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SUMMARY
This paper has as main objective to design an simulate a heat exchanger of shell and tubes. Inside
the tubes goes water and by the shell goes steam. It is needed to determine the length or the heat
exchanger to get a final temperature or 80C. Afterwards, it is needs to control the same
temperature by manipulating the steam flow using a PID. For this, it is made a energy balance
assuming that this system is in stationary conditions and the flow is turbulent by the tubes. The
value of U is obtained from tables and 5 minutes after the process has started, we have a
perturbation. We conclude that for the same heat exchanger is needed a longer equipment when
the flow is bigger. Also, is easier to control a sinusoidal perturbation than a step perturbation.
Key words:
RESUMEN
Introduccin
De la bibliografa se seleccion un U
Donde:
adecuado:
ma= flujo de entrada de agua
365
que ser necesaria una mayor rea de
360
X: 0.4
transferencia de calor para lograr la misma
Y: 353.8
355
temperatura de salida con un flujo mayor.
350
345
Tabla 2: Longitud del intercambiador y
340
requerimiento de vapor al variar el flujo de agua.
335
330
325
Nmero de tubos 18
320
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
Flujo de agua 200 kg/h 2000
kg/h
Figura 2: Longitud del intercambiador para un Flujo de vapor 0.195 1,95
flujo de agua de 200 kg/h. kg/h kg/h
Longitud del 0,4 m 1,2 m
Temperatura vs longitud
390
intercambiador
380
370
La siguiente tabla muestra los parmetros
360 X: 1.2
Y: 352.9 del controlador PID.
350
4
2500
3
2
2000
1
1500 0
-1
1000
-2
-3
500
-4
0 -5
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
79
26
x 10 Temperatura de salida vs tiempo
78 1
77 0.8
76 0.6
75 0.4
74 0.2
73 0
72 -0.2
71 -0.4
70 -0.6
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
-0.8
-1
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Figura 6: temperatura de salida vs tiempo
CONCLUSIONES
RECOMENDACIONES
BIBLIOGRAFA