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TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 1
Contents
7. Housing
7.1 Individual housing
7.2 Rack mounting
7.3 Terminal connections
2 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
1. Summary 2. Applications
The application of powerful microprocessors with MR- The stabilized earth fault current relay IRI1-ER serves as
and IR-relays of the HIGH TECH LINE provides a large a supplement for the transformer differential protection.
variety of advantages over power protection systems It allows for example implementation of a zero-current
of the traditional type. differential protection by integrating the star-point cur-
rent (IRI1-ER). With the view to its higher resistance to
The MR-protection relays are based exclusively on the disturbances from outside the protection area, it can
microprocessor technology. They represent our most ef- be set much more sensitively than the simple trans-
ficient generation of power protection systems. Be- former differential protection, in order to prevent false
cause of their capabilities to process measured values trippings.
digitally and to perform arithmetical and logical opera-
tions, they are superior to the traditional analog sys- The IRI1-ER can be used as:
tems. Zero-current differential protection of the star point
winding (restricted earth fault) of a transformer
Besides, the digital protection relays offer important (IRI1-ER), see figure 2.1
additional advantages such as very low power con- Highly stabilized differential current relay for alterna-
sumption, adaptability, possibilities for self-supervision, tors, transformers and motors (IRI-3ER),
flexible construction, selection of relay characteristics see figure 2.2
etc.
All relays of the HIGH TECH LINE are available for front
plate installation, as well as for 19 rack mounting.
Plug-in technology is used. Of course, all relays com-
ply with the IEC/DIN regulations required for the spe-
cific protection application.
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 3
3. Characteristics and features
4. Design
4.1 Connections
4 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
Fig. 4.2: Connection diagram IRI1-3ER
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 5
4.2 Front plate 4.2.1 LEDs
4.2.2 DIP-switches
The set of DIP switches on the front plate serves for set-
ting the tripping value for the differential current ID.
6 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
5. Working principle
The protection relay IRI1-ER is connected to the differ- The harmonics existing during a transformer saturation
ential circuit of the c.t.s as a current differential protec- and the DC-component are suppressed by a filter cir-
tion relay. When used as zero-current differential pro- cuit located in the input circuit of the relay; the filter cir-
tection (restricted earth fault), the relay (IRI1-ER) is to be cuit is adjusted to the mains frequency (50/60Hz).
connected acc. figure 2.1. When used as highly sta-
bilized differential current relay, the relay (IRI1-3ER) is The IRI1-ER has a single-phase differential current su-
to be connected acc. figure 2.2. pervision with an adjustable pick-up value. The current
measured in the differential circuit is constantly com-
The knee voltage UKn is an important characteristic of pared with the set reference value.
the transformer.
The transformer does not work linearly anymore above Measuring principle IRI1-ER
this voltage. Two transformers of the same class still The analog current signals are galvanically decoupled
show the same behavior below UKn within the scope of via the input transformer and are led over a low pass
their precision class. Above UKn they can, however, with subsequent band-pass for suppression of the har-
show very different saturation behavior. monics, then rectified and compared with the set ref-
erence value of a comparator. In case the current
Connected in a differential current circuit an apparent measured exceeds the reference value, an instantane-
fault current can thus be measured at large primary ous tripping takes place (figure 4.1).
current intensity which really results only from the dif-
ferent saturation of both transformers. The IRI1-3ER has a three-phase differential current su-
pervision with adjustable pick-up value. The currents
An additional stabilizing resistor RST counteracts this ef- measured in the individual differential circuits are con-
fect. It attenuates the current flow through the measur- stantly compared with the set reference value.
ing device. This way the unsaturated transformer drives
part of its current into the saturated transformer and Measuring principle IRI1-3ER
minimizes the faulty differential current effect on secon- The analog current signals are galvanically decoupled
dary side. By small currents the stabilizing resistor ef- via three input transformers and led over a low pass
fects however also the accuracy of the real fault cur- with subsequent band-pass for suppressing the harmon-
rent measurement. Because this effect lies in a liniar ics. Then rectified and compared with the set reference
range it can be taken into consideration mathmatically value of a comparator. In case one of the three cur-
by adjusting the protection device. rents measured exceeds the reference value, an instan-
(see para. 6.4). taneous tripping takes place (figure 4.2).
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 7
6. Operations and settings
The DIP-switch required for setting of parameters is lo- 6.3.1 Reset by pressing the <RESET>-
cated on the front plate of the relay. push-button
Code jumper 2
The tripping relay is coded latching, if no code jumper
is plugged in on coding place 2.
6.2.1 Indication of fault
The tripping relay can only be reset manually by press-
The fault alarm is shown by the LED ID on the front ing the <RESET> push button.
plate of the relay, which lights up red at tripping.
If the code jumper is plugged in on coding place 2,
Depending on the coding by means of the code the tripping relay is automatically reset after elimination
jumper (see chapter 6.3.2), the fault alarm extin- of the fault.
guishes automatically or after pressing the <RESET>
push button, after the fault is eliminated.
8 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
6.4 Calculation of the tripping current 6.4.1 Sample calculation - alternator
and the stabilizing resistance
Prior to setting the relay, the stabilizing resistance Rsr , An IRI1-ER protection relay is used for the earth-fault
as well as the tripping current Iset must be calculated. protection of an alternator. In the starpoint, the follow-
For the correct setting, the knee-point voltage in the ing c.t. is provided:
magnetizing circuit of the c.t. is of special importance.
In order to obtain a sufficient differential current for transformation ratio: 100/1A
tripping on account of internal faults, the knee-point class: 5 P 10
voltage Ukn of the transformer should be twice as high output: 2.5 VA
as the maximum expected stabilizing voltage US in secondary resistance
case of faults from outside the protection zone. From of the transformer: <0.7
this results the following calculation:
A primary-side fault current of 20% x IN shall be re-
UKn = 2 US = 2 IF, sek (RS + RL) corded. The secondary current is used for calculation.
Explanation:
Ukn knee-point voltage of the magnetizing circuit of Calculation of the knee-point voltage
the transformer
Us maximum stabilizing voltage in case of external If the knee-point voltage is not indicated by the manu-
faults facturer, as is the case in our example, the approxi-
If,sek maximum expected fault current (secondary- mate value can be calculated, as follows:
side) in case of external faults
RS secondary resistance of the transformer S kI . 10
25
RL Resistance of the connection line between c.t. Ukn = 25 V
IN 1
and relay
Explanation:
S output of the c.t.
The tripping current of the relay is then calculated, as
klu overcurrent factor of the c.t.
follows:
IN secondary-side rated current of the transformer
UKn
ID
2 RSr Calculation of the active resistances
2 RL + Rr + RS = 0.87
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 9
Calculation of the stabilizing resistance 6.4.2 Example calculation - transformer
The stabilizing resistance is calculated from above ra- An IRI1-ER protection relay is used for the earth-fault
tios, as follows: protection of a 1.6 MVA-transformer (11000/415 V,
6%), see figure 2.1. The following c.t.s are used in the
RSr = Rkreis (2 RL + Rr + RS) rigidly earthed starpoint:
= Rkreis 087
.
transformation ratio: 2 500/1A
= 61.6
class: X
resistance Rs: 8
In operational mode ID, the output requirement PN is
knee-point voltage: 250 V
as follows:
1600000 VA
If one neglects the transformer saturation, the following IF, prim = = 371
. kA
peak voltage UP occurs: 3 415 V 6 %
37100 A 1
US = ( 2 015
. + 8 + 0.01 ) = 1235
(
USS = 2 2 25 V (8187.5 V 25 V) ) . V
+0.5
= 128
. kV 2500
Take over of power by the resistor in the event of a The rating for the set current of 20% is calculated:
fault PF creates a short-term peak value. The actual
value is about half of it. ID = 20 % x IN = 0.2 x 1 A = 0.2 A
For above example, a stabilizing resistance of 62
with 13 kW/1.1 is required for the total earth-fault From this results the stabilizing resistance for:
period (f.ex.1 s tripping delay on account of gradua-
US
Rkreis = RSr =>
tion times of external protection equipment +100 ms . V
1235
= 617.5
(individual time of the switch = 1.1s). ID 0.2 A
10 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
In the event of a fault, the stabilizing resistance must
withstand a secondary-side false current of:
1600000 VA 1
IF, sek = = 1484
. A
3 415 V 6 % 2500
37.1 kA 1
Up = (8 + 2 015
. + 0.02 + 615 )
2500
= 925
. kV
(
USS = 2 2 UKn (Up UKn) )
+0.5
3 kV
(
USS = 2 2 250 V ( 9250 V 250 V) )
+0.5
= 424
. kV
ID = 40 % x IN = 0.4 x 1 A = 0.4 A
US
Rkreis = RSr =>
. V
1235
= 30875
.
ID 0.4 A
37.1 kA 1
Up = (8 + 2 015 . )
. + 0.02 + 30875
2500
= 47
. kV
(
USS = 2 2 250 V ( 4700 V 250 V) )
+0.5
= 298
. kV
Since the requirement is met, the set values and the re-
sulting resistance values can be accepted.
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 11
7. Housing
The IRI1-ER can be supplied in an individual housing By using 2.8 x 0.8 mm tabs a bridge connection be-
for flush-mounting or as a plug-in module for installation tween different poles is possible.
in a 19" mounting rack according to DIN 41494.
Both versions have plug-in connections. The current terminals are equipped with self-closing
Relays of variant D are complete devices for flush short-circuit contacts. Thus, the IRI1-ER-module can be
mounting, whereas relays of variant A are used for unplugged even with current flowing, without endan-
19 rack mounting. Housing variant A to be installed gering the current transformers connected.
in switchboards of protection class IP51. For switch-
boards of lower protection classes housing variant D The following figure shows the terminal block of
can be used. IRI1-ER:
5
For case dimensions and cut-out refer to "technical
data". The individual housing is fixed with the supplied 6
9
7.2 Rack mounting
F
The IRI1-ER is in general suitable for installation in a
modular carrier according to DIN 41494. The installa-
tion dimensions are: 12 TE; 3 HE.
According to requirements, the IRI1-ER-devices can be Fig. 7.1: Terminal block of IRI1-ER
delivered mounted in 19" racks.
12 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
8. Relay testing and 8.2 Checking the set values
commissioning
Check the DIP-switch positions, in order to verify the
parameterized set value. If necessary, the set value
The following instructions should help to test the protec-
can be corrected by means of the DIP-switch.
tion relay performance before or during commissioning
of the protection system. To avoid a relay damage
and to ensure a correct relay operation, be sure that: 8.3 Secondary injection test
the auxiliary power supply rating corresponds to the 8.3.1 Test equipment
auxiliary voltage on site
ammeter of class 1 or better
the rated current and rated voltage of the relay cor-
respond to the plant data on site auxiliary power supply with a voltage correspond-
ing to the rated data on the type plate
the current transformer circuits are connected to the
relay correctly single-phase AC-power supply (adjustable
from 0 - 2.0 x IN)
all signal circuits and output relay circuits are con-
nected correctly test leads and tools
potentiometer
switching device
8.1 Power On timer
NOTE!
Prior to switch on the auxiliary power supply, be sure 8.3.2 Example of a test circuit for a
that the auxiliary supply voltage corresponds to the IRI1-3ER-relay
rated data on the type plate.
For testing the IRI1-3ER-relay, only power signals are
Switch on the auxiliary power supply to the relay (ter- required. Fig. 8.3.1 shows an example of a test circuit
minal C9/E9) and check that the LED ON on the with adjustable power supply. The phases are tested
front plate lights up green. individually one after the other.
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 13
8.3.3 Checking the pick-up and tripping
values (IRI1-ER)
With the IRI1-ER, the analog input signal of the single- The resetting value of the differential current pick-up
phase testing AC must be supplied to the relay via the value is determined, by slowly decreasing the testing
terminals B1/B2 for checking the pick-up value ID. AC, until the output relay ID is tripping. The LED ID ex-
tinguishes (supposed the respective coding was ef-
For testing the differential current pick-up value, first the fected).
testing AC must be set below the set pick-up value Id.Then
the testing AC is increased gradually, until the relay is Check that the resetting value is not lower than 0.97
trips. This is indicated by the LED ID lighting up red, times the pick up value, i.e. the resetting ratio of the
with the relay tripping at the same time. Check that the differential current supervision is below 1.
value shown at the ammeter does not deviate by more
than +/- 3% from the set pick-up value ID . Note: An external timer must be used for checking the
tripping time (individual time of the relay).
The resetting value of the differential current pick-up
value is determined, by slowly decreasing the testing
AC, until the output relay ID is trips. The LED ID extin- 8.4 Primary injection test
guishes (supposed the respective coding was ef-
fected). Principally, a primary injection test (real-time test) of a
c.t. can be carried out in the same way as a secon-
Check that the resetting value is greater than 0.97 dary injection test. Since the cost and potential haz-
times the pick up value, i.e. the resetting ratio of the ards may be very high for such tests, they should only
differential current supervision is below 1. be carried out in exceptional cases, if absolutely nec-
essary.
With the IRI1-3ER, all analog input signals of the sin- Maintenance testing is generally done on site at regu-
gle-phase testing AC must be supplied to the relay via lar intervals.These intervals may vary among users de-
the terminals B1/B2; B3/B4; B5/B6 one after an- pending on many factors: e.g. type of protective re-
other for checking the pick-up value ID. lays employed; type of application; operating safety of
the equipment to be protected; the users past experi-
For testing the differential current pick-up value, first the ence with the relay etc.
testing AC must be set below the set pick-up value
Id.Then the testing AC is increased gradually, until the For static relays such as the IRI1-ER/-3ER, mainte-
relay is trips. This is indicated by the LED ID lighting up nance testing once per year is sufficient, as experience
red, with the relay tripping at the same time. Check has shown.
that the value shown at the ammeter does not deviate
by more than +/- 3% from the set pick-up value ID .
14 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
9. Technical Data
Rated data:
Nominal current IN 1A/5A
Nominal frequency fN 50/60 Hz
Permissible interruption of
the supply voltage without
influence on the function 50 ms
Dropout to pickup ratio: >97%
Returning time: 30 ms
Minimum operating time: 30 ms
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 15
9.5 System data
Design standard:
Generic standard: EN 50082-2, EN 50081-1
Product standard: EN 60255-6, IEC 255-4, BS 142
Mechanical tests:
16 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
Overvoltage class: III
Please note:
A distance of 50 mm is necessary when the units are mounted one below the other in order to allow easy
opening of the front cover of the housing. The front cover opens downwards.
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 17
10. Order form
18 TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E
Setting list IRI1-ER
Note !
All settings must be checked at site and should the occasion arise, adjusted to the object / item to be protected.
Relay functions:
Setting of parameters
Code jumper J1 J2 J3 J4
Default Actual Default Actual Default Actual Default Actual
setting setting setting setting setting setting setting setting
Plugged X X
Not plugged not used not used
TB IRI1-ER 02.97 E 19
Woodward SEG GmbH & Co. KG
Krefelder Weg 47 D 47906 Kempen (Germany)
Postfach 10 07 55 (P.O.Box) D 47884 Kempen (Germany)
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 1
Internet
Homepage http://www.woodward-seg.com
Documentation http://doc.seg-pp.com
Sales
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 635 Telefax: +49 (0) 21 52 145 354
e-mail: kemp.electronics@woodward.com
Service
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 614 Telefax: +49 (0) 21 52 145 455
e-mail: kemp.pd@woodward.com