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Electrode contact area should also be considered as part of the dynamics of the weld as it takes
place. As material melts at high speed during the welding process, it is vital that the weld head is able
to maintain the electrode in consistent and repeatable contact with the product. Failure to do so can
lead again to high spot resistance and hence sparking. This means low inertia, low friction precision
weld head mechanisms with repeatable force setting.
With parallel gap welding, it is often convenient to provide two independent welding modules with
independent force settings to allow provision for additional force compensations to be made at each
weld, counteracting material flex and polarity effects.
Battery tab welding - Key process variables : Controlling the weld current
As we have seen, there are plenty of mechanical process variables that can conspire to spoil the
quality and consistency of parallel gap welding battery tabs. Good practice and design should be
applied wherever possible to minimise the effects on the electrical circuit.
But what of the welding current itself ? Do we have this under control ?
As with most things, there is a price to pay and a spectrum of choice. In the earlier days of battery
pack manufacture, capacitor discharge based welding supplies became prevalent due to their ease
and simplicity of build . These units essentially are programmed to store up a pre-set level of
electrical energy in a electrical capacitor and then to release that energy into the welding circuit at the
point of weld trigger.
This is known as open loop welding, as the current flowing in the circuit is determined by the circuit
resistance / electro-mechanics as described above. If, as we have seen, the electro-mechanics can
change, so therefore can the welding current and thus the weld integrity. With advances in
electronics, closed loop welding supplies have been developed to compensate for these capacitor
discharge shortcomings, offering significant benefits in terms of quality and process tolerance.