WIT FOR POST-INSTALLED REBAR

Rebar used as Anchor versus Post-installed Rebar Connections

Rebar used as Anchor
Situations where the concrete needs to take up tensile
load from the anchorage or where reinforcing bars are
designed to carry shear loads should be considered
as rebar used as anchors and designed according
to anchor design method such as given e.g. in the
guidelines of EOTA and ACI or simplied in this Design
Manual. Those guidelines verify all possible failure loads
in tension and shear.
POST -INSTALLED REBAR
and a subsequent assessment (EOTA-Technical Report
TR 023) it is proven that the load transfer for post-
installed reinforcing bars is similar to cast in bars if the
stiffness of the overall load transfer mechanism is similar
to the cast-in
Bene ts: system. The efficiency depends on the
Europof the adhesive mortar against the concentrated
strength
load close to the ribs and on the capacity of load transfer
at the interface of the drilled hole.
In many cases the bond values of post-installed bars are
higher compared to cast in bars due to better

Post-installed Rebar Connection performance of the adhesive mortar. But for small edge
The design of the rebar anchorage is performed distance and/or narrow spacing, splitting or spalling
according to structural concrete design codes, e.g. forces become decisive due to the low tensile capacity
EN 1992-1-1 or ACI 318. With a given test regime of the concrete.

Rebar used as Anchor Post-installed Rebar Connection

Failure modes in tension
Steel failure of fastener
Pull-out failure of fastener
Combined pull-out and
concrete failure
Concrete cone failure
Splitting failure
Tab. 1: Comparison of potential failure modes.
Failure modes in shear Failure modes in tension Failure modes in shear
Steel failure of fastener without Steel failure of reinforcing bar
lever arm
Steel failure of fastener Bond failure
with lever arm
Concrete pry-out failure Splitting failure
Concrete edge failure

Post-installed rebar anchorage The assessment criteria of EOTA-Technical Report TR 023

The guideline species a number of tests in order to
qualify products for post-installed rebar applications.
These are the performance areas checked by the tests:
1. Bond strength in different strengths of concrete.
2. Substandard hole cleaning.
3. Wet concrete.
4. Sustained load and temperature inuence.
5. Freeze-thaw conditions.
6. Installation directions.
7. Maximum embedment depth.
8. Avoidance of air bubbles during injection.
9. Durability (corrosion, chemical attack).
If an adhesive meets all assessment criteria, rebar
connections carried out with this adhesive can be
designed with the bond strength and minimum
anchorage length according to EN 1992-1-1as given in
the tables below for different Wrth injection adhesives.
Adhesives (or in conjunction with a certain drilling
procedure) which do not fully comply with all assessment
criteria can still obtain an approval.
If the bond strength obtained in tests does not full
the specied requirements, then bond strengths lower
than those given by EN 1992-1-1 shall be applied.
These values are given in the respective approval.

28
 If an adhesive meets all assessment criteria, rebar connections carried out with this adhesive can be designed with the bond
WIT f o r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r
strength and minimum anchorage length according to EN 1992-1-1as given in the tables below for different Wrth injection
Ifadhesives.
an adhesive meets all assessment criteria, rebar connections carried out with this adhesive can be designed with the bond
strength and(or
minimum anchorage WIT fgiven
o r pinothest -in st abelow
lled r edifferent
bar
Adhesives in conjunction with length according
a certain to EN 1992-1-1as
drilling procedure) which do tables
not fully comply with allfor
assessment Wrth
criteriainjection
can still
adhesives.
obtain an approval. WIT
WITf of ro pr op st -in-in
o st stst
a lled
a lledr er be ab ra r
Adhesives
If(or theinbond
conjunction
strengthwith a certain
obtained drilling
in tests doesprocedure) which
not fulfil the do notrequirements,
specified fully comply then
with bond
all assessment
strengths criteria can those
lower than still
obtain
If itan approval.
cannot
given be
byshown that the bond
EN 1992-1-1 shallstrength of
be applied. These values are given in the respective approval.
reinforcing bars post-installed with a selected
IfIfthe bond
it cannot strength
be shown obtained
that theinbond
tests strength
does notoffulfil the specified
reinforcing requirements, with
bars post-installed thenabond strengths
selected lower
product andthan those
cast-in
product and cast-in reinforcing bars in cracked
given by EN 1992-1-1 shall be applied. These values are given in the respective approval.
reinforcing bars in cracked concrete (w=0.3mm) is similar, then the minimum anchorage length l and the minimum
concrete (w=0.3mm) is similar, then the minimum b,min

Ifoverlap
it cannotlength
be shown thatbe
theincreased
bond strength of reinforcing
1.5. bars post-installed with a selected product and cast-in
anchorage length lb,minl0,min
andshall
the minimum overlap by a factor
reinforcing
length l bars
shall be in cracked
increased by aconcrete
factor 1.5.(w=0.3mm) is similar, then the minimum anchorage length l and the minimum b,min
0,min
overlap length l shall be increased by a factor 1.5.
Fig. 3: Overlap joint at a foundation of a column or wall where the
Applications 0,min

Applications rebars are stressed in tension.

Applications
Products testedaccording
Products tested accordingto to above
above guideline
guideline can can be used for applications in non-carbonated concrete C12/15 to C50/60
be used
(EN foronly,
206) applications
which arein non-carbonated concrete
also allowed with straight deformed cast-in bars
Fig. 3: Overlap joint ataccording
a foundationtoof(EC2),
a column e.g. those
or wall in the
where the following
rebars are stressed
Products
C12/15 tested
to C50/60according
(EN to above
206) only, guideline
which are can be used for applications in non-carbonated concrete C12/15 to C50/60
also
applications:
allowed
(EN 206)with
only,straight
whichdeformed
are alsocast-in
allowedbarswith straight deformedFig.
according 3: Overlap
cast-in
Fig. 3: bars joint at aatfoundation
according
Overlap joint of aofe.g.
to (EC2),
a foundation column or or
those
a column wall where
inwall
the thethe
following
where rebars areare
rebars stre
Note to the following Figures: In the Figures no transverse reinforcement is plotted, the transverse reinforcement as

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

to (EC2), e.g.
applications: those in the following applications:
required
Note to bytheEC 2 shall beFigures:
following present. InThe
theshear
Figurestransfer between old and new concrete shall be designed according to EC 2.
Note to the following Figures: In the Figures no transverse reinforcement is plotted, the transverse reinforcement as
no transverse reinforcement is plotted, the transverse
required by EC 2 shall be present. The shear transfer between old and new concrete shall be designed according to EC 2.
reinforcement as required by EC 2 shall be present.
The shear transfer between old and new concrete shall
be designed according to EC 2.
Fig. 4: Rebar connection for components stressed primarily in
compression. The rebars are stressed in compression.

Fig. 4: Rebar connection for components stressed primarily in compression. The rebars

Fig.Fig.
4: Rebar connection
4: Rebar forfor
connection components stressed
components primarily
stressed in compression.
primarily TheThe
in compression. re

Fig. 1: Overlap joint for rebar connections

Fig.1:1:Overlap
Fig. Overlap joint
joint for
forrebar
rebarconnections.
connections

Fig. 5: Anchoring of reinforcement to cover.

Fig. 2: End anchoring of slabs or beams. Fig. 5: Anchoring of reinforcement to cover

Fig. 2: End anchoring of slabs or beams,

Fig. 2: End anchoring of slabs or beams, Fig.Fig.

5: Anchoring of reinforcement
5: Anchoring to cover
of reinforcement to cover

Anwendungsbilder

Anwendungsbilder
Anwendungsbilder

Design Manual 2 (18) JoB-130605-001

Design Manual 2 (18) 29

JoB-130605-001
 WIT FOR POST-INSTALLED REBAR
Design of Anchorage of longitudinal reinforcement with EN1992-1-1 (EUROCODE 2)
a) Reinforcing bars shall be so anchored that the
bond forces are safely transmitted to the concrete
avoiding longitudinal cracking or spalling. Transverse
reinforcement shall be provided if necessary.
b) The ultimate bond strength shall be sufficient to
prevent bond failure.
The design value of the ultimate bond stress
POST -INSTALLED REBAR
where:
fctd is the design value of concrete tensile strength
according to Tab. 1.
1 is a coefficient related to the quality of the bond
condition and the position of the bar during
Benefits:
concreting (details see EN 1992-1-1):
Europ
1 = 1.0 when good conditions are obtained and
1 = 0.7 for all other cases and for bars in
structural elements built with slip-forms,
unless it can be shown that good bond

conditions exist
2 is related to the bar diameter:
2 = 1.0 for 32 mm
2 = (132 - )/100 for > 32 mm

Compressive strength class C12/15 C16/20 C20/25 C25/30 C30/37 C35/45 C40/50 C45/55 C50/60

fck [N/mm2] 12 16 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

fck,cube [N/mm2] 15 20 25 30 37 45 50 55 60

fcm [N/mm2] 20 24 28 33 38 43 48 53 58

fctm [N/mm2] 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.1

fctk, 0.05 [N/mm2] 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.9

fctk, 0.95 [N/mm2] 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.8 4.2 4.6 4.9 5.3

fbd [N/mm2] 1.65 1.95 2.25 2.70 3.00 3.30 3.75 4.05 4.35

Tab. 2: Strength characteristics for concrete.

The design value of the bond stress for different adhesives and drilling methods are given below:

Compressive strength class C12/15 C16/20 C20/25 C25/30 C30/37 C35/45 C40/50 C45/55 C50/60

Hammer
drilling and
fbd [N/mm2] 1.65 1.95 2.25 2.70 3.00 3.30 3.75 4.05 4.35
compressed
WIT-PE 500
air drilling

Diamond fbd
[N/mm2] 1.65 1.95 2.25 2.70 3.00 3.00 3.40 3.70 3.70
drilling

Hammer
drilling and
WIT-VM 250 fbd [N/mm2] 1.65 1.95 2.25 2.70 3.00 3.30 3.75 4.05 4.35
compressed
air drilling

Tab. 3: Design values of the bond stress of Wrth's WIT adhesives in case of good bond condition.

30
Development length
Development length is the shortest length needed for
reinforcing bar so that the yield strength can induced in
the bar.

Reinforced concrete members are often designed using

strut and tie models. The forces are represented by
trusses and the nodes of these trusses have to connect the

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

forces in such a way that they are in balance: The sum
of the concrete compression force, the support force and
the steel tensile force equals zero. The node can maintain
its function only when the bond between the reinforcing
bar and the surrounding concrete is activated and in
balance with the horizontal component of the concrete
compression strength. The node has to physically provide
a certain length over which the rebar can develop stress
on its left side. This extension on the left side is called
development length or anchorage length. The length
or the space on the left side depends on the method of
anchorage: bend, hook or straight. Fig. 6: Nodes of trusses.

Bar size [mm] 8 10 12 14 16 20 25 28 32 40

Cross
sectional area
As [mm2] 50.3 78.5 113.1 153.9 201.1 314.2 490.9 615.8 804.2 1256.6
of
reinforcement
Characteristic
fyk [N/mm2] 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
yield strength
Partial factor
for reinforcing s 1.15
steel
Design
resistance of
NRd,s [kN] 21.9 34.1 49.2 66.9 87.4 136.6 213.4 267.7 349.7 546.4
reinforcement
bar
Design Bond
fbd [N/mm2] 2.3 2.1
stress
Development lbd [mm] 387 483 580 676 773 966 1208 1353 1546 2100
length
lbd/ 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 53
Tab. 4: Development length for C20/25 and reinforcement bar B500B.

31
 POST -INSTALLED REBAR

32
WIT-PE 500 and WIT-VM 250: Design loads versus anchorage depht

Bar
Design load for good bond condition, C20/25
size

Cross sectional area

of reinforcement
Characteristic yield strength
of reinforcement B500B
Partial factor for reinforcing
steel
Design restistance of
reinforcement bar
Design Bond stress
Development length
Minimum anchorage length
As fyk NRd,s fbd lbd lb,min Nb,d
[mm] [mm2] [N/mm2] [kN] [N/mm2] [mm] [kN]
s

8 50.3 500 1.15 21.9 2.3 386 116 7 7 8 8 11 14 17 20

10 78.5 500 1.15 34.1 2.3 483 145 11 14 18 21 25 28
12 113.1 500 1.15 49.2 2.3 580 174 17 21 25 30 34 42
14 153.9 500 1.15 66.9 2.3 676 203 25 30 35 40 49 59
16 201.1 500 1.15 87.4 2.3 773 232 28 34 40 45 57 68 79
20 314.2 500 1.15 136.6 2.3 966 290 42 49 57 71 85 99 113 127
WIT FOR POST-INSTALLED REBAR

25 490.9 500 1.15 213.4 2.3 1208 362 71 88 106 124 141 159 177 194 212
28 615.8 500 1.15 267.7 2.3 1353 406 99 119 139 158 178 198 218 238 257
32 804.2 500 1.15 349.7 2.3 1546 464 113 136 158 181 204 226 249 271 294 317 339
40 1256.6 500 1.15 546.4 2.1 2100 630 182 208 234 260 286 312 338 364 390 416 442 468 494 520 546
Anchorage length [mm] 120 130 140 150 200 250 300 350 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100
Europ
Benets:
 WIT f o r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r
Basic anchorage length
The calculation of the required anchorage length shall take into consideration the type of steel and bond properties
BasicThe
bars. anchorage
basic required Lap or Splice
lengthanchorage length, l , for anchoring length
the force
b,rqd A in a bar assuming constant bond stress
s. sd

The calculation of the required anchorage length shall The design lap length is
fbd follows from:
take into consideration the type of steel and bond
properties of the bars. The basic required anchorage
length, l , for!anchoring
!" the force As sd in a bar 1 = 1.0 for anchorage of straight bars; in case of
!!,!"# =b,rqd

assuming constant
4 !!" bond stress equal to fbd follows from: post-installed rebar application only straight
bar possible.

Design anchorage length 2 = 1.0 for reinforcement bar in compression.

Design
The anchorage
design anchorage length
length, lbd, is 2 0.7 1 - 0.15 (cd - )/ 1.0 for
The design anchorage length, lbd, is reinforcement bar in tension.

!!" = !! !! !! !! !! !!,!"# !!,!"# 3 = 1.0 no transverse reinforcement.

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

1 = 1.0 for anchorage of straight bars; in case of

post-installed rebar application only straight

1 = 1.0 for anchorage of straight bars;
5:
in case of 0.7 1 - 0.04 1.0 for connement by
post-installed rebar application only straight bar possible
bar possible. transverse pressure [MPa] along lbd

(235) 0.7.
2 =1.0
2 = 1.0 for reinforcement bar in compression.
for reinforcement bar in compression.
2: 0.7 1 - 0.15 (cd - )/ 1.0 for l0,min is the bar
minimum lap length:
2: 0.7 1 - 0.15 (cd - )/ 1.0 for reinforcement in tension.
reinforcement bar in tension.

When using WIT-PE 500 with diamond wet drilling

multiply the values by 1.5.

6 = 1.0 1.5 for inuence of percentage of

lapped bars relative to the total cross-section
area according to the following table:

Percentage of lapped
bars relative to the <25% 33% 50% >50%
total cross-section area
Fig.
Fig. 7: Valuesforfor
7: Values beams
beams and slabs
and slabs.
a6 1.00 1.15 1.40 1.50

3 = 1.0 no transverse reinforcement. Note: Intermediate values may be determined by

4 =1.0 no welded transverse reinforcement. interpolation
3 = 1.0 no transverse reinfordement.
Tab. 5: Values of the coefficient.
5: 0.7 1 - 0.04 1.0 for connement by
transverse pressure [MPa] along lbd

(235)
= 1.0 no
4 welded transverse reinforcement.
0.7.

lb,min is the minimum anchorage length if no other

: 0.7 1 - 0.04 1.0 for confinement
limitation is5 applied:
by transverse pressure [MPa] along l . bd

( ) 0.7.
2 3 5

for anchorages in tension

l
for anchorages
b,min is the minimum anchorage length if no other limitation is applied:
in compression
!!,!"# max (0.3 !!,!"# ; 10; 100!!) for anchorages in tension
When using WIT-PE 500 with diamond wet drilling
! max (0.6 !!,!"# ; 10; 100!!) for anchorages in compression
multiply the values by!,!"#
1.5.
When using WIT-PE 500 with diamond wet drilling multiply the values by 1.5.
33

Lap or Splice length

 WIT FOR POST-INSTALLED REBAR
Concrete cover
The minimum cover should not be less than cmin,b = . Add 5mm if the nominal
In order to transmit bond forces safely and to ensure maximum aggregate size is greater than 32 mm.
adequate compaction of the concrete, the minimum cover

Benefits:
Europ
Exposure Class
X0 XC1 XC2/XC3 XC4 XD1/XS1 XD2/XS2 XD3/XS3
S1 10 10 10 15 20 25 30
S2 10 10 15 20 25 30 35
POST -INSTALLED REBAR

S3 10 10 20 25 30 35 40
Structural Class

S4 10 15 25 30 35 40 45
S5 15 20 30 35 40 45 50
S6 20 25 35 40 45 50 55
Tab. 6: Values of minimum cover, cmin,dur [mm] requirements with regard to durability for reinforcement steel.

The minimum cover of post-installed reinforcing bars depending on drilling method cmin,inst

Drilling method without drilling aid with drilling aid

Hammer drilling and < 25mm 30mm + 0.06lv 2 30mm + 0.02lv 2
Diamond drilling
25mm 40mm + 0.06lv 2 40mm + 0.02lv 2
WIT-PE 500
Compressed air < 25mm 50mm + 0.08lv 50mm + 0.02lv
drilling
25mm 60mm + 0.08lv 60mm + 0.02lv
< 25mm 30mm + 0.06lv 2 30mm + 0.02lv 2
Hammer drilling
25mm 40mm + 0.06lv 2 40mm + 0.02lv 2
WIT-VM 250
Compressed air < 25mm 50mm + 0.08lv 50mm + 0.02lv
drilling 25mm 60mm + 0.08lv 60mm + 0.02lv
Tab. 7: Minimum Cover depending on drilling method.

The nominal cover

The recommended value for cdev = 10mm.

Concrete cover:

34
 Concrete cover: min ! = max( !!"# ; !!"#,!"#$ )

Spacing of bars and laps

The spacing of bars shall be such that the concrete can be placed and compacted satisfactorily for the developm
adequate bond. The clear distance (horizontal and vertical) between individual parallel bars or horizontal layer
Spacing of bars and laps (horizontal and vertical) between individual parallel bars
The bars should
spacing of barsbe notbeless
shall suchthan theconcrete
that the max(;can
(dg + 5 mm) or 20mm)
or horizontal where
layers d is bars
of parallel
g the maximum size
should be not lessof aggregate (8.2
1:2011-01
be placed .
and compacted satisfactorily for the than the max(; (dg + 5 mm) or 20mm) where dg is the
development of adequate bond. The clear distance maximum size of aggregate (8.2; EN1992-1-1:2011-01).

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

Fig. 8: Adjacent laps.
Fig. 8: Adjacent laps
The spacing between post-installed reinforcing bars shall be greater max(5; 50mm).

The spacing between post-installed reinforcing bars shall be greater max(5; 50mm),
Embedment depth
Embedment depth for overlap joints If the clear distance between the overlapping rebar is
For calculation of the effective embedment depth of over- greater than 4 the lap length shall be enlarged by the
lap joints the concrete cover at end-face of bonded-in difference between the clear distance and 4 .
rebar c1 shall be considered:

Embedment depth
Embedment depth for overlap joints
Maximum embedment depth
For calculation of the effective embedment
The maximum permissible embedment depth is
depth of overlap joints the concrete cover at end-face of bonded-in re
be considered:
depending on adhesive, adhesive temperature and
the diameter of the rebar:

!! !! + Bar
!! size [mm] 8 10 12 14 16 20 25 28 32 40
Adhesive temperature Maximum permissible embedment depth
If the clear distance between the overlapping rebar is greater than 4 the lap length shall be enlarged by the
+5C to +19C lmax [cm] 130 200
WIT-PE 500
between theclear
20C distance and lmax 4 [cm]
. 200 280
WIT-VM 250 +5C to +25C lmax [cm] 100 100 120 140 160 200 200
Tab. 8: Maximum approved embedment depth.

Design Manual 11 (18)

35
 WIT FOR POST-INSTALLED REBAR

Transverse reinforcement and spalling as a function of concrete cover and bar

The requirements of transverse reinforcement in the area
of the post-installed rebar connection shall comply with
EN 1992-1-1, Section 8.7.4.
Connection joint
The transfer of shear forces between new concrete and
WIT f o r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r
existing structure shall be designed according to
spacing.
If 2 is less than 0.7, corresponding to cover dimensions
of cd/ > 3 or spacing of a/ > 6, the cover or spacing
is large enough so that splitting cannot occur anymore
Benets:
and pull-out will control.
Europ
Considering any adhesive for post-installed reinforcing
bars with their higher maximum bond strength comparing

WIT f o r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r

EN 1992-1-1, Section 6.2.5 Shear at the interface
between concrete cast at different times.
that of cast-in bars, we would nd that maximum value as
a limiting value for the increase of the controlling design
WIT f o r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r
POST -INSTALLED REBAR

The joints for concreting must be roughened to at least bond stress.

such an extent that aggregate protrude. In case of a Those values are taken from the relevant anchor
carbonated surface of the existing concrete structure the approval. Thus, the limitation for bond failure in the code
carbonated layer shall be removed in the area of the has been replaced by the specic design bond stress of
post-installed rebar connection with a diameter of the adhesive for the specic application conditions.
( + 60mm) prior to the installation of the new rebar.
WIT f o r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r
The depth of concrete to be removed shall correspond WIT-PE 500
to at least the minimum concrete cover for the
respective environmental conditions in accordance with
EN 1992-1-1. The foregoing may be neglected if building
components are new and not carbonated and if building
components are in dry conditions.
WIT f o r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r
WIT f olength
Failure modes and Anchorage r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r
WIT
In most cases thefreinforcement
o r p obars st are
-inplaced
st acloselled r e b a r
to the surface of the concrete member to achieve good
crack distribution and economical bending capacity.
For splices at wide spacing, the bearing capacity of the
concrete depends only on the thickness of the concrete
cover. At narrow spacing the bearing capacity depends
WIT f o r p o st -in st a lled r e b a r
on the spacing and on the thickness of the cover. In the WIT-VM 250
design codes the reduction of bearing capacity of the
For the modification of the design for a particular adhesives with its spec
For the modification of the design for a particular adhesives wi
cover is taken into account by means of multiplying
in such a way to create a linear extension of the bond strength function e
For the modification of the design for a particular adhesives with its specifi
factors for the splice length. Splitting failure is decisive
in such a way to createon athelinear extension of thelimit
bond strength
For the modification of the design for acalibrated basis of tests
particular adhesives
if the radial cracks propagate through the entire cover. with the additional
with its specific of a lowest
designadapt bo
in such a way to create a linear extension of the bond
calibrated on the basis of tests with the additional limit of a low
Bond failure is caused by pull-out of the bar if the strength function ex
in such a way to createona the
linear extension
of tests of
The designthevalues
connement (concrete cover, transverse reinforcement)
calibrated basis with bond
the strengthcd/
exceeding
additional function
limit
> 3 or exceeding
spacing of a/
of a lowest adapte c >/ d
is sufficient to prevent splitting of the concrete cover.
calibrated on the basis of tests with the additional limit
EN1992-1-1 controls the failure modes by limiting the 2 of a lowest
Bar size
adapted8
of 0.25
10 12 14
2

The design values exceeding cd/ > 3 or spacing o

[mm]
value to 2 0.7. The spalling of the concrete cover or
Service temperature Maximum design
The design values exceeding
splitting between bars will be the controlling mode
WIT-PE 500
cd/ > 3 orf spacing
+24C [N/mm ] 6.0
of a/ > 6
6.0 5.6 5.6
of failure.
The design values exceeding cd/ > 3 or spacing fof [N/mm a/] 5.3 > 65.3 5.3 5.3
2
bd,ext

The value 2 gives an explicit consideration for splitting

WIT-VM 250 2

Bar size [mm] 8 10 1

bd,ext

36 Bar sizeService temperature

[mm] 8 10 12 14 Ma
Bar
For the modification of the design for asize
Forparticular with[mm]
adhesives
theService
modification 8 bond
its specific design 10strength,
12the value
temperature of the design for a particularMaximum
14 was 16
adapted20
adhesives
designwi
b
2

WIT-PE
in such a way to create a linear extension 500
of the bond exceeding c / > f3 or spacing
+24C
strength function [N/mm ] >6.0
of a/ 6 and 6.0 5 2

For the modification

Service temperature of the design for a particularMaximum
adhesives
designwith
bondits
d
specifi
bd,ext
strength
2
For the modication of the design for a particular cd/ > 3 or spacing of a/ > 6 and calibrated on the
adhesives with its specic design bond strength, the basis of tests with the additional limit of a lowest
value 2 was adapted in such a way to create a linear adapted 2 of 0.25.
extension of the bond strength function exceeding

The design values exceeding cd/ > 3 or spacing of a/ > 6

Bar size [mm] 8 10 12 14 16 20 25 28 32 40

Service temperature Maximum design bond strength
WIT-PE 500 +24C fbd,ext [N/mm2] 6.0 6.0 5.6 5.6 5.3 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.4
WIT-VM 250 fbd,ext [N/mm2] 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 4.9 4.6 -

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

37
 WIT FOR POST-INSTALLED REBAR
W IT-PE 500: Design loads versus anchorage depth
Characteristic yield strength of

Minimum anchorage length

reinforcement B500B

Design restistance of

Development length
Cross sectional area

Design Bond stress

reinforcement bar

Bar
Design load for good bond condition, C20/25
reinforcing steel
of reinforcement

Partial factor for

size
Benefits:
Europ

As fyk s NRd,s fbd lbd lb,min Nb,d

[mm] [mm2] [N/mm2] [kN] [N/mm2] [mm] [kN]
8 50.3 500 1.15 21.9 6.0 145 100 15 17 18 20 21
POST -INSTALLED REBAR

10 78.5 500 1.15 34.1 6.0 181 100 19 21 23 25 26 28

12 113.1 500 1.15 49.2 5.6 233 120 25 27 30 32 42
14 153.9 500 1.15 66.9 5.6 272 140 34 37 49 62
16 201.1 500 1.15 87.4 5.3 328 160 53 67 80
20 314.2 500 1.15 136.6 4.7 463 200 59 74 89 103 118
25 490.9 500 1.15 213.4 4.4 618 250 86 104 121 138 173 207
28 615.8 500 1.15 267.7 4.4 692 280 116 135 155 194 232
32 804.2 500 1.15 349.7 4.4 791 320 155 177 221 265 310
40 1256.6 500 1.15 546.4 3.4 1279 400 171 214 256 299 342 385 427 470 513
Anchorage length [mm] 100 110 120 130 140 150 200 250 300 350 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300

WIT-VM 250: Design loads versus anchorage depth

Characteristic yield strength of

Minimum anchorage length

reinforcement B500B

Design restistance of

Development length
Cross sectional area

Design Bond stress

Bar
reinforcement bar

Design load for good bond condition, C20/25

reinforcing steel
of reinforcement

Partial factor for

size

As fyk s NRd,s fbd lbd lb,min Nb,d

[mm] [mm2] [N/mm2] [kN] [N/mm2] [mm] [kN]
8 50.3 500 1.15 21.9 5.3 164 100 13 15 16 17 19 20
10 78.5 500 1.15 34.1 5.3 205 100 17 18 20 22 23 25 33
12 113.1 500 1.15 49.2 5.3 246 120 24 26 28 30 40
14 153.9 500 1.15 66.9 5.3 287 140 33 35 47 58
16 201.1 500 1.15 87.4 5.3 328 160 53 67 80
20 314.2 500 1.15 136.6 5.3 410 200 67 83 100 117 133
25 490.9 500 1.15 213.4 5.3 513 250 104 125 146 167 208
28 615.8 500 1.15 267.7 4.9 621 280 129 151 172 216 259
32 804.2 500 1.15 349.7 4.6 756 320 162 185 231 277 324
Anchorage length [mm] 100 110 120 130 140 150 200 250 300 350 400 500 600 700

38
 Load C ase Fire
The bond strength in slabs under fire has been evalu
Brunswik, Germany. The conformity with the German
Approval. These documents are downloadable from

There are two types of design tables corresponding t

Load Case Fire

The bond strength in slabs under re has been evaluated
in tests and is certied by reports of the Technical
University of Brunswik, Germany. The conformity with
the German standards is conrmed in DIBt German
national Approval. These documents are downloadable
from the Intranet for the different adhesive mortars.
There are two types of design tables corresponding to
the basic re situations parallel and anchorage or
perpendicular.
In the re situation parallel the only parameter is the
clear distanceIn from the situation
the fire re exposedparallel
concrete surface to parameter is th
the only
the perimeter of the bar (clear concrete cover c). From
of the bar (clear concrete cover c). From this param
this parameter, one can directly read the bond strength of
the adhesivespecific
for specifire durations.
c re durations.

re resistance duration Concrete Da m

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

cover of the
R 30 R 60 R 90 R 120 R 180 R 240
post-installed draus
Ultimate bond stress fbd, rebars c
bestim
[N/mm] [N/mm] [N/mm] [N/mm] [N/mm] [N/mm] [mm]

0.32 30

0.40 35
0.0
0.50 40

0.62 45
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.79 0.31 50

0.95 0.37 55
!,!" !
1.16 0.44 !!",! = !!",!" !! !60
1.50 0.53 65

In the fire situation anchorage or perpendicular the

diameters, embedment depths and fire durations.

39
 !,!" !
!!",! = !!",!" !! !

In the fire situation anchorage or perpendicular the tables di

WIT FOR POST-INSTALLED REBAR diameters, embedment depths and fire durations.
In the re situation anchorage or perpendicular the
tables directly show the re resistance as a force [kN] for
given diameters, embedment depths and re durations.

Benets:
Anchorage Europ re resistance class
Bar size Max. load
lenght
R 30 R60 R90 R 120 R 180

max NRd, lv NRd,

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

[mm] [kN] [mm] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kN]

80 1.7 0.5 0.14 0 0

120 7.5 2.3 1.1 0.6 0.1

170 16.2 9.1 5.3 3.1 1.1

8 16.2 215 16.2 13.2 9.9 3.7

235 16.2 13.4 6.5

Design Manual 15 (18)
255 16.2 10.0

295 16.2

100 5.0 1.5 0.6 0.2 0.0

150 16.0 6.9 3.6 2.2 0.7

195 25.3 16.9 12.1 7.9 2.7

10 25.3 235 25.3 20.9 16.7 8.1

260 25.3 22.2 13.6

275 25.3 16.9

315 25.3

The load case Fire is an exceptional load case. Please
see the respective standard e.g. EN1991 for load
combinations and safety factors. Material factors are
assumed to be M, = 1.0.
Corrosion behaviour of post-installed
reinforcing bars
According to the assessment criteria of EOTA-Technical
Report TR 023, section 3.3.4 it has to be shown by tests
that post installed rebar connections conducted with a
particular adhesive provide the same corrosion
resistance as cast-in-place rebar. Consequently all Wrth
adhesives with approval according to TR 023 have been
tested.

40
 WITforf opost-installe
WIT pr p o st -ined
st arebar
lled ap
r pplication
ebar
Examples
Examples
WIT for p
post-installe
ed rebar appplication
Examples
End
E support
End support ofof beam,
f beam, simply
simply supported
ly supported
Examples

E support off beam,

End simply
ly of
End support supported
beam, simply supported

500
5
500
2525
5
5
500
450
4500 25
5
V VEd= =117.66kN
Ed 117.66kN
N
450
0

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

VEd = 117.66kN
N

Given
G
Given information
informattion
Concrete:
Concrette:C20/25 C20/25
G
Given Steel:
informattion
Given
B500B
B500B
Steel: information
Actions:
Concrette:Actions:
C20/25 s: s=d =C20/25
Concrete: d 23.75kN/m,
23.75kN/m,S S=d =50kN d 500kN
Cross
Steel: B500BCross section
se
Steel: ection
B500B of beam:
of bea h
m: x
h b
x =
b =0.5m0. 5mx x0.3m
0.3m
Actions::Effective
Actions:
sEffective
d = 23.75k edepth
s
depth= ofofcross
23.75kN/m,
d N/m, Scro= section:
d oss50 S =
section:
0kN d d d= =0.44m
50kN 0.44m
Cross Cross
sectionsection of ofcolumn:
beam: h xc bx= c0.5m = x 0.3mx 0.6m
0.6m
Crossofsebea
Cross seection ection m: of
h xcolu b umn:
= 0.5m c1 xxc0.3m
1
2 = 0.6m x 0.6m
2 m
Effective depth of cross section: d = 0.44m
Clear
Clear
Effectivee depth distance
distance between
betwe two
een two columns:
colum 4.5m
mns: 4.5m
Crossofsection
crooss ofsection:
column: dc1 = x c0.44m= 0.6m x 0.6m
Effective
Effective
Cross seection of espan:
span:
colu umn: l
Clear distance between l=c
eff
eff 1= 5.0m
x 5
5.0m
c = 0.6m
2
2 two columns: 4.5m x 0.6m m 5.3.2.2;
5.3.2.2;EN1992-1-1:2011-01
EN1992-1-1:2011-01
Exposure
Exposur
Clear distance betwe
Effective Class:
re span:
Class: XC4
een ltwo XC4 4 mns: 4.5m
colum
= 5.0m 5.3.2.2; EN1992-1-1:2011-01
eff
Concrete
Concret
Effectivee span:Exposure cover:
leffte= cover:
5 Class:
5.0m c cnom=40mm
XC4 =
nom 40mm 5.3.2.2; EN1992-1-1:2011-01
BendingConcrete
Bending
Exposurre Class: XC4 g momentcover:
moment
4 at
c at
nommid
=m40mm
mid span:
span:MME= 193.95kNm
ds = 193.95kN
Eds Nm
Bottom Bending moment at mid span: M = 193.95kNm
Concrette cover:reinforcement
Bottom creinforcemen required at mid span:
nom= 40mm nt required at mid span:
Eds
Bottom reinforcement required at mid span:
Bending 4 4
g moment20 (=12.6cm
20 (=12.6cm ) 2> A
2 ) >M A ds===11.785cm
=11.785cm
11.785cm
4 20at m span:
mid 193.95kN 2 Nm
2 2
s,erf 2
(=12.6cm ) > As,erfEs,erf 9.2.1.1; EN1992-1-1:2011-01
A As,max= =0.04 ntA A= 60cmcm 9.2.1.1;
9.2.1.1;EN1992-1-1:2011-01
As,max 0.04
Bottom reinforcemen 0= 0.04 Ac c== 60c
required 60cmat 2 mid span: EN1992-1-1:2011-01
2
s,max c 2

4 20 ShearShear
(=12.6cm force
Shear fo 2 at support: V
orce) > at
force suppo
As,erf
at = 11.7
support: =Ed=117.66kN
ort:V V85cmEd
Ed
=117.66kN
117
2
7.66kN
As,max = 0.04
0 Ac = 60ccm 2
9.2.1.1; EN1992-1-1:2011-01
Shear fo orce at suppo
ort: VEd = 117
7.66kN
0.5mmx x0.3m
0.5m 0.3m

0.5m
m x 0.3m

Bottom
Bottom reinforcement
reinforccement at Sup atpport
Support
!!
Tensile
Tensileforce
forcetotobebeanchored:
anchored:!! = !!" 9.2.1.4
9.2.1.4(2);
(2);EN1992-1-1:2011-01
EN19
992-1-1:2011--01
!
Bottom reinforccement at Sup
pport ! = 0.9 ! = 0.9 0.44 = 0.396 6.2.3 (1); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
6.2.3 (1); EN199 92-1-1:2011-0
41 1
Tensile force to be anchored: ! cot ! cot ! 9.2.1.3
9.2.1.4 (2);
9.2EN19(2); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
.1.3992-1-1:2011-
(2); EN19 -01
992-1-1:2011- -01
!! =
2 6.2.3
6.2 (1);
.3 EN1992-1-1:2011-01
(1); EN199 92-1-1:2011-0 1
6.2.3 (1); EN199 92-1-1:2011-01
! =! 9.2.1.3 (2); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
 WIT FOR POST-INSTALLED REBAR
Bottom reinforcement at Support
Tensile force to be anchored: 9.2.1.4 (2); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
6.2.3 (1); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
9.2.1.3 (2); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
6.2.3 (1); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
9.2.1.3 (2); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
Benets:
Europ

Steel section required:

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

7.3.2 (2); EN1992-1-1:2011-01

9.2.1.4 (1); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
Minimum reinforcement at support:
9.3.1.2 (1); EN1992-1-1:2011-01
(slabs only)

Decisive As = 300.7mm2; provided 3 14 (=461.7mm2)

Minimum spacing between rebar

amin = max(5 14; 50) = 70mm 79mm

8.4.3; EN1992-1-1:2011-01

Basic anchorage length:

8.4.3; EN1992-1-1:2011-01

Design anchorage length:

1 = 1.0
2 = 0.72
0.7 1 - 0.15 (cd - )/ 1.0
cd = 39.5mm
3 = 1.0
4 = 1.0
5 = 1.0

lbd controls

42
.5mm
0
0
0
0.72 440.45 = 318mm
max (0.3 440.45; 10 14; 100!!) =140mm
ols
Embedment depth (considering effective span)
ment depth (considering
linst = 318 +effective span)
250 = 568mm
8 + 250 = 568mm

Top reinforcement at Support

ement at Support
Minimum reinforcement at support:
m reinforcement at support: 9.2.1.2; EN1992-1-1:2011-01
As,min,t = 0.15 As,erf = 0.15 1178.5 = 176.78mm2

0.15 . A = 0.15 . 1178.5 = 176.78mm

s,erf
2
9.2.1.2; EN1992-1-1:2011-01
!
= 0.26 !"# ! ! = 151mm 176.78mm 2 2 9.2.1.1; EN1992-1-1:2011-01
9.2.1.1; EN1992-1-1:2011-01
!!"

Decisive As = 176.8mm2; provided 3 10 (=235.5mm2)

e A = 176.8mm ; provided 3 10 (=235.5mm )
s
2 2

Minimum spacing between rebar

POST -INSTALLED REBAR

m spacing between
amin = rebar
max(5 a10;=50)
max(5

. 10;
= 50mm
min 50) = 50mm 85mm
85mm

max (0.3 0; 10 10; 100!!) =100mm

Embedment depth (considering effective span) 100 3 10
linst = 100 + 250 = 350mm
ment depth (considering effective span)
0 + 250 = 350mm
318

3 14

18 (18) JoB-130605-001

43