U.P.

GOVERNMENT UNDERTAKING
(A UNIT OF UPRVUNL)
3X210 MW, ATPS + 2X500 MW, BTPS
ANPARA SONEBHADRA

ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE DIVISION III

VOCATIONAL TRAINING REPORT

( 10.07.2012 To 06.08.2012 )

GUIDED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

( Vivek Kumar ) ( Sanjay Kr. Gupta )

Assistant Engineer Executive Engineer
EMD-III (ATPS)
ANPARA SONBHADRA

SUBMITTED BY:
VIRENDRA PRATAP SINGH
B.TECH IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Roll No.- 0909040126
IEC COLLAGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
NOIDA
 CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

INTRODUCTION

UTTAR PRADESH RAJYA VIDYUT UTPADAN NIGAM

LIMITED
ANPARA THERMAL POWER STATION

PRIMARY SOURCE OF ENERGY

TURBO-GENERATOR ( 210 MW )

TURBO-GENERATOR ( 500 MW )

UNIT OVERVIEW

GENERATOR COOLING & SEALING

TURBINE OIL SYSTEM

HIGH PRESSURE HEATER

LOW PRESSURE HEATER

CONDENSATE SYSTEM

EXCITATION SYSTEM & AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE

REGULATION
PRIMARY FAN

INDUCED DRAUGHT FAN

FORCED DRAUGHT FAN

INDUCTION MOTOR

3-PHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

3- PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

GENERATING TRANSFORMER ( G. T.)

UNIT AUXILLARY TRANSFORMER ( UAT )

AUXILIARY SUPPLY FOR THERMAL POWER

STATION
DIRECT CURRENT SYSTEM

SWITCH GEAR AND SWITCH YARD

CURRENT TRANSFORMER

33 /11 KV SUB STATION

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere gratitude to Er. SANJAY GUPTA, Executive

Engineer, EMD-III, ATP, Anpara Thermal Power Project , Uttar Pradesh
Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited for having allowed me to carry out
Four weeks Vocational Training at this power station under able guidance of
Engineers & Staff.

I take my opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude to

Er. SANJAY GUPTA for his active cooperation and kind consideration for
extending me infrastructure facilities of the plant.

I would like to thank Er. VIVEK KUMAR, Assistant Engineer,

EMD-III, ATP, Anpara Thermal Power Project , Uttar Pradesh Rajya
Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited for successful completion of my training
under the able control & guidance.

Date _______________ VIRENDRA PRATAP SINGH

B.TECH - IIIrd Year
Place _______________ BRANCH - MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
 UTTAR PRADESH RAJYA VIDYUT UTPADAN NIGAM LIMITED
Uttar Pradesh Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited (UPRVUNL) was
constituted on dated 25.08.1980 under the Companies' Act 1956 for construction of
new thermal power projects in the state sector. The first Thermal Power Station
constructed by UPRVUNL was Unchahar Thermal Power Station of 2X210 MW
capacity and it was transferred to NTPC on dated 13.02.1992. On dated 14.01.2000,
in accordance to U.P. State Electricity Reforms Acts 1999 and operation of U.P.
Electricity Reforms Transfer Scheme 2000, U.P. State Electricity Board, till then
responsible for generation, transmission and distribution of power within the state of
Uttar Pradesh, was unbundled and operations of the state sector thermal power
stations were handed over to uprvunl.

Today it is looking after operations of five thermal power plants located in different parts of
U.P., with a total generation capacity of 4082 MW with planting facility as follows.

NAME OF INSTALLED CAPACITY DERATED CAPACITY TOTAL CAPACITY

POWER
STATION

ANPARA, 3X210 MW 3X210 MW = 630 MW 1630 MW

SONEBHA
DRA 2X500 MW 2X500 MW = 1000 MW

OBRA, 2X50 MW 2X50 MW = 100 MW 1382 MW

SONEBHA
DRA 3X100 MW 3X94 MW = 282 MW

5X200 MW 5X200 MW = 1000 MW

PANKI, 2X110 MW 2X105 MW = 210 MW 210 MW

KANPUR

PARICHHA, 2X110 MW 2X110 MW = 220 MW 640 MW

JHANSI
2X210 MW 2X210 MW =420 NW

HARDUAGANJ, 1X55 MW 1X55MW = 55 MW 220 MW

ALIGARH
1X60 MW 1X60 MW =60 MW

1X110 MW 1X105 MW = 105 MW

TOTAL UPRVUNL GENERATION CAPACITY 4082 MW

 Anpara Thermal Power Station
PLANT LOCATION THE ANPARA PROJECT SITE IS
LOCATED NEAR VILLAGE ANPARA ON THE BANK OF
RIHAND RESERVOIR IN THE DISTRICT OF SONEBHADRA,
U.P. IT IS ABOUT 34 KM FROM RIHAND DAM ON PIPRI-
SINGRAULI ROAD AND ABOUT 200 KM FROM VARANASI.
VARANASI IS CONNECTED BY AIR/RAIL AND ROAD ROUTE
FROM OTHER MAJOR CITIES.

ABOUT GENERATING UNITS AT ANPARA THERMAL POWER STATION

ALL THE UNITS OF THIS STATION ARE COAL FIRED THERMAL POWER PLANTS, HAVING A
TOTAL GENERATING CAPACITY OF 1630 MW AND CONSISTS OF FOLLOWING UNITS

STAGE UNITS ORIGINAL DERATED DATE OF FIRST ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT

NO. CAPACITY CAPACITY COMMISSIONING MANUFACTURERS

1. 1. 210 MW 210 MW 24.03.1986 M/S BHARAT HEAVY

ELECTRICALS LTD.
2. 210 MW 210 MW 28.02.1987 M/S BHARAT HEAVY
ELECTRICALS LTD.
3. 210 MW 210 MW 12.03.1988 M/S BHARAT HEAVY
ELECTRICALS LTD.
2. 4. 500 MW 500 MW 19.07.1993 M/S MITSUBISHI
CORPN. JAPAN
5. 500 MW 500 MW 04.07.1994 M/S MITSUBISHI
CORPN. JAPAN

THE COAL TO ALL THESE UNITS IS FED FROM KHARIA, KAKRI AND BEENA OPEN COAL
MINES OF NCL, BY MEANS OF A MARRY-GO-ROUND SYSTEM, MAINTAINED BY UPRVUNL
 INTRODUCTION

The role of Electricity in Modern Technology is that of an extremely versatile

intermediary. Although energy is seldom directly available in electrical form
and ultimately it is seldom required in electrical form, yet conversion of other
forms of energies into electrical energy is a common practice.

The chief advantages of this conversion of another forms of energies into

electrical energy is common practice. That energy in electrical form can be
transmitted, controlled and utilized with relative, simplicity, reliability and
efficiency. Energy conversion devices are required first to convert energy in
non-electrical form to energy in electrical form and then to convert electrical
energy into the desired useful form such as light, heat, sound or mechanical
energy. Thus energy conversion devices are needed at both ends of the
electrical system.

One typical example is a generation electrical energy a thermal power

station & then transmission, distribution over lines and finally conversion into
electrical energy by an electrical motor for final use. Another example is the
Conversion of sound energy into electrical energy at the talkers end it
transmission in electrical form over lines and then its final conversion to
sound waves at the listeners ends.

We are concerned here with the thermal energy conversion process which
takes place through the medium of the electric or magnetic field of the various
conversion devices operate on similar principles, there structure depend upon
their function.
THERMAL POWER PLANT
COMPLETELY DEPENDS ON
PRIMARY SOURCE OF
ENERGY FOR ELECTRICITY
GENERATION -
1. COAL
2. WATER
3. OIL
4. AIR

STEAM GENERATES ABOVE PRIMARY SOURCE OF

ENERGY.
 A.T.P.S. , ANPARA

TURBO GENERATOR - (210MW)

MAKE:- BHEL
RATING:- 210MW
POWER FACTOR: - 0.85
STATOR: -18750V
9050 AMP
ROTOR:- 310 VOLT
2600 AMP.
SPEED:- 3000 RPM
FREQUENCY:- 50 HZ
PHASE:- 3
CONNECTION:-YY
COOLANT:- WATER & HYDROGEN
INSULATION CLASS:- B
TYPE:- THW-210-2
SPECIFICATION:- EC-34-834-3
DIVISION:- HARIDWAR
 BTPS, ANPARA

TURBO-GENERATOR

TYPE - TCDF
RATING- 589 MVA
RATED OUTPUT- 500 MW
RATED SPEED- 3000 RPM

STEAM CONDITIONS-
INITIAL PRESSURE- 169 KG/CM2
INITIAL TEMPERATURE- 538 oC
REHEAT TEMPERATURE- 538 oC
EXHAUST PRESSURE- 76.6 MM HG(ABS.)
FIRST SYNCHRONIZATION- 19 / 07 / 1993

A.C. GENERATOR-
PHASE- 3
TYPE- TAKS
FORM- LCH
POLES- 2
KVA- 589000
RPM- 3000
VOLTS- 21000
AMPERE- 16194
FREQUENCY- 50 HZ
RATING- CONTINUOUS
GAS PRESS- 4.2 KG/ CM2
POWER FACTOR- 0.85(LAG.)
INLET COOLANT TEMPERATURE- 48 oC
RATED FILLED VOLTS- 392
FIELD AMPERE- 4810
STATOR TEMPERATURE RISE- 72 oC
FIELD TEMPERATURE RISE- 62 oC
STAR CONNECTION- Y
PERMISSIBLE OVERSPEED-3600 RPM
STATOR INSULATION CLASS- F
ROTOR INSULATION CLASS- F
STANDARD SPECIFICATION- IEC 34-1-1983
CONDENSATE SYSTEM

CONDENSER-

The functions of condenser are:-

1. To provide lowest economic heat rejection temperature for the

steam. Thus saving on steam required per unit of electricity.

2. To convert exhaust steam to water for reuse thus saving on feed

water requirement.

3. Deaeration of make-up water introduced in the condenser.

4. To form a convenient point for introducing make up water.

 TURBINE OIL SYSTEM

PURPOSE OF OIL SYSTEM- The Turbine Oil system fulfills four

functions are:-
1. Provides a supply of oil to the journal bearings to give an oil
wedge at the shaft rotates.
2. Maintain the temperature of the turbine bearings constant at the
required level. The oil does this by removing the heat which is
produced by the shaft conduction, the surface friction and the
turbulence set up in the oil.
3. Provides a medium for hydraulically operating the governor gear
and controlling the steam admission valves.
4. Provides for hydrogen-cooled generators a sealing medium to
prevent hydrogen leaking out along the shaft.

OIL SPECIFICATION (210MW/LMV TURBINE OIL)

1. Recommended Oil
A) Turbineoil14
B) Mobil DTE medium

2. A) Specific gravity at 50oC 0.852

B) Kinematics viscosity at 50oC 28 cs
C) Neutralisation number 0.2
D) Flash point 201 oC (min)
E) Pour point -6.6 oC (max)
F) Ash percentage by weight 0.01%
G) Mechanical impurities Nil
 GENERATOR COOLING & SEALING
COOLING- An efficient cooling and ventilating system is needed to keep
the temperature of the windings and other components of the generator
resoling due to various loses, below certain limits depending upon the
insulation. The cooling system shall also ensure that no excessive hot spots
occur at the windings/core.
Hydrogen cooling system:- It mainly comprises of gas control stand with
manifolds for CO2 and hydrogen gas, an induction liquid indicator, a drier
unit, hydrogen control panel, gas purity measuring and indicating
instruments, valves and necessary instruments required for controlling the
inter-connecting piping etc.

The system is capable of performing the following functions:-

1. Filling and purging out of Hydrogen safely without bringing any contact
with air.
2. Automatic maintenance of Hydrogen gas pressure inside the generator
housing within the prescribed limit.
3. Indication to the operator about the condition of the gas inside the
generator i.e. its pressure, temperature and purity.
4. Continuous circulation of gas inside the generator and through a drier in
order to remove any water vapour that may be present in it.
5. Indication of liquid level in generator and alarm in case of high level.

SEALING- The rotor shaft ends of the hydrogen cooled generator are
brought out of the gas tight and pressure resistance stator enclosure.
Therefore, the means are provided to prevent hydrogen gas leaking out and
the air ingress into generator through the shaft glands. This is achieved by
providing radial and axial oil film, the oil being kept at higher pressure than
that of hydrogen. As long as seal oil pressure in the annular gap in more than
the hydrogen gas pressure in the generator, no hydrogen will escape from the
generator housing. The shaft seals are supplied with the same oil as used in
turbine and generator journal bearing.
 HIGH PRESSURE HEATER

The feed water flows through the tube spirals and is heated by bied
steam around the tubes in the shell of the heaters. These heaters are
cylindrical vessels with welded dished ends and with integrated,
desuperheating, condensing and subcooling sections. The internal
tube system of spirals is welded to the inlet and outlet headers. As
there are no flange ends the chances of tube leakages are less in this
type of heaters. In order to facilitate assembly and disassembly,
rollers at the side of the heater have been provided. Both feed water
and steam entries and exists are from the bottom end of the heater.

LOW PRESSURE HEATER

The heater is of horizontal surface type consisting of two halves, each

half has been located inside the upper part of each condenser. The
two halves have been installed in parallel. The steam to both is
supplied from the same extraction point.

The housing for the heater is fabricated from M.S. Plates with
suitable inlet and drain connections. The tube plate is of mild steel
and is secured to the water box and housing by means of studs and
nuts. U shaped tubes have been used to ensure independent
expansion of tubes and the shell. They are of solid drawn admiralty
brass, 19 mm external dia, 1mm and 0.75 mm thick and are expanded
by rolling into the tube plate at facilitate drawal for tube replacement
and maintenance. Partitions mild steel plates have been provided for
supporting the tubes at intermediate points and effective distribution
of heat load in all the zones of the heater.
EXCITATION SYSTEM & AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION
The Electric power generates require direct current excited magnets
for their field system. The excitation/field systems must be reliable,
stable in operation and must respond quickly to excitation current
requirements. When excitation control is by a fast acting regulator,
the excitation system response will depend chiefly on the exciter.

STATIC EXCITATION SYSTEM (210 MW)-

In order to maintain system stability, it is necessary to have fast
excitation system for large synchronous machines which means the
field current must be adjusted extremely fast to changing operational
conditions. Besides maintaining the field current and steady state
stability, the excitation system is required to extend the stability
limits. Due to above reasons, static excitations is preferred and in this
all components are solid state and no moving parts.

The required excitation power is taken from the generator itself

supplied to the converter via Step Down Transformer and through the
field breaker to the generator field. For operational reliability fully
controlled thyristors bridges are split into number of separate blocks.
Static excitation system can be designed without any difficulty to
achieve min. response ratio which is required by the system. The
response ratio of the order of 3 to 5 can be achieved by this system. A
block diagram of this system shown in figure.

Static Excitation Equipment broadly consists of the following-

1. Rectifier Transformer
2. Thyristor Rectifier Banks
3. Excitation start up and field discharge equipment
4. Regulator and Operation control circuit
 PRIMARY FAN

These are the large high-pressure fans which supply the air needed to
dry and transport coal either directly from the coal mills to the
furnace or to the intermediate bunker. These fans may be located
before or after the milling equipment. The most common applications
are cold primary air fans, hot primary air fans and pulverizes
exhauster fans.

INDUCED DRAUGHT FAN

Induced draught fans evacuate combustion products from the boiler

furnace by creating sufficient negative pressure to establish a slight
suction in the furnace. As such these fans must have enough capacity
to accommodate any infiltration caused by the negative pressure in
the equipment down stream of the furnace and by any seal leakage in
air heaters.

FORCED DRAUGHT FAN

Forced draught fans supply air necessary for fuel combustion and
must be sized to handle the stoichiometric air plus the excess air
needed for proper burning of the specific fuel. In addition, they
provide air to make up for air hater leakage and for some sealing air
requirements. F.D. Fans supply the total airflow except when an
atmospheric suction primary air fan is used.
 INDUCTION MOTOR

MAKE - BHEL
3PHASE - 5CAGE INDUCTION
A.C. MOTOR - 50 C/S
TYPE - MC 75288H4A1A
MAKERS NO.- 30178.A.401.01-6

STATOR - 6600V
132.20 A
1250 KW
COS - 0.88
EFFECIENCY - 94.00%
1480 RPM
ROTOR - ---- ---- 1980 YEAR

RATING - CONTINUOUS
INSULATION CLASS - F
SPECIFICATION - IS325-70
WEIGHT - 8660 KG

BEARING TYPE D.E. NU230

BEARING TYPE N.D.E.- 6230 + NU230
LUBRICANT - MOBILUX-2
MAX. STATOR TEMP. RISE BY RESISTANCE - 90 oC

SUPPLY - 1 PHASE A.C., 50 C/S

VOLTAGE - 240 V
CURRENT - 2.5 AMP.
CAPACITY - 560 WATTS
 3- PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

MAKE MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION

4060 KW POLE 04
TYPE I5KEGW FRAME 6301

HERTZ 5O HZ.

VOLT 6600 SEC.VOLT

AMPERE 410 SEC. AMP.

RPM - 1490
RULE IEC84

ROTOR CAGE RATING - CONTINOUS

INSULATION CLASS F

AMB. TEMPERATURE 50 oC
TEMP. RISE LIMIT ( E ) - 80 oC

POWER FACTOR 0.88

CONNECTION

IPW55-ICW67A81
SERIAL CGL050A0101
WEIGHT 11100 KG.
 3-PHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

MAKE - BHEL

VOLT - 6600
STATOR AMPERE - 1626
CONNECTION -

TYPE- AC142804647H
KW 1520
R.P.M. 993
MOTOR HZ. 50
EFFICIENCY 95.1%
P.F.-0.86
RATING CONTINOUS

INSULATION CLASS F

WEIGHT 14810 KG.

SERIAL NO. 32160 A- 401- 01-6

SPECIFICATION IS-325-78
 GENERATING TRANSFORMER ( G. T. )

STEP UP TRANSFORMER ( 15.75 / 400 K.V. )

TYPE OF COOLING OFAF , ONAN, ONAF

RATING HV & LV ( MVA ) - 250, 150, 100

NO LOAD VOLTAGE (H.V.) - 420 KV

NO LOAD VOLTAGE (L.V.) - 15.75 KV

LINE CURRENT H.V. (AMPS.)- 343.67

LINE CURRENT L.V. (AMPS.)- 9164.29

OIL TEMPERATURE RISE- 50 oC

TEMPERATURE RISE WINDING- 60 oC, 55 oC, 55 oC.

PHASE- 3
FREQUENCY- 50 HZ

CONNECTION SYMBOL - Y , N

CORE & WINDING- 148260 KG

WEIGHT OF OIL- 63100 KG
TOTAL WEIGHT- 288475 KG
OIL QUANTITY- 2520 LTRS

INSULATION LEVEL
H.V.- S1 1050, L11300, AC38
L.V.- LT 95, AC 38
 UNIT AUXILLARY TRANSFORMER ( UAT )

STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER ( 15.75 / 6.6 K.V. )

TEMPERATURE- 50 oC
MVA RATING- 16 MVA / 12.5
COOLING TYPE ONAF / ONAN

KV (0 LOAD)
INPUT -15.75
OUTPUT- 6.9

LINE AMPERE-
INPUT- 586.51 / 459.21 OUTPUT- 1338.78 / 1045.92

PHASE- 3 FREQUENCY- 50 HZ
IMPEDANCE VOLT 7.21% VECTOR DIAGRAM - DdO
OIL - 9190 LITER TOTAL LOAD- 38630 KG.
WEIGHT OF OIL- 7994 KG.
WEIGHT OF CORE & WINDING- 18250 KG.
TEMPERATURE OF WINDING- 55 oC
 AUXILIARY SUPPLY FOR THERMAL POWER STATION

Electrical supply system for Auxiliaries is the most important part of a thermal
power plant. The failure of even comparatively small equipment could result
in the station losing load or being put out of commission. So reliability of the
station can be no better than the reliability of its auxiliaries. The degree of
reliability should be considered in relation to the financial risk of forced
outages or damages to the part . It is, therefore, essential.
1. To use the most suitable equipment available.
2. To understand the functions of various components clearly in order to
make an intelligent choice of the equipment to be installed.
3. To select the best and reliable method of supplying power to auxiliaries
and the components.
4. To use simple layout with minimum number of inter-connections as it
gives reliability and flexibility in operation.
5. To choose the fundamentally safe installations and all these essential
features should be at the most economical cost minimum of maintenance
cost.

Types of Auxiliaries-
1. Boiler auxiliaries such as drafts fans, pulveriser mills, fuel and ash
handling facilities, feed pumps etc.
2. Turbo-generator and condenser auxiliaries such as circulating water
pumps, condensate pumps, seal and lub. Oil pumps, stator water pumps
etc.
3. Common auxiliaries- comprising compressors, overhead cranes, water
treatment plant equipment, service pumps, fire fighting, elevator,
lighting etc.

Auxiliary Load-
1. Unit rating
2. Heat cycle pressure and maximum flow of steam
3. Type of boilers
4. Type and treatment of Fuel
5. Circulating and feed water arrangement
6. Generator cooling system

DIRECT CURRENT SYSTEM

( SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF UNIT BATTERY )

In the Thermal Power Station D.C. Supply is required or

both during normal operations and emergency.

During Normal Period: DC supply is required for closing

and tripping of CKT. Breakers, control board indications,
control & instrumentation, communication &
Announciation system etc.

During Emergency Period: D.C. supply is required for

some key auxiliaries like T.G. lub. Oil pump, seal oil pump
for generator and also for other protections, relays, lighting
etc.

D.C. system comprises of following equipment and

distribution boards-
A) Battery Banks.
B) Local and Remote Trickle charger.
C) Local and Remote Quick charger.
D) D.C. Distribution Boards.
 SWITCH GEAR AND SWITCH - YARD

ISOLATOR - An Isolator is one which can break an electric circuit when the
circuit is to be switched on no-load. These are normally used in various circuit
for the purpose of isolation a certain portion when required for maintenance
etc.
Switching Isolators are capable of
(1) Interrupting Transformer magnetizing currents.
(2) Interrupting line charging current
(3) Load transfer switching.

EARTH SWITCHES- Earth switches are devices which are normally used to
earth a particular system to avoid any accident which may happen due to
induction on account of live adjoining circuit. These do not handle any
appreciable current.

CIRCUIT BREAKERS-
1. It must be capable of closing on to and carrying full load currents for
long period of time.
2. Under prescribed conditions, it must open automatically to disconnect
the load or some small overload.
3. It must successfully and rapidly interrupt the heavy current which flow
when a short circuit has to be cleared from the system.
4. With its contacts open, the gap must withstand the circuit voltage.
5. It must be capable of closing on to a circuit in which a fault exists and of
immediately re-opening to clear the fault from the system.
6. It must be capable of carrying current of short circuit magnitude until,
and for such time as, the fault is cleared by another breaker nearer to the
point of fault.
7. It must be capable of successfully interrupting quite small currents such
as transformer magnetizing current or line and cable charging currents.
 8. It must be capable of withstanding the effects of arcing at its contacts
and the electromagnetic forces and thermal conditions which arise due to
passage of currents of short circuit magnitude.

SULPHUR HEXFLUORIDE ( SF6 ) CIRCUIT BREAKER-

This type of circuit breaker is of similar construction to the dead tank bulk oil
volume type of circuit breaker, but the principle of current interruption is
similar to that of an air blast circuit breaker. It does not, therefore, represent a
new conception in circuit breaking but simply employs a new arc
extinguishing medium namely Sulphur hexafluoride ( SF6 ) gas.

The success of the circuit breaker depends solely on the high arc interruption
performance of this gas i.e. when it is broken down under electrical stress, it
will very quickly reconstitute itself. It is five times heavier than air and has
approximately twice the electric strength.

BUS BAR ARRANGEMENTS -

There are numerous schemes of bus bar arrangements. The choice of a

particular arrangement depends on various factors viz. System voltage
position of the sub-station in the system , flexibility, reliability of supply and
cost. In addition, the following technical considerations must be borne in mind
while deciding upon any particular arrangement.
1. Arrangement should be as simple as possible.
2. Maintenance should be easy without interruption of supply or danger to
the operating personnel.
3. Alternative arrangements should be available in the event of an outage
on any of the apparatus.
4. The layout should not hinder expansion and or augmentation as the load
grows.
5. The installation should be as economical as possible, keeping in view
the requirements and continuity of supply.
 CURRENT TRANSFORMER

The Primary of a C.T. consists of a few turns of

thick cross-section connected in series with the
high current line. Very often the primary is just one
turn formed by taking the line conductor through
the secondary winding. The secondary winding
consists of a large no. of turns of fine wire designed
for either 5A or 1A rating. Thus a Current
Transformer is Step-up Transformer. The Current
Transformer has the secondary effectively short-
circuited through the low impedance of the
ammeter. It measures the Current.

.
 33 /11 KV SUB - STATION

- 33 KV SUPPLY COMING FROM BINA SUB - STATION TO

E.M.D.-III, ATP, ANPARA SUB - STATION.

- In Sub-Station 33 KV supply converts into 11 KV by the help of Step-

Down Transformer.

- Then distribute 11 KV line by the help of Bus-bar, Bus coupler, Disc

insulator, Pin insulator etc.

- This 11 KV supply converts into 440 V or 240 V by the Step- down

Transformer for various using purpose.

- MAIN PURPOSE OF SUB-STATION -

TO CONTROL SUPPLY BY THE HELP OF CIRCUIT- BREAKER ,
ISOLATOR , EARTHING ETC.

- MEASURING DEVICE-
CURRENT TRANSFORMER - CURRENT
POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER - VOLTAGE