Tuto~.ialGovernor.

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN PEMBUATAN

UTe M

BMFG 1833
ANSWER SCHEME: TUTORIAL - GOVERNOR

1. Figure 1 shows a Porter governor for which the speed range can b e varied b y
means of the auxiliary spring S. The spring force is transmitted to the sleeve by
the arm AB which is pivoted at A. The two balls each of mass 0.36 kg are
supported b y four links, CI, C2, C3 and C4, each 90 mm in length. The sleeve
carries a mass of 0.9 kg. The sleeve begins to rise when the balls revolve a t a
speed of 200 rev/min in a circle of 75 mm radius. The speed of the governor i s
not to exceed 220 rev/min when the sleeve has risen 10 mm from its original
position.Determine
( a ) the necessary stiffness of the spring, S
( b ) the tension in the link C i when the sleeve begin to rise
[Ans: 9 0 0 N/m, 13.9 N]

Figure 1
T ~ ~ t o ~Goi~ernor
~ial
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN PEMBUATAN
UTeM

lWtu&SA Figlire 6.4 (a) shows a Portcr govanlor for which tho s p d
3 rangc can be varipd by mat15 af [he wxiliary spring S. 'Tho spri~rgf o ~ ias
/ I ~ ~ n s m i t ttod thic BIWYO by the arm AR which 1s pjvoled at A. The two balk
each nf mas5 0.35kg arc .supprled by four links, C , , C , , C, and C,, each
75 mm in lenaih. Thr, slecw ~zttniesa mass af @ kg.!I
'Thc sleeve begins to rise when thc WTBrwQ'FEZt2IX)~tvtninin s circle t r l
75~1m radius, Thesped oTthc governor isnot to txcccd 220re781minwhen the
slegvc hae dseo 113 mib frbrh its original position,

ifiom2Lml*qp
A

5
2 s . .
I la) ' 5'
Fla. 6.4 ~ f i , --
, ,;:id] +- (d 1 $\
+, -,\ 'h?&\ W 3
IkLtrrninr;: {a) thenwezwys&Y'ness r ~ thr:springS,anrl
f (b]the tensionin thc
link C, wbon [lie sleeve k g n s to ris. -
'
----
(U.Land,)
S0l~tid~l~
IF the I'orce excrrcri by Ulegpsing S is P N,
thm farck an slccvc 3 $ P-- N
--
-,-- '
rT5crcforc
tomi load on r l c w c = f F +b-9 x 9.811- f P + 13-83N
fhclvwrr Grnk C12 win equilibrium uttder thcwntrif~irga[faraon the ball, F,
the wcighk of ~ h ball,
u 3.532 N, hnif the 14x46 ark L t a ~slccvs, 4 P -b 4415N,rhc
tension in hhc uppcr !ink C; and the Irorizontal rcactiun on ti^ skevc

-
Viking moments sbnrit I, Fag. 6-44 [Rj,
F x XZ 3.532 x 12; f*P i4-415) x l Y

i.~. I)IF(1395N2rh = jr - 0-C)3l(12-36+- Ck4.P)' i- . . (1)

Whrrn it' -- 2CM rev/min, r--Q0?5rn .
e~ld h=J(~09- ~ 0&31) -,DD?H
Tberefut% From cqua~ion(lj, P, = 2 0 4 5 N
220 rcyjrnin,
Wlxn ~sil-_. = 0.q73rn .
h = O.U~B)--~~.IOCIIS
-
add
.'. Trum equt~lion(81, P,
P' =
- J1~j~n91-c~j73~)
239.N
.t 0.03= o.rn~'26m
> ,-:

.^, spring stifrness = -----

Pt * P 2
51~cVr31ii8vcrnemt
.--2.34 -a-02@45
-
i'x f
- 863njm
Tzttorial Goverr~or
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN PEMBUATAN
UTeM

A governor of the Proell type i s shown diagrammatically, with certain

dimensions, in Figure 2. The central load acting on the sleeve has a mass of 25
kg and the two rotating masses each have a mass of 3.2 kg. When the
governor sleeve is in mid-position, the arm AB of the cranked lever ABC is
vertical and the radius of the path of rotation of the masses i s 175 mm.
If the governor speed is to be 160 rev/min when in mid-position, find:
a. The length of the arm AB, and
b. The tension in the link BD.
Neglect friction.
[Ans: (a) 0.0638 m (b) 192.5 N]

Figure 2
Agorcmor of tRc Prodl type is $howrbiagmmmtim8ly, with
ns, in Fie. 6.6{~wr),
The ccnt~a1load ading om the steve has a
Tzitorial Governor
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN PEMBUATAN
UTe M

. mass sf25 kg and thc two rotating masses.c a d hare u issass uT3-2kg.W e n She
,' governor slc~b:r(:

1
is i5 mid-posi 'an, the arm AB of the m~.rkedlewr ABC js
v e d i d m d the radius of dl: p th of rotatiun af the RIG%% is 175 mm.
: l r lire goverilor speed ir to $T. 160 r,ctwjrnin whcn in mid-positinn, find:
(8) tl~c length of tile a m A& nTd (b) @ tensioa in thc link BD.
Neglect friction, 1 (TJ. Innd.)
I
Safurlon d
: Inking momcnb abput I. Fig- 46 (h),

3. In a Hartnell governor, the length of the ball arm i s 1 9 0 mm, that of the sleeve
arm i s 140 mm, and the mass of each ball is 2.7 kg. The distance of the pivot
of each ball-crank lever from the axis of rotation i s 170 mm, and the speed,
when the ball arm i s vertical, is 3 0 0 rev/min. The speed i s to increase 0.6 per
cent for a lift of 12 mm of the sleeve.
a. Neglecting the dead load on the sleeve, find the necessary stiffness of
the spring and the required initial compression.
b. What spring stiffness and initial 'compression would b e required if the
speed is to remain the same for the changed position of the sleeve.
[Ans: (a) 1 1.1 7 kN/m, 0.1 1 m (b) 9 8 3 0 N/m, 0.1 25 m]
Tt~toriolGovernor
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN PEMBUATAN
UTeM

Fr3- ti. 1 1

Sol'tdion
Let P be the form cnerked by !be spring and f:bc the cf31ktifkqpI for& on ullc:
Enall. fllen, taking moments about 0, Fig, 6.11, ; . ..

*
For a 0% per cent inmeax in speedi,

p2 - Pl
.'. spring sti[hsss .
.I A -.. w
cumpressinn of spring
initial spriy farm 1230 -
-. .-. - -
-.hitjecl m p & n =
stiffness 11160 --
Far isachmnisrq the quilihium s p e d ren~aifismostant for all radii of
rotation. If P, a d II, an: thc spring forces fcri hbranjsrn companding to
mdii nf rnt~1im-anf 0.4 f. m rank 0.1Rkt m r ~ r r ~ ; r ~ * f i r .

1349 - 1231'
.', spring stiffness = . - = 9830 N/m
0.012