Thelson VCE Unit 4 Chemistry Trial Examination - Final

THELSON:2011VCEChemistryUnit4TrialExaminationQuestionandAnswerBooklet
THELSON
TRIALEXAMINATION2011

CHEMISTRY

WRITTENEXAMINATION2

QUESTIONANDANSWERBOOKLET

READINGTIME:15minutes
WRITINGTIME:1hour30minutes

STUDENTNAME:______________________

TEACHERSNAME:_______________________

STRUCTUREOFBOOKLET:

NUMBEROFQUESTIONS
SECTION NUMBEROFQUESTIONS MARKS
TOBEANSWERED
A 20 20 20
B 7 7 70
Total90marks

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MaterialsSupplied
Questionandanswerbookletof25pages
DataBookletof11pages;useVCAAdatabook
Instructions
Pleaseensurethatyouwriteyournameandyourteachersnameinthespaceprovidedon
thisbooklet.
AllwrittenresponsesmustbeinEnglish.
StudentsareNOTpermittedtobringmobilephonesand/oranyotherunauthorisedelectronic
devicesintotheexaminationroom.
SECTIONA:MULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS
InstructionsforSectionA
Answerallquestionsinpencilontheanswersheetprovidedformultiplechoicequestions.
Choosetheresponsethatiscorrectorthatbestanswersthequestion.
Acorrectanswerscores1,anincorrectanswerscores0.
Markswillnotbedeductedforincorrectanswers.
Nomarkwillbegivenifmorethanoneansweriscompletedforanyquestion.
Question1
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEinregardstoactivationenergy?
A. Inanexothermicreaction,theactivationenergyismorethantheenergyreleasedwhenthenew
bondsform.
B. Activationenergyistheamountofenergyreleasedwhennewbondsform.
C. Thefractionofmoleculesabletoovercometheactivationbarrierchangeswiththetemperature.
D. Theactivationenergyforanendothermicreactionwillbethesameastheactivationenergyofthe
reversedreaction.
Question2
Thevalueofanequilibriumconstant,K,foraparticularreactionisfoundto4.6.Whichofthefollowingis
themostlikelyscenarioofthereaction?
A. Thesolutionisprimarilymadeupofreactants.
B. Thesolutionisprimarilymadeupofproducts.
C. Thesolutionismadeupofasignificantnumberofbothreactantsandproducts.
D. Thescenariocannotbedeterminedwithoutfurtherinformation.
Question3
Forthereactiongivenbelow,thevalueoftheequilibriumconstant,K,is8.
2A+3B 2C+4D
Assumingthesameconditionsarekept,anotherreactionisrun:
4C+8D 4A+6B
ThevalueofKforthisnewreactionwouldbe:
A. 16
B. 64
C. 0.125
D. 0.0156
Questions4and5refertothefollowinginformation.
AlsoknownastheHaberProcess,acommonequilibriumreactionisshown:
3 2 H 92.22 kJ mol
Question4
Assumingequilibrium,whichofthefollowingscenariosWOULDNOTresultinanetforwardreaction?
A. additionofH2reactant
B. decreaseinvolume
C. decreaseintemperature
D. additionofAr(g)
Question5
Inaseparatereaction,3molofN2and3molofH2isaddedtoa2Lvesselandissealed.Afteraperiodof
time,inwhichitisdeemedtobeatequilibrium,theconcentrationofNH3is0.5molL1.
Theequilibriumconstantforthisparticularreactionisclosestto:
A. 0.05
B. 0.50
C. 5.00
D. 50.0
Question6
NuclearFissionisanalternativemethodtoproduceenergy.Itsadvantagesinclude(butarenotlimitedto)
beingabletoproducelargeamountsofenergythatisstoredwithinthenucleusofanatom,andhavingan
environmentalimpactlessthanthatofburningfossilfuels.
Whichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribestheprocessofnuclearfission?
A. measuringthehalflifeofcertainelementstodeterminetheirradioactivedecay.
B. bombardinglargeatomswithneutronsinordertobreakaparttheirnuclearforce.
C. reactingtwolighternucleiinordertoformasingle,heaviernucleus.
D. excitingnucleitohigherenergylevelsinordertogathertheheatproducedwhenphotonsareemitted.
Question7
BiochemicalFuelsareoneofthemanyrenewableenergysourcesthatarebecomingincreasinglypopularas
apossiblesourceofenergyforthefuture.
Whichofthefollowingisnotatypeofbiochemicalfuel?
A. methane
B. ethanol
C. octane
D. methylstearate

Thehydrogenoxygenfuelcellisbecominganattractiveoptionforportableenergygenerationinthenear
distantfuture.
Question8
Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectcombinationofthecharacteristicsofthehydrogenoxygenfuelcell?
Fuel Oxidant Whichismoreefficient?

(fuelcell/coalpowerstations)
A. hydrogen oxygen coal
B. hydrogen oxygen fuelcell
C. oxygen hydrogen coal
D. oxygen hydrogen fuelcell
Question9
WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueforordinaryfuelcells?
A. Allfuelcellsusehydrogenasafuel.
B. Allfuelcellsconsistofanelectrolytematerialthatissandwichedbetweentwoelectrodes.
C. Allfuelcellshaveaninputfuelthatpassesovertheanodewhereitsplitsintoionsandelectrons.
D. Allfuelcellswillruncontinuouslyaslongasfuelissupplied.
Question10
Forthefollowingreaction;
2 ; 57
Whichofthefollowingalternativesiscorrectwhenthetemperatureincreasesabove25C?
pOH(ofpurewater) IonisationConstantofWater(Kw)
A. Increases Increases
B. Increases Decreases
C. Decreases Increases
D. Decreases Decreases
Questions11referstothefollowinginformation.

Areactionbetweenhydrochloricacidandbariumhydroxideisshownbelow.
2 2

Question11
TheresultantpHwhen50.0mLof1.00MHClisaddedto50.0mLof0.500MBa(OH)2is?
A. 0.6
B. 1.7
C. 7.0
D. 12.7
Question12
Inanotherreaction,a100mLsolutionoftheabovemixtureisfoundtohaveapHof4.Whatvolumeof
watermustbeaddedtoraisethepHto6?
A. 0.9L
B. 2.0L
C. 9.9L
D. 10.0L
Question13
ElectrorefiningofCopperisacommonindustrialpracticetoremoveimpuritiesfromwhatisknownas
BlisterCopper.
WhichofthefollowingsubstancesinblistercopperisNOToxidisedattheanode,giventhatthepotential
differenceexertedacrossthetwohalfcellsisjustenoughtocauseoxidationofcopper?
A. silver
B. copper
C. zinc
D. nickel
Question14
Thedepositionofalayerofmetalonthesurfaceofanothermetalbyelectrolysisisknownas
electroplating.
Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectstatementregardingtheobjectbeingplatedinthisprocess?
A. Itisactingasthenegativeelectrode,andisthecathode.
B. Itisactingasthenegativeelectrode,andistheanode.
C. Itisactingasthepositiveelectrode,andisthecathode.
D. Itisactingasthepositiveelectrode,andistheanode.
Anelectrolyticcellwasconstructed,andatthecathodethefollowinghalfequationforthedepositionof
aluminiumatomsisshown:
Al 3e Al

After10seconds,amassgainbythedepositionofaluminiumontheelectrodewas0.81g.
Question15
Assumingnomassislostduringthisreaction,thechargepassedthroughthecelloverthe10secondsis
closestto
A. 2.5C
B. 87C
C. 2900C
D. 8700C
Question16
Asecondcellisconstructedusingthesameapparatus,howeverthistimethecurrentishalved.
Whatmasswouldbedepositedifthesamereactionoccurredfor5minutes?
A. 0.405g
B. 4.050g
C. 12.15g
D. 24.30g
Question17
PhosphoricAcid(H3PO4)isacommoncatalystanddehydratingagent.Sinceitisatriproticacid,the
followingreactionsoccur;
1:
2:
3:
Outofthesereactions,whichwouldpossessthehighestKavalue?
A. Reaction1
B. Reaction2
C. Reaction3
D. Unabletobedeterminedwithoutfurtherinformation
Question18
Accordingtothefollowingreaction;
; 176kJmol1
Theamountofenergythatwouldbeproducedif30.0gofNH3isreactedcompletelywithexcessHClwould
beclosestto
A. 176J
B. 176,000J
C. 311,000J
D. 0.311J
Questions19and20refertothefollowinggalvaniccells.
Astudentisgiventwogalvaniccellsbyhisteacher,asshownbelow.Thestudentstaskistocorrectly
determinetheidentityofthe3elementsX,YandZwhichrepresentrealelementsusedinthe
constructionofthesetwogalvaniccells.

Question19
Onthebasisofthepolarityoftheelectrodesshownabove,whichoneofthefollowingreactionswouldnot
beexpectedtooccurspontaneously?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Question20
Inordertodeterminewhateachoftheelementswere,thestudentsetupanothersetofgalvaniccells(at
298K,1.0mol1solutionsand1atm).Hethoughtthatifhecoulddeterminethestandardcellpotential
differences,hecoulddeterminetheidentityofhisunknownmetals.Unfortunately,hisvoltmetercould
onlygiveapproximatereadings.Thesereadingsareasshown:
X&Z=0.500.70V
Y&Z=0.050.25V
WhichofthefollowingcouldbetheidentityofXandYrespectively?
A. zinc,nickel
B. tin,iron
C. manganese,magnesium
D. magnesium,calcium
InstructionsforSectionB
Answerallquestionsinthespacesprovided.
Toobtainfullmarksforyourresponsesyoushould
givesimplifiedanswerswithanappropriatenumberofsignificantfigurestoallnumericalquestions;
unsimplifiedanswerswillnotbegivenfullmarks.
showallworkinginyouranswerstonumericalquestions.Nocreditwillbegivenforanincorrect
answerunlessitisaccompaniedbydetailsoftheworking.
makesurechemicalequationsarebalancedandthattheformulasforindividualsubstancesincludean
indicationofstate;forexample,H2(g);NaCl(s)

Question1
OntheplanetEcorus,ammonia(NH3)ispresentasaliquid,andinthisplanettheroleofammoniais
analogoustothatofwateronEarth.Likewater,ammoniacanundergoautodissociationasperthe
followingequation:
2NH3(l) NH4+(am)+NH2(am)
Kam=[NH4+][NH2]=1.0x1022(atambienttemperature)
The(am)statereferstoasubstancedissolvedinammonia,analogousto(aq)forwater.
Inthisplanet,pHandpNH2aredefinedaslog10[NH4+]andlog10[NH2]respectively.Assumethatthe
speciesarepresentatambienttemperature.
a. Whatistherelationshipbetween[NH4+]and[NH2]inneutralammonia?

1mark
b. Therefore,statethepHofneutralammonia.
1mark
Supposewedissolvewater(whichexistsasasolidinthisplanet)intoammoniatoformasolution.
c. Explainwhywateractsasanacidwhendissolvedinammoniabyreferringthebehaviourofammonia
whendissolvedintowateronEarth.
1mark
Wateractsasaweakacidinammonia.IgnoreanypossibilityofOHactingasanacid.
d. WriteabalancedequationforthereactionbetweenwaterandammoniainEcorus.Includestatesin
youranswer.
2marks
e. WriteanexpressionfortheKaofwaterinammoniaintermsoftheconcentrationsoftheappropriate
species.Donotusethesymbol[H+].
1mark
10

TheKaofwaterinammoniais1.8x105atambienttemperature.

f. DeterminethepHofthesolutionif4.25gofpuresolidwaterisdissolvedin475.0mLofpure
ammonia,withboththesolutionandthewateratambienttemperature.

3marks

g. Writethreeassumptionsthatyoumadeinthecalculationperformedinpartf,andjustifywhythese
assumptionsarevalid.

3marks
Total12marks
11

Question2
When0.01gofthesparinglysolublesaltsilverchlorideisinsertedinto100.0mLwatertoformasaturated
solution,itsaqueousphaseestablishesequilibriumwithitssolidphaseasperthefollowingequation:
AgCl(s) Ag+(aq)+Cl(aq) H=+82kJ/molat298K
Kspisanequilibriumconstant.Thefollowingrelationholdsforasaturatedsolutionofsilverchloride:
Ksp=[Ag+][Cl]=1.6x1010M2.
ThesolubilityofAgClistheconcentrationofAgCl(aq)inmolL1whenanexcessofsolidsilverchlorideis
mixedwithpurewatertoformasaturatedsolutionofAgCl,wheretheaqueousandthesolidphasesarein
equilibrium.
a. WhatisthesolubilityofAgClinmolL1?
2marks

b. A0.20gblockofsodiumchlorideisdissolvedintothis100.0mLmixtureofAgClandwater.Themass
ofthesolidisobservedtoincrease.Explainthisobservation.
2marks

12

A1.00x105gsampleofpureAgClwasaddedto50.0mLofwater,thena50.0mLaliquotof2.00x102M
sodiumchloridewasaddedtothismixture,andequilibriumwasestablished.
c. CalculatethefinalmassoftheAgClprecipitate.Stateanyreasonableassumptionsthatyoumake.

4marks
d. Wouldanincreaseintemperaturefrom298KincreaseordecreasethesolubilityofAgCl?Explainyour
answerusingequilibriumprinciples.

2marks
Total10marks
13

Question3
At698Khydrogenandiodinegasestablishesequilibriumwithhydrogeniodideasperthefollowing
equation:
H2(g)+I2(g) 2HI(g)
AclosedcontainercontainsamixtureofH2,I2andHI(allinthegaseousphaseat698K),whichisinitiallyat
equilibrium.Thefollowingchangesaremadeinthefollowingorder:
adecreaseinvolumeatconstanttemperatureat2minutes
injectionofasampleofHI(g)intothereactionmixtureat10minutesatconstantvolume
Thesystemreestablishesequilibriumbeforethesecondchangeismade.
a. Ontheaxesbelow,thereactionratetimeandconcentrationtimegraphs.Labeltheaxesandlines
drawn.Include:
therateoftheforwardandbackreactionsintheratetimegraph
theconcentrationsofeachspeciesintheconcentrationtimegraph
Ratetimegraph Concentrationtimegraph

4marks
14

b. Explainthechangeintheratetimegraphat10minutesusingcollisiontheory.
2marks
Total6marks

15

Question4
Circlethechemicalthatyouhavestudiedthisyear.
ammonia ethene sulfuricacid nitricacid
Belowisatableofthereactionconditionsofthereversiblereactions:
Chemical ammonia ethene

Reversible N2(g)+3H2(g) 2NH3(g) C2H6(g) C2H4(g)+H2(g)
Reaction(s) H=92kJ/mol H=+138kJ/mol

C3H8(g) C2H4(g)+CH4(g)
H=+81kJ/mol

Conditions T=773K T=10231173K
P=250atm P~1atm
excessreactantisnotused(for productisconstantlyremoved
economicreasons)
removalofproduct
catalystisferricoxide,aluminium
oxideandpotassiumoxide
Chemical sulfuricacid nitricacid

Reversible 2SO2(g)+O2(g) 2SO3(g) Reaction1
Reaction(s) H=198kJ/mol 4NH3(g)+5O2(g) 4NO(g)+6H2O(g)
H=907kJ/mol

Reaction2
2NO(g)+O2(g) 2NO2(g)
H=114kJ/mol
Note:rateofreaction2increaseswith
adecreaseintemperature.
Conditions T=723K Reaction1
P~1atm T=10931203K
excessoxygenisused P>1atm
removalofproduct excessoxygenisused
catalystisvanadium(V)oxide productisconstantlyremoved
catalystPt/Rh

Reaction2
T=303K
P>1atm
productisconstantlyremoved
16

a. Inashortparagraph,describethereasonsforwhythereversiblereaction(s)thatoccur(s)duringthe
productionofyourchemicalisgenerallydoneunderthespecificconditionsoutlinedabove.Referto
boththerateofreactionandthepositionofequilibriuminyouranswer.
6marks
b. Nametwousesofyourselectedchemical,andoutlinehowitschemicalpropertiesmakeitsuitablefor
theseuses.
4marks
Total10marks

17

Question5
Ammoniumnitrate(NH4NO3)isachemicalwithmanyuses.Itisanexplosive,butitcanalsobeusedinice
packs.Dissolutionofammoniumnitrateinwaterresultsinadecreaseinthetemperatureofthewater.
a. Explainwhetherthedissolutionofammoniumnitrateinwaterisendothermicorexothermic,basedon
theinformationgivenabove.
1mark
A0.243gsampleofammoniumnitratewasdissolvedin200.0gofwaterinasolutioncalorimeter.The
temperatureofthewaterdecreasedfrom296.41Kto296.14K.
b. Determinetheheatofdissolutionpermoleofammoniumnitrateusingthespecificheatcapacityof
wateronly(4.18Jg1K1).
2marks
18

Anotherwaytodeterminetheheatofdissolutionofammoniumnitrateinwaterisbycalibratingthe
solutioncalorimeter.Acurrentof3.10Awaspassedthroughasecondidenticalcalorimeter(also
containing200.0gofwater)for30.0secondsatavoltageof6.00V.Thetemperatureofthecalorimeter
anditscontentsincreasedfrom294.32Kto296.41K.Another0.243gsampleofammoniumnitratewas
dissolvedinthewaterinthecalorimeter,andthetemperatureofthecontentsagaindecreasedfrom
296.41Kto296.14K.
c. Determinethecalibrationfactorofthiscalorimeterandusethistorecalculatethemolarheatof
dissolutionofammoniumnitrate.
3marks
d. Whichofthecalculatedvaluesfortheheatofdissolutionismoreaccurate?Explainyouranswer.
1mark
ConsiderthereactionNH4NO3(aq)NH4NO3(s).
e. Determinetheheatoftheabovereactionpermoleofammoniumnitratebasedonyourcalculations
performedinthisquestion.Usethemoreaccuratevaluethatyoucalculated.
1mark
Total8marks
19

Question6
Consideragalvaniccellwiththefollowingspecifications:
Halfcell1: Halfcell2:
Pbelectrode Nielectrode
2+
1.00MPb solution 1.00MNi2+solution
- Saltbridgeismadeoutofaqueouspotassiumnitrate.
- Thehalfcellsareconnectedtoavoltmeter.
- Thetemperatureofthecellis298K.
a. Sketchadiagramoftheabovegalvaniccell.Indicate:
thespeciespresentineachhalfcellandthecompositionofeachelectrode
thecathodeandtheanode,andtheirpolarities
thedirectionoftheelectronflow
thedirectionoftheflowoftheionsinthesaltbridge
4marks
20

b. Writedown:
i. abalancedoverallequationfortheredoxreaction
ii. thestandardelectrodepotentialofthecell(ECELL)

1+1=2marks
Thestandardpotentialdifference(ECELL)betweentwohalfcellsisthepotentialdifferencebetweenthe
twohalfcellsunderstandardconditions.Theactualpotentialdifferencebetweenthetwohalfcells(ECELL)
variesaccordingtotemperatureofthehalfcellsandtheconcentrationoftheionicspecies;itmayormay
notbeequaltoECELL.
c. Isthestandardpotentialdifference(ECELL)equaltotheactualpotentialdifference(ECELL1)betweenthe
abovetwohalfcellswiththeabovespecifications?Explain.

1mark
21

Nowconsiderthisgalvaniccell(Cell2).
Halfcell1: Halfcell2:
Pbelectrode Nielectrode
2+
0.100MPb solution 2.00MNi2+solution
- Saltbridgeismadeoutofaqueouspotassiumnitrate.
- Thehalfcellsareconnectedtoavoltmeter.
- Thetemperatureofthecellis304K.
d. Isthestandardpotentialdifference(ECELL)isequaltotheactualpotentialdifference(ECELL2)between
thetwonewhalfcellswiththeabovespecifications?Explain.

1mark
ThepotentialdifferenceofthenewhalfcellcanbecalculatedusingtheNernstequation:
ECELL=ECELL log
whereRistheuniversalgasconstant,TisthetemperatureinKelvin,FisFaradaysconstant.
e. Determinethepotentialdifference(ECELL)betweenthetwohalfcellsinthesecondgalvaniccell.
2marks
22

Asolutionof0.100MPb2+and2.000MNi2+wasmadeup,andanadequatenumberofnickelandcopper
granulesaddedtothismixture.Themixtureisatatemperatureof304K.Thissolutioncanbeviewedas
havingapotentialdifferencebetweenthereactantsandtheproductswhichisinitiallyequaltothe
potentialdifferencecalculatedinparte.Astheredoxreactionproceeds,thepotentialdifferencebetween
thereactantsandtheproductsdecreasesto0Vandthentheconcentrationsoftheionicspeciesremain
constant.
AtECELL=0V,thereactionmixtureofNi2+andCu2+isinequilibrium.
f. UsingtheNernstequation,determinetheequilibriumconstantofthereactionwritteninpartbiat
304K.
2marks
g. Hence,calculatethefinalconcentrationsofNi2+andCu2+inthemixture.
2marks
Total14marks
23

Question7
Electrorefiningisatechniquetopurifysolidmetalsviaelectrolysis.Oneelectrodeiscomprisedofathin
sheetofpurecopper,whilsttheotherelectrodeiscomprisedoftheimpurecoppersample.After
electrolysisoccurs,thecopperfromtheimpurecoppersampleisdepositedontothepuresheet.
Belowisanincompletediagramoftheapparatususedforelectrorefining.Notethatthedirectionof
electronflowisgiven.
a. Completethediagramoftheapparatususedforelectrorefining.Label:
theanodeandcathode,andtheirpolarities.
theelectodewiththepurecoppersample,andtheelectrodewiththeimpurecoppersample
thecationspresentinsolution
directionofelectronflow
4marks
24

Thereareothermetalspresentintheimpurecoppersamplethatbehaveuponelectrolysisaccordingto
theirreactivity.
b. Circlethemetalsthataremorereactivethancopperunderstandardconditions.
Ni Fe Pb Co Au Sn Zn Ag
1mark
c. Whathappenstothemetalsyouhavecircledduringelectrolysis?
1mark
d. Whathappenstotheuncircledmetalsduringelectrolysis(i.e.metalslessreactivethancopper)?
1mark
Theinitialmassoftheimpurecoppersampleactingasanelectodeis1.00g.Thetechnicianperformingthe
electrorefiningmadeamistakeinswitchingtheterminals,sothatcopperfromthepuresheetwasbeing
depositedontotheimpurecoppersample.The3.00Acurrentwasrunfor2.00minutes.Afterthe2
minutes,thereisstillcopperremainingonthethinsheet.
d. Whatisthefinalmassoftheimpuresampleofcopper?
3marks
Total10marks
ENDOFQUESTIONANDANSWERBOOK
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THELSON:2011VCEChemistryUnit4TrialExaminationQuestionandAnswerBooklet

Fuel Oxidant Whichismoreefficient?

AgCl(s) Ag+(aq)+Cl(aq) H=+82kJ/molat298K

ammonia ethene sulfuricacid nitricacid

Chemical ammonia ethene

Chemical sulfuricacid nitricacid

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