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SchematicEntryandPCBlayout
Inthislabyouwillbeusingaprogramtoenteraschematicandlayoutaprintedcircuitboard(PCB)thatwillthenbemanufactured.Atthispointofthesemesteryou
don'tknowenoughtodesignyourowncircuit,soIamgivingyouonethatwewilluseagainlaterinthesemester.Theprogramthatwewillbeusingtodotheschematic
entryiscalledMultisimandtheprogramforthePCBlayoutiscalledUltiboardThislabwillserveasanintroductiontoschematicentryandPCBlayout.

TheLab

SchematicEntry
Startingout

Step1.ThesoftwareforthislabshouldbeonanyofthePC'sinroom310,312or212ofHicks.Logontooneofthecomputersandstarttheprogramcalled"MultiSim"
(itisinthe"NationalInstruments/CircuitDesignSuite"programgroup).Theschematicdefinesalltheinterconnectionsbetweenvariouscircuitelements.

First,we'lladdatitleblocktoidentifytheschematicasyourown.NowdownloadthefileSwatTitleBlock.tb7andthenfromtheMultiSimmenuchoosePlaceTitle
Blockandchoosethatfile.Placethetitleblockontoyourschematic.Afterplacingit,youcanrightclickonthetitleblocktomoveitexactlyintoplace(e.g.,thelower
rightcorner).Nowdoubleclickonthetitleblockandchangethedataintheblocktoreflectyourcircuit.

SaveyourcircuitYoushouldsaveyourcircuitsomeplaceyoucanaccessitlater(i.e.,swatfiles,orGoogledrive...).FilesstoredonthelocalPCmaybedeleted.
Also,havingthefilesstoredremotelyallowsyoutoworkonyourdesignfromanyofthePC'srunningMultisim.Makesurethatthefilenameisuniquesome
permutationofthenamesofthepeopleinthegroupisgood.Youwillbeemailingmeyourdesignlateron,andauniquenamewillhelpmekeepyourdesignfrombeing
confusedwithanother.

PickingComponentsfortheSchematic

Step2.Atthispointwewanttopickthecomponentsthatwillbeinyourdesign(acircuitthatflashesLED's)andputthemontheschematicdiagram.Goto
PlaceComponentandselectthe"Corporate"database,thenselectthe"Basic"group,the"LED"familyandfinallyselectthe"LEDR"asthecomponentbyhittingthe
"OK"button..Ifyoucan'tfindoneoftheparts,hitthe"Search..."buttonontherightsideofthedialogboxthisshouldmakethemissingpartsappear.

Placethecomponentanywhereonthediagram.ThiscomponentisanLED(LightEmittingDiode).

Therestofthecomponentsarelistedinthetablebelow.TheyareallintheCorporatedatabase.Notethatsomecomponentsareusedmorethanonce,soyouneedto
placemultiplecopies.

Quantity Group Family Component Description.

1 Basic LED LEDR ThisLEDiscontrolledbyaPMOStransistor.
4 Basic LED SWhiteLED_LCW6SG 4LED'scontrolledbyanNMOStransistor.
UsedtolimitthecurrentthroughtheLED'sandsetfrequencyof
3 Basic Resistor 680Ohm
oscillation.
1 Basic Resistor 2kOhm Setsfrequencyofoscillation.
2 Basic Resistor 120Ohm LimitscurrentinwhiteLED's
1 Basic Resistor Potentiometer Adjustsfrequencyofoscillation.
2 Basic Capacitor 0.01uF
UsedbytimerIC(555)thatmakesLED'sblink.
1 Basic Capacitor 100uF
1 Analog FUN S555_SOIC TheIntegratedcircuitthatblinksthelights.
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3 Misc Connector SHDR1x2 Allowsdis/connectionbetweentwopoints

5 Misc Connector STestPnt Atestpointthatwillbeusefulfordebugging.
1 Sources Battery Battery_9V A9voltbattery.
1 Transistors NMOS SIRFD024 NMOSTransistor(notearrowpointsinward,towardstransistor)

NextyouneedtoplacesomecomponentsfromtheMultiSimdatabase.GotoPlaceComponentandchoose"Database:MultisimMasterGroup:SourcesFamily:
POWER_SOURCESComponent:Vcc

PlacetwoorthreeVccsymbolsonyourschematic.AlsoplacetwoorthreeGROUNDsymbolssymbolsfromthesameDatabase,GroupandFamily.Asyouaredoing
yourdesignuseasmanyorasfewofthesepowersymbolsasyouneedtomakeaneatdrawing.

Yourschematicshouldnowlooksomethinglikethecircuitshownbelowbutwith.Yourpartnumbersmaybedifferent,andIhaverenamedsomeofthecomponents
(Selectcomponent,RightClick,thenPropertiesLabelRefDes)youshoulddothesame.IalsochangedthedefaultvoltageofVccto9V
(PropertiesValueVoltage(V)).Youcanalsochoosewhichinformationisdisplayed(PropertiesDisplay)

Step3.Nowyouneedtomakealltheconnections.Letsstartwithsomesimpleones.

Firstwewillconnectthebattery.Thejumperlabeled"JPwr"isusedason/offswitch(ifjumperisacrosspins,thebatteryisconnecttoVcc,elseitisnot).Wealso
connectthetestpointandthemountingholetoground.

Completetherestoftheconnectionsasshowninthediagrambelow.Yourdiagrammaylooksubstantiallydifferentthanmine,dependingontheplacementofyour
parts.Neatnesscountsmakeyourdiagramasneataspossible.Note,wiresthatcrossbutdon'thaveanintersectionsymbol(adot,asshownabove)arenottouching.
IfyouneedtoaddajunctiontomakeaconnectionyoucangotoPlaceJunction.(pdfversionofcircuit)

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Important:Doublecheckallyourconnections.Haveonememberofyourgroupreadoffconnectionsfrommydiagramwhileanotherchecksitagainstyourown
diagram.Thissoundtedious,buttakeslittletime.Anyconnectionsthatgetfabricatedincorrectlyaremuchmoredifficulttochangelateron.

SelectatracethatisconnectedtoVcc,rightclickonitandchoosePropertiesPCBSettingsTracewidthsDefaultandsetitto20mils.Repeatforgroundandthethe
wirebetweenJPwrandthe9voltbattery.Thiswillsetthetracewidthsforthepowerlinesontheprintedcircuitboardtobesomewhatbroaderthanthesignallines.

Saveyourschematic.

PCBLayout
Step4.FromMultisim,saveyourschematic.NowgotoTransferTransfertoUltiboard.Savethefilesthatarecreatedinthesamedirectoryyousavedyour
schematic.Hit"OK"onthe"ImportNetlist"window.Yourwindowshouldlooksomethingliketheonebelow:

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Step5.Theobjectsatthetopoftheboardarethecomponentsthatformyourcircuit,thelargeyellowrectangleisthecircuitboard.Thecircuitboardislargethanwe
want.Tomakeitsmaller,selectthe"Layers"tabinthelowerleftcornerandselect"BoardOutline".Nowusethecursortoselecttheyellowrectangle,thenrightclick
andchoose"Properties".Changethewidthto2360mils(thousandthsofaninch)andtheheightto2150milstodefineaboardthatis2.36x2.15inches.(Note:youmustuse
exactly2.36x2.15becauseallboardsmustbethesamesizebecausetheyarefabricatedinarectangulararray.)

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Step6.Movethecomponentsontotheboard.Exactlocationisnotimportantexceptforthefollowing:
Note:ifyouhavetroublewhenyoutrytohavepartsoverlapyoumayhavetodisable"PartShoving"(thisisoneoftheoptionsunderthe"Design"tabonthemenu).

1.Thebatteryshouldbeatthefarrightoftheboard.
2.Selectthe555(U1inmydesign)andthe4whiteLED's(L1throughL4)andrightclick,OrientationSwapLayertoputthemontheothersideoftheboard(their
colorshouldchangetoapinkish/salmon).
3.The4whiteLED'sshouldbenearthemiddleoftheboard,andallfourshouldhavethesameorientation(i.e.,thetriangleshouldbeinthesamedirectionforall
fourdiodesdon'trotatethem).
4.Allthetestpointsshouldbeneartheedgeoftheboardwewillbeconnectingscopeleadstothemlaterinthesemester.

AgeneralruletofollowistoplacecomponentsthatareassociatewitheachotherontheschematicneartoeachotheronthePCBlayout,tominimizetracelengthsandto
makeroutingthewiresontheboardeasier.

Neatnesscountsinyourboardlayoutaswellasintheschematics.Youmaywanttomovecomponentlabelstomakethediagramclearer.Also,rotatingcomponents
oftenmakesconnectionsmoredirect.Circuitconnectionsareshownbytheyellowlinescalled,appropriately,theratsnest.Notethatjudiciousplacementofpartscan
significantlysimplifytheratsnest(andresultingPCB)asanexampleseehowC1,JSlowandC2arelaidout,aswellasR1,R4andR7.Note,also,thepinkcomponents
onthebackoftheboard.

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Now,addsometext.Thelightbluetextonthediagramsisthesilkscreenlayer,itwillshowupaswhitetextonthemanufacturedboard.Hitthe"Layers"tab(asyoudid
toselecttheboardoutline).Nowselectthelayerlabeled"SilkscreenTop"andaddsometexttotheboard.GotoPlaceGraphicsText.Youshouldaddsometext
thatwilluniquelyidentifyyourboard(likeyourname).Mycompletedlayoutisshownlater.

MostoftheconnectionsonourPCBwillbe10mils(1mil=1/1000inch),butthepowerconnections(withsomewhathighercurrents)willbe20milsyousetthesetrace
widthsintheschematiceditor.

Step7.Nowletssettherulesfortheboards.GotoEditProperties.

1.Gotothe"CopperLayers"tabandset"LayerPairs"to1.Wewillhavetwocopperlayers,oneontopoftheboard,andonebelow.Moreelaborateboardscanbe
madewithseverallayersembeddedwithinthePCboarditself.Hit"Apply".
2.Gotothe"DesignRules"tabandsetthe"ViasDrillDiameterto28mil".Alsosetthe"ViasPadDiameterto40".Aviaisaconnectionthatismadetogeta
coppertracefromonesideoftheboardtoanotherviaaholedrilledintheboard.Hit"Apply".

Saveyourdesign.

Step8.Allthatisleftistomakeconnections.TodothatgotoAutorouteStart/ResumeAutorouter.IThismaytakeafewseconds(acomplicatedlayouttakeslonger,
andmayultimatelyfail).Gotothe"results"tabandmakesurethatallconnectionsweremade.Ifnot,seeifyoucandeterminewheretheproblemis.Tolaydowna
traceofyourownselectthelayer("Top"or"Bottom")fromthe"Layers"pane.GotoPlaceFollowMeanddrawthetracesasneeded.Ifyouhavedifficultygettingall
connectionsmade,comeseeme.

TomakesureallconnectionsaremadegotoDesignConnectivityCheck,andcheckallnets.Thetextinthe"Results"tabshouldsay"Connectivitycheckcompleted0
error(s),0warning(s)..."

Acompletedboardisshownbelow.

TomakesureeverythingwasproperlyconnectedgotoDesignNetlistandDRCCheck.(DRCstandsfor"DesignRuleCheck"thisensuresthatallthenetsare
connectedproperly,andthatalldesignrulesareobeyede.g.,thereissufficientspacingbetweentraces...).Ifyougetanyerrorsandcan'tfixthemyourself,please
contactmesowecanfigureoutwhatwentwrong.(Occasionallytwotracesareroutedtoocloselytogether,ifyougrabonewiththecursoryoucanusually"nudge"itto
maketheviolationgoaway).

AlsomakesurealltheconnectionsaremadewithDesignConnectivityCheckandcheckallnets.

Anymistakes(Netlist,DRCorConnectivity)willcomebacktohauntyou.Doublecheck(orhavemecheck)tomakesuretherearenoproblems.

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Finishingup
Tofinishup(duedateisonmoodlepage)

1.Sendmeanemailwithalistofthepeopleinyourlabgroup.
2.Savethreefilesonmoodle:
i.PrintacolorpdfofyourschematicfromMultisim.Saveacopytothemoodlepage.
ii.PrintacolorpdfofyourlayoutfromUltiboard.MakesureyouchoosetheoptionZoomOptionsFittoPageintheprintdialogbox.Choosethelayers
CopperTop
CopperBottom
SilkscreenTop
Saveacopyofthefiletomoodle.
iii.Alsoonthemoodlepage,uploadacopyofyourUltiboardfile.Itistheonewiththefilenameextension".ewprj".Makesurethatyousavethisfileafterthe
routing,andnotbefore.
3.Doublechecktomakesurethatyouhavesavedthe".ewprj".Ineedthisfiletogettheboardmanufactured.
4.Savecopiesoftheschematicandlayoutfiles,aswellastheprintout,foryourself.

Congratulations,youhavefinishedthefirstlab!BesuretoturneverythinginbyThursdayafternoon.Iwillsendthecircuitsouttobefabricatedovertheweekend.

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