Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
0.40 11.80
12.60
Datos
C
L
0.60
0.15 0.05 8.20
Asfalto
SECCION TRANSVERSAL
W = 9.80
PLANTA
a) Predimensionamiento de la losa
L = L' + C
L = 11.80 m + 0.40 m
L = 12.20 m L =
hmn = 2.00 ft
hmn = 0.61 m
h = 65 cm
L'+C =
L'+e =
11.80 m + 0.40 m
11.80 m + 0.65 m
= 12.20 m
= 12.45 m
Luz de clculo: L = 12.20 m
2.- Clculo del ancho de franja para carga viva (HL-93 = LL)
L = 12.20 m // Al trnsito
Como : Luz: > 15.00 ft = 4.57 m
E L 5 L1.W1 (Pulg)
Donde:
(Min)
9.80 m
32.15 ft
"
"
E= 12.20+5 ( 40.03 x 29.53 )
E = 184.09 pulg
E = 4.68 m
12 W
E 10W 1.44 L1.W1
NL
W = 9.80 m
L1 = 40.03 ft
W
NL : N de carriles de diseo :
12
29.53
NL = = 2.46 NL
12
Donde:
(Min)
9.80 m
32.15 ft
"
"
E = 10 x 9.80 + 1.44 ( 40.03 x 32.15 )
E = 149.66 pulg
E = 3.80 m 4.90 m
3.- Aplicacin de carga viva en puentes losa
1.00
X1 X2
A B
4.30 4.30 3.60
12.20
Clculo de X1
12.20
1.00
7.90
X1
X1 =
Clculo de X2
12.20
1.00
3.60
X2
X2 =
V A C A M I N 24979.67 kg
1 x 952 x 12.20
V A C A R R IL
2
V A C A R R IL 5807.20 kg
V A C A R R IL 5807.20 kg
11338 kg 11338 kg
1.00
X3
A B
1.20 11.00
12.20
Clculo de X3
12.20
1.00
11.00
X3
X1 =
V A T N D E M 21560.79 kg
IM
FI = 1 + IM =
100
33
FI = 1 + FI =
100
CL
A B
12.20
X4 L X4
-=-
4 4
A B
X4 L X4
-=-
4 4 12.20
Clculo de X4
3.05
6.10
X4
1.80
X4 =
M A C A M I N 60587.60 kg - m
1 x 952 x 12.20
M A C A R R IL 8
M A C A R R IL 17711.96 kg - m
CL
11338 kg 11338 kg
A B
4.90 1.20 6.10
12.20
L
X5 12.20
-=-
4 4
Clculo de X5
3.05
6.10
X5
4.90
X5 =
MLL+IM =
62359.00 kg - m
d) Clculo del momento por carga viva vehicular (HL-93 = LL) y por impacto (IM)
Ductilidad
Redundancia
Importancia
Resistencia I
Servicio I
Fatiga
VLL+IM =
1.33 x
MLL+IM = 100649.43 kg - m
D
R
L
Resistencia
0.95
1.05
0.95
0.95
a) Franja Interior
62359.00
Es crtico por: E=
Servicio
1.00
1.00
-
1.00
+ 17711.96
=D.R.L
Estado Lmite
Estado Lmite
3.80 m
1.33 x 24979.67
3.80
Fatiga
1.00
1.00
-
1.00
0.90
0.90
Estado Lmite
U = 1.00 [DC + DW] + 1.00 [LL + IM] + 0.30 [WS + WL] + 1.00 FR
+ 5807.20
3.80 m
VLL+IM = 10267.52 kg
100649.43
MLL+IM =
3.80
b) Franja de Borde
Ancho de franja de borde longitudinal para una loma de llantas = Distancia del borde de la vered
+ 0.30 m +1/2 ancho de franja
0.80
Llantas
0.60 CCARRIL
0.25
h 0.65
1.80
Debido a que el ancho lmite es 1.80 m, consideramos 1/2 de camin con un factor de
presencia mltiple de 1.20, ser el crtico
VLL+IM = ( 1/2 x
1.80
39030.16 x 1.20 )
VLL+IM = 13010.05 kg/ml
Asfalto e= Losa
1.00
h
DC
0.65
*) Peso de la losa
WDC =
VDC =
MDC =
WDW =
VDW =
MDW =
Peso de la vereda
VDC =
2
2
0.65
1 WDC.L
1 WDC.L
8
0.05
1 WDW.L
1 WDW.L
8
Asfalto e=
2
1.00
1.00
1x1560.00
1x1560.00
1.00
1x111.76
1x111.76
8
x
b) Franja de borde
WDC = 1560.00 +
1 WDC.L
2 1x1938.33
2
=
681.00
1.80
0.15 x
0.25
Losa
2400
x 12.20
x 12.20
2200
x 12.20
x 12.20
0.60 x
) + 2 0.75
( 0.80
465.00 kg/ml
x 12.20
=
2400 =
=
1938.33 kg/ml
=
1 WDC.L x 12.20
MDC =
8
1x1938.33
8
=
1 WDW.L
VDW =
2
1x62.09
2
x 12.20
=
x 12.20
MDW =
1 WDW.L
8
1x62.09
8
=
a) Por durabilidad
1 ''
h 0.65
d 0.65
0.025
d = 65.00 - ( 2.50
2.50
2 ) = 61.25
= D = R = L = 1.00
M D S 1 00
AS S
fsjd AS
57580.58 x 100
As =
2520.00 x 0.851 x61.25
As = 43.84 cm/ml
5.07 x 100
S=
43.84
11.56 cm
1 '' @ 11.00 cm
(
MINTERIOR =
1.00 36062.69
MINTERIOR = 70767.67 kg - m
70767.67 x 100
As =
2520.00 x 0.851 x61.25
As = 53.88 cm/ml
5.07 x 100
S=
53.88 9.40 cm
1 '' @ 9.00 cm
b) Control de fisuras
Z
fs fsa = 0.6 fy
(dc .A)1 / 3
Donde:
dc: Recubrimiento medido desde la fibra externa con traccin al centro de la
varilla ms cercana debiendo ser 50 mm.
MINTERIOR = 57580.58 kg - m
M
fc =
Icr
M
bh
57580.58 x 100
1/6 (100)
fc = 81.77 kg/cm
fr = 2.018 (210)
fr = 29.24 kg/cm
asx100
S= x 1.00 m de ancho
As
Ec = 221630.91 kg/cm
Es
n=
Ec
2038901.78
221630.91
9.20
f'c
x
61.25
dc =
d- x
fs/m
1 m = 100 cm
Condicin:
1 bx As(d - x)
2
1 (100) x
2
423.77 (61.25 - x)
50 x = 25955.94 -
x = 18.94 cm
1 bx + As (d-x)
Icr =
3
Icr =
1 (100) x ( 18.94 ) 423.77 x ( 61.25 -
3
f's
247.33 kg/cm
n
f's = 9.20 x 247.33 kg/cm
Z
Clculo del: fsa =
(dc .A)1 / 3
de = 3.75 cm
de
1 ''
N 0.10197 Kg
Z= 23000.00 x x
mm 1N
Z = 23453.47 Kg/cm
N 1 KIP
Z= 23000.00
mm
x 4448.221 N
A =
2.de.b
N
2 x 3.75 x 11
1
82.50 cm
de =
de =
b=
11
N=1 1'' @ 11 cm
1 Pulg
A = 82.50 cm2 x = 12.79 Pulg
(2.54 cm)
MINTERIOR = 70767.67 kg - m
M M 70767.67 x 100
fc =
Icr bh 1/6 (100)
fc = 100.50 kg/cm
fr = 2.018 (210)
fr = 29.24 kg/cm
n = 9.20
1 bx As(d - x)
2
1 (100) x
2
517.94 (61.25 - x)
50 x = 31723.92 -
x = 20.54 cm
1 bx + As (d-x)
Icr =
3
Icr =
1 (100) x ( 20.54 ) 517.94 x ( 61.25 -
3
4
Icr = 1147241.81 cm /ml
f's
251.14 kg/cm
n
A =
2.de.b
N
2 x 3.75 x 9
1
67.50 cm
1 Pulg
A = 67.50 cm2 x = 10.46 Pulg
(2.54 cm)
11.- Deformaciones
WDC
: =
WDC =
WDW
Ma = MDL =
1 WDL.L
8
8
1x17566.43 x 12.20
=
4
5 WDL.L
DL =
384 Ec.IE
3 33
IE = ( Mcr
Ma ) [
Ig + 1 - ( Mcr
Ma ) ]Icr
Ma : Momento mximo en un compon
Ig estado para el cual la deformaci
Mcr = ft
yt calcula.
yt : Distancia al centro de gravedad d
seccin bruta.
65 cm
yt = = 32.5 cm
2
1( 980 ) x ( 65 ) 4
Ig =
12 22427708.33 cm
22427708.33 cm 4
Mcr = 29.24 kg/cm x 32.5 cm
; fcr = ft =
Mcr 3 3
( Ma ) ( 201805.20
326823.47 ) 0.2354
Icr (
= 1147241.81 cm /ml 4
) ( 9.80 m )
4
Icr = 11242969.71 cm
Mcr 3 Mcr 33
IE = ( Ma ) [
Ig + 1 - ( Ma )]Icr
4
IE = 13876165.69 cm
4
5 x 175.66 ( 1220 )
DL =
384 x 221630.91 x 13876165.69
DL = 1.648 cm 16.48 mm
C
L
49.43 mm
A B
NL = 2
m = 1.00 (Factor de multipresencia de carga viva)
3
Ie = ( 201805.20
178729.45 ) 22427708.33 + 1 - [ (201805.20
178729.45 )
4
Ie = 27343290.93 cm
Ec.Ie = 6.06E+12 Kg - cm
C D E
A B
X1 4.30 4.30 X2
C D E
A B
6.10 6.10
Tomamos momentos en B
MB = 0
304752.00 - 32652.00 x
RA =
12.20
RA = 24979.67 - 2676.39 x
d MD
dx
0 -5352.79 x + 13471.18 = 0
X2 = 1.083 m
PLL+IM = 38601.92 kg
b.1.-
P = 38601.92 kg
b = 251.67 cm
X1 = 4.30 m + 1.08 m = 5.38 m
X1 = 538.33 cm
x1 = 0.134 cm 1.34 mm
b.2.-
P = 38601.92 kg
b = 108.33 cm
X2 = 4.30 m + 2.52 m = 6.82 m
X2 = 681.67 cm
x2 = 0.065 cm 0.65 mm
Adquirida
Comprobacin : LL+IM = 1.70 mm < LL IM = 15.25 mm
Adquirida
TNDEM = 3.77 mm < LL IM = 15.25 mm
a.- La carga de fatiga ser un camin con 9.00 m de espaciamiento entre ejes
posteriores.
3628 kg 14512 kg
CL
A B
4.30 9.00
12.20
A B
2.23 4.30
12.20
14512 kg x4.30 m
x= 3.440 m
18140 kg
18140 kg
CL
R
A 0.43 B
5.67 6.10
12.20
A B
MA = 0
RB = 8430.64 kg
FAY= 0
RA + 8430.64 18140.00
RA = 9709.36 kg
Factores de Impacto
iQi = 47482.41 kg - m
47482.41
MLL+IM =
4.68
10154.62 kg-m / ml
4
Icr = 985080.83 cm
Mu fs (MLL + IM) (d - x)
=
I
Icr
fs
43.62 kg/cm
r
ff = 21+0 . 33fmn + 8 ( )
ff : KSI (Esfuerzo mximo de fatiga)
( r) 0.30
ff = 23.40 KSI
ff = 1645.18 kg/cm
Mu = 81447.57 kg - m
Mu 81447.57 x 100
Ku =
bd
(100.00) x (61.25)
Ku = f'c (1 - 0.6 )
Donde :
= 0.90
f'c = 210 kg/cm
= 0.1241
c As fy
0.42 c=
d 0.85 f'c..b
= 0.85
Cuando no se satisface esta condicin, las secciones se vuelven sobreesforzadas y tendrn una
falla en compresin fragil y repentina si es que no estn bien confinadas.
38.01 x 4200
c=
0.85 x 210 x 0.85 x 100
c = 10.522 cm
c 10.522 cm
d
61.250 cm
0.17 0.42
f'c
0.03
fy
mn
Cuando esta ecuacin no se cumple la seccin tendr una falla por fractura rempentina del acero
en traccin
210
mn = 0.03 x
4200
0.00150 0.00621
As = 38.01 cm
5.07 x 100
S=
38.01 13.33 cm
11 '' @ 13.00 cm
C
L
11 '' @ 13.00 cm
b.- Para la franja de borde
Mu = 100247.11 kg - m
Mu 100247.11 x 100
Ku =
bd
(100.00) x (61.25)
Ku = f'c (1 - 0.6 )
= 0.1560
As = 47.77 cm
c As fy
0.42 c=
d 0.85 f'c..b
47.77 x 4200
c=
0.85 x 210 x 0.85 x 100
c = 13.223 cm
c 13.223 cm
d
61.250 cm
0.22 0.42
f'c
0.03
fy
mn
210
mn = 0.03 x
4200
0.00150 0.00780
As = 47.77 cm
5.07 x 100
S=
47.77
10.61 cm
11 '' @ 10.00 cm
1 5/8 ''
@ 16.00 cm
11 ''
@ 13.00 cm 1 5/8 ''
11 '' @ 26.00 cm
@ 10.00 cm
(As Principal)
11 '' @ 10.00 cm
100
50%
(L)
L= 12.20 m = 40.03 ft
100
dd = 15.81 % 50.00 %
(40.03)
1.98 x 100
S=
6.01
32.95 cm
1.98 x 100
S=
7.55
26.21 cm
Verifiquemos:
Ag = b.d 100 x 65 cm
Ag = 6500 cm
1007.50
Ast x
0.11 = 1.866 pulg
59.41
Trabajando con :
1.98 x 100
S=
12.04 16.45 cm
Datos:
d = h - 0.10 =
0.60
0.25
V. S.
h = 0.90
0.65
b = 0.75
a.1.- WD
WD =
a.2.- WL
WL =
WU = 1.50 WD + 1.80 WL
WU = 1.50 x (1.90) 1.80 x
WU = 3.55 Ton/ml
Mr mx = .k.b.d
k = 54.35
= 0.90
Mu 91875.22 x 100
Ku =
bd
(75.00) x (80.00)
Ku = f'c (1 - 0.59 )
= 0.1082
mn b.d = 0.003 x 75 x 80
mn b.d = 18.00 cm
4 1''
7 1''
Seccin Crtica
de Corte
t/2 t/2
CL
Pi:
P1
u =
A B
12.20
P1L
MU(2) = 25.90 Ton - m 4
P1 = 8.49 Ton
CL
=P8.49
1
Ton
CL
=P8.49
1
Ton
A B
12.20
MA = 0
RA = 8.35 Ton
Vu = 7.64 Ton
16 L 1 '' 16 x 2.540
Luego: 3/8 '' : 1 @ 20 cm + Resto @ 40 cm
AMARU
0.40
0.60
0.05 0.15
0.60
0.25
h=e
0.80
8.20
0.80
40.03 ft
0.65 m
Se toma el menor
L1 = ft
L=m
W1 = ft
40.03 ft
29.53 ft
L1 = ft
W=m
W1 = ft
W (ft)
40.03 ft
32.15 ft
12 x 32.15
2
192.91 pulg
. . . OK
a el principio de Mller-Breslau
0.648 m
0.295 m
3628 x 0.295
B
0.902 m
Por otros
33% estados de
lmite
1.33
12.20
4
3.05
0.900
3628 x 0.900
12.20
4
3.05
2.450
mpacto (IM)
Q r q i i
M]
4.68 m
39030.16
3.80
Distancia del borde de la vereda
+1/2 ancho de franja 1.80 m
> 1.80 m
9516.00 kg/ml
29023.80 kg-m / ml
111.76 kg/ml
681.74 kg/ml
2079.29 kg-m / ml
era)
216.00 kg/ml
2400
938.33 kg/ml
11823.83 kg/ml
36062.69 kg-m / ml
62.09 kg/ml
378.74 kg/ml
1155.16 kg-m / ml
1 ''
2.5 cm
cm
MDW 1.00M L L I M )
2079.29 26477.48)
)
f'c j
210 Kg/cm 0.851
280 Kg/cm 0.857
Al centro de luz
1.00 )
1155.16 33549.81 )
Al centro de luz
57580.58 x 100
x (65)
9.24 kg/cm
46.06 cm/ml
038901.78 Kg/cm
152.33 KSI
x
- x
423.77 x
ansformada
miento
18.94 )
18.94 )
520.00 Kg/cm . . . OK
de
x10 mm
1 cm
25.40 mm
x 1 Pulg
2.50 cm
3.75 cm
de =
1'' @ 11 cm
2.79 Pulg
= 49.06 PSI
449.43 Kg/cm
520.00 kg/cm . . . OK
rificando el control de
70767.67 x 100
x (65)
9.24 kg/cm . . . OK
56.30 cm/ml
517.94 x
20.54 )
20.54 )
520.00 Kg/cm . . . OK
7.50 cm
0.46 Pulg
= 52.46 PSI
688.06 Kg/cm
520.00 kg/cm . . . OK
erior)
15288.00 kg/ml
2400
930.00 kg/ml
16218.00 kg/ml
916.43 kg/ml
432.00 kg/ml
326823.47 kg-m / ml
29.24 Kg/cm
201805.20 Kg/m
x 11242969.71
49.43 mm
B
15.25 mm
mximo: Mmx.
38601.92 kg
do a Ma
60587.60 ) ( 1.33 ) ]
3
) ] 11242969.71
3628 kg
(3.60 - x)
()
(12.20 - x) RA (12.20)
(4.30)
- 538.33 )
- 681.67 )
1.99 mm
= 15.25 mm . . . OK
2532.32 kg
47113.81 kg-m / ml
x (1220.00)
= 15.25 mm . . . OK
60318.16 kg
= 15.25 mm . . . OK
mento mximo.
Para todas las otras componentes)
(1.15)
18.94)
e puentes simplemente apoyados)
645.18 kg/cm . . . OK
M LL IM )
1.75 x 26477.48)
21.710
0.00621
sobreesforzadas y tendrn una
finadas.
. . . OK
. . . OK
Al centro de luz
M LL IM )
1.75 x 33549.81)
26.721
0.00780
. . . OK
. . . OK
1 5/8 ''
@ 16.00 cm
11 '' @ 10.00 cm
11 ''
@ 13.00 cm
1 5/8 ''
@ 16.00 cm
5/8 ''
26.00 cm
. . . OK
= 6.008 cm/m
Al centro de luz
= 7.551 cm/m
1007.50 pulg
59.41 KSI
12.04 cm
5/8 ''
b = 0.75 m
h = 0.90 m
d = h - 0.10 = 0.80 m
L = 12.20 m
= 1.62 Ton/ml
= 0.22 Ton/ml
= 0.06 Ton/ml
1.90 Ton/ml
= 0.24 Ton/ml
= 0.15 Ton/ml
0.39 Ton/ml
(0.39)
da
65.97 Ton - m
( 2.20 )
210 kg/cm
4200 kg/cm
. . . OK
19.141
0.00541
1''
. . . OK
1''
1''
0.90
1''
3.55 Ton/ m
B
B
. . . OK
Menor
45.72 cm S Conf
40.64 cm 40.00 cm
A cada extremo