Maths Quest Maths B Year 12 for Queensland Chapter 3 Exponential and logarithmic functions WorkSHEET 3.

1 1

WorkSHEET 3.1 Exponential and logarithmic functions

Name: ____________________________

1 Simplify:
2 x3 y 2 xy
4 2 3

(a)

2 x3 y 2 xy
4 2 3 (a)
y 3 2x 5
y 3 2x 5
2 x12 y 4 2 3 x 3 y 6

6
y 3 25 x 5
3 1

1
x 2 y 2 4 x 6 y 4

2 1 10 7



x y
(b) 4 2
1 5
x2 y 2

6
3 1

1
x2 y 2 4 x 6 y 4

2


(b) 1 5
4
x2 y 2

1
9 2 2
x y 3
2 x 3 y 2

x 2 y 10
1

2x 4 y 9

2 Simplify: (a) 2 31 n 4 2n 8 n 2
(a) 2 31 n 4 2n 8 n 2 2 33n 2 2 2n
23 n2

2 3 2 33n 2 4 n 2 3n 6

(b)

8

3

16

2
2 2 n 3
27 9 1
2 n 3
2

2 3

(b) 8 3 16 2

27 9
2 3

23 3 24 2
3 2
3 3

2 2 26

3 2 33
2 8

3 5
35

28

3 Simplify: x x
Multiply all terms by x
x x 1 x 1 x 1 1
1
1
1 x x 1
Maths Quest Maths B Year 12 for Queensland Chapter 3 Exponential and logarithmic functions WorkSHEET 3.1 2

x2 x2

x 1 1 x
x 2 1 x x 2 x 1

x 1 1 x
x2 x3 x3 x2

x 1 1 x
2x 2 2x 3

x 1 1 x
2 x 2 1 x

x 1 1 x
2x 2

x 1

4 Solve for x: (a) log 5 x 1 2

(a) log 5 x 1 2 x 1 52
x 26
1
(b) log x 2
49 1
(b) log x 2
49
1
x 2
49
7 2 x 2
x7

5 Simplify: 1
(a) 4 log 2 x 2 log 2
1 x
(a) 4 log 2 x 2 log 2
x 1
4 log 2 2 log 2 x 1
x2
log 3 x 6 2 log 2 x 2 log 2 x
(b) 0
log 3 x

log 3 x 6
(b)
log 3 x
6 log3 x
1

log3 x 2
6 log3 x

1
log3 x
2
12

6 Simplify: 1
(a) 2 log 3 81 3 log 2
1 64
(a) 2 log3 81 3 log 2
64
Maths Quest Maths B Year 12 for Queensland Chapter 3 Exponential and logarithmic functions WorkSHEET 3.1 3

(b) log 6 9 log 6 8 log 6 2 2 log 3 3 4 3 log 2 2 6

8 log 3 3 18 log 2 2
8 18
26

(b) log 6 9 log 6 8 log 6 2

log 6 9 8 2
log 6 36
log 6 6 2
2 log 6 6
2

7 a a
If R log10 B , find a value for R, when a R log10 B
T T
= 30, T = 0.3 and B = 4.7. 30
R log10 4.7
0.3
R log10 100 4.7
R 2 4.7
R 6.7

8 Solve for x in each of the following: (a) 4 3 x 512

(a) 4 3 x 512 2
2 3x
29
26 x 29
(b) 3 25 x 729
6x 9
x 1.5
52x
(c) 625 x
25 3 x (b) 3 25 x 729
3 2 5 x 3 6
2 5x 6
4 5x
x 0.8

52x
(c) 625 x
25 3 x

5
4 x

52x
5
2 3 x

52x
5 4 x
5 62 x
5 4 x 5 4 x 6
4x 4x 6
8x 6
x 0.75
Maths Quest Maths B Year 12 for Queensland Chapter 3 Exponential and logarithmic functions WorkSHEET 3.1 4

9 Solve for x in each of the following: (a) 3 2 x 6 3 x 27 0 let a 3 x

(a) 3 2 x 6 3 x 27 0 a 2 6a 27 0
a 3 a 9 0
(b) 51 2 x 4 80 a 3 or a 9
3 x 3 or 3 x 9
x = 1 is the only possible solution

(b) 51 2 x 4 80
51 2 x 4 80
1 2 x 4 16
(1 2 x ) 2 4 or 2 4
4

1 2 x 2 or 1 2 x 2
1 1
x or 1
2 2

10 Solve for x in each of the following. Give (a) 2.5 2 x

12
answers exact to three decimal places. Take log 10 of both sides:
(a) 2.5 2 x 12
log 10 2.5 2 x log 1012
2 x log 10 2.5 log 1012
(b) 0 .6 3 x 40
log 1012
2x
log 10 2.5
log 1012
x
2 log 10 2.5
x 1.356

(b) 0.6 3 x 40
Take log 10 of both sides:
log 10 0.6 3 x log 10 40
3 x log 10 0.6 log 10 40
log 10 40
3x
log 10 0.6 ( by neg.)
log 10 40
x
3 log 10 0.6
x 2.407