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GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

Introduction by John Dunnicliff, Editor PLEASE let me hear from you. The
first step is an abstract see How to
This is the seventy-fourth episode of GIN. Three articles this time. submit articles on www.geotechnical-
Theyre all self-explanatory, so theres no need for the editor to bore news.com/instrumentation_news.php.
you with introductions. Heres a table of contents: If I dont hear from you, GIN may die.
A report on the US Society of boltsy things, and lessons learned, The April 2103 continuing
Dams workshop in Arizona in primarily lessons learned from education course in Florida
February on state-of-the-art tech- unexpected events in the field. All
There were 64 registrants at the
nologies for monitoring dams and of us in this business have such
course, and 12 lecturers. 15 countries
levees, by Christopher Hill and stories to tell, and if we share
were represented. Thank you to all
Pierre Choquet. them we can learn from each
registrants and lecturers for participat-
The second episode of Field Moni- other. So please ask yourself
ing.
toring Challenges, by Marcelo whether you could contribute
some of these stories for GIN. Ive decided that there will be no more
Chuaqui and Wing Lam.
They dont need to be complex of these courses in Florida, because
An article by me on some on-line
things, and you can refer to age is taking its toll. Perhaps else-
sources of information about geo-
Project X. I well understand where. Watch this space!
technical instrumentation.
that you may have difficulty with
Lessons learned. I need you Closure
employer or client approval, in
Nobody has responded to my plea for which case Im happy to refer Please send contributions to this
help with GIN, so heres a repeat of to you as Anonymous, and column, or an abstract of an article for
the plea: promise not to disclose your name GIN, to me as an e-mail attachment in
A significant number of articles to anyone. MSWord, to
in recent GINs have described In the past, Ive had very john@dunnicliff.eclipse.co.uk, or by
new and emerging technologies. little response to pleas for mail: Little Leat, Whisselwell, Bovey
Its been exciting for me to learn contributions, and have usually Tracey, Devon TQ13 9LA, England.
about these, but Id now like to had to rely on arm-twisting. Tel. +44-1626-832919.
take a step towards nuts-and- Please let me hear from you. Sei Gsund! (Yiddish)

USSD presents workshop on state-of-the-art


monitoring technologies

Christopher J. Hill and Pierre Choquet

At the USSD (US Society on Dams) variety of topics, followed by ques- for monitoring. Sam Johansson of
Annual Meeting and Conference tions and discussion in the seven-hour HydroResearch in Sweden, and Dan-
in Glendale, Arizona in February event. Moderating the workshop were iele Inaudi of Smartec in Switzerland
2013, the Committee for Monitoring Pierre Choquet of RST Instruments described use of fiber optic cables
Dams and their Foundations hosted and Christopher Hill of MWD of for temperature and strain monitor-
a workshop titled State of the Art Southern California. ing, respectively. Johansson made the
Technologies for Monitoring Dams Two speakers came from Europe to point that temperature monitoring for
and Levees. Fourteen speakers made describe the use of fiber optic cables dams is a long-established practice to
short presentations about a wide estimate seepage flows, especially in

26 Geotechnical News June 2013 www.geotechnicalnews.com


GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

some European countries, and fiber through time. was on deformation measurement.
optic is merely a newer technology William Doll of Battelle presented the A rail-mounted system for accu-
for temperature measurements with background and the current status of rate horizontal measurements using
the added advantage of distributed an airborne electromagnetic survey terrestrial inSar was presented by
measurements. Inaudi gave a number system using a low-flying helicopter. Larry Olson, of Olson Engineer-
of examples of strain measurement This system was tested on a levee ing. Pieter Bas Leezenbeg of Hansje
especially for dam and levee slope segment and showed good correlation Brinker, although unable to attend
deformation monitoring and showed with areas that are dominated by clays the workshop because of last minute
how the hardware has improved or sands as well as known sand boil commitments, had prepared slides
recently. Among these improvements locations. on satellite-based InSAR applied
are fiber optic cables designed espe- to deformation monitoring of dams
Yogi Sookhu of Gotham Analytics
cially for buried applications as well with millimeter accuracy. A 3-D
talked about extensive data communi-
as improved software. laser scanning system being used for
cation systems being used to transmit
Four presenters described several geo- dam deformation measurements by
multiple streams of monitoring data
physical techniques that can be used the Metropolitan Water District was
along robust paths. One data stream he
for dam monitoring. Gordon Anderlini shown by Julio Castillo of MWD.
focused on is from long-wave infrared
of BC Hydro uses crosshole seismic Finally, Craig Hewes of Leica made
cameras that may be used to measure
shear wave tomography to character- a presentation on using differential
wet surfaces and provide notification
ize and confirm the remediation of a GPS and total stations for deformation
in the event of sudden enlargement of
past sinkhole. Continued monitoring monitoring.
wet areas.
of the sinkhole repairs and embank- An abstract of the 14 presentations
There were four presentations focused
ment dam is done using the simplified can be downloaded from the follow-
on topics of traditional instrumenta-
common elevation method which ing link: http://mail.rstinstruments.
tion. Jay Stateler of the US Bureau of
has proven to be very repeatable. By com/DOWNLOADS/USSD2013.pdf .
Reclamation talked about anomalous
monitoring changes in patterns of The email address of each presenter is
readings and the process by which
seismic wave velocity between bore- included in the document for anyone
an anomalous reading is turned into
holes, Anderlini monitors changes in who would be interested to obtain
an interpretation of how the dam is
void ratio and/or stress with time and their PowerPoint presentation.
performing. Jim Hummert of URS
expects to get early warning of future Additionally, a slightly modified
showed results from DamSmart and
sinkhole or internal erosion develop- program based on this workshop will
related products that focus on help-
ment. be facilitated at the 81st Annual Meet-
ing the user manage and graph data.
Phil Sirles of Zonge International, a Pierre Choquet of RST Instruments ing of ICOLD (International Com-
geophysics company, described how and Christopher Hill of Metropolitan mission on Large Dams) in Seattle,
traditional geophysical methods, Water District of Southern Califor- WA on August 16, 2014 (http://www.
especially seismic, resistivity and nia presented information about the icold2013.org/workshops.html)
self-potential are used beneficially for progress of data acquisition systems Christopher J. Hill
assessment of internal erosion, seep- focusing on changes in communica- Team Manager, Safety of Dams
age mapping and soil composition in tion topology and energy usage. These Team, Metropolitan Water District
dam embankments and foundations. improvements are gradually making of Southern California, P.O. Box
He also discussed a project that is automatic data acquisition systems 54153, Los Angeles, CA 90054,
underway deploying wireless solar- more and more practical for users. U.S.A. 213-217-7969, chill@
powered self-potential and resistivity Finally, in this section, Erik Mikkelsen mwdh2o.com
instrumentation for early detection of GeoMetron made a case for the Pierre Choquet
of seepage and internal erosion using value of fully-grouted piezometers and Vice-President of Sales, RST Instru-
buried electrodes and passive sen- described how to install them for best ments Ltd., 11545 Kingston Street,
sors, thereby enabling 4D monitor- effect. Maple Ridge, BC, Canada, 604-540-
ing, i.e., geophysical measurements
The final section of the workshop 1100, pchoquet@rstinstruments.com

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GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

Field monitoring challenges, Episode 2


Unforeseen movements (depth and magnitude)

Marcelo Chuaqui and Wing Lam

Introduction safety of all those involved in the ground utility deformation.


Continuing our series on Field Moni- construction. Within the proposed widened por-
toring Challenges from the perspective In describing these challenges, poten- tion of the road, two sheet pile walls,
of a specialized monitoring contractor, tial solutions and the results, we hope- approximately 13 metres apart,
we present situations where we could fully provide some lessons learned. contained an area of 0.4 MPa filler
not execute a monitoring program as caissons that were part of a drilled
planned or where unexpected chal- Challenge Unforeseen Move- shaft peat removal plan. Within this
lenges arose. Typically the constraints ments (Depth and Magnitude) area, slightly offset from the sheet pile
consist of short schedules, limited In the Greater Toronto Area, a walls, caisson walls would be installed
budgets, no easy access to areas, dam- roadway was being reconstructed with 20 MPa concrete for king piles
age to equipment or instrumentation, that included widening the road into and anchor piles and 2 MPa concrete
lack of understanding of roles and an adjacent wetland area in difficult for primary and secondary fillers.
responsibilities, unexpected changes, ground conditions that included soft Anchor piles would contain double
and conflicting priorities/goals/experi- peat. The peat line was estimated wide flange I-beams. The two caisson
ence amongst project stakeholders. to extend approximately 13 metres walls would be connected together
In these instances, the situation has below grade at some points. The soft with tie-rods and tiebacks would
to be evaluated and solutions must be and variable wetland soils would not limit the wall movement. The length
implemented to continue providing the be able to provide adequate support of the proposed road widening was
monitoring data. The data are valuable and lateral confinement for the road approximately 110 metres. Sections of
for assessing the performance of a and associated utilities. A permanent the proposed widening are shown in
design or structure, to verify assump- retaining wall was to be put in place Figures 1 and 2.
tions and mitigate risk, as well as the to limit the potential road and under- The monitoring plan for the retaining
wall system included 15 inclinometers,
68 to 108 feet in length, both attached
to piles and borehole locations to mea-
sure below ground movements.
Twenty four deep monitoring points
were installed in two rows along the
length of the proposed road area to
measure ground settlement. These
were designed in order to be able to
add a section to the monitoring point
as fill material raised the grade. A base
plate was welded to a steel rod sec-
tion that was allowed to move freely
vertically and surrounded by steel
pipe sections. Centralizers kept the
steel rod section correctly positioned
as rods and pipe sections were added
using couplers. When readings were
required, the protective top cap was
removed and a specially machined bar
with a reflective target was coupled to
the internal steel rod.
Figure 1. Section of proposed widened road showing wetlands.

28 Geotechnical News June 2013 www.geotechnicalnews.com


GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

inclinometer locations, the top of the


casings were surveyed using a total
station and a survey prism pole placed
at a specific point on the casing. The
survey determined the geodetic posi-
tion of the top of the casing that was
then used as the reference point from
which movements were calculated.
The resulting data showed a shift of
the inclinometer profile adjusted for
each reading with the changes in the
x and y co-ordinates according to the
survey at the top. An example of the
adjusted inclinometer plot is shown
on Figure 4 showing this shift in the
profile.

Lessons Learned
Lesson learned 1: Benefits of a
complete monitoring program.
This case history highlights the value
Figure 2. Section of proposed widened road with piles.

In addition, at two locations 25 metre the inclinometer casings would be


length multi-point borehole exten- anchored in stable ground and used as
someters (MPBXs) were installed that a fixed reference point for calculation
were modified to measure conver- of movements as is usual practice. The
gence in the backfilled area and reflec- lengths of the casing were determined
tive pile targets were also placed at the by the engineer with the available data
top of sheet piles adjacent to the exist- at the time. Review of the borehole
ing road for monitoring of horizontal inclinometer plots, in conjunction with
and vertical movement of the wall. the other monitoring data, particularly
A typical section of the monitoring unexpected divergent movements in
plan is shown in Figure 3. the MPBX data, suggested that the
bottom of the casings were not in a
The ground conditions proved to be
fixed position but in ground that was
more challenging than initially fore-
experiencing significant movements.
seen with the initial assumptions with
greater than predicted movements. It In order to continue to provide valu-
was anticipated that the bottoms of able subsurface information at these

Figure 4. Sample of inclinometer


Figure 3. Typical section of monitoring plan. plot.

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GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

of a complete instrumentation plan, personnel and engineer should have a In would have been easy to simply
with more than one instrument type. clear understanding that the instrument stop monitoring the inclinometers
This permitted cross checking of criti- should be installed in a stable stratum when it was determined that the bot-
cal readings across different instru- and what to expect and look for dur- tom of the casings were not anchored
ment types that aided in determining ing the drilling of the borehole. If the in stable ground but understanding
a problem with the inclinometer data. field conditions differ than expected, their importance and providing the
The surveying of the top of casing communication is important to modify value added service of providing a
allowed for combined readings to procedures as required to ensure solution is immeasurable to relation-
provide a more complete representa- expectations are met. ships among stakeholders.
tion of what was happening above Lesson learned 3: Be adaptable to Marcelo Chuaqui
and below surface. The deep monitor- the project and client needs.
ing points and MPBXs also provided General Manager
This case history documents an
additional redundancy and means of example of a monitoring problem that Wing Lam
correlation. occurred after installation and well Instrumentation Specialist
Lesson learned 2: Communication into the construction project. However,
and education of needs. some innovative thinking was able to Monir Precision Monitoring Inc.,
2359 Royal Windsor Drive, Unit 25,
During installation of the borehole provide a solution so that subsurface
Mississauga, ON, CAN, L5J 4S9,
inclinometers, there was a lack of movement of the wall under construc- 905-822-0090, marcelo@monir.ca,
understanding of what was required tion and the ground in the area was wing@monir.ca
for a successful installation. The field available.

Some on-line sources of information about


geotechnical instrumentation

John Dunnicliff

Introduction The U.K. Institution of Civil these technical reasons is that


This article is intended as a reference Engineers on-line manual, monitoring programs generally
document, and includes the following Manual of Geotechnical save money. Allen Marr is the
on-line sources of information about Engineering (MOGE) author of this section.
geotechnical instrumentation: General description of the manual Systematic approach to plan-
The U.K. Institution of Civil ning monitoring programs us-
MOGE consists of nearly 100 chap-
Engineers on-line manual, Manual ing geotechnical instrumenta-
ters, covering a wide spectrum of
of Geotechnical Engineering tion. This 20-step sermon will
geotechnical engineering: www.icev-
(MOGE) be familiar to many readers of
irtuallibrary.com/icemanuals/MOGE.
Websites of manufacturers of geo- GIN. It includes the vital topic
There are two chapters about geotech-
technical instrumentation. of how to assign tasks for the
nical instrumentation and monitoring,
Linkedin construction phase such that
which update parts of the red book:
Geotechnical Instrumentation News high quality data are obtained.
Chapter 94. Principles of geotech-
(GIN) The sermon is followed by an
nical monitoring. There are three
example of planning a moni-
The article is based on a paper pre- sections:
toring program for an embank-
sented during the Eighth Symposium Benefits of geotechnical moni-
ment on soft ground.
on Field Measurements in GeoMe- toring. The principal technical
General guidelines on execu-
chanics (FMGM), held in Berlin, reasons for recommending
tion of monitoring programs,
Germany in September 2011. a geotechnical monitoring
including all tasks during the
program for a project are de-
construction phase.
scribed. A common feature of

30 Geotechnical News June 2013 www.geotechnicalnews.com


GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

Chapter 95. Types of geotechnical Usage of Instrumentation. The use e-mail, orders@pssc.com, or tele-
instrumentation and their usage. section indicates the general phone (978) 829-2544.
There are two sections: role of instrumentation for 12 Websites of manufacturers of
Types of geotechnical in- types of construction proj- geotechnical instrumentation
strumentation. Instruments ects. For each project type a Table 1 lists websites of manufactur-
are described for monitoring table summarizes the possible ers with a wide range of products and
groundwater pressure, de- geotechnical questions that Table 2 lists websites of manufacturers
formation, load and strain in may lead to the use of instru- of specialized products, indicating the
structural members and total mentation, and indicates some product types. I recognize that these
stress. The section includes of the types of instruments that tables are bound to be incomplete,
applications, descriptions of can be considered for helping despite efforts to be as comprehensive
how each instrument works, to provide answers to those as possible.Ive limited these lists
with schematic diagrams, and questions. to manufacturers, and have made no
various other details intended These two chapters can be down- attempt to include service compa-
to help the user. loaded for $30 each. As an alternative niesto include them would be an
to ordering on the website, you can unachievable challenge.

Table 1: Manufacturers with a wide range of products


Company Name and Country Website
Ace Instrument Co., Ltd., Korea www.aceco.co.kr
Dong-A Geovan, Korea http://geovan.en.ec21.com
Durham Geo Slope Indicator, USA www.slopeindicator.com
Encardiorite, India www.encardio.com
Geodata, Austria www.geodata.com
Geo-instrumentation, France www.geo-instrumentation.fr
Geo-Instruments, USA www.geo-instruments.com
Geostar, Taiwan http://geostar.ueuo.com
Geokon, USA www.geokon.com
Geonor, Norway www.geonor.no
Geotechnical Systems, Australia www.geotechsystems.com.au
Gloetzl, Germany www.gloetzl.com
Huggenberger, Switzerland www.huggenberger.com
itmsoil, England www.soil.co.uk
itmsoil Interfels, Germany www.interfels.com
Kyowa, Japan www.kyowa-ei.co.jp
Marton Geotechnical Services, www.mgs.co.uk
England
Roctest, Canada www.roctest-group.com
RST, Canada www.rstinstruments.com
SimStrumenti, Italy www.simstrumenti.com
Sisgeo, Italy www.sisgeo.it
Solexperts, Switzerland www.solexperts.com
Telemac, France www.telemac.fr
Toyoko Elmes, Japan www.elmes.co.jp/hp-en/E-index.html
Tokyo Sokki Kenkyjo, Japan www.tml.jp/e/index.html

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GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

Table 2: Manufacturers of specialized products


Company Name and Country Products Website
Alert Solutions, the Netherlands Systems for online monitoring based www.alertsolutions.nl
on micronano technology sensors
Amberg, Switzerland 3D laser scanning www.amberg.ch
Applied Geomechanics, USA Tiltmeters, vibrating wire sensors, www.geomechanics.com
dataloggers, fiber optics, GPS
Avongard, USA Crack gages www.avongard.com
BAT, Sweden Piezometers www.bat-gms.com
Campbell Scientific, USA Dataloggers, time domain www.campbellsci.com
reflectometry readout units, vibrating
wire noise filters
Canary Systems, USA Web-based data management software, www.canarysystems.com
vibrating wire noise filters

Cautus Geo, Norway Web-based data management software www.cautusgeo.com


Consoil, Sweden Liquid level settlement gages www.consoil.se
CMCS, England Load cells www.cmcs.co.uk
C.S.G., Italy Differential multiparametric systems www.csgsrl.eu
(DMS): in-place inclinometers and
multi-piezometers
DataTaker, Australia Dataloggers www.datataker.com
Druck, USA Pressure sensors, level meters, www.ge-mcs.com
flowmeters
Fibersensing, Portugal Fiber-optic sensing systems www.fibersensing.com
FOS&S, Belgium Fiber-optic sensing systems www.fos-s.be
Gage Technique, England Strain gages www.gage-technique.demon.co.uk
Gamma Remote Sensing, Switzerland Gamma portable radar interferometer www.gamma-rs.ch
Geocomp, USA Web-based data management www.geocomp.com
software, dataloggers
Geodaq, USA In-place inclinometers www.geodaq.com
Geomation, USA Dataloggers www.geomation.com
Geotechnical Observations, England Flushable piezometers www.geo-observations.com
GeoSig, Switzerland Earthquake/vibration monitoring www.geosig.com
GeoTDR, USA Time domain reflectometry http://geotdr.com
Getec, England Liquid level settlement gages, www.getec-uk.com
fiber-optic sensing systems
Gridpoint Solutions, Northern Ireland 3D laser scanning http://gridpointsolutions.com
Hansje Brinker, the Netherlands PS-Insar satellite monitoring www.hansjebrinker.com
Heron Instruments, Canada Groundwater products www.heroninstruments.com
Hydroresearch, Sweden Fiber-optic sensing system www.hydroresearch.se
Idetec, France Vibration monitoring www.idetec.eu
Imetrum, England Digital image correlation www.imetrum.com
In Situ, USA Groundwater products http://www.in-situ.com

32 Geotechnical News June 2013 www.geotechnicalnews.com


GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

Table 2: Manufacturers of specialized products, contd


Company Name and Country Products Website
Instantel, USA Vibration monitoring www.instantel.com
Inventec, the Netherlands Fiber-optic sensing systems www.inventec.nl
Jauges Saugnac, France Crack gages www.jauges-saugnac.fr
Keynetix, England Web-based data management software www.keynetix.com
Kinemetrics, USA Earthquake/vibration monitoring www.kinemetrics.com
Laser Solutions, Russia Fiber-optic sensing systems www.lscom.ru
Leica Geosystems, USA Robotic total stations, 3D laser www.leica-geosystems.com
scanning, GPS
Magellan, USA GPS www.magellangps.com
Marmota, Switzerland Fiber-optic sensing systems www.marmota.com
Maxwell Geosystems, Hong Kong Web-based data management software www.maxwellgeosystems.com
Mayes, England Demec strain gages www.mayes.co.uk
Measurand, Canada ShapeAccelArray (SAA) in-place www.measurand.com
inclinometers
Micron Optics, USA Fiber-optic sensing systems www.micronoptics.com
Mitre, Canada Inclinometer software www.mitre.com
Omnisens, Switzerland Fiber-optic sensing systems www.omnisens.ch
Onset, USA Dataloggers www.onsetcomp.com
OpSens, Canada Fiber-optic sensing systems www.opsens.com
Penny and Giles, England Displacement transducers www.pennyandgiles.com
Profound, the Netherlands Liquid level settlement gauges www.profound.nl
Reflex, Sweden Borehole survey equipment www.reflexinstruments.com
Schlumberger, Canada Westbay Multilevel Groundwater www.swstechnology.com
Monitoring Systems
Sensornet, England Fiber-optic sensing systems www.sensornet.co.uk
Sigra, Australia Extensometers, stress cells, pressure www.sigra.com.au
transducers
Sireg, Italy Inclinometer casing www.sireg.it
Smartec, Switzerland Fiber-optic sensing systems www.roctest-group.com
Soilmoisture, USA Tensiometers (soil suction) www.soilmoisture.com
SolData, France Web-based data management software www.soldatagroup.com
Solinst, Canada Piezometers www.solinst.com
Strainstall, England Load cells and crack gages www.strainstall.com
Syscom, Switzerland Earthquake/vibration monitoring www.syscom.ch
Tektronix, USA Time domain reflectometry readout www.tek.com
units
Tencate, The Netherlands Fiber-optic sensing systems www.tencate.com
Topcon Sokkia, Japan Robotic total stations, GPS www.topcon.com
Trimble, USA Robotic total stations, GPS www.trimble.com

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GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION NEWS

Table 2: Manufacturers of specialized products, contd


Company Name and Country Products Website
Turner Designs, USA Fluorometers for flow monitoring www.turnerdesigns.com
Vibrock, England Vibration monitoring www.vibrock.com
Vista Data Vision, Iceland Web-based data management software www.vistadatavision.com
VMT, Germany Ring convergence measurement www.vmt-gmbh.de/387.html?&L=
system for tunnels

Linkedin M.I.T. Monitoring of Infrastructure www.geotechnicalnews.com/instru-


& Terrain mentation_news.php. As youre likely
www.linkedin.com has numerous
The first of the three is the most active, to know by now, theres an index of
Facebook-type networking groups,
and currently has several worthwhile articles that are on the web, more
allowing us to initiate discussions and
topics. than 100 downloadable articles, and
to post comments. The following are
guidelines on how to submit articles to
the most relevant for us: Geotechnical Instrumentation me for future GINs. As I keep say-
Geotechnical and Structural Instru- News (GIN) ingplease help to keep this going by
mentation & Monitoring For completeness, I should include sending me an abstractdetails are in
Geotechnical & Structural Instru- GIN in this article: the guidelines.
mentation

Klohn Crippen Berger establishes new graduate


scholarship at the University of Alberta

Vivian Giang

Earle J. Klohn dams and has specialized in the design


presented the of embankments and the foundations
inaugural award for heavy industrial developments.
to Nicholas Beier At the dinner, Watts made a surprise
at the Fairmont announcement of an additional dona-
Hotel Macdonald tion of $100,000 to the endowment,
in Edmonton. now worth $250,000. This scholar-
KCB donated ship is a testament to Klohn Crippen
$150,000 to cre- Bergers vision and commitment to
ate an endow- building the next generation of geo-
ment fund which technical engineers, said Dr. Ward
will provide Wilson, Professor at the Department
scholarships of Civil & Environmental Engineer-
(L to R): Ward Wilson, Nicholas Beier, Earle Klohn and
valued at a mini- ing. In his speech, Klohn, who gradu-
Dave Sego. (Courtesy of Jen Stogowski Photography).
mum of $5,000 ated from the University of Alberta
On May 6, 2013, the Geotechnical annually to outstanding students pur- with Bachelors and Masters Degrees
Centre at the University of Alberta cel- suing graduate research in the field of in Civil Engineering, recognized the
ebrated the establishment of the Earle geotechnical engineering specializing Universitys strong history of geo-
Klohn Graduate Scholarship in Geo- in the geotechnical behaviour or the technical education and training and
technical Engineering. Klohn Crippen environmental impact of mine tailings. mentoring of geotechnical engineers.
Berger Ltd. (KCB) President & CEO Klohn is an international authority on I am honoured that [KCB] would do
Bryan Watts and scholarship namesake the design and construction of tailings something like this for me.

34 Geotechnical News June 2013 www.geotechnicalnews.com

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