg of crystalloid if shock Alprostadil 0.01 - 0.1 mcg/kg/min
persists. (Prostaglandin E1)
MINIMAL BLOOD PRESSURE VALUES Dopamine 2 - 20 mcg/kg/min
0 to 1 month Systolic pressure > 60 mmHg Dobutamine 2 - 20 mcg/kg/min
1 month to 1 year Systolic pressure > 70 mmHg
Greater than 1 year Systolic pressure > 70 mmHg + 2x (age in years) Epinephrine 0.02 - 1 mcg/kg/min
10 years Systolic pressure > 90 mmHg Esmolol Load: 300 - 500 mcg/kg over 15 min;
Infusion: 50 - 250 mcg/kg/min
Labetalol 0.4 - 1 mg/kg/hr; max = 3 mg/kg/hr

CHKD Emergency Medicine / Critical Care Milrinone May load with 25 - 50 mcg/kg over 30 - 60 min
(check with attending)
Medications and Dosing Guidelines Infusion: 0.25 - 1 mcg/kg/min
Emergency Medicine Clinical Pharmacists phone: 8-5456 Nicardipine 0.25 - 5 mcg/kg/min; Prefer CVL administration to reduce
PICU Clinical Pharmacist phone: 8-8034 volume administered
CARDIOVERSION/DEFIBRILLATION Norepinephrine 0.05 - 2 mcg/kg/min
(use lower energy dose initially and increase if needed) Nitroprusside 0.5 - 5 mcg/kg/min;
(Nipride) Adult ( 40 kg) initial infusion: 0.1 mcg/kg/min
Atrial Arrhythmias 0.5 - 1 joules/kg; synchronized
Nitroglycerin 0.25 - 3 mcg/kg/min;
Ventricular Tachycardia with Pulse 0.5 - 2 joules/kg; synchronized Adult ( 40 kg) initial infusion:10 mcg/min
(Note that dose is not weight-based in adults).
Ventricular Fibrillation or Pulseless 2 - 4 joules/kg Commonly used maximum dose of 200 mcg/min
Ventricular Tachycardia
Vasopressin SHOCK DOSING Initial:
0.018 - 0.12 units/kg/hr; titrate based on BP.
Adult ( 40 kg): 0.01 - 0.04 units/min
(Note that dose is not weight-based in adults)

2 INDEX 3
ACUTE ALLERGIC REACTIONS HEPARIN DOSING AND DOSE ADJUSTMENTS
Epinephrine (1:1000) 0.01 mg/kg/dose IM (Max: 0.5 mg/dose) Heparin
IV as a Continuous infusion
Diphenhydramine 1 mg/kg/dose IV (Max: 50 mg/dose) Loading dose:
(Benadryl) 75 units/kg IV bolus over 10 minutes
Methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg/dose IV (Max: 60 mg/dose) Maintenance dose heparin (100units/mL)
(Solumedrol) < 1yo: 28 units/kg/hr
> 1yo: 20 units/kg/hr
Adult: 18 units/kg/hr
ANTIARRHYTHMICS For obese patients (BMI> 30) use ideal body weight + 40% of (actual body weight-
Adenosine 0.1 mg/kg (Max first dose = 6 mg) rapid IVP; may double dose up to ideal
12 mg/dose and repeat in 1 - 2 min body weight).
***Contraindicated in heart failure patients
Dosing weight= IBW + 0.4 (ABW - IBW)
Amiodarone Load: 5 mg/kg IV over 25 min, may repeat x 2 Example: For a 140 kg patient with an ideal body weight of 70 kg.
Infusion: 3.5 - 15 mcg/kg/min (usual initial goal 5,000 mcg/kg/day) Dosing weight= 70 + 0.4 (140 - 70) Calculated dosing weight= 98 kg
Adult initial infusion: 1050 mg over 24 hours then 0.5 mg/minute
Heparin Dose Adjustments for Patients < 18 years of age
Dose adjustments and re- Bolus Hold (min) Rate change, Repeat PTT
INTUBATED PATIENT SEDATION/PAIN PROTOCOL peat assessments based on units/kg %
PTT for patients < 18 years
For sedation start with lorazepam or midazolam; for pain start with fentanyl or on heparin therapy: PTT
morphine
< 50 50 0 +10 4h
Dexmedetomidine Initial: 0.2 - 0.5 mcg/kg/hr
(Precedex) Max: 2 mcg/kg/hr 50 - 59 0 0 +10 4h
Fentanyl Initial: 1 - 2 mcg/kg/hr 60 - 85 0 0 0 Next day if in
Max: 10 mcg/kg/hr (if in the PICU setting) this range 2
consecutive
Lorazepam (Ativan) Initial: 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 6 hrs. If transitioning to times
lorazepam to wean off other benzodiazepines, larger doses
may be needed - discuss with pharmacists. 86 - 95 0 0 - 10 4h

Methadone Initial: 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 6 hrs. If transitioning to 96 - 120 0 30 - 10 4h

methadone to wean off other opioids, larger doses may be > 120 0 60 - 15 4h
needed - discuss with pharmacists.
Midazolam (Versed) Initial: 0.1 mg/kg/hr. May consider loading dose of
0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg. In Adults ( 50 kg) an initial infusion of Heparin Dose Adjustments for Patients 18 years of age
0.02 - 0.05 mg/kg/hr is recommended. Max: 0.5 mg/kg/hr
Dose adjustments and re- Bolus Hold (min) Rate change, Repeat PTT
Morphine Initial: 10 - 20 mcg/kg/hr peat assessments based on units/kg %
Max: 150 mcg/kg/hr PTT for patients 18 years
on heparin therapy: PTT
Ketamine Initial: 0.3 - 0.5 mg/kg/hr
Max: 2 mg/kg/hr < 50 80 0 +15 4h

Propofol 50 - 200 mcg/kg/min 50 - 59 0 0 +15 4h

Use in PICU limited to 48 hours by continuous infusion 60 - 85 0 0 0 Next day if in
this range 2
consecutive
times
86 - 95 0 0 - 10 4h
96 - 120 0 30 - 10 4h
> 120 0 60 - 20 4h

4 INDEX 5
 Etomidate Intubation: 0.5 mg/kg/dose (Max dose 20 mg) IV once
MISCELLANEOUS MEDICATIONS Fentanyl 1 - 2 mcg/kg/dose IV every 1 hr PRN
Albumin 4 mL/kg (1 gm/kg) of 25% solution; round to vial size if Ketamine 1 - 2 mg/kg/dose IV every 2 hrs PRN
possible. 2 - 4 mg/kg IM for procedural sedation
For fluid resuscitation, infuse 10 - 20 mL/kg of 5% albumin
Lorazepam 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 6 hrs
IV/IO rapid infusion.
(Ativan) Max: 6 mg/dose (PICU, ED), 2 mg/dose (Floor)
Acetylcysteine Mucolytic: 2 - 4 mL of 10% or 1 - 2 mL of 20% along with
Midazolam IV dosing:
(Mucomyst) albuterol, given with each episode of CPT for 24 hours
(Versed) 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV every 1 hr PRN
Dexamethasone Extubation or upper airway swelling: Max: 5 mg/dose
(Decadron) 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs Oral dosing:
Max:8 mg/dose 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose PO
Max: 20 mg/dose
Mannitol Herniation/emergent ICP management: 1 gm/kg/dose IV
Intranasal dosing:
(20% or 25%) over 20 - 30 minutes
0.2 - 0.3 mg/kg/dose INTRANASAL
ICP management: 0.25 - 0.5 gm/kg/dose every 6 hours for
Max: 10 mg/dose
serum osmolarity < 320
Pentobarbital 2 - 3 mg/kg/dose IV/IM (Max: 100 mg/dose)
Sodium chloride 3% Use in the ICU or ED setting only
(Hypertonic soln = 513 Bolus: Infuse 4 - 6 mL/kg over 15 - 30 mins
mEq Na/L) (delivers ~2 - 3 mEq/kg of Na) STATUS EPILEPTICUS
Continuous infusion: 0.1 - 1 mL/kg/hour
Start with lorazepam or midazolam 0.1 mg/kg (up to 4 mg/dose) IV, may repeat dose
THAM 3 - 4 mL/kg/dose IV (~1 mmol/kg/dose) every 5 - 10 mins as needed to stop seizures.
(Tromethamine)
If IV access is unable to be obtained, intramuscular or intranasal midazolam may
Vasopressin Diabetes Insipidus: administered (IM dosing: 0.1 - 0.3 mg/kg/dose [max: 6 mg]; Intranasal dosing:
Begin infusion at 0.001 units/kg/hr - double infusion rate 0.2 mg/kg/dose [max: 10 mg]).
every 5 - 10 min until UOP< 2 mL/kg/hr
If IV access is unable to be obtained, IM or intranasal midazolam may administered
(IM dosing: 0.1 - 0.3 mg/kg/dose [max: 6 mg]; Intranasal dosing: 0.2 mg/kg/dose
PARALYTICS [max: 10 mg]).
Rocuronium 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/dose IV; lasts 15 - 45 min; fastest Load with phenytoin (CVL only) or fosphenytoin 20 mg/kg IV over 30 min (Max of
onset of nondepolarizing agents 1 mg/kg/min up to 50 mg/min for phenytoin). Check level 2 hours after loading dose to
Initial infusion: 7 - 10 mcg/kg/min assure therapeutic concentration. (Usual therapeutic concentration: 10 - 20 mcg/mL)
Vecuronium 0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg/dose IV; lasts 20 - 40 min If still seizing after phenytoin load and concentration in upper end of range, consider
Initial infusion: 0.1 mg/kg/hr phenobarbital load 20 mg/kg IV over 10 - 15 min (Max 30 mg/min). (Usual therapeutic
concentration: 20 - 40 mcg/mL)
SEDATIVES Phenytoin and phenobarbital dosing guide to increase concentration - Blood concen-
tration will rise approx. 1 mcg/mL for every 1 mg/kg mini-load that is given.
Clonidine 1.5 - 5 mcg/kg/dose PO every 8 hrs in addition to opioid
and/or benzodiazepine Also consider loading with levetiracetam 20 - 30 mg/kg IV over 15 minutes and starting
10 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hours as the maintenance dose.
Dexmedetomidine ED sedation protocol: a loading dose of 2 mcg/ kg IV over
(Precedex) 10 minutes, then 2 mcg/kg/hour. Midazolam infusion may also be used for refractory status epilepticus - load with
May repeat load up to 2 more times if needed. 0.1 mg/kg IV then begin infusion of 0.1 mg/kg/hr; increase by 0.05 mg/kg/hr every
15 min until seizures are controlled.
Diazepam Oral dosing:
(Valium) 0.12 - 0.8 mg/kg/day PO divided every 6 hrs
(Long half- life with chronic dosing; may dose BID or TID)
IV dosing:
0.04 - 0.3 mg/kg/dose IV every 2 to 6 hrs
Max: 1.8 mg/kg/day

6 INDEX 7
TOXICOLOGY/REVERSAL AGENTS CHKD Pediatric Medications and
Acetylcysteine Acetaminophen poisoning - use in conjunction with Dosing Guidelines
Rumack-Matthew nomogram Pediatric Medicine Clinical Pharmacists Phones: 8-5492 or 8-5256
NG dosing: 140 mg/kg loading dose followed by 70 mg/kg
every 4 hrs x 17 doses ANALGESICS
IV dosing (Acetadote): Loading dose = 150 mg/kg over 1
hour, maintenance dose = 50 mg/kg over See pain card page 52 for dosing recommendations
4 hours, then 100 mg/kg over 16 hours as a
continuous infusion
Activated Charcoal 1 - 2 gm/kg NG/PO (avoid repeat doses of charcoal with ANTICONVULSANTS
sorbitol) Carbamazepine Initial: 10 - 20 mg/kg/day PO divided every 6 - 12 hrs
Max dose: 50 gm (Tegretol) depending on dosage form; titrate to response
Albuterol Hyperkalemia: 5 mg nebulized Max dose: 1000 mg/day
Trough: 4 - 12 mcg/mL
Flumazenil Benzodiazepine reversal (contraindicated in patients with
history of seizures) Clobazam 2 years: 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose PO BID
0.01 mg/kg/dose IV; lasts less < 1 hr (Onfi) Max dose: 10 mg/day
Max: 0.2 mg/dose, may repeat every 1 min, up to 1 mg 2 years: Initial: 5 mg/day PO once daily
PRN Maintenance: 0.3 - 1 mg/kg/day PO in 2 divided doses
Max dose: 40 mg/day
Glucagon Hypoglycemia secondary to insulin excess
0.02 mg/kg IV/IM/Subq Diazepam Children 2 - 5 years: 0.5 mg/kg PR
Max: 1 mg; may repeat every 20 min (Diastat) Children 6 - 11 years: 0.3 mg/kg PR
Beta-blocker overdose Children 12 and adults: 0.2 mg/kg PR
Child: 0.025 - 0.05 mg/kg IV bolus followed by Round to nearest 2.5 mg increment, max dose: 20 mg
0.07 mg/kg/hr infusion Ethosuximide < 6 years: Initial: 7.5 mg/kg/dose PO every 12 hrs
Adolescent: 2 - 3 mg IV followed by 5 mg/hr infusion (Zarontin) Maintenance: 7.5 - 20 mg/kg/dose every 12 hrs
Insulin (Regular) + Hyperkalemia: 0.5 gm/kg glucose + 0.1 unit/kg insulin; Max: 250 mg/dose
Glucose infuse over 30 - 60 min 6 years: Initial: 250 mg PO every 12 hrs
Maintenance: 10 - 20 mg/kg/dose every 12 hrs
Naloxone Respiratory depression: Max: 750 mg/dose
(Narcan) 0.001 - 0.01 mg/kg/dose IV (1 - 10 mcg/kg/dose), may
repeat every 2 - 3 min PRN Lacosamide Initial: 0.5 mg/kg/dose PO BID (Max: 50 mg/dose)
Max: 0.4 mg/dose (Vimpat) Maintenance: May titrate weekly up to 5 mg/kg/dose PO BID
Titration of small (1 - 2 mcg/kg) doses limits risk of acute Max dose: 400 mg/day
pain/stress Levetiracetam Loading: 20 - 30 mg/kg/dose IV once
Rapid, full reversal of narcotic overdose: (Keppra) Initial: 10 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs (begin 12 hours
0.1 mg/kg/dose IV, may repeat every 2 - 3 min PRN post-load)
Max: 2 mg/dose Max initial dose: 1000 mg/day
Sodium Polystyrene Hyperkalemia: 1 gm/kg/dose PO; 1.5 - 2 gm/kg/dose Maintenance: 10 - 30 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs
Sulfonate (Kayexalate) PR mixed with 20% Sorbitol Max dose: 3000 mg/day
Lorazepam 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV (for seizures > 5 minutes)
(Ativan) Max dose: 4 mg/dose
Repeat as needed every 10 - 15 min
Midazolam 0.1 - 0.3 mg/kg IM for status epilepticus when no IV access
(Versed) Max dose: 6 mg/dose

8 INDEX 9
Oxcarbazepine Initial: 4 - 5 mg/kg/dose PO every 12 hrs (Max: 600 mg/dose) Ampicillin 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs
(Trileptal) Lower doses may be used when given in combination with other Meningitis: 100 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs
anticonvulsants Max: 2000 mg/dose
Maintenance: 20 - 29 kg: 450 mg PO BID Ampicillin/sulbactam Restricted to ID / Use for animal bites
30 - 39 kg: 600 mg PO BID (Unasyn) 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs (Max < 40 kg: 2000 mg/dose,
40 kg: 900 mg PO BID max 40 kg: 3000 mg/dose)
Phenobarbital Loading dose: 20 mg/kg/dose IV Azithromycin Standard dosing:
Maintenance: 2.5 - 5 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs, (Zithromax) 10 mg/kg IV/PO on Day 1, followed by 5 mg/kg IV/PO every
begin 12 hrs post-load 24 hrs on Days 2 - 5
Trough: 15 - 40 mcg/mL Adults: 500 mg on Day 1, then 250 mg on Days 2 - 5
Pertussis:
Phenytoin and Loading dose: 20 mg/kg/dose IV < 6 mos: 10 mg/kg IV/PO every 24 hrs x 5 days
Fosphenytoin PE Maintenance: 2.5 - 5 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs 6 mos: Use standard dosing
Fosphenytoin is not available orally Group A Strep, rheumatic fever:
Trough: 10 - 20 mcg/mL; Free phenytoin trough: 1 - 2 mcg/mL 12 mg/kg PO every 24 hrs x 5 days (Max dose: 500 mg)
Rufinamide Initial dose: 5 mg/kg/dose PO BID Cefazolin 25 - 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours
(Banzel) May titrate every other day up to 45 mg/kg/day PO BID (Ancef) Severe infections: 30 - 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours
Max dose: 3200 mg/day Max: 2000 mg/dose
Topiramate Initial: 1 - 3 mg/kg/day PO QHS (Max: 25 mg) Cefdinir > 6 mos: 14 mg/kg/day once daily or divided BID
(Topamax) Maintenance: 2.5 - 4.5 mg/kg/dose PO BID (Omnicef) Max: 600 mg/day
Max dose: 400 mg/day Cefotaxime 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
Valproic Acid (De- Initial: 10 - 15 mg/kg/day PO divided every 8 - 24 hrs (Claforan) Meningitis: 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs
pacon, Depakene, Maintenance: 30 - 60 mg/kg/day divided every 8 - 12 hrs Max: 2000 mg/dose
Depakote )
depending on dosage form Cefoxitin Standard dosing:
(IV dose = PO total daily dose divided every 6 hrs) (Mefoxin) 30 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
Trough: 50 - 100 mcg/mL Max: 1000 mg/dose
Serious infections/peritonitis:
40 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs
ANTIMICROBIALS Max: 2000 mg/dose
Acyclovir HSV (infants 3 months): Cefprozil 15 mg/kg/dose PO every 12 hours
(Zovirax) 20 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs (Cefzil) Max: 500 mg/dose
HSV encephalitis (non-neonates):
10 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs Ceftazidime Restricted to ID / Hem-Onc / CF
HSV gingivostomatitis: (Fortaz) 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs (Max: 2000 mg/dose)
20 mg/kg/dose PO four times daily x 5 - 7 days Ceftriaxone 50 mg/kg/dose IV/IM every 24 hrs
(Max: 200 - 400 mg/dose) (Rocephin) Meningitis: 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hrs
Non-CNS HSV infections: Max: 2000 mg/dose
5 - 10 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours IM ceftriaxone may be mixed with lidocaine in
Varicella Zoster: patients > 6 months of age
10 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
Cefuroxime IV dosing:
Amoxicillin Standard dose: (Ceftin) 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
8 - 16 mg/kg/dose PO TID (Max: 500 mg/dose) Max: 1500 mg/dose
High dose (AOM, Pneumonia): Oral dosing:
45 mg/kg/dose PO BID (Max: 2000 mg/dose) 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose PO every 12 hrs
Amoxicillin/ Standard dose: Max: 500 mg/dose
Clavulanic Acid 15 - 20 mg/kg/dose (amoxicillin component) PO BID Cephalexin Standard dosing:
(Augmentin) (Max: 875 mg/dose) (Keflex) 10 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 - 8 hrs
High dose: Severe infections:
45 mg/kg/dose (amoxicillin component) PO BID 20 - 25 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 - 8 hrs
(Max: 2000 mg/dose) Max: 4000 mg/day

10 INDEX 11
Ciprofloxacin Oral: 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose every 12 hrs (Max: 750 mg/dose) Oxacillin 25 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs
(Cipro) IV: 10 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 - 12 hrs (Max: 400 mg/dose) Serious infections: 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs
Max: 2000 mg/dose
Clindamycin 10 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 8 hrs
(Cleocin) Osteomyelitis or complicated pneumonia: 15 mg/kg/dose IV Penicillin G Group A streptococcal upper respiratory infection
every 8 hours Benzathine 27 kg: 600,000 units IM as a single dose
Adult dose: 600 mg IV/PO every 8 hrs (Bicillin) > 27 kg: 1.2 million units IM as a single dose
Doxycycline Use with caution in children < 8 years of age Penicillin G Potas- Standard dosing:
2 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs sium 100,000 - 300,000 units/kg/day IV divided every 6 hrs
Max: 100 mg/dose Meningitis / Severe Infection:
300,000 - 500,000 units/kg/day IV divided every 6 hrs
Fluconazole Standard dosing:
Max dose: 24 million units/day
(Diflucan) 6 - 12 mg/kg x1 dose, followed by 3 - 12 mg/kg/dose IV/PO
every 24 hrs Piperacillin/ Tazo- Dosing based on piperacillin component.
Thrush: bactam 100 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
6 mg/kg x1 PO, then 3 mg/kg PO once daily x 14 days (Zosyn) Max: 3000 mg/dose
Max dose: 400 mg/dose (standard); 600 mg/dose (invasive
Rifampin S. aureus synergy: 10 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs
disease)
(Rifadin) Max: 300 mg/dose
Gentamicin Neonates: see page 41
Trimethoprim/ Not for routine use in patients < 2 mos of age
Traditional dosing: 2.5 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
Sulfamethoxazole 3 - 6 mg TMP/kg/dose PO every 12 hrs
Extended interval dosing:
(TMP/SMX) Max dose: TMP 160 mg/ SMX 800 mg PO every 12 hrs
Term infants > 1 mo: 4 - 7.5 mg/kg/day IV every 24 hrs
(Bactrim, Septra,
Max: 500 mg/day (except cystic fibrosis patients)
Cotrimoxazole)
Synergy dosing: 1 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
MED Service to follow and order levels Tobramycin Same dosing as gentamicin
Linezolid < 12 years: 10 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 8 hrs Valacyclovir HSV treatment:
(Zyvox) (Max: 600 mg/dose) (Valtrex) 20 mg/kg/dose PO twice daily (Max: 1000 mg/dose)
12 years: 600 mg IV/PO every 12 hours Varicella zoster treatment:
20 mg/kg/dose PO 3 times daily for 5 days
Meropenem 20 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
(Max: 1000 mg/dose)
(Merrem) Max: 2000 mg/dose
Vancomycin 15 mg/kg/dose every 8 hrs
Metronidazole Standard dosing:
CNS infections/Osteomyelitis: 15 mg/kg/dose every 6 hrs
(Flagyl) 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose PO TID (Max: 750 mg/dose)
Max: 2000 mg/dose
10 mg/kg/dose IV q8h (Max: 500 mg/dose)
MED Service to follow and order levels
C. difficile diarrhea:
7.5 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 hrs (Max: 500 mg/dose)
Nystatin Infants: 1 - 2 mL to each side of mouth 4 times/day CYSTIC FIBROSIS
Children and Adults: 5 mL swish and spit or swallow 4 times/day Amikacin Initial: 30 mg/kg/dose IV every 24 hrs (no max dose)
Oseltamivir **ID consult required for patients < 6 months of age** MED Service to follow and order levels
(Tamiflu) PMA < 38 weeks: 1 mg/kg/dose PO BID for 5 days Aztreonam 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hours
PMA 38 - 40 weeks: 1.5 mg/kg/dose PO BID for 5 days Max: 3000 mg/dose
PMA > 40 weeks - 3 mos: 3 mg/kg/dose PO BID for 5 days
Ceftazidime 100 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours
(Max dose 12 mg)
(Fortaz) Max: 3000 mg/dose
3 - 5 mos: 20 mg PO BID for 5 days
6 - 11 mos: 25 mg PO BID for 5 days Ciprofloxacin 20 mg/kg/dose PO BID (Max: 1000 mg/dose)
> 12 mos and < 15 kg: 30 mg PO BID for 5 days (Cipro) 15 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hours (Max: 600 mg/dose)
15 - 23 kg: 45 mg PO BID for 5 days
23 - 40 kg: 60 mg PO BID for 5 days Clindamycin 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours
> 40 kg: 75 mg PO BID for 5 days Max: 900 mg/dose
Gentamicin Initial: 10 mg/kg/dose IV every 24 hours (no max dose)
MED Service to follow and order levels
12 INDEX 13
Levofloxacin > 5 years: 10 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 24 hours Terbutaline 10 mcg/kg slow IV bolus (10 min); then 0.2 mcg/kg/min; may
(Levaquin) Max: 750 mg dose titrate by 0.1 mcg/kg/min every 30 min to 2 mcg/kg/min

Meropenem 40 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours Theophylline Load with 5 mg/kg IV over 30 min; then begin continuous infu-
(Merrem) Max: 2000 mg/dose sion (< 1 yr = 0.6 mg/kg/hr; 1 - 9 yr = 1 - 1.2 mg/kg/hr; 9 - 12
yr = 0.9 mg/kg/hr; > 12 yr = 0.7 mg/kg/hr); Theophylline level 4
Tobramycin Same dosing as gentamicin hrs after infusion started (goal 10 - 18 mcg/mL); 1 mg/kg bolus
increases level ~2 mcg/mL

Inhaled Corticosteroid Dosing Conversion Chart

PID/CERVICITIS Inhaled Corticosteroid Low Dose Medium Dose High Dose
PID - Inpatients Cefoxitin 2 grams IV every 6 hrs + Doxycycline 100 mg IV/PO Beclomethasone HFA (QVAR) 80 - 240 mcg > 240 - 480 mcg > 480 mcg
every 12 hrs for 14 days Budesonide DPI (Pulmicort Flexhaler) 200 - 600 mcg > 600 - 1200 mcg > 1200 mcg
Budesonide nebulization (Pulmicort) 0.5 mg 1 mg 2 mg
PID - Outpatients Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once + Doxycycline 100 mg PO Fluticasone HFA (Flovent) 88 - 264 mcg > 264 - 440 mcg > 440 mcg
every12 hrs for 14 days Metronidazole 500 mg PO every 12 Mometasone (Asmanex) 200 mcg 400 mcg > 400 mcg
hrs for 14 days
Cervicitis Azithromycin 1000 mg PO once + Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once CARDIOVASCULAR/ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
AmLodipine Initial: 0.05 mg/kg/dose PO once daily
(Norvasc) Adults: 2.5 - 5 mg/dose PO once or twice daily
ASTHMA/RESPIRATORY Captopril Neonates: 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 - 12 hours
Albuterol Continuous aerosolized: 5, 10, 15 or 20 mg/hour; titrate as Infants & Children: Initial Dose: 0.1 mg/kg - monitor for
needed hypotension; then 0.2 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 - 12 hrs
Intermittent nebulization: 20 kg: 2.5 mg, > 20 kg: 5 mg Adults: 6.25 - 25 mg/dose PO BID-TID; Max: 6 mg/kg/day
Dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg/dose IV/PO for two doses given 24 - 36 hrs apart Carvedilol (Coreg) Initial: 0.05 mg/kg/day PO divided every 12 hrs
(Decadron) Max: 16 mg/dose Clonidine 5 - 25 mcg/kg/day PO divided every 8 hrs for hypertension
Ipratropium 0.5 mg nebulized every 6 - 8hrs x 24hrs (0.5 mg nebulized Digoxin Total digitalizing dose varies based on patients age. Please
(Atrovent) every 20 min x 3 doses in ED) refer to Lexicomp for dosing information.
Magnesium Sulfate 25 - 75 mg/kg/dose IV over 20 minutes Maintenance: 5 - 10 mcg/kg/day PO/IV divided BID
Max: 2000 mg/dose Enalapril Initial: 0.1 mg/kg/day PO divided every 12 - 24 hrs;
Methylprednisolone Load with 2 mg/kg IV, then give 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/dose IV every (Vasotec) Max 0.5 mg/kg/day up to 40 mg/day
(Solumedrol) 6 hrs Adult: 10 - 40 mg/day PO daily or divided BID
Max: 60 mg/dose Enalaprilat Initial: 5 - 10 mcg/kg/dose IV every 6 - 24 hrs
Oxymetazoline Children 6 years: Instill 2 - 3 sprays into each nostril twice Adult dose: 0.625 - 1.25 mg IV every 6 hrs
(Afrin) daily for 3 days Enoxaparin Initial therapeutic dosing:
Phenylephrine 2 - 6 years: 0.125% solution: Instill 1 drop in each nostril every (Lovenox) < 2 months: 1.5 mg/kg/dose subq every 12 hrs
(Afrin Childrens, 2 - 4 hours as needed for 3 days > 2 months: 1 mg/kg/dose subq every 12 hrs
Little Noses) Initial prophylactic dosing:
Little Noses Decongestant: Instill 2 - 3 drops in each nostril < 2 months: 0.75 mg/kg/dose subq every 12 hrs
every 4 hours as needed for 3 days > 2 months: 0.5 mg/kg/dose subq every 12 hrs
6 - 12 years: 0.25% solution: Instill 2 - 3 sprays in each nostril **See enoxaparin order set for monitoring and dose adjustment.**
every 4 hours as needed for 3 days Hydralazine 0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg/dose every 1 - 2 hrs IV
> 12 years: 0.25% to 0.5% solution: Instill 2 - 3 sprays or 2 - 3 PRN hypertensive urgency
drops in each nostril every 4 hours as needed for 3 days (Renal consult required in non-ICU patients)
Max: 20 mg/dose IV
Prednisone/ 1 - 2 mg/kg/day PO divided every 12 - 24 hrs
Prednisolone Max for asthma: 60 mg/day Labetalol 0.2 mg/kg/dose IV every 1 - 2 hrs PRN hypertensive urgency
Max: 20 mg/dose IV
Racemic 0.5 mL (of 2.25% in 2.5 mL saline nebulized every 20 minutes
Epinephrine PRN (3 mL 1:1000 epinephrine ~ 0.25 mL of racemic epi)

14 INDEX 15
Propranolol PO: 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/day divided every 6 - 12 hrs Lasix/Diuril Infusion Lasix 1 mg/mL and Diuril 5 mg/mL; begin continuous infu-
Max: 8 mg/kg/day sion at 0.1 mg/kg/hr of Lasix component and titrate to effect;
IV: 0.01 - 0.1 mg/kg/dose every 6 - 12 hrs max 0.4 mg/kg/hr of Lasix
Max: Infants - 1 mg/dose
Children - 3 mg/dose Metolazone 0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg/dose PO every 12 hrs
(Zaroxolyn) Adults (> 40 kg): 5 - 10 mg PO every 24 hrs
Sildenafil Initial dosing:
(Revatio) < 20 kg: 0.25 mg/kg/dose PO every 8 hrs Spironolactone 1 - 3 mg/kg/day PO divided every 12 hrs
Maximum: 10 mg/dose (Aldactone) Max: 100 mg/day
> 20 kg: 10 mg PO every 8 hrs
Maximum: 20 mg/dose
**IV form available. Contact Pulmonary Hypertension Team
ELECTROLYTE REPLACEMENTS - IV
before ordering** Calcium Chloride 10 - 20 mg/kg/dose IV over 30 - 60 min
Max: 2000 mg/dose given via central IV
(1 gram calcium chloride = 13.6 mEq calcium)
DIURETICS
Calcium 60 - 100 mg/kg/dose IV over 30 - 60 min
Acetazolamide 5 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 6 - 12 hrs for 24 hrs Gluconate Max: 4000 mg/dose - may be given via peripheral IV
(Diamox) (1 gram calcium gluconate = 4.65 mEq calcium)
Bumetanide 0.01 - 0.05 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 6 - 24 hrs Magnesium Sulfate 25 - 50 mg/kg/dose IV over 2 hours
(Bumex) (0.025 mg/kg equivalent to 1 mg/kg Lasix) Max: 2000 mg/dose
Continuous infusion: 0.05 mg/kg/hr titrated to effect (1 gram magnesium sulfate = 8.12 mEq magnesium)
Chlorothiazide 5 - 20 mg/kg/day IV in divided doses once or twice daily Potassium Chloride / Restricted to PICU, NICU, ED
(Diuril) Max dose: 500 mg Potassium Acetate 0.5 - 1 mEq/kg/dose IV (infused at a rate of 0.5 mEq/kg/hr)
Furosemide 1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 6 - 24 hrs Max: 20 mEq/dose
(Lasix) (PO bioavailability ~60% of IV) Potassium usually given as chloride salt but can use acetate
Initial Adult dose: 20 mg salt depending on goal.
Continuous infusion: 0.05 - 0.4 mg/kg/hr titrated to effect (75 mg KCl = 1 mEq K+)
Hydrochlorothiazide Edema: Potassium 0.2 - 0.5 mmol/kg/dose IV over 4 - 8 hours
< 6 months: 1 - 3 mg/kg/day in 1 - 2 divided doses Phosphate Max: 15 mmol/dose
Max dose: 37.5 mg daily (1 mmol KPhos = 1.47 mEq K+)
6 mos - 2 years: 1 - 2 mg/kg/day in 1 - 2 divided doses Sodium 0.1 - 0.5 mmol/kg/dose IV over 4 - 8 hours
Max dose: 37.5 mg daily Phosphate Max: 15 mmol/dose
2 - 12 years: 1 - 2 mg/kg/day in 1 - 2 divided doses (1 mmol NaPhos = 1.33 mEq Na+)
Max dose: 100 mg/day
> 12 years: 1 - 2 mg/kg/day in 1 - 2 divided doses
Max dose: 200 mg/day
Adult: 25 - 100 mg/day in 1 - 2 divided doses
Hypertension:
Children: 1 mg/kg/day initially, increase up to
3 mg/kg/day, with a maximum of 50 mg/day
Adults: Initial: 12.5 - 25 mg PO daily;
maximum 100 mg daily
Hydrochlorothiazide/ Infants: 1 - 3 mg/kd/day in 1 - 2 divided doses
Spironolactone Children/Adolescents:
(Aldactazide) Initial: 1 mg/kg/day in 1 - 2 divided doses
May titrate up to max dose 3 mg/kg/day (or 100 mg)
Adults: 25 - 100 mg/day in 1 - 2 divided doses
(Contains equal mg proportions of each component; doses
represent mg of each component)

16 INDEX 17
 ORAL ELECTROLYTE REPLACEMENT CHART - ORAL
This serves only as a reference for initiating therapy.
Close monitoring and ongoing adjustment is warranted based upon patients clinical status, and changes in nutrition and/or medication therapy.
Electrolyte Starting PO Dose mEq = mg Bioavailability Commonly Used Oral Product(s)
Range (mEq/kg/day) equivalence
Sodium (Na) 1-2 1 mEq = 58 mg (NaCl) ~100% NaCl tabs: 1 gram (~17 meq Na)
(NaCl injection for oral use: *2.5 mEq/mL)
Potassium (K) 1-2 1 mEq = 75 mg (KCl) ~100% KCL solns: 20 mEq/15 mL & 40 mEq/15 mL
KCL ER tabs: 8, 10, 15, 20 mEq
KCL ER caps: 8 mEq,10 mEq
KCL powder (per packet): 20 mEq, 25 mEq
Calcium (Ca) 0.5 1 mEq = 20 mg (elemental 25 - 35% Calcium Carbonate Chewtabs: 400 mg, 420 mg,
Ca) (up to 60% 500 mg [10 mEq], 600 mg, 650 mg, 750 mg, 850 mg, 1000 mg,
in infants) 1250 mg, 1500 mg
100 mg Ca Carbonate = 40 Calcium Carbonate Softchew(Rolaids): 1177 mg [471 mg]
mg elemental Ca = 2 mEq Calcium Carbonate tab: 364 mg, 1250 mg [25 mEq], 1500 mg
Calcium Carbonate susp: 250 mg/mL [100 mg/mL; 5 mEq/mL]
Calcium glubionate syrup: 360 mg/mL [23 mg/mL; 1.15 mEq/mL]
Calcium gluconate tab: 500 mg [45 mg], 650 mg [58.5 mg], 975 mg [87.75 mg]
Magnesium (Mg) 0.25 - 0.5 1 mEq=12 mg (elemental Up to 30% Mg Oxide tabs: 400 mg [20 mEq], 500 mg
Mg) Mg Oxide caps: 140 mg, 600 mg
Mg Gluconate tabs: 500 mg [2.4 mEq]
Mg Gluconate soln: 200 mg/mL [0.96 mEq/mL]
Phosphate (PO4) 0.5 - 1.5 1 mmol = 31 mg (elemen- 1 - 20% Phos-Na K powder: 250 mg phos [8 mmol] & 7.1 mEq K/Na each per packet
mmol/kg/day tal PO4) KPhos Neutral or Phospha 250 Neutral tabs: 250 mg phos [8 mmol] & 13 mEq Na & 1.1
mEq K per tab
Fleet Phospho-soda: 128.5 mg phos [4.1 mmol] & 1.9 mEq Na per mL
Bicarbonate 1-3 1 mEq = 84 mg (NaHCO3) ~100% Na Bicarb tabs: 325 mg [3.8 mEq] & 650 mg [7.6 mEq]
(HCO3) (Na Bicarb injection for oral use: 1 mEq/mL)

ER = Extended release
[amount in unit] represents the amount of the elemental form of the ion
Underlined items represent the different strengths of Calcium Carbonate
available under the Brand name of Tums
Examples:
A) Magnesium Oxide Oral Replacement in a 25 -kg patient:
0.25 mEq/kg/day elemental Magnesium x 25 kg = 6.25 mEq elemental
magnesium/day
Account for only 30% oral absorption: 6.25 mEq/0.3 = 20.8 mEq elemental magnesium/day PO
Patient should receive Magnesium Oxide 400 mg tab (=20 mEq elemental magnesium) PO
daily
B) Potassium Chloride Oral Replacement in a 10 -kg patient:
2 mEq/kg/day Potassium x 10 kg = 20 mEq Potassium/day (100% bioavailable)
Patient should receive Potassium Chloride 10 mEq cap PO bid or 10 mEq/7.5 mL liquid PO
bid

18 INDEX 19
GASTROINTESTINAL Magnesium Hydroxide 2 to < 6 years: 5 - 15 mL/day in single or divided doses
(Milk of Magnesia) Max: 1,200 mg/day
Bisacodyl PO: 3 - 12 years: 5 - 10 mg at bedtime or before breakfast 6 to < 12 years: 15 - 30 mL/day in single or divided doses
(Dulcolax) > 12 years: 5 - 15 mg as a single dose Max: 2,400 mg/day
PR: < 2 years: 5 mg as a single dose 12 years: 30 - 60 mL/day) in single or divided doses
> 2 years: 10 mg as a single dose Max: 4,800 mg/day
Calcium Carbonate Children < 12 years: 2.5 - 5 mL PO 4 - 6 times/day between Metoclopramide 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 6 hrs
(Maalox) meals and at bedtime (Reglan) Max: 10 mg/dose
12 years: 10 - 20 mL PO 4 - 6 times/day between meals
and at bedtime Omeprazole Restricted to children < 10 kg at CHKD
(Prilosec) 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/dose PO, daily or every 12 hrs
Dicyclomine Infants > 6 months: 5 mg/dose PO TID - QID
(Bentyl) Children: 10 mg/dose PO TID - QID Ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 8 hrs PRN
Adults: 20 mg QID, max dose: 40 mg QID (Zofran) Max: 4 mg/dose
Docusate 5 mg/kg/day PO divided every 12 - 24 hrs Pantoprazole Same dosing as esomeprazole
(Colace) Max dose: 400 mg/day (Protonix) Only IV PPI at CHKD
Erythromycin For GI Motility: 3 - 5 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 - 8 hrs Polyethylene Glycol 1 gm/kg/day PO, may increase to twice a day
(E.E.S.) (MiraLax)
Esomeprazole < 10 kg: 0.5 - 2 mg/kg/day IV/PO, may increase dosing to Promethazine Contraindicated in children < 2 years 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg/
(Nexium) twice a day (Phenergan) dose IV/IM/PO every 6 hrs PRN
10 - 20 kg: 10 mg/day, may increase dosing to twice a day (Do not exceed 6.25 mg/dose IV if given peripherally)
up to 10 mg/dose Ranitidine 4 - 10 mg/kg/day PO divided every 8 - 12 hrs
> 20 kg: 1 - 2 mg/kg/day IV/PO (Zantac) Adult dose: 150 mg BID
Max: 80 mg/day divided BID Use famotidine as IV agent at CHKD
Continuous infusion: 0.1 mg/kg/hr
Rifaximin Small intestine bacterial overgrowth
Famotidine Pediatrics: 0.5 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hrs (Xifaxan) (> 3 years and adolescents): 200 mg three times daily
(Pepcid) Adult dose: 20 mg/dose every 12 hours Inflammatory bowel disease (> 8 years and adolescents):
Use Ranitidine as oral agent at CHKD 10 - 30 mg/kg/day divided three times daily
Gastrografin/Normal 15 mL/kg rectally, Max: 1000 mL Maximum daily dose: 1200 mg/day
Saline/Mineral oil Must order as follows: Senna < 2 years: 1.25 mL PO BID
(PoleyBomb) Gastrografin/NS/Mineral oil 1:1:1 # of mL 2 - 6 years: 2.5 mL PO BID
Hyoscyamine (Levsin) 2 years: See Lexicomp for dosing table 6 - 12 years: 5 mL PO BID
2 - 12 years: 0.0625 - 0.125 PO/SL every 4 hrs PRN > 12 years: 10 mL PO BID
Max dose: 0.75 mg/day Senna+Docusate 2 to < 6 yrs: 0.5 tablet PO daily at bedtime
> 12 years: 0.125 - 0.25 mg every 4 hrs PRN (Peri-Colace) Max dose: 1 tablet twice daily
Max dose: 1.5 mg/day 6 to < 12 yrs: 1 tablet daily at bedtime
Lactulose For constipation, 1 - 3 mL/kg/day divided every 8 - 12 hrs Max dose: 2 tablets twice daily
Max dose: 60 mL/day 12 yrs: 2 tablets daily at bedtime
Max dose: 4 tablets twice daily
Magic Mouthwash Infants > 6 mos: Benadryl/Maalox 1:1 (no lidocaine)
1 - 2 mL to each affected area of mouth every 6 hrs PRN Sodium Phosphate- Children 2 - 4 years: 33 mL PR once
Children: Benadryl/Maalox/Viscous Lidocaine 1:1:1 Sodium Children 5 - 11 years: 66 mL PR once
3 - 5 mL swish and spit or swallow every 6 hrs PRN Bisphosphonate Children 12 years: 133 mL PR once
(Fleet Enema)
Magnesium citrate < 6 years: 2 - 4 mL/kg PO q6h until stooling
6 - 12 years: 100 - 150 mL PO q6h until stooling Sucralfate (Carafate) 10 - 20 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 hrs (Max: 1000 mg/dose)
> 12 years: 150 - 300 mL PO q6h until stooling Ursodiol 30 mg/kg/day PO divided every 8 - 12 hrs
(Actigall) Adult dose: 300 mg PO BID

20 INDEX 21
INSULIN MIGRAINE MEDICATIONS
Insulin (Regular) 0.05 - 0.1 unit/kg SQ Caffeine 100 - 200 mg PO every 3 - 4 hrs PRN
Begin IV infusion at 0.1 unit/kg/hr
Dihydroergotamine Give antiemetic prior to administration
See insulin chart for comparison (D.H.E.) Initial dose: 0.5 mg in 100 mL NS IV over 1 hr
If 1st dose well tolerated, 2nd dose (8 hrs later):
Insulin Comparison Chart 0.75 mg in 250 mL NS IV over 1 hr
Formulation Onset Peak Duration When to Inject 3rd & subsequent doses: 1 mg in 250 mL NS IV over 1 hr
Rapid-acting Insulins every 8 hrs for 10 doses total
15 Rizatriptan < 40 kg: 5 mg PO once
3 - 6.5
Humalog - 30 30 min- Within 15 min AC (Maxalt MLT) 40 kg: 10 mg PO once
hrs
insulin lispro min 2.5 hrs or immediately PC May repeat in 2 hrs, max dose= 30 mg/day
10 Sumatriptan Caution use in children 6 years
NovoLog - 20 40 - 50 3 - 5 hrs 5 - 10 minutes AC (Imitrex) PO: 25 - 100 mg PO once, may repeat in 2 hours
insulin aspart min min Max dose = 200 mg/day
Apidra 45 - 48 3 - 5.3 Within 15 min AC SubQ: 3 - 6 mg subq once, may repeat 1 hr after 1st dose
25 min Max dose = 12 mg/day
insulin glulisine min hrs or 20 min PC
Short-acting Insulins Valproic Acid 20 mg/kg/dose IV once, may schedule q8h
30 Max: 1000 mg/dose
Humulin R - 60 1 - 5 hrs 6 - 10 hrs Within 30 min AC
regular human insulin min MISCELLANEOUS MEDICATIONS
Novolin R
30 min 2 - 4 hrs 4 - 8 hrs Within 30 min AC Aspirin Antiplatelet dosing: 5 - 10 mg/kg/dose PO/PR every 24 hours
regular human insulin (round to , , or whole tablet size)
Intermediate-acting Insulins Usual initial adult dose: 81 mg/dose PO every 24 hours
Humulin N 1-2 6 - 14 Belladonna & Opium < 1 year: not recommended
4 - 12 hrs Timing may vary
NPH human insulin hrs hrs Suppository 1 - 7 years: 1/2 of a suppository BID-QID
Novolin N Up to 24 Up to 24 8 years: 1 suppository BID-QID
90 min Timing may vary
NPH human insulin hrs hrs
Bromocriptine Autonomic dysfunction initial dosing: 0.025 mg/kg/dose PO
Long-acting Insulins every 12 hours
Lantus 1-2 10.8 to > Once daily (same Usual initial adult dose: 2.5 mg/dose PO every 12 hours
n/a
insulin glargine hrs 24 hrs time each day)
Glucagon Hypoglycemia:
Levemir 1-2 7.6 to > < 25 kg: 0.5 mg IM
n/a Once or twice daily
insulin detemir hrs 24 hrs 25 kg: 1 mg IM
Mixed Insulins
Glycopyrrolate IV dosing: 4 - 10 mcg/kg/dose IV q6h
Humalog 75/25 15 (Robinul) Oral dosing: 40 - 100 mcg/kg/dose PO q6h
1 - 6.5 Up to 24
75% insulin lispro protamine, - 30 Within 15 min AC
hrs hrs Haloperidol 0.05 - 0.15 mg/kg/day IV/IM/PO divided q6 - 8 hr (see algo-
25% insulin lispro min
(Haldol) rithm for acute behavior management, page 36 - 37)
Humalog 50/50 15
0.8 - 4.8 22 hrs or Hydroxyzine Standard dosing:
50% insulin lispro protamine, - 30 Within 15 min AC
hrs more (Vistaril) < 6 years: 12.5 mg PO four times daily
50% insulin lispro min
> 6 years: 12.5 - 25 mg PO four times daily
NovoLog 70/30 10
Up to 24 Pruritus associated with opioid use:
70% insulin aspart prota- - 20 1 - 4 hrs Within 15 min AC 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/dose PO/IM* every 4 - 6 hrs PRN
hrs
mine, 30% insulin aspart min Max: 50 mg/dose
Humulin 70/30 Within *Has been administered slow IV push*
1.5 - 16 Up to 24
70% NPH human insulin, 30 30 - 60 min AC
hrs hrs Iron supplementation 3 - 6 mg/kg/day PO elemental iron divided every 8 - 24 hrs
30% regular human insulin min
Note: ferrous sulfate contains ~20% elemental iron (multiply
Novolin 70/30 Within desired amount of elemental iron by 5 to obtain dose)
2 - 12 Up to 24
70% NPH human insulin, 30 30 - 60 min AC
hrs hrs
30% regular human insulin min

22 INDEX 23
Risperidone Initial dose (> 5 years, 15 - 20 kg): 0.25 mg PO once daily Methylprednisolone Standard dosing:
(Risperdal) > 20 kg: 0.5 mg PO once daily (Solumedrol) 2 mg/kg/day IV divided every 6 - 12 hrs
Usual max: 2 - 3 mg/day based on indication Max: 60 mg/dose
Delirium Spinal cord injury:
Initial dose (< 5 years): 0.1 - 0.2 mg PO once daily 30 mg/kg IV over 15 min followed by 5.4 mg/kg/hr
Initial dose (> 5 years, 15 - 20 kg): 0.25 mg PO once daily infusion x 23 hours
> 20 kg: 0.5 mg PO once daily
Usual max: 2 - 3 mg/day Prednisone/ 1 - 2 mg/kg/day PO divided every 12 - 24 hrs
Prednisolone Max: 60 mg/day
Steroid Conversion Chart
Glucocorticoid Approximate Route Anti-inflamma- Mineralocorticoid BLOOD PRODUCTS **Blood Bank phone number: (757) 668 - 7255**
Equivalent (mg) tory Potency Potency Cryoprecipitate Usual dose: 0.2 units/kg, maximum: 10 units
Short-acting Steroids 1 unit = 15 mL Calculated dose = (desired increase in
Cortisone 25 PO, IM 0.8 2 fibrinogen level (mg/dL) X patients plasma
Hydrocortisone 20 IM, IV 1 2
volume)/250 mg/unit for fibrinogen
Intermediate-acting Steroids FFP 10 mL/kg (do not infuse rapidly - may decrease
Methylprednisolone 4 PO, 5 0 1 PediFFP unit = 50 mL ionized calcium level)
IM, IV PRBCs 10 - 15 mL/kg (in infants & children 10 mL/kg
Prednisolone 5 PO 4 1 1 PediSplit unit = 80 mL raises Hgb by ~ 3 g% and Hct by ~ 9%)
Prednisone 5 PO 4 1 Platelets Patients less than 2 yo: 10 mL/kg body weight
Triamcinolone 4 IM 5 0 < 10 kg one-half pheresis unit Patients greater than 2 yo: 1 unit/ 10 kg body
Long-acting Steroids > 10 kg one pheresis unit weight
Dexamethasone 0.75 PO, 25 - 30 0 One pheresis unit = 6 - 10 (1 random donor unit/ 5 kg raises platelets by ~
IM, IV single donor units 50,000/mm3)
Betamethasone 0.6 - 0.75 PO, IM 25 0
Mineralocorticoids CONVERTING WEIGHT (POUNDS) TO BODY
Fludrocortisone -- PO 10 125
SURFACE AREA (M2)
STEROIDS [assumes normal proportion of length to weight]

Dexamethasone Croup: Weight (pounds) BSA (m2)

(Decadron) 0.6 mg/kg/dose IV/PO x1 dose
Extubation: 3 0.1
0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs (not to exceed 6 0.2
24 hours unless per attending) 12 0.3
Max: 8 mg/dose 18 0.4
Airway edema: 24 0.5
0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hours 30 0.6
Max: 8 mg/dose 36 0.7
Neurosurgical initial dose:
42 0.8
0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hours
Max: 8 mg/dose 48 0.9
60 1.0
Hydrocortisone Stress dosing: 1 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs 70 1.1
(Solu-Cortef) (May also use 2 - 4 times home dose )
Adult stress dose: 100 mg every 8 hrs 80 1.2
90 1.3
100 1.4

24 INDEX 25
CHKD Hematology-Oncology Medications and Levofloxacin 6 months - 5 years: 10 mg/kg/dose IV/PO q12h;
Dosing Guidelines (Levaquin) > 5 years: 10 mg/kg/dose (Max 750 mg) IV/PO every 24 hours
HemeOnc Clinical Pharmacist phone: 8-8058 Simon 2861 Linezolid 10 mg/kg/dose IV/PO q8h (pt 12yo: 600 mg IV/PO q12h)
(Zyvox)
ANTI-INFECTIVES
Meropenem 20 mg/kg/dose IV q8h (adult 1 gram IV q8h)
Acyclovir 250 mg/m2/dose IV q8h (Merrem) Severe infection: 2 g IV q8h
(HSV in immunocompromised host)
500 mg/m2/dose IV q8h Metronidazole 7.5 mg/kg/dose IV/PO q6h (adult dose: 500 mg/dose)
(VZV in immunocompromised host) (Flagyl)
250 mg/m2/dose IV q12h for prophylaxis post-BMT Micafungin 4 mg/kg IV Daily.
Liposomal 3 mg/kg/dose IV q24h (empiric therapy) (Mycamin) Max 100 mg/day (Candida) Max 150 mg/day (Aspergillus)
Amphotericin B 5 mg/kg/dose IV q24h (documented infection) Prophylaxis 1 mg/kg Max 50 mg/day
(Ambisome) round to nearest 50 mg vial size Oxacillin 50 mg/kg/dose IV q6h (adult dose: 2 grams/dose)
Azithromycin PO route preferred: Penicillin VK For pneumococcal prophylaxis < 2 months: 62.5 mg PO BID;
(Zithromax) 10 mg/kg/dose PO/IV x1 on day 1 then 2 months - 3 yo: 125 mg PO BID; > 3 yo: 250 mg PO BID; pt> 50
5 mg/kg/dose PO/IV daily on days 2 - 5 kg: 500 mg PO BID
(adult dose: 500 mg PO x 1 on day 1 then 250 mg
PO daily on days 2 - 5) Pentamidine Inhaled: pre-medicate with albuterol 2.5 mg inhaled
< 5 years: 8 mg/kg via HHN q 30 days
Trimethoprim/ PCP prophylaxis -->see page 29 > 5 years: 300 mg via HHN q 30 days
Sulfamethoxazole Infections -->Refer to page 10 IV: 4 mg/kg over 60 minutes q 30 days
(TMP/SMX)
(Bactrim/Septra) Piperacillin/ 100 mg/kg IV q8h (adult dose: 3 grams/dose)
(Cotrimoxazole) Tazobactam
(Zosyn)
Cefdinir 14 mg/kg/dose PO daily or 7 mg/kg/dose PO q12h
(Omnicef) (Max: 600 mg/day) Tobramycin 10 mg/kg/dose IV q24h. NO MAX. (Dose based on dosing body
weight if patient is obese)
Cefepime 50 mg/kg/dose IV q8h (adult dose: 2 gm/dose) MED Service to follow and order levels.
(Maxipime)
Vancomycin 15 mg/kg/dose IV q6h (Max 2000 mg/dose)
Cefixime 8 mg/kg/dose PO daily or 4 mg/kg/dose PO q12h MED Service to follow and order levels.
(Suprax) (Max: 400 mg/day)
Voriconazole 8 mg/kg/dose (adult dose 200 mg) IV/PO q12h. Avoid
Cefotaxime 50 mg/kg/dose IV q8h (adult dose: 2 gm/dose) (Vfend) IV formulation in patients with renal insufficiency
(Claforan)
Cefprozil 15 mg/kg/dose PO q12h (adult dose: 250 - 500 mg
(Cefzil) PO q12h)
Ceftriaxone 50 mg/kg/dose IV q24h (adult dose: 2 grams/dose)
(Rocephin)
Cefuroxime 50 mg/kg dose IV q8h (adult dose 1.5 gm/dose)
(Ceftin)
Ciprofloxacin Oral: 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose (Max 750 mg) BID
(Cipro) IV: 10 mg/kgdose (Max 400 mg/dose) Q8h
Clindamycin 10 mg/kg/dose IV q8h (adult dose: 600 mg/dose)
(Cleocin) Use same IV dose for PO - round to 150 mg cap size if possible
Fluconazole 6 mg/kg/dose (Max: 200 mg/dose) PO/IV qday for prophylaxis;
(Diflucan) 6 - 12 mg/kg/dose IV/PO qday for systemic candidiasis
Foscarnet (acyclovir- 40 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours. Consider NS bolus prior to
resistant HSV) each dose.
Gentamicin Same dosing as tobramycin

26 INDEX 27
FEVER AND NEUTROPENIA ALGORITHM BACTRIM DOSING CHART FOR PCP PROPHYLAXIS
Fever: 38.0- 38.2 x 2 in a 24 hour period OR 38.3 x 1 Bactrim prophylaxis to be given BID on Saturday and Sunday weekly
Neutropenia: ANC < 500/mm3 BSA (m2) Suspension SS tabs (400/80 DS tabs (400/80
(200/40 mg)/5 mL mg) tabs mg) tabs
Fever and neutropenia in an oncology patient is an oncologic emergency. Administration
of antibiotics within 1 hour of presentation with fever is our goal and has been associated < 0.4 2.5 mL
with a decrease in morbidity and mortality.
0.4 - 0.79 5 mL 0.5 tab
*Use alternate antibiotic if patient has cephalosporin allergy
0.8 - 1.39 10 mL 1 tab
1.4 - 1.89 15 mL 1.5 tabs
> 1.89 20 mL 2 tabs 1 tab
Acute Myelogenous
Leukemia (AML)

ANTI-EMETICS
Cefepime* and
Vancomycin

Aprepitant 125 mg PO 1 hr prior to chemo on day 1, 80 mg

(Emend) PO once prior to chemo on days 2 and 3 combined w/ scheduled
5HT- 3 antagonist (eg, ondansetron) &
dexamethasone (Decadron) in pts 11 yo & 40 kg
Diphenhydramine 1 mg/kg/dose PO/IV q6h prn (Max: 50 mg/dose)
gram-negative or gram-positive
Increase coverage for resistant

Initiate antifungal workup and

(Benadryl) not a preferred agent for use as antiemetic

After 96 hours of fevers:
organisms and anaerobes

begin antifungal therapy

Clinically Unstable:

Dronabinol 5 mg/m2/dose PO q4h or q6h prn

Persistent Fever;

(Marinol) (dose in 2.5 mg increments)

Granisetron 10 - 20 mcg/kg/dose IV BID (adult dose: 1 mg IV BID)
(Kytril)
Lorazepam 0.02 - 0.04 mg/kg/dose IV q6h prn for nausea/vomiting
(Ativan) (Max: 2 mg/dose)
Metoclopramide 1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO Q6h prn (Max: 50 mg/dose)
Fever and Neutropenia
in Oncology Patient

Ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg/dose IV q8h scheduled/prn

Persistent Fever; Stable:

coverage based solely on

Do not modify antibiotic

(Zofran) (Max: 8 mg/dose)

(If clinically indicated)

persistent fever
+/- Vancomycin

Palonosetron 20 mcg/kg/dose IV prior to chemo (Max 1.5 mg)

+/- Tobramycin
Cefepime*

(Aloxi) Do not co-administer with ondansetron or granisetron.

Prochlorperazine 0.1 - 0.15 mg/kg/dose slow IV q8h prn
(Compazine) (Max: 10 mg/dose; 40 mg/day)
Recovering ANC:
D/C without IV

Promethazine 0.25 - 1 mg/kg/dose IV/PR/PO q4h or q6h prn

antibiotics

(Phenergan) (Max: 25 mg/dose)

(avoid in children< 2 yo; max dose: 6.25 mg if given via
admission) after 48 hours if no

peripheral IV)
Discontinue tobramycin or

Blood cultures negative x

vancomycin (if initiated at

Criteria to Discharge:
microbiologic indication
Responding to Initial

Afebrile x 24 hours

Scopolamine > 12years: Apply 1 patch behind ear every 72 hours

Antibiotics:

Transdermal
48 hours

D/C home on IV Cefepime

No Evidence of Count
(ANC) Recovery:

28 INDEX 29
GI AGENTS ENOXAPARIN DOSING, MONITORING AND DOSE ADJUSTMENTS
Bisacodyl 3 - 12 yo: 5 mg PO BID; > 12yo: 10 mg PO BID Enoxaparin Therapeutic dosing:
(Dulcolax) (Lovenox) < 2 months old: 1.5 mg/kg/dose subq q12 hr
Docusate 2.5 mg/kg/dose PO BID (Max: 400 mg/day); to be administered > 2 months old: 1 mg/kg/dose subq q12 hr
(Colace) round to nearest 50 -mg cap size or use liquid subcutaneously
Prophylactic dosing:
Famotidine 0.5 mg/kg/dose IV q12h (adult: 20 mg/dose) < 2 months old: 0.75 mg/kg/dose subq q12 hr
(Pepcid) > 2 months old: 0.5 mg/kg/dose subq q12 hr
Lactulose For constipation, 1 - 3 mL/kg/day divided every Monitoring:
(Chronulac) 8 - 12 hrs. Max 60 mL/day.
Anti-Xa level Hold next dose? Dose change When to repeat
Magnesium Citrate < 6yo: 2 - 4 mL/kg; 6 - 12 yo: 100 - 150 mL Anti-Xa
> 12yo: 150 - 300 mL PO q6h until stooling
< 0.35 No Increase by 25% 4h after next morn-
Methylnaltrexone < 38 kg: 0.15 mg/kg ing dose
(Relistor) 38 - 62 kg: 8 mg
> 62 kg: 12 mg 0.35 - 0.49 No Increase by 10% 4h after next morn-
May administer every other day. Do not administer more than ing dose
once every 24 hours.
0.5 - 1 No No Next day, then once
Omeprazole Restricted to kids < 10 kg at CHKD: a week 4h after
(Prilosec) 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/dose PO daily or BID morning dose
Pantoprazole < 10 kg: 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/dose IV daily or BID; 1.01 - 1.5 No Decrease by 20% Before next morn-
(Protonix) 10 - 20 kg: 10 mg PO/IV daily or BID; ing dose; administer
> 20 - 30 kg: 20 mg PO/IV daily or BID; decreased dose if
30 kg: 40 mg PO/IV daily or BID level < 0.5 units/
mL and recheck
Polyethylene glycol 8.5 - 17 gm PO daily or BID 4 hours post
(Miralax) administration
Ranitidine 2 - 3 mg/kg/dose PO BID (adult: 150 mg/dose) 1.51 - 2 3hr Decrease by 30% Before next
(Zantac) morning dose and
Senna/Docusate < 6yo: 0.5 tab PO BID; 6 - 12 yo: 1 tab PO BID; recheck 4 hours
(Peri-Colace) > 12yo: 2 tabs PO BID post administration
Senna < 2yo: 1.25 mL PO BID; 2 - 6yo: 2.5 mL BID; >2 Until anti- Xa factor Decrease by 40% q12h until <
6 - 12yo: 5 mL PO BID; > 12yo: 10 mL BID 0.5units/mL
< 0.5units/mL Then administer de-
creased dose and
ELECTROLYTE SUPPLEMENTS recheck 4 hours
IV dosing supplementation: see page 17 post administration

Magnesium dosing: [IV daily requirement (mEq) x 3.3] / 20 mEq = # Magnesium PROPHYLACTIC dosing: Goal anti-Xa for low molecular weight heparin = 0.1 - 0.3.
Oxide tabs per day (in 2 - 3 divided doses) No dose adjustment nomogram is available.
Magnesium Oxide tablet: 20 mEq Mg/400 mg tab
Magnesium Gluconate solution: 0.96 mEq Mg/mL Modified from Albisetti and Andrew: Eur J. Pediatr: 2002; 161;71 - 77.
Reference: *Monagle, Chalmers, Chan et al. Antithrombotic therapy in neonates and
children. Chest 2008:133:887S- 968S
Phosphorous dosing: [IV daily requirement (mmol) x 5]/ 8 mmol=# of powder
packets per day (in 2 - 3 divided doses)
Phos-Na K powder: 250 mg Phos (8 mmol), 7.1 mEq K, 7.1 mEq Na per
packet
KPhos Neutral or Phospha 250 Neutral tablet: 250 mg Phos (8 mmol),
7.1 mEq K, 7.1 mEq Na per tablet

30 INDEX 31
PAIN MANAGEMENT MISCELLANEOUS
See pain card page 52 for more dosing recommendations Allopurinol 10 yo: 10 mg/kg/day or 200 - 300 mg/m2/day
See PCA power plan for PCA dosing recommendations (Zyloprim) PO in 2 - 3 divided doses
Equianalgesic Dosing Chart > 10 yo: 600 - 800 mg/day PO in 2 - 3 divided doses (Max:
800 mg/day)
Drug Oral Parenteral (mg) Aminocaproic acid 75 mg/kg/dose (50 - 100 mg/kg) by mouth every 6 hours
Morphine 30 10 (Amicar) for 5 days
Fentanyl 0.1 Caphosol 30 mL PO QID
Mix blue and white ampules together. Give 15 mL (1/2 dose)
Hydromorphone 7.5 1.5 swish x 1 minute then spit. Repeat with remaining 15 mL
Oxycodone 20 Cyproheptadine 0.25 mg/kg/day divided twice daily
Hydrocodone 30 (Periactin) Age dependent max doses:
6 years: 12 mg/day
7 - 14 years: 16 mg/day
Acetaminophen 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose PO q4h or q6h prn 15 years: 32 mg/day
(adult: 650 mg/dose; Max: 4 g/day)
Ferrous Sulfate 3 - 6 mg/kg elemental iron PO in 1 - 3 divided doses
Fentanyl 0.5 - 1 mcg/kg/dose IV q1h prn (325 mg tablet contains 65 mg elemental iron)
Hydromorphone 0.015 mg/kg/dose IV q4h prn Folic Acid 1 mg PO daily
(adult: 0.2 - 0.6 mg IV q4h prn)
Magic Mouthwash (Benadryl: Maalox: Viscous lidocaine 1:1:1)
0.03 - 0.08 mg/kg/dose PO q4h prn
3 - 5 mL swish/spit q6h prn
Ibuprofen 10 mg/kg/dose PO q6h scheduled/prn
Naloxone drip Pruritus from PCA: 0.25 - 2 mcg/kg/hr IV as continuous
(Motrin/Advil) (Max: 800 mg/dose; 3200 mg/day)
(Narcan) infusion
Avoid in patients with thrombocytopenia
Neulasta 10 - 20 kg: 1.5 mg/ 0.15 mL
Ketorolac 0.5 mg/kg/dose IV q6h scheduled/prn
21 - 30 kg: 2.5 mg/ 0.25 mL
(Toradol) (Max: 30 mg/dose); do not exceed 5 days
31 - 44 kg: 4 mg/0.4 mL
Morphine 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV q2h or q4h prn > 45 kg: 6 mg/0.6 mL
(adult: 2.5 - 10 mg/dose)
Rasburicase 0.15 mg/kg IV once (Max: 6 mg/dose) may
Morphine IR 0.2 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose PO q4h prn (Elitek) repeat after 18 - 24 hours if necessary
(Immediate Release) (adult: 10 - 30 mg PO q4h prn)
Morphine sulfate ER 24 -h PCA total morphine x 3 divided in 2 - 3 doses
(Extended Release) scheduled (dose in 15-mg increments)
MS Contin
Oxycodone/APAP 0.05 - 0.15 mg/kg/dose oxycodone PO q4h prn/scheduled
(Percocet) (Max: 10 mg/dose)

32 INDEX 33
 TUMOR LYSIS SYNDROME

Advanced Stage
Low Risk

HRD
Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia

Ensure patient has adequate line access.

Remove all potassium and phosphorus from IV fluids.
Lymphomas
Lymphoblastic

Initate IV fluids: D5W 0.45%NS to run at 1.5 - 2 times maintenance.

Allopurinol 10 mg/kg po divided BID
Draw labs: BMP, Phos, Uric Acid every 8 - 12 hours.

2 x ULN
LDH Observe patients carefully. If electrolytes, serum creatinine, uric acid or LDH

& phosphate WNL

& potassium WNL
studies worsen, then manage patient as a high risk patient. See algorithm.

Uric Acid WNL

Early Stage

Intermediate Risk

IR
< 2 x ULN
LDH

IRD
 nsure patient has adequate line access.
E

Normal Renal
Function
Remove all potassium and phosphorus from IV fluids.
Initiate IV fluids: D5W 0.45%NS to run at twice maintenance.
100 x 109/L

Consider Allopurinol 10 mg/kg po divided BID

or phosphate>ULN
or potassium>ULN
Intermediate Risk

Uric Acid>ULN
Draw labs: BMP, Phos, Uric Acid every 8 hours.
WBC

HRD

Observe patients carefully. If electrolytes, serum creatinine, uric acid or LDH

Disease

studies worsen, then manage patient as a high risk patient. See algorithm.
2 x ULN
ALL

LDH

High Risk
Renal dysunction
< 100 x 109/l

involvement
&/or renal
WBC

E nsure patient has adequate line access.

HR
Acute Leukemias

< 2 x ULN

Remove all potassium and phosporus from IV fluids.

LDH

IRD

Initiate IV fluids: D5W 0.45%NS to run at twice maintenance. Monitor Ins

and Outs.
Follow hyperkalemia pathway if K+ 6 mg/L.
> 100 x 109/l

Calcium levels will appear low because it binds to phosphorus. Only give
WBC

HRD

calcium if patient is symptomatic or is necessary due to cardiac instablity

because of hyperkalemia.
Consider rasburicase (0.15 mg/kg-Max dose: 6 mg) if uric acid level is >
8 mg/dL or if clinically indicated. Dose may need to be repeated in 18 - 24
< 100 x 109/l
25 x 109/l

hours if necessary.
AML

IRD
WBC

Draw labs: BMP, Phos, Uric Acid every 6 hours. Frequency of lab draws
may be decreased once team decides risk of TLS is low.
2 x ULN

Observe patients carefully. If electrolytes, serum creatinine, or uric acid

LDH

studies worsen, contact Attending Physician. Consider Renal Consult.

< 25 x 109/l
WBC

< 2 x ULN

LRD
LDH

Cairo MS, Coiffier B et al. Br Jnl Hematol 2010;149:578 - 86

34 INDEX 35
MANAGEMENT OF AGITATED OR AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN CHILDREN
Management of Ag i ta t e d or Ag g r e s s i v e B e h av i o r i n C h i l d r e n

1 Request Behavioral Protocol !Utilize behavioral & environmental interventions first

M E D I AT E before you M E D I C AT E !

Persistent Agitation + Extreme Physical Aggression

Neuroleptic
4
(Choose One)

Antihistamine Haloperidol Olanzapine

2 Diphenhydramine
(Haldol)
OR (Zyprexa)

(Benadryl) 0.025 to 0.075 For <12 y/o: 2.5 to 5 mg/dose

Dose
mg/kg/dose For >12 y/o: 10 mg/dose
Dose 1 mg/kg/dose
Route PO IM IV* P O (ODT Available) IM
Route PO IM IV
q30 min q30 min Repeat q30 min x 2 q15 min x 2 q5 min x 2 q30 min x 2 q15 min x 2
Repeat
x2 Max 5 mg/dose 10 mg/dose
Max 50 mg/dose If >0.2 mg/kg in 1 hour
I f < 1 2 y / o & To t a l D o s e s > 5 mg
o r
If >10 mg in 1 hour or
C a u t i o n Avoid Antihistamine if Delirium Suspected Use Monitored Bed I f > 1 2 y / o & To t a l D o s e s > 10 mg
Caution Use Monitored Bed
* IV Route Increases Risk of
QT Prolongation
Persistent Agitation IV Route May Only Be Used
in ED and PICU

Benzodiazepine
3 Lorazepam Persistent Agitation and Aggression
(Ativan)
Dose 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg/dose
Combination
5
of
Route PO IM IV*
Lorazepam Haloperidol
q30 min q15 min q5 min
(Ativan)
AND (Haldol)
Repeat
x 2
Max 2 mg/dose Dose 0.05 mg/kg/dose 0.05 mg/kg/dose

If > 0.3 mg/kg in 1 hour IM

Route
or (Can Administer Lorazepam & Haloperidol in Same Syringe)

Caution !U s e M o n i t o r e d B e d
If > 6 mg in 1 hour
Max 2 mg/dose 5 mg/dose
!
*IV Route Associated with Respiratory Depression
Mike Chicella, Pharm. D.
Peter Dozier, M.D.
Jon Mason, M.D.
Persistent Agitation Arno Zaritsky, M.D.
Version 09/2016 All Rights Reserved

36 INDEX 37
CHKD Neonatal Medications and Amoxicillin For UTI prophylaxis
Dosing Guidelines PO 5 mg/kg/dose every evening (per Urology).
If NPO, use Ampicillin 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 24 hrs
NICU Clinical Pharmacists phones: Red Team: 8-5491, Blue Team: 8-8002
MEDS Call Service (NICU)-nights and weekends: Simon #6428 Amphotericin B 1 mg/kg/dose IV every 24 hrs
***Post menstrual age (PMA) = Gestational age + Postnatal age*** Conventional IV **Extend interval to every 48 hours with renal dysfunction.
**Needs separate line/port if infusing with TPN/lipids.
ADMISSION MEDICATIONS With 1 line: Run TPN over 20 hours, check blood glucoses while
off TPN during Ampho infusion.
Vitamin K Prophylaxis upon admission/birth: INTRAMUSCULAR Dose
Prophylaxis: IM (regardless of GA) Ampicillin Postnatal Age 7 days: 100 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
Treatment: IV IV, IM Postnatal Age > 7 days: 75 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs
Preterm: 0.3 mg/kg IM x 1 PMA > 44 and > 28 days: 100 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs
< 1 kg UTI prophylaxis while NPO: 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 24 hrs

> 1 kg 0.5 mg IM x 1 Bactrim Restricted to patients > 2 months of age.

Sulfamethoxazole/ Dosing based on TMP component
Trimethoprim
(TMP) Active Infection/Tracheitis:
Term 1 mg IM x 1 IV, PO 3 - 6 mg/kg/dose IV/PO q12hr
(ALL > 37 weeks GA)
UTI prophylaxis:
Treatment of coagulopathy: IntraVENOUS Dose 2 mg/kg/dose daily
1 mg IV x 1 for All patients
Infuse over 20 mins on IV pump Cefazolin 25 mg/kg/dose
(Ancef) Dosing Interval Chart
IV, IM
Erythromycin Apply thin ribbon to both eyes upon admission. PMA (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours)
Eye Ointment 0 to 28 12
29 > 28 8
0 to 14 12
30 to 36 > 14 8
ANTIBIOTICS/ANTIVIRALS/ANTIFUNGALS/IMMUNE GLOBULIN
0 to 7 12
37 to 44
Acyclovir IV Gestational Age < 33 weeks: >7 8
20 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hrs > 44 ALL 8
Gestational Age 33 weeks:
20 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs Cefotaxime 50 mg/kg/dose
**Dose Adjustment in Renal Impairment: (Claforan) Dosing Interval Chart
Scr = 0.8 - 1.1: 20 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hrs IV, IM
PMA (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours)
Scr = 1.2 - 1.5: 20 mg/kg/dose IV every 24 hrs 0 to 28 12
Scr > 1.5 or urine output < 1 mL/kg/hour (oliguria): 29
> 28 8
10 mg/kg/dose IV every 24 hrs 0 to 14 12
30 to 36
> 14 8
Amikacin IV PMA Postnatal Dose Interval 0 to 7 12
(weeks) (days) (mg/kg) (hours) 37 to 44
>7 8
0 to 7 18 48 > 44 ALL 6
29* 8 to 28 15 36
> 28 15 24
0 to 7 18 36 Cefoxitin 30 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
30 to 34 (Mefoxin)
>7 15 24
> 34 ALL 15 24 IV
**Consider using the 29 week PMA dosing also for
significant asphyxia, PDA, or treatment with indomethacin

38 INDEX 39
 Cefuroxime Postnatal Age 7 days OR 2 kg: Meropenem Non-CNS infections
IV, IM 50 mg/kg/dose every 12 hrs IV < 32 weeks gestational age AND < 14 days postnatal age:
Postnatal Age > 7 days AND > 2 kg: 20 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hrs
50 mg/kg/dose every 8 hrs < 32 weeks gestational age AND 14 days postnatal age:
20 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
Clindamycin 5 mg/kg/dose 32 weeks gestational age AND < 14 days postnatal age:
IV, IM, PO 20 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours
Dosing Interval Chart
32 weeks gestational age AND 14 postnatal age:
PMA (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours) 30 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hours
0 to 28 12
29
> 28 8 Bacterial Meningitis
< 32 weeks gestational age AND < 14 days postnatal age:
0 to 14 12
30 to 36 40 mg/kg/dose IV every 12 hrs
> 14 8
< 32 weeks gestational age AND 14 days postnatal age:
0 to 7 12 40 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
37 to 44
>7 8 ALL 32 weeks gestational age: 40 mg/kg/dose IV every 8 hrs
> 44 0 - 28 days 6
PMA > 44 and > 28 days: 10 mg/kg/dose every 8 hrs Metronidazole Loading dose: 15 mg/kg/dose
(Flagyl) Maintenance dose: 7.5 mg/kg/dose
Fluconazole Invasive Candidiasis: 12 mg/kg/dose IV, PO **Begin Maintenance dose at next interval time
IV, PO Invasive Candidiasis Dosing Interval Chart Dosing Interval Chart
Gest. Age (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours) PMA (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours)
0 to 14 48 0 to 28 48
29 29
> 14 24 > 28 24
0 to 7 48 0 to 14 24
30 30 to 36
>7 24 > 14 12
**Dose reduction may be needed with renal dysfunction. 0 to 7 24
37 to 44
Thrush: 6 mg/kg PO X 1 then 3 mg/kg/dose PO every 24 hrs >7 12
> 44 ALL 8
Gentamicin/ PMA Postnatal Dose Interval PMA > 44 and > 28: 10 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours
Tobramycin (weeks) (days) (mg/kg) (hours)
IV, IM 0 to 7 5 48
29* 8 to 28 4 36 Nystatin PO: Suspension=100,000 units/mL
> 28 4 24
0 to 7 4.5 36
Preterm infants: 0.5 mL to each side of mouth every 6 hrs
30 to 34
>7 4 24 Term infant: 1 mL to each side of mouth every 6 hrs
> 34 to 44 ALL 4 24 Topical: Cream/Ointment: Apply to area topically QID
> 44 > 28 5 24
Oxacillin 50 mg/kg/dose
**Consider using the 29 week PMA dosing also for IV, IM
significant asphyxia, PDA, or treatment with indomethacin Dosing Interval Chart
PMA (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours)
Granulocyte Neutropenia/Sepsis: 10 mcg/kg IV x 1 dose 0 to 28 12
Colony may repeat every 24hrs until ANC > 1000 29
> 28 8
Stimulating Factor order 1 dose at a time based on evaluation of ANC prior to 0 to 14 12
(GCSF)/ redosing. 30 to 36
> 14 8
(Filgrastim) 0 to 7 12
IV 37 to 44
>7 8
> 44 ALL 6
IVIG DAT positive hemolytic anemia:
1 gram/kg/dose IV over 2 - 4 hrs
May repeat in 12 hours if needed

40 INDEX 41
 Penicillin G Bacteremia: 50,000 units/kg/dose PREVENTION OF PERINATAL HIV TRANSMISSION AND INFECTION
IV, IM **Use table below for bacteremia dosing only
Zidovudine AZT alone is appropriate for infants born to women who
Dosing Interval Chart
(AZT) received antepartum/intrapartum antiretroviral therapy with
PMA (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours) IV, PO effective viral suppression.
0 to 28 12 IV dosing PO dosing
29 > 28 8
< 30 weeks 1.5 mg/kg/dose IV 2 mg/kg/dose PO BID
0 to 14 12
30 to 36 gestational every 12 hrs Increase to
> 14 8 age
0 to 7 12 Increase to 3 mg/kg/dose
37 to 44 2.3 mg/kg/dose IV PO BID after 4 weeks
>7 8
every 12 hrs after 4 postnatal age
> 44 ALL 6 weeks postnatal age
GBS Meningitis: 30 weeks to 1.5 mg/kg/dose IV 2 mg/kg/dose PO BID
Postnatal Age 7 days: 34 weeks every 12 hrs Increase to
150,000 units/kg/dose every 8 hrs gestational Increase to 3 mg/kg/dose
Postnatal Age > 7 days: age 2.3 mg/kg/dose IV PO BID at 15 days
125,000 units/kg/dose every 6 hrs every 12 hrs at 15 postnatal age
days postnatal age
Penicillin G Congenital syphilis: > 34 weeks 3 mg/kg/dose IV 4 mg/kg/dose PO BID
Benzathine 50,000 units/kg/dose x 1 dose IM gestational every 12 hrs
IM only age

Rifampin Synergy for MRSA in combination with other ABX: Nevirapine AZT plus 3 doses of nevirapine is recommended for infants at
IV, PO 5 - 10 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs higher risk of HIV acquisition whose HIV-infected mothers have
(Viramune)
PO Only not received combined antiretroviral therapy prior to or during
Piperacillin- 100 mg/kg/dose labor, suboptimal viral suppression despite being on antepartum
Tazobactam antiretroviral therapy or having only received intrapartum
Dosing Interval Chart
(Zosyn) IV antiretroviral therapy.
PMA (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours)
0 to 28 12 Fixed Dose based on Birth Weight (BW)
29 > 28 8
0 to 14 12 BW 1.5 - 2 kg: 8 mg/dose x 3 doses in the first week of life
30 to 36 > 14 8
0 to 7 12 BW > 2 kg: 12 mg/dose x 3 doses in the first week of life
37 to 44 >7 8
> 44 ALL 8 Dose #1 Dose #2 Dose #3

Vancomycin 15 mg/kg/dose within 48 hr of 48 hr after 1st 96 hr after 2nd

IV birth dose dose
Dosing Interval Chart
PMA (weeks) Postnatal (days) Interval (hours)
29 0 to 14 18 ANTICONVULSANTS
> 14 12
0 to 14 12 Fosphenytoin Load: 20 mg PE/kg/dose IV x 1 over at least 10 mins
30 to 36 Maintenance: 4 - 8 mg PE/kg/dose IV every 24 hrs
> 14 8 IV
0 to 7 12 (Fosphenytoin 1 mg PE = Phenytoin 1 mg)
37 to 44 >7 8 Levetiracetam Load: 30 - 50 mg/kg/dose IV X 1
> 44 ALL 8 (Keppra) Maintenance: 15 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs
Meningitis dosing if PMA > 44 weeks and > 28 days: Max dose: 25 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 12 hrs
IV, PO
15 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hrs Dosing per Neurology
Phenobarbital Load: 20 mg/kg/dose IV x 1 over at least 20 mins
IV, PO Maintenance: 3 - 5 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 24 hrs
Phenytoin Load: 15 - 20 mg/kg/dose IV x 1 over at least 20 mins
(Dilantin) Maintenance: 4 - 8 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 24 hrs
IV, PO
42 INDEX 43
CARDIAC GASTROINTESTINAL
Alprostadil Standard Drip Concentration Erythromycin IV / PO: 3 - 5 mg/kg/dose every 6hrs (PO preferred)
(Prostaglandin E) Continuous IV infusion: 0.02 to 0.1 mcg/kg/min (for GI Motility) Salts: PO = EES; IV= Erythromycin Lactobionate change from
IV, PO IV to PO as soon as possible
Dopamine Standard Drip Concentration
Famotidine CHKDs only IV H2 Antagonist
Continuous IV infusion: 2 to 20 mcg/kg/min
(Pepcid) 0.5 mg/kg/day IV every day
Enalapril 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg PO daily to BID IV only If PMA > 37 weeks and lower dose not adequate, may increase
PO only Nephrology to guide dosing; to 1 mg/kg/dose IV daily
IV Enalaprilat not recommended per Nephrology. *** Use Daily dose in TPN***
See Hydralazine dosing for IV option when NPO. Dosing Adjustment in Renal Impairment:
CrCl < 10 mL/min/m2: 0.5 mg/kg/dose every 48hrs
Epinephrine Standard Drip Concentration
Continuous IV infusion: 0.1 to 1 mcg/kg/min Ranitidine CHKDs only PO H2 Antagonist
(Zantac) 2 mg/kg/dose PO every 8hrs
Hydralazine **Specify BP parameters when ordering PO only (not recommended in < 1.5 kg, increase in sepsis risk)
IV, PO IV: 0.1 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose every 6 - 8 hrs prn
(Max: 2 mg/kg/dose) Hyoscyamine Weight Drops Interval (hours)
*PO dose is approximately 2 times the IV dose (Levsin) 2.3 - 3.3 kg 3 drops 4
PO: 0.25 - 1 mg/kg/dose every 6 - 8 hrs prn PO only 3.4 - 4.9 kg 4 drops 4
5 - 6.9 kg 5 drops 4
Hydrocortisone Stress dosing: 1 mg/kg/dose every 8 hrs
IV, PO Maintenance: 0.5 mg/kg/dose every 6-8 hrs Omeprazole 0.5 - 1 mg/kg every day. May increase to BID if needed.
**Consult attending prior to starting, dose/frequency (Prilosec) (not recommended in < 1.5 kg, increase in sepsis risk)
adjustments may be needed. PO only
Propranolol PO only (per Cardiology) Pantoprazole CHKDs only IV PPI
(Inderal) PO: 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg/dose PO every 6 - 8 hrs (Protonix ) 0.5 - 1 mg/kg IV daily. May increase to BID if needed.
PO only Maximum 3.5 mg/kg/dose q6hr or Attending approval IV only (not recommended in < 1.5 kg, increase in sepsis risk)
Simethicone 20 mg/dose every 6hrs PRN
PDA Closure (Mylicon)
PO only
Acetaminophen 15 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 6 hours standing x 3 - 7 days. Ursodiol TPN Induced Cholestasis: 10 mg/kg/dose every 8hrs
IV, PO Duration determined by Neonatologist and ECHO results (Actigall)
PO only
Indomethacin PDA Closure Dose (mg/kg)
(Indocin) Age at 1st dose 1st 2nd 3rd 3% Saline To be ordered only after Attending Approval
IV only (Hypertonic Saline) IV: 5 mL/kg x 1 over 2hrs
< 48 hours 0.2 0.1 0.1
Hot Salt Infuse via Central line
2 to 7 days 0.2 0.2 0.2
IV Only
> 7 days 0.2 0.25 0.25
IV doses x 3 = 1 course, maximum 2 courses Calcium Gluconate Acute Treatment: 100 - 200 mg/kg/dose every 6hrs infuse over
IV only 1 hour
Ibuprofen Lysine Load: 10 mg/kg/dose IV x 1 dose then 5 mg/kg/dose IV every Calcium 125 - 375 mg/kg/day PO divided every 6hrs
(Neoprofen) 24hrs x 2 doses starting 24 hrs after load Carbonate (equivalent to 50 - 150 mg/kg/day ELEMENTAL Calcium)
IV only PO only Each mL (=250 mg) provides 100 mg elemental calcium
IV doses x 3 = 1 course, maximum 2 courses
Cholecalciferol 400 units PO daily
(Baby-D Drops) Baby-D Drops = 400 units/drop
PO only Dosing based on type of fortification, age, and weight
Ferrous Sulfate 3 - 6 mg ELEMENTAL Iron/kg/day Divided 2 - 3 times/day
(Fer-in-Sol) Ferrous Sulfate 75 mg/mL (= Elemental Iron 15 mg/mL)
PO only

44 INDEX 45
Hyaluronidase only up to 24 hours after extravasation injury. Draw up Furosemide 1 mg/kg/dose IV or 2 mg/kg/dose PO;
Subq only 0.1 mL (150 units/mL conc.) and mix w/0.9 mL NS to make (Lasix) Frequency from daily - every 12hrs, (Max every 6hrs)
15 units/mL conc. Administer 0.2 mL SubQ in a circular pattern IV, PO If Cardiac or Pulmonary Hypertension patient: consider
around injured site.
1 mg/kg/dose (PO) and use more frequent interval based
Insulin Standard Drip Concentration on need.
(Regular Only) Continuous IV Infusion
Atrovent 0.25 mg nebulized every 8hrs
0.01 to 0.1 units/kg/hr; titrate to blood glucose goal
(Ipratropium)
Levothyroxine IV: 7 - 12 mcg/kg daily
(Synthroid) PO: 10 - 15 mcg/kg daily Oxymetazoline Instill 1 drop into each nostril twice daily for 3 days
IV, PO (IV= 75% of oral dose) (Afrin) (Dosing typically guided by ENT)

Poly-Vi-Sol with Iron 0.5 - 1 mL PO daily Phenylephrine Instill 1 drop in each nostril every 8 - 12 hours as needed for
PO only Dosing based on type of fortification, age, and weight (Little Noses) 3 days
0.125% solution
Potassium Chloride 1 mEq/kg/dose; frequency dependent upon level of deficiency,
(Chloride start @ every 12hrs Racemic 0.13 mL of 2.25% solution QS up to 3 mL with NS;
Supplementation) Epinephrine give via nebulizer
PO Sodium Calculation:
Sodium Chloride 1 mEq/kg/dose; frequency dependent upon level of deficiency, Bicarbonate HCO3 (mEq) = 0.3 x weight (kg) x base deficit
Supplementation start @ every 12hrs IV only OR
PO
2 mEq/kg/dose. Mix 1:1 w/sterile H20.
Infuse over 30 mins
RESPIRATORY To be ordered only after Attending Approval
Albuterol 1.25 - 2.5 mg nebulized every 4 - 6hrs PRN Sodium Bicarbonate Continuous Infusion
(standard concentration of 1 mEq/mL):
Aldactazide 1 mg/kg/dose (each component) BID; 0.5 - 1 mEq/kg/hr
(Spironolactone/ may increase to 1.5 - 2 mg/kg/dose BID for chronic patients
HCTZ)
PO only
Budesonide 0.25 mg nebulized Daily to BID.
(Pulmicort) May increase to 0.5 mg BID in older, chronic patients.
Max dose: 1 mg per day
Bumetanide 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO Daily to q8hr
(Bumex)
Caffeine Citrate IV: Infuse Load over 30mins, daily IV dose over 10 mins
(Cafcit) Load: 40 mg/kg x 1
IV or PO Initial Maintenance dose: 8 mg/kg every morning
(may see up to 10 mg/kg/day maintenance dose based on
caffeine level or clinical symptoms)
IV dosing = PO dosing
Curosurf Load: 2.5 mL/kg x 1 dose
(Portactant) Subsequent doses: 1.25 mL/kg/dose every 12hrs - up to
ETT only 2 additional doses.
Max. total dose 5 mL/kg.
Dexamethasone Days 1 - 3: 0.25 mg/kg/dose every 12hrs; THEN WEAN
(Decadron) Days 4 - 6: 0.15 mg/kg/dose every 12hrs
IV, PO IV dosing = PO dosing
(Not recommended to be used in the first 2 weeks of life due to
increased risk of neurodevelopment issues)

46 INDEX 47
SEDATION/ANALGESIA/PARALYTICS VACCINES
Acetaminophen PO 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose every 6 - 12 hrs PRN *No live vaccines to be administerd in the NICU. Catch-up will be done at PCP office.
(Tylenol) PR 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose every 6 - 12 hrs PRN
PO, PR and IV Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Vaccine: 0.5 mL IM x 1
MUST be 32 weeks at birth or PMA:
IM Hepatitis B Immune Globulin (HBIG): 0.5 mL IM x 1
IV 10 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 hours standing x 48hrs
***CPOE order under Post-op Pain Powerorder *Term and preterm: If HbsAg-positive mother: Give Hep B
vaccine and HBIG within 12 hrs of birth.
Clonidine 5 - 15 mcg/kg/day divided BID - TID
PO only **Caution with order entry b/c it is entered as milligrams**
*Preterm Infants < 2 kg and HbsAg-unknown mother: Give Hep
Dexmedetomidine Standard Drip Concentration B vaccine. Give HBIG if mom tests positive or if results are
(Precedex) Continuous IV infusion: 0.1 mcg/kg/hr: titrate to effect unknown within 12 hrs of birth.
IV only Max: 2 mcg/kg/hr
*Term and preterm infants 2 kg and HbsAg-unknown mother:
Diazepam Consult your NICU Pharmacist on dosing for
Give Hep B vaccine and obtain HbsAg on mother. Give HBIG
(Valium) agitation/sedation.
within 7 days of birth only if mother tests positive.
IV, PO *reserved for older/TERM infants due to decreased metabolism*
For Tone: 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 8hrs 4 week vaccine
IV dosing = PO dosing Hepatitis B
*Combination vaccines should not be used for the birth dose
Fentanyl Standard Drip Concentration
but may be used as part of the immunization series after 6
IV only Continuous IV infusion: 1 to 5 mcg/kg/hr: titrate to effect
weeks of age
IV bolus: 1 - 2 mcg/kg/dose IV every 2 - 4hrs PRN * OK for patient to receive up to 4 doses of Hepatitis B within
**Administer by slow IV push to avoid chest wall rigidity series if using combination product for repeat doses
Lorazepam 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV/PO every 4 - 6 hrs PRN; titrate to effect 2, 4, 6 month vaccines
(Ativan) IV dosing = PO dosing
IV, PO Pediarix 0.5 mL IM
(Inactivated Polio, dTaP & Hep B)
Methadone (equal analgesia to Morphine but > sedating) Prevnar 13 0.5 mL IM
IV, PO 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg/dose every 6 - 12 hrs, titrate to effect Haemophilus B 0.5 mL IM
Neonatal Narcotic Withdrawal: 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg/dose every
6 - 8hrs. After 24 - 48hrs, extend interval to every 12 - 24 hrs OR
To taper, wean by 0.05 mg/kg/day. Follow WAT/NAS scores as
cues to wean. Pentacel 0.5 mL IM
(Inactivated Polio, dTaP & HIB)
IV dosing = PO dosing Prevnar 13 0.5 mL IM
Midazolam Standard Drip Concentration Hepatitis B 0.5 mL IM
(Versed) Continuous IV infusion: 0.05 - 0.2 mg/kg/hr: titrate to effect
IV Additional 6 month vaccine during flu season
IV intermittent bolus: 0.05 - 0.15 mg/kg/dose IV every
2 - 4hrs PRN Influenza virus vaccine 0.25 mL IM
*Two doses are required 4 weeks apart for first influenza
Morphine Standard Drip Concentration vaccine
IV, PO Continuous IV infusion: 10 - 20 mcg/kg/hr: titrate to effect
12 month vaccines
IV bolus: 0.05 - 0.2 mg/kg/dose IV every 4 - 6hrs PRN
Haemophilus B 0.5 mL IM
PO: 0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg/dose PO every 4 - 6hrs PRN
Prevnar 13 0.5 mL IM
Vecuronium Standard Drip Concentration Hepatitis A 0.5 mL IM
IV only Continuous IV infusion: 0.05 to 0.2 mg/kg/hr
IV intermittent bolus: 0.1 mg/kg/dose IV every 1hr PRN movement
For multiple doses per day or if on a drip, also order
Lacri-lube OU PRN
prolonged duration with poor renal function
NO analgesic effect therefore use with sedation & analgesia

48 INDEX 49
PREMEDICATIONS FOR ELECTIVE INTUBATION Most common D10 NS + 5 mEq KCl/250 mL Appropriate heparin to
fluid used in NICU be added for specific
Analgesia Fentanyl 1 - 2 mcg/kg IV x 1 STAT line type
(defaulted on **Administer by slow IV push
powerorder) Glucose Infusion GIR= % dextrose X rate (mL/hr) X 0.165
**Use higher doses in patients previously on opioids Rate (GIR)
wt (kg)
Calculation
Sedation/ Anxiolytic only prescribe if giving in conjunction with Fentanyl
(optional selection
on powerorder)
Ativan/Lorazepam 0.05 mg/kg IV x 1 STAT NICU HEPARIN PROTOCOL FOR LINE PATENCY
Versed/Midazolam 0.05 mg/kg IV x 1 STAT
Heparin for continuous IVFs Heparin Flushes for
specific line
Vagolytic Administer over 1 minute immediately prior to other
(optional selection premedications
UAL Clear Fluids: 0.5 units/mL Heparin Order 10 mL UAL
on powerorder) FLUSH syringe: same
Atropine 0.02 mg/kg IV x 1 STAT We do not infuse TPN via UAL.
(no minimal volume) IVF as continuous UAL
fluid including
0.5 units/mL heparin
Paralytic Vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg IV X 1 STAT
(optional selection Rocuronium 0.3 mg/kg IV x 1 STAT UVL Clear Fluids: 0.5 units/mL Heparin Heparin 10 units/mL,
on powerorder)
flush q8hr and prn
TPN: 0.5 unit/mL Heparin per protocol

COMPOUNDED IV FLUID EQUIVALENCY PIV Clear fluids: No heparin added Saline lock and Flush
q8h and prn
TPN: 1 unit/mL Heparin per protocol
Per 250 mL Per 500 mL Per 1000 mL (1 liter)
PICC Clear fluids: 1 unit/mL Heparin NICU placed PICCs
Normal Saline (NS) 38.5 mEq 77 mEq 154 mEq (NICU placed) cannot be HEP Locked.
TPN: 1 unit/mL Heparin per protocol
Must have a continuous
NS 19.25 mEq 38.5 mEq 77 mEq fluid infusing.

NS 9.6 mEq 19.25 mEq 38.5 mEq Minimum KVO rate

(in general) is 1 mL/hr
per port.

Per 250 mL Per 500 mL Per 1000 mL (1 liter) PICC Clear fluids: 1 unit/mL Heparin VAT placed PICCs can
(VAT placed) be Hep Locked using
TPN: 1 unit/mL Heparin per protocol
Normal Sodium 38.5 mEq 77 mEq 154 mEq 10 unit/mL Heparin
Acetate flush syringe.

Normal Sodium 19.25 mEq 38.5 mEq 77 mEq

Acetate

Normal Sodium 9.6 mEq 19.25 mEq 38.5 mEq

Acetate

Using D70% and Per 250 mL Per 500 mL Per 1000 mL (1 liter)
Sterile Water to
compound:

D12.5 31.25 gm 62.5 gm 125 gm

D15 37.5 gm 75 gm 150 gm

D17.5 43.75 gm 87.5 gm 175 gm

D20 Commercially
prepared in
500 mL bags only

50 INDEX 51
CHKD Pediatric Pain Management Reference Card Cry No cry Moans or whimpers, Crying steadily,
This document is intended as reference material only, and is not a substitute for clinical occasional complaint, screams or sobs,
judgment. Decisions about patient management should be made considering patient occsaional verbal frequent complaints,
allergies, history, underlying condition, response to previous treatment, and concurrent outbursts, grunting repeated outbursts,
therapies. constant grunting

MULTIDIMENSIONAL PAIN ASSESSMENT Consol- Content, relaxed Resassured by occas. Difficult to console
ability touching, hugging or comfort, pushing
Intensity - How much does it hurt? Pain Score, (mild, moderate, severe) or being talked to; caregiver away,
Location - Where is the pain? distractile resisting care or
comfort measures.
Duration - Is the pain always there? Does the pain come and go (breakthrough pain)?
Merkel, et al (1997) & Malviya et al (2006)
Quality - How does the patient describe his/her pain? (sharp, burning, throbbing, etc.)
Revisions validated for use in severe neurological impairment
Aggravating/Alleviating Factors - What makes the pain better? Worse?
Previous Pain Experiences - e.g., stitches, surgeries, fractures, procedures
Impact of Pain - on Sleep? Activity? Appetite? Energy? Mood? PCA GUIDELINES (SEE PCA ORDER SETS FOR GUIDELINES)
Patient goals and expectations Selecting a PCA opioid:
Parent expectations, anxiety, involvement Most patients will achieve adequate analgesia with Morphine PCA.
Fentanyl has a short duration of action with single doses and may require more
frequent titration until pain control is achieved. Tolerance and tachyphylaxis are
Faces Pain Rating Scale more likely with this agent, which has a long terminal half-life when used as an
infusion.
Hydromorphone (~5X potency of morphine) is reserved for patients with
intolerance to morphine/ fentanyl OR those who have developed tachyphylaxis
with prolonged use of morphine/fentanyl

0 2 4 6 8 10 Opioid Equianalgesic IV Dose

No Hurt Hurts Hurts Hurts Hurts Hurts Morphine 1 mg (1,000 mcg)
Little Bit Little More Even More Whole Lot Worst
Fentanyl 0.01 mg (10 mcg)
Hydromorphone 0.2 mg (200 mcg)
Loading doses are highly recommended when starting OR increasing a
(Revised) FLACC Pain Scoring continuous infusion.
Category 0 1 2 Chronic Pain Patients should be started on higher doses. Consider preexisting
Face No expression Occas. grimace, Clenched jaw quiver- dosing requirements.
frown,withdrawn, ing chin, distressed Weaning: Typically the continuous infusion is tapered or discontinued
disinterested or frightened first, allowing for rescue/PCA doses during the transition to oral analgesics.
sad, appears worried expression Patients on opioids for longer than 7 days or receiving large doses may
need a taper regimen. Consult a clinical pharmacist for assistance.
Legs Normal or relaxed Restless, uneasy, Kicking, legs drawn
See also Nursing Policy for PCA: ME.32
Usual tone/ tense, occas. tremors up, marked incr. in
motion spasticity, constant For inadequate Pain Management for PCA patients
jerk/tremor
Think about other sources of pain and consider:
Activity Lying quiet, normal Squirming, shifting Arched, rigid, or jerking, -Rebolus
position, moves easily, back and forth, tense, severe agitation, head -Decrease Lock out interval
regular, rhythmic guarded movements, banging, shivering, -Titrate up the continuous infusion AND/OR PCA dose--
resp. mildly agitated, shal- breath holding, Add an adjuvant drug around the clock
low splinting resp. gasping, severe -Consult Clinical Pharmacist
intermittent sighs splinting

52 INDEX 53
ANALGESICS ADJUVANTS
*For severe persistent acute pain: Schedule analgesics & adjuvants
Neuropathic Amitriptyline 0.1 mg/kg PO qHS
Drug Dosing Pain Titrate up to 0.5 - 2 mg/kg as needed over
2 - 3 weeks.
Acetaminophen IV: 10 mg /kg q6hr. (order set)
Max dose: 50 mg /dose
PO: 15 mg/kg q4hr
PR: 20 mg/kg q4hr Gabapentin Children:
Do not exceed 4gm/day in adults Initial:5 mg/kg PO @HS
or 5 doses daily in children Day2: 5 mg/kg/dose PO BID
Ibuprofen 10 mg/kg PO q6 - 8hr Day 3: 5 mg/kg/dose PO TID
Maintenance range:
Ketorolac 0.5 mg/kg IV q6hr (Max 5 days)
8 - 35 mg/kg/day divided in 3 PO doses
30 mg maximum dose. IV only.
Adults: 100 mg PO TID initial
*not for use in pts < 2 mo. of age*
Max daily dose 3600 mg
Oxycodone 0.05 - 0.15 mg/kg/dose PO Q4 - 6hr
Adult dose(> 50 kg): 5 mg PO q4 - 6hr Muscle Spasm Diazepam 0.05 - 0.15 mg/kg IV q6hr;
Available as: 5 mg/5 mL elixir OR Agitation Max 10 mg/dose
5 mg immediate release capsule OR Anxiety 0.1 - 0.3 mg/kg/dose PO
10 mg extended release tablet q6 - 8hr; Max 10 mg/dose
Oxycodone / Same as oxycodone. Max: 10 mg/dose; 12 tabs/day. Lorazepam 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg/dose
Acetaminophen *caution with daily max dose IV /PO q6hr
(5 mg/325 mg tab) of acetaminophen Max: 2 mg dose
Tramadol 1 - 2 mg/kg/dose PO q4 - 6hr. Baclofen 2 - 7 yr olds:
Adolescents & Adults: 50 - 100 mg 20 - 30 mg/day PO divided
q4 - 6hr.(Max dose 400 mg) every 8 hrs. Titrate up
*Check for drug interactions* every 3 days by 5 - 15 mg/day
Hydrocodone / Dosed on hydrocodone component: 0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg po Q4h to a max of 60 mg per day.
Acetaminophen Equivalent to 0.2 - 0.4 mL/kg
Hycet: 2.5 mg /108 Adult dosing: 5 - 10 mg/dose (10 - 20 mL) Nausea/ Promethazine 0.25 mg/kg/dose IV/PR q4hr PRN.
mg per 5 mL; Max: 10 mg/dose (20 mL/dose) Vomiting (Residents: Max PIV dose: 6.25 mg
Norco: 5, 7.5 or 10 *caution with daily max dose of acetaminophen consider adding Max Central line Dose: 25 mg
mg/325 mg tablets) Diphenhydramine to Max PR dose: 25 mg
prevent dystonia) Contraindicated in children < 2 yrs.
Morphine 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg IV q2 - 4 hrs
Immediate Release (IR): 0.2 - 0.5 mg/kg Ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg/dose IV/PO q8 hrs PRN
PO q4 - 6hr. Available as: Max: 8 mg/dose
10 mg/5 mL solution Scopolamine > 12 years: Apply 1 patch behind ear Q3 days
IR: 15, 30 mg tab as needed
Extended Release (ER):
15, 30, or 60 mg tab
Fentanyl 1 - 2 mcg/kg/dose IV q1hr
Fentanyl TD patches
Availability:12, 25, 50,100 mcg
See Clinical Pharmacist for recs.
Hydromorphone IV: 0.015 mg/kg q4hr
PO: 0.03 - 0.08 mg/kg q4hr
Adult doses:
IV: 0.2 - 0.6 mg q4hr
PO: 1 - 2 mg q4hr
2, 4, or 8 mg tab
Methadone Initial: 0.1 mg/kg IV or PO Q6hrs. Methadone conversion is
highly variable. Please consult a clinical pharmacist for dosing
recommendations.

54 INDEX 55
OPIOID SIDE EFFECT MANAGEMENT NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR MANAGING PROCEDURAL PAIN
Pruritis Naloxone Infusion 0.25 mcg/kg/hr IV
Method Developmental Stage
(consider (PCA/EA patients)
changing School Adoles-
opioid agents) Hydroxyzine PO: 0.5 mg/kg q6hr PRN
Infants Toddler Preschool Age cent
Max dose: 25 mg
Art, Play & Music x x x x x
Ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg/dose
May also be helpful IV/PO q8 hrs PRN Breastfeeding x
Max: 8 mg/dose
Choices/Control x x x x
Constipation Polyethylene < 10 kg : 8.5 gm PO daily or BID
Glycol > 10 kg: 17 gm PO daily or BID Deep Breathing x x x

Pericolace TAB 2 - 6 yr: tab PO Massage x x x

6 - 12 yr: 1 tab PO Distraction x x x x x
OR Over 12 yr: 2 tabs PO BID
Guided Imagery x x
Docusate Elixir 2.5 mg/kg/dose PO BID
(Max 400 mg/day) Medical Play x x x x
AND PO Capsule: round to
Pacifier x
nearest 50 mg cap size
Senna Positioning x x x x x
1 mo - < 2y: 1.25 mL PO BID
2 y - < 6y: 2.5 mL PO BID Post Procedural Comforting x x x x x
6y - < 12y: 5 mL PO BID Parent Involvement x x x x x*
12 and up: 10 mL PO BID
Preparation Parent x** x x x
Methylnaltrexone < 38 kg: 0.15 mg/kg SC
38 - 62 kg: 8 mg; Relaxation Parent x** x x x
> 62 kg: 12 mg Skin to Skin Contact x
Swaddling x x
Warm Packs x x x x x

*Involve parent with permission from the child.

**Provide information for the parent(s) and age-appropriate interventions for the child.

56 INDEX 57
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PAIN MANAGEMENT FOR COMMON PEDIATRIC PROCEDURES *Procedural Sedation - See policy H2214 for monitoring guidelines
Procedural
Breastfeed Sedation
Vapo-cool- Lidocaine Buffered Sucrose swaddle Short Acting Short Acting may be
Procedure ant Spray Jelly LMX4 Lidocaine Buzzy 12mo kangaroo Anxiolytic Opioid indicated*
Abscess I&D x x SC x x IN/IV x
Central/PICC line placement x SC x PO/IN IN x
Bone Marrow Aspirate/Biopsy x SC Routine
Burn Dressing Change PO/IN IV/IN x
Burn Tubbing Routine
Circumcision (NICU) Nerve block x SC x
Close Fracture Reduction PO/IN/IV IV/IN x
Chest Tube Placement x x SC x PO/IN/IV IV x
Heelstick x x
IM injection x x x x x
Implanted Port Access x x NO J-tip x IN/PO
Neonatal Eye Exam x x
Lumbar Puncture x SC x consider IV x
NGT placement/Urinary Cath X IN x x IN
Suturing (LET in ED only) SC x IN IN x
Skin Biopsy SC x x consider consider x
Venipuncture & IV starts x x SC x x x
Wound Packing/Dressing Change PO/IN/IV IV/IN x
Wound Vac Dressing Change PO/IN IV/IN x

LMX 4 Buffered 1% Lidocaine

37 wks CGA 1.5 kg (NICU)
Allow 30 min to effect. 45 - 60 minutes for LP and PICC lines Jtip device not recommended for: neonates, infants, patients on bleeding
precautions, or certain chemo agents.
Vapocoolant Spray
Dose: 0.1 - 0.2 mL SC (27 or 30 gauge).
3yr (1 - 3yr VAT)
Allow 2 - 5 min. for effect.
Caution with thin skin in toddlers. Not recommended for infants
Maximum dosing if repeated:
Sucrose (24% solution) Neonates/Infants: 0.6 mL or 4 mg/kg
1yr Older: 0.5 mL/kg (or 5 mg/kg), 5 mL
Peak effect: 2 minutes Duration: 7 minutes

*Moderate Sedation will require Special Monitoring - See policy H2214

58 INDEX 59
INDEX K O S
Ketamine: 4, 7 Omeprazole: 21, 30, 45 Saline: 14, 45, 50
A Carvedilol: 15 F Ketorolac: 32, 54 Ondansetron: 21, 29, 55, 56 Scopolamine: 29, 56
Acetaminophen: 32, 44, 48, 54 Cefazolin: 11,39 Famotidine: 20, 30, 45 KPhos: 19, 30 Opium Suppository: 23 Scopolamine transdermal: 29
Acetazolamide: 16 Cefdinir: 11, 26 Fentanyl: 4, 7, 32, 48, 50, 53, 54 Oseltamivir: 12 Senna: 21, 30, 56
Acetylcysteine: 6, 8 Cefepime: 26 Ferrous sulfate: 33, 45 L Oxacillin: 13, 27, 41 Sildenafil: 16
Activated Charcoal: 8 Cefixime: 26 FFP: 25 Labetalol: 3, 15 Oxcarbazepine: 10 Simethicone: 45
Acyclovir: 10, 26, 38 Cefotaxime: 11, 26, 39 Fleet Phospho-soda: 19 Lacosamide: 9 Oxycodone: 32, 54 Sodium bicarbonate: 19, 46, 47
Adenosine: 4 Cefoxitin: 11, 14, 39 Fluconazole: 12, 26, 40 Lactulose: 20, 30 Oxymetazoline: 14, 47 Sodium chloride 3%: 6
Albumin: 6 Cefprozil: 11, 26 Fludrocortisone: 24 Lasix: 17 Sodium phosphate: 17, 21
Albuterol: 8, 14, 46 Ceftazidime: 11, 13 Flumazenil: 8 Levetiracetam: 9, 43 P
Palonosetron: 29 Spironolactone: 17
Allopurinol: 33 Ceftriaxone: 11, 26 Fluticasone HFA: 15 Levofloxacin: 14, 27 Sucralfate: 21
Alprostadil: 3, 44 Cefuroxime: 11, 26, 40 Folic acid: 33 Levothyroxine: 46 Pantoprazole: 21, 30, 45
Pediarix: 49 Sulfamethoxazole: 39
Amikacin: 13, 38 Cephalexin: 11 Foscarnet: 26 Lidocaine: 3, 58 Sumatriptan: 23
Aminocaproic Acid: 33 Chlorothiazide: 16 Fosphenytoin: 7, 43 Linezolid: 12, 27 Penicillin: 13, 27, 42
Amiodarone: 3, 4 Cholecalciferol: 45 Furosemide: 16, 47 Liposomal Amphotericin B: 26 Penicillin, Benzathine: 42 T
Amitriptyline: 55 Ciprofloxacin: 12, 13, 26 Lorazepam: 4, 7, 9, 29, 48, 55 Pentacel: 49 Tazobactam: 27, 42
G Pentamidine: 27 Terbutaline: 15
AmLodipine: 15 Clindamycin: 12, 13, 26, 40 Gabapentin: 55 M
Amoxicillin: 10, 39 Clobazam: 9 Pentobarbital: 7 THAM: 6
Gastrografin/normal saline/ Magic Mouthwash: 20, 33 Pericolace: 56 Theophylline: 15
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid: 10 Clonidine: 6, 15, 48 mineral oil: 20 Magnesium citrate: 20, 30
Amphotericin B: 39 Cortisone, 24 Phenobarbital: 7, 10, 43 Ticarcillin/clavulanate: 13
Gentamicin: 12, 13, 26, 40 Magnesium gluconate: 19, 30 Phenylephrine: 14, 47 Tobramycin: 13, 14, 27
Ampicillin: 11, 39 Cyproheptadine, 33 Glucagon: 8, 23 Magnesium Hydroxide: 21
Ampicillin/sulbactam: 11 Cyroprecipitate, 25 Phenytoin: 7, 10, 43 Topiramate: 10
Glycopyrrolate: 23 Magnesium oxide: 18, 19, 30 Phos-Na K powder: 19, 30 Tramadol: 54
Aprepitant: 29 D Granisetron: 29 Magnesium sulfate: 14, 17
Aspirin: 23 Phospha: 19, 30 Triamcinolone: 24
Dexamethasone: 6, 14, 24, 46 Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Mannitol: 6 Phosphate: 18 Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole:
Ativan/Lorazepam: 50 Dexmedetomidine: 4, 6, 48 Factor (GCSF): 40 Meropenem: 12, 14, 27, 41
Atropine: 3, 50 Piperacillin/tazobactam: 13, 13, 26
Dextrose: 3 Methadone: 4, 48, 54 27, 42
Azithromycin: 11, 14, 26 H Methylnaltrexone: 30, 56 U
Diazepam: 6, 9, 48, 55 Haloperidol: 23 Portactant: 46
Aztreonam: 13 Dicyclomine: 20 Methylprednisolone: 4, 14, 25 Ursodiol: 21, 45
Heparin: 5, 51 Polyethylene glycol: 21, 30, 56
B Digoxin: 15 Metoclopramide: 21, 29 Poly-vi-sol: 46 V
Hepatitis B Immune Globulin Metolazone: 17
Baclofen: 55 Dihydroergotamine (DHE): 23 (HBIG): 49 Potassium chloride: 17, 19, 46 Valacyclovir: 13
Beclomethasone:15 Diphenhydramine: 4, 29 Metronidazole: 12, 14, 27, 41 Potassium phosphate: 17 Valproic acid: 10, 23
Hepatitis B Vaccine: 49 Micafungin: 27
Belladonna: 23 Dobutamine: 3 Hyaluronidase: 46 Prednisolone: 14, 24 Vancomycin: 13, 27, 42
Benzathine: 13 Docusate: 20, 30, 56 Midazolam: 4, 7, 9, 48, 50 Prednisone: 14, 24, 25 Vasopressin: 3, 6
Hydralazine: 15, 44 Milrinone: 3
Betamethasone: 24 Dopamine: 3, 44 Hydrochlorothiazide: 16 Prochlorperazine: 29 Vecuronium: 6, 48, 50
Bicarbonate: 3, 18 Doxycycline: 12, 14 Mometasone: 15 Promethazine: 21, 29, 56 Vitamin K: 38
Hydrocodone: 32 Morphine: 4, 32, 48, 53, 54
Bisacodyl: 20, 30 Dronabinol: 29 Hydrocodone/acetaminophen: 54 Propofol: 4 Voriconazole: 27
Bisphosphonate: 21 E Hydrocortisone: 24, 44 N Propranolol: 16, 44
Bromocriptine: 23 Z
Enalapril: 15, 44 Hydromorphone: 32, 53, 54 Naloxone: 8, 33, 56 Prostaglandin E: 44 Zidovudine: 43
Budesonide: 15, 46 Enalaprilat: 15 Hydroxyzine: 23, 56 Neulasta: 33
Bumetanide: 16, 46 R
Enoxaparin: 15, 31 Hyoscyamine: 20, 45 Nevirapine: 43 Racemic: epinephrine 14, 47
C Epinephrine: 3, 4, 14, 44, 47 Hypertonic saline (hot salt): 45 Nicardipine: 3 Ranitidine: 21, 30, 45
Caffeine: 23 Erythromycin: 20, 38, 45 Nitroglycerin: 3 Rasburicase: 33
I Nitroprusside: 3
Caffeine citrate: 46 Esmolol: 3 Ibuprofen: 32, 44, 54 Rifampin: 13, 42
Calcium: 3, 18 Esomeprazole: 20 Norepinephrine: 3 Rifaximin: 21
Indomethacin: 44 Nystatin: 12, 41
Calcium carbonate: 18, 19, 20, 45 Ethosuximide: 9 Insulin: 8, 22, 46 Risperidone: 24
Calcium chloride: 17 Etomidate: 6 Ipratropium: 14 Rizatriptan: 23
Calcium glubionate: 19 Iron: 23 Rocuronium: 6, 50
Calcium gluconate: 17, 45 IVIG: 40 Rufinamide: 10
Captopril: 15
Carbamazepine: 9

60 INDEX 61
Contributors:
Casey Baker, PharmD
Aline Branca, MD
Michael Chicella, PharmD
James Dice, PharmD
Shirl Dutton, RN
Chris Foley, MD
Christina Hellauer, PharmD
Lindsay Kozar, PharmD
Jessica Price, PharmD
Nicole Rozette, PharmD
Kyrie Shomaker, MD
Eloise Woodruff, PharmD

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