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Listed below are examples and uses of modal verbs of probability. Modal verbs of probability are used to express
an opinion of the speaker based on information that the speaker has. Example: He must be at work; it's 10
o'clock. In this case, the speaker is 100 % sure that the person is at work based on the speaker's knowledge that
the person in question usually works at during the day.
Examples Usage
They must be in
Spain by now. Use 'must' plus the verb when you are
She must have 100% (or almost 100%) sure that
done well on the something is the case.
test.
She might come
this evening.
Structure
In the present: Subject + Modal + Base
Form + Objects
must be
I
You might be
He, She at work.
We could be
They
can't be
Use must, might, may, could or can't plus the correct form of the verb.
EXERCISE 1
1. Where is David? He _________________ (be) at school. Classes begin at 8.
3. I'm absolutely sure! They _________________ (arrive) yesterday, I saw their ticket.
4. Are you joking! David _________________ (go) to Paris last week. He doesn't have
enough money.
8. Jane _______________________ (leave) the party with John last night, but Im not
sure.
EXERCISE 2
6. Theyre always buying new cars Im certain they make a lot of money.
KEY TO EXERCISE 1
1. must be 2. cant think 3. must have arrived 4. cant have gone 5. might live 6. must
have been 7. could be 8. may/might have left
KEY TO EXERCISE 2
1. She must be at home. 2. You must be crazy. 3. That cant be Janet. 4. She must think
Im stupid. 5. I must look silly in this coat. 6. They must make a lot of money.