Anna University

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK

CE 2254 SURVEYING II

TWO MARK QUESTIONS

UNIT I

1. What are the three types of telescope used in stadia surveying?

2. What are the advantages of an anallactic lens used in tacheometer?

3. List merits and demerits of movable hair method in tacheometric survey.

4. Compare tangential and stadia methods.

5. What is the difference between a theodolite and tacheometer?

6. What is tangential tacheometry?

7. What are the different systems of tacheometric survey?

8. What is a Base net?

UNIT II

1. What is meant by third order or tertiary triangulation?

2. Explain the terms true error and most probable error.

3. Name two groups of people involved in the measuring the base line .

4. What is a satellite station?

5. What is meant by phase of a signal?

6. Enlist the types of signals used in triangulation.

7. What are the corrections to be applied for terrestrial refraction in

geodetic surveying?
8. Give the classification of triangulation system.

UNIT III

1. How are normal equations formed in theory of errors?

2. Explain the term constellations of the zodiac.

3. List three types of errors occur in measurement.

4. What are the conditions to be satisfied when correcting the measured angles?

5. Differentiate between conditioned quantity and conditional equation.

6. Define weight of an observation.

7. What are the corrections to be applied to the observed altitude of sun?

8. What are the advantages of total station as compared to a theodolite?

UNIT IV

1. What are the types of night signals to be used in triangulation survey?

2. Give the relationship for conversion of sidereal time to mean time.

3. Describe nautical almanac.

4. What is the relation between the Right ascension and Hour Angle?

5. Distinguish between sidereal time and standard time.

6. What is meant by declination?

7. What is the weight of an observation?

8. What is meant by satellite station?

UNIT V

1. What is meant by three point problem in hydrographic surveying?

2. Explain the term Cartography.

3. What are lunar and solar ides?

4. List two characters of contour lines.

5. State the principle of EDM.

6. Define tilt displacement

7. Name the different equipments needed for soundings.

8. List the equipments used for measurement of base line.

SIXTEEN MARK QUESTIONS

UNIT I

1. Write a detailed notes on projection, map generalization map symbology and map

design, while generating a map. (16)

2. (i) Explain how you would determine the constants of a tacheometer. (4)

(ii) A tacheometer was set up at station A and the following readings were obtained

on a vertically held staff.

Hair reading

Station Staff station Vertical angle 3.225, Remarks

A B.M. -2 18 3.550 R.L. of B.M. is 437.655 m

And 3.875

1.650

B +8 36 2.515

And 3.380

Calculate the horizontal distance from A to B and the R.L. of B, if the constants of
the instrument were 100 and 0.4. (12)
3. (i) Explain how a subtense bar is used with a theodolite to determine the
horizontal distance between two points.

(ii) A theodolite has a tacheometric multiplying constant of 100 and an additive

constant of zero. The centre reading on a vertical staff held at point B was 2.292 m
when sighted from A. If the vertical angle was +25 and the horizontal distance AB
190.326 m,

calculate the other staff readings and show that the two intercept intervals are
not equal. Using these values, calculate the level of B if A is 37.950 m angle of
depression and the height of the instrument is 1.35 m. (10)

4. (i) Explain the different between tangential and stadia tacheometry. (8)

(ii) How will you determine the stadia constants? (8)

UNIT II

1. Discuss about the principles of subtense method for vertical base observations.
(16)

2. A theodolite has a tacheometric multiplying constant 100 and an additive constant

of zero. The center reading on a vertical staff held at point B was 2.292 m when
sighted

from A. If the vertical angle was +25 and the horizontal distance AB 190.326 m.

Calculate the staff intercept at B. Using these values, calculate the level of B if A
is 37.950 m above msl and the height of the instrument 1.35 m. (16)

3. (i) Explain the principle of subtense method n tacheometricsurveying. (4)

(ii) A line was leveled tacheometrically with a tacheometer fitted with an

anallactic lens, the value of the constant being 100. The following observations were
made, the staff having been held vertically :

Inst. Ht. of axis Staff Vertical Staff

Remarks
Station (m) at angle readings

A 1.38 B.M. -1 54 1.02, 1.720, 2.420 R.L.

B 1.38 B +2 36 1.220, 1.825, 2.430 638.55 m

C 1.40 C +3 6 0.785, 1.610, 2.435 -

Compute the elevation of A, B and C.

4. The altitude of two proposed stations A and B, 100 km apart, are respectively 420
m and 700 m. The intervening obstruction situated at C, 70 km from A as an
elevation of 478 m. Ascertain if a and B are intervisible, and if necessary find by how
much B should be raised so that the line of sight must nowhere be less than 3 m
above the surface of the ground. (16)

5. (i) Explain with reference to signals, Non-luminous, luminous and night

signals, and phase of signals. (8)

(ii) A tape 20 m long of standard length at 29C was used to measure a line, the
mean temperature during measurement being 19 C. The measured distance was
882.10 meters, the following being the slopes : 2 20 for 100m ; 4 12 for 150 m; 1
6 for 50m; 7 48 for 200 m; 3 00 for 300 m;5 10 for 82.10 m; Find the
true length of the line if the coefficient of expansion is 6.5 x 10 -6 per degree F. (8)

6. (i) What are the different methods by which the difference in elevation could
be determined? Name the corrections to be applied. (8)

(ii) Write short notes on :

(1) Selection of site for Base line (4)

(2) Satellite station. (4)

UNIT III

1. The angles of the triangle ABC were recorded as A = 77 14 20 weight 4; (16)

B = 49 40 35 weight 3: C = 53 04 52 weight 2; Give the corrected values of the

angles.

2. (i) Explain the general principles of least squares. (8)

(ii) What are the laws of random errors? (8)

3. (i) explain an eccentric station (satellite station) may be selected in

triangulation survey. (4)
(ii) From a satellite station S, 5.8 m from the main triangulation station a,
the following directions were observed.

A 0 0 0

B 132 18 30

C 233 24 6

D 296 6 11

The length AB, AC and AD were computed to be 3265.5 m, 4022.2 m and 3086.4
m respectively.

Determine the directions of AB, AC and AD.

4. (i) How will you obtain error from direct observations of unequal weights on
a single quantity? (6)

5. (i) Explain the different Laws of weights as applicable to the theory of errors. (8)

(ii) The angles of a triangle ABC were recorded as follows:

A = 77 14 20 weight 4

B=

UNIT IV

1. Calculate the suns azimuth and hour angle at sunset at a place in (16)

latitude 42 30 N, when is declinations is

(i) 22 12 N and

(ii) 22 12 S

2. Enumerate and explain the relationships between the coordinates of celestial

sphere. (16)

3. (i) Explain the method of prediction of tide at a place using non-

harmonic constants. (10)

(ii) Explain the procedure to use fathometer in ocean sounding. (6)

4. (i) Explain the method of plotting of plain metric maps by radial method. (12)
(ii) What are the applications of photogrammetry? (4)

UNIT V

1. From the satellite station S 5.8 m from the main triangulation station A the
following directions were observed: (16)

A 00 0 0

B 132 18 30

C 232 24 6

D 296 6 11

The length AB, AC and AD were 3265.5 m, and 4022.2 m and 3086.2 m respectively.

Determine the directions of AB, AC and AD.

(ii) Find the most probable value of angles A, B and C of a triangle ABC, from
the following observation equations: (10)

A = 68 12 36

B = 53 46 12

C = 58 01 16

2. (i) What are the conditions necessary in deciding the extension of Base (Base
net)? (4)

(ii) The following angles were measured at a station O so as to close the horizon:

Angle AOB = 83 42 28.75 weight 3 (12)

BOC = 102 15 43.26 weight 2

COD = 94 38 27.2 weight 4

DOA = 79 23 23.77 weight 2.

Adjust the angles by method of correlates.

3. Calculate the azimuth of the sun and hour angle at sunset at a place in latitude 55
N, when its declination is : (16)

(i) 20 N
(ii) 30 N

(iii) 15 S and

(iv) 20 S

4. A zenith pair observation of a star crossing the meridian was made to determine
the latitude of a place. Refraction correction = - R cot . (16)

Star Declinatin Altitude

X1 15 15 17 N 62 15 20 S

X2 70 43 13 N 62 17 30 N

Find R and the latitude of the place.

5. (i) Derive the parallax equation for the ground coordinates of a point. (10)

(ii) A pair of photographs was taken with an aerial camera from an altitude of 500
m above msl. The mean principle base measured is equal to 90 mm? The
difference in parallax between two points is 1.48 mm. Find the difference in height
between two points if the elevation of the lower point is 500 m above the datum.
What will be the difference in elevation if the parallax difference is 15.5 mm? (6)

6. (i) Explain three point problem and strength fix in hydrographic surveying. (8)

(ii) Explain cadastral surveying and its legal values. (8)

7. (i) Explain the method of prediction of tide at a place using non-

harmonic constants. (10)

(ii) Explain the procedure to use fathometer in ocean sounding. (6)

8. (i) Explain the method of plotting of plain metric maps by radial method. (12)

(ii) What are the applications of photogrammetry? (4)