DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the work presented in this Report entitled BROADBAND

SERVICES, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree of

Bachelor of Technology in Electronics & Communication Engineering, submitted to

Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, is an authentic record of my own work carried

out during the period from January, 2017 to June, 2017 under the guidance of Ms.Nisha,

A.P. in ECE Department, PDM college of Engineering, Bahadurgarh.

SAHIL RIKHI

4883965

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 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled Broadband services submitted by SAHIL
RIKHI, School of Electronics Engineering, Maharshi Dayanand University, for the award
of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering,
is a record of bona fide work carried out by him under my supervision, as per the MDU
code of academic research ethics.

The content of this report have not been and will not be submitted either in part
or in full, for the award of any other degree or diploma in this institute or any other
institute or university. This thesis fulfills the requirements and regulations of the
University and in meets the necessary standards for submission.

Ms. Nisha Mr. Yogesh Juneja

(Project guide) (HOD, ECE Deptt.)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am delighted to express my heartily and sincere gratitude and indebtedness to my

project guide Ms. Nisha, Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics &

Communication Engineering, PDM College of Engineering, Bahadurgarh, Haryana for its

invaluable guidance, valuable advice and wholehearted cooperation. His continuous

inspiration, timely help and constructive criticism has made me complete this Project.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. YOGESH JUNEJA, HOD (ECE), for his

helpful support during the working phase of the project.

Many thanks to all faculty members and staff of the department for their continuous

support in completion of my project work.

SAHIL RIKHI

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 ABSTRACT
Today everyone wants high-speed data, dependable voice service, and high-quality

video. Currently, these services are being delivered by digital subscriber line (DSL),

cable modems or through wireless. Fiber-based networks in general evolved in response

to consumer demand for a vast assortment of multimedia services and applications. In

order to meet this demand, service providers need a robust, broadband networking

solution such as fiber technology, which offers unlimited bandwidth and the flexibility to

meet customer demand for two-way, interactive, video-based services. Fiber to the Home

(FTTH) is a unique technology being deployed by MTNL for the first time in India.

Fiber to the home (FTTH) broadband connections, refer to fiber optic cable connections

for individual home, offices and residences. It is based on optical fiber communication

and can deliver a multitude of digital information such as telephone, video and data more

efficiently than conventional copper coaxial cable. A key benefit of FTTH is that it

provides far faster connection speeds and more carrying capacity than twisted pair

conductors, DSL or coaxial cable. Fiber to the home is the only technology with enough

bandwidth that fulfils the demands of the customers, present as well as in future. In

India, Fiber to the Home (FTTH) is deployed by MTNL. In this report internet services

provided by MTNL are studied and also the methods of fault rectification have been

described.

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 CONTENTS
Declaration ii
Certificate iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
List of Figures viii
List of Table ix

List of Symbols and Abbreviations x

Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 History of MTNL.....1
1.2 Various services provided. .............1
1.3 Joint ventures...3
Chapter 2: MTNL Broadband.
2.1 Technologies used in broadband services. . ....4
2.2 Advantages of DSL technology. . ......4
2.3 Types of DSL technology.....5
2.3.1 Asymmetric digital subscriber line(ADSL)...5
2.3.1 ADSL 2.7
2.3.3 G.Lite7
2.3.4 SDSL8
2.3.5 IDSN DSL8
2.3.6VDSL9
2.4 Principle used in ADSL.................................................9
2.5 Advantages and disadvantages of ADSL10
Chapter 3: Network architecture of broadband.
3.1 Broadband network operating center........11
3.1.1 Tri band and its components...11
3.1.2 DSLAM....12

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 3.1.3 T2 and T1 switches...14
3.2 BRAS.......15
3.3 RADIUS...........16
3.3.1 Concept of AAA............17
3.4 Gateways and firewall .......18
3.4.1 Gateway.......18
3.4.2 Firewall....18
Chapter 4: MPLS network operating center.
4.1 Introduction. . ....20
4.2 MPLS services.......22
4.3 MPLS security features .23
Chapter 5:Internet department
5.1 IP address classes. . ........25
5.2 Network devices....26
5.3 Networking protocols. ...28
5.3.1 Spanning tree protocol. .28
5.3.2 Post office protocol....29
5.3.3 Trivial file transfer protocol....29
5.3.4 VLAN trunking protocol.. 29
Chapter 6: Data center department.
6.1 How complaints are handled for the broadband? .. ... ....32
Chapter 7 MTNL FTTH
7.1 Introduction...38
7.2 Need of FTTH in India............ 41
7.3 Various fiber services provided by MTNL.........41

Conclusion.....44
Reference.......45

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Fig no. Title Page

2.1 Digital subscriber line 5

2.2 ADSL bandwidth. 6

3.1 Network architecture of broadband. 11

3.2 Erricson DSLAM 12

3.3 Tyre 1 and Tyre 2 switches 14

3.4 Physical Connections 14

3.5 BRAS Functioning. 15

3.6 ATM Virtual path and virtual channel connection 16

3.8 Firewall. 19

4.1 MPLS network topology(Delhi) 21

4.2 MPLS backbone network. 22

4.3 Delhi-Mumbai MPLS connectivity. 22

4.4 Internet VPN. 23

5.1 Ethernet hub. 26

5.2 Network switch. 27

5.3 Router 28

5.4 VTP 30
7.1 FTTH Architecture. 38

7.2 MTNL FTTH Network 40

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table no. Title Page

5.1 IP address classes 25

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 ABBREVIATIONS

OXC- Optical cross connect.

FTTB- Fiber to the building.

FTTCab- Fiber to the cabinet.

ADM- Add drop multiplexer.

WDCS- Wideband digital cross connects.

VoIP- Voice over internet protocol.