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an electronic device
accepts data
FUNDAMENTALS OF performs computation
HARDWARE & SOFTWARE makes logical decisions according
SECTION ONE to given instructions and data
PART ONE Produces meaningful information
COMPUTER
is an electronic device which
accepts data, processes the data
DATA
according to instructions given
Raw facts that are entered into the
and returns meaningful
computer.
information in a form useful to
humans eg. Prices of different vehicles
Names of students
Telephone numbers of employees
HARDWARE
INFORMATION
The tangible, physical
Processed data which leaves the
computer and is meaningful to humans
equipment of the
Eg. A graph showing the distribution of computer that you can
marks among students in a class for a see and touch.
particular subject Eg.
Eg. Monitor, keyboard,
All the students who live in Campden
mouse, CPU, system unit
Park
The highest and lowest priced vehicles
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HARDWARE INPUT DEVICE
A hardware device that
INPUT DEVICE
OUTPUT DEVICE enables the computer to
STORAGE DEVICE accept data
PROCESSOR Keyboard
Mouse
Light pens
Touch screens
Digitizing tablets
scanner
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INPUT HARDWARE
INPUT HARDWARE CAN EITHER BE
1. KEYBOARD ENTRY
OR
2. DIRECT ENTRY
THE KEYBOARD
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TERMINALS Some types of Terminals
a keyboard and a monitor. The keyboard is
attached to the monitor and the monitor is Point-of-sale (POS) terminal
attached to the main computer system located
most often not in close proximity
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs)
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PERIPHERAL DEVICES CURSOR
devices attached to a flashing insertion point(!),
an arrow, an underline(_)
the system unit by or a square symbol which
means of some port serves as a marker
(parallel port, USB
port)
POINTING DEVICES
DIRECT ENTRY
Pointing Devices
Scanning Devices
Smart Cards
Voice input devices
TRACK PAD
MOUSE
JOYSTICK
LIGHT PEN
THE MOUSE
TRACKBALL
a small hand-held input device.
as it is moved along a flat surface, it an upside-down, stationary mouse
directs an indicator (cursor) to move The direction in which the ball is
in the same direction as the mouse rolled causes the cursor to move in
Clicking on an icon causes the the same direction
programme to be activated
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TRACKPAD THE JOYSTICK
Made of a plastic or metal rod that is
a small, flat, square pad found mounted to a base
It looks similar to a vehicle gear stick
below the space bar
The direction the joystick is moved causes
As you move you finger on the the cursor to move in the same direction
square in a desired direction the Mainly used for playing games
cursor also moves in that
direction
TOUCH TONE
GRAPHICS
TABLET
DEVICE
A touch tone telephone
connected to the
computer which sends
data to it by the varying
It uses a pen-like device called a stylus sounds of the different
used by engineers, architects etc keys which are pressed.
a flat drawing surface, connected to the
computer, on which the user can draw
graphic figures
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SCANNERS Scanner can be
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MICR
MAGNETIC SCANNER
MAGNETIC INK CHARACTER
MAGNETIC STRIPE READER
RECOGNITION READER
reads magnetic tape Reading data from
on a plastic card cheques
Credit cards and Special symbols are
ATM cards printed in a special
magnetic ink at the
bottom of the cheque
which will identify the
customer, bank etc.
SENSORS SENSORS
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PC CAMERA
MICROPHONE A PC camera is a digital video camera
attached to a computer. It allows you to
record sounds and voices have a video telephone call where
give voice command to the someone can see you while
computer communicating with you.
Allow users to speak to each
other via(over) the Internet
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IMPACT PRINTERS NON-IMPACT PRINTERS
Printers where a mechanism within characters are formed without
the printer strikes the paper striking the paper
continually through an inked ribbon
(eg) Ink jet printer
(eg) Dot Matrix Printer Laser Printer
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Character Printer
Line Printer
Prints a single character at a time
This is similar to how a typewriter prints its Waits until it has a received a line
characters of information then prints it in one
All character printers are impact printers go
Most line printers are character
printers
Page Printer
AEC
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PIXELS RESOLUTION
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LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
LCD
Uses a clear liquid chemical
(electrokinetic fluid) trapped in tiny
pockets between two pieces of glass
Each area in the glass contains
electrodes.
When the electrodes are activated by
electricity, various light patterns
create images on the screen
The fluid changes colour because of
electricity in motion.
SPEAKERS
CRT vs LCD(flat screen)
output device for sound
CRT
Large size
High power DATA PROJECTOR
consumption
takes an image that you
Fragile
LCD
will see on a computer
Smaller is size screen and renders it on a
Consumes larger, separate screen.
less power used for large audiences
More
expensive
COM
COMPUTER OUTPUT ON
MICROFILM/MICROFICHE
uses a photographic process similar to
that of a camera
Output is recorded directly onto a
photographic film called micro-film.
The size of the output is greatly
reduced and needs special equipment
to view them
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