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InstructionsforVolumeFractionMeasurementinImageJ:AutomaticThresholdMethod

1. StarttheImageJsoftware.Usetheversioninstalledontheworkstationsinthelab.
2. OpenthemicrographtobeanalyzedinImageJ
3. Savetheimagetoanewnamesothatyoudonotaccidentallyoverwritetheoriginalimageas
analyzeit.
4. PrepareImageforParticleAnalysis
o Iftheimagehasascalebar,cropittoexcludethescalebar.
Highlightareatoretain
ImageCrop
Ifyousavethecroppedimage,makesureyoudidstep3first!
o Converttheimagetoan8bitimage
ImageType8bit
o Savetheimage.Onelastchancehere:Makesureyoudontoverwritetheoriginalimage!
o Adjustthethresholdforparticledetection.Usingthemenuslistedbelow,adjustthe
thresholdparametersuntilthephaseforwhichyouwishtodeterminethevolumefraction
isallred.Thegraybackgroundofyouroriginalimageshouldjustdisappearunderthered.
ImageAdjustThreshold
Usetheslidebarstocompletelycolorredthephaseofinterest,butnothingelse.This
stepfrequentlyrequiressomejudgmentandcompromise.Itmaybehelpfultoopenthe
originalimageinaseparatewindowtocomparetothethresholdedimageasyou
manipulatethethresholdsendbars.
PressApply.
Theimageshouldturnblackandwhite.
5. AnalyzeParticles/GrainSizeDetermination
Thesoftwareisgoingtodeterminewhatfractionoftheareaofthisimageisblack.
o Createaseparatefoldertosaveyourworkinatthispoint.Itmaybeprudenttosaveafew
examplesoftheanalysistoreferbacktoasyouattempttomakethebestmeasurementof
thevolumefractionofeachphaseinthemicrostructureyoucan.
o Runtheanalysis
AnalyzeAnalyzeParticles
Forthefirstattempt,setsizeas0infinity.Thiswillcounteachred/blackpixelas
apartofthephaseyouaretryingtomeasure.Selectingalargerminimum
resultsintheprogramincludingaparticleintheareafractionmeasurement
onlyifitscontiguousareaisgreaterthanthespecifiednumberofpixels
squared.
SelectShowOutlinesDisplayResults,ClearResults,andSummarize.
ThenclickOK

Theoutputwillappearitthreenewwindows.Thefirstisanimageinawindow
calleddrawingoffilename.Thesecondisatextboxthatcontainsnumerical
results.ThethirdisasecondtextboxcalledSummary..Studywhatisineach
windowcarefullytoseewhatinformationisprovidedbeforeyoucontinue.

Iterateonthestepsabovetodetermineavolumefractionmeasurementyouare
confidentin.
Runningnewanalyzeswillresultinthesoftwarereplacingtheimageinthe
drawingwindoweachtime,sobesuretosaveanyimagesyouwanttosave.The
newresultsareaddedtothebottomofthetextwindoweachtimeananalysisis
run.Besuretodocumentinyournotebookwhatthesettingswerethatresulted
ineachmeasurementthatappearsinthetextwindowandhowconfidentyou
areinthatparticularanalysis.
Besuretosaveacopyofthedrawingofthetestresultsfromthefinalanalysis
youacceptasbeingasgoodasyoucanget.
Ifthesampleappearstocontainaprimaryphase,aprecipitatedphase,oraeutectic
component,usethemethodsabovetoestimatethevolumefractionoftheprimary
phaseorprecipitatedphase.Onewaythatmightworkistofiddlewiththeparticlesize
definitionstogetthesoftwaretocountonlyverylargeorverysmallparticles..
Theresultswindowrecordsallofthedatapointsusedtodeterminethevolumefraction
ofthephase.Thesummarywindowrecordstheareafractionofthephaseofinterestfor
each.
Savetheresults/summarydatayouwanttokeep.
CheckSetFileExtensionandsetitto.xlstosavetoanexcelfileyoucanwork
withlater.
6. Enterthesamplecomposition,theresultsofyourquantitativeanalysisofthemicrostructure,
andanycommentsyouwanttomakeintheclassdataset.Ifyouaredonefirst,pleasesetupa
spreadsheetfortheclassdata.
7. Pickoneortwoimagesthatyouthinkshowthemicrostructureofthesampleparticularlywell
andaddthemtothefinalimagesfolder.Makesurethealloycompositionisnotedinthefile
name.

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