Site Design EP

Site Design by Eagle Point
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SITE DESIGN
TA B L E
OF
CONTENTS
1 Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Project Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Soil Borings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3-D Feature Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Slope Projection Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Calculate Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Draw Feature Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Interpolate Additional Geometry . . . . . . .15
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings . . . 17
3-D Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Assign Grade to Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Assign Grade to Object Settings . . . . . . . . . . 22
Track Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Project Plan Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Change Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table of Contents i
3 Project Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Project Slopes to Surface Model . . . . . . . 28
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Project Slopes to Catchline . . . . . . . . . . . 31
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Project Slopes to Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Erase Project Lines by Selection . . . . . . 38
Transition Slope Projections
long Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Around Corner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4 Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Calculate Prismoidal Volumes . . . . . . . . 44
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Volume Verification Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Calculate Slice Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Balance Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Balance Volumes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
5 Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Analyze Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
New Slope Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Generate Slope Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Show Shadow Flowlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Make Flowlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Calculate Grade & Distance . . . . . . . . . . 69
ii Site Design
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Annotate Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Annotate Slope Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Make Flow Hachures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Show Shadow Slope Contours . . . . . . . .76
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Slope Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Make Intermediate and Index Slope
Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Make Intermediate Slope Contours . . . . .82
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Make Index Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . .83
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Make User-Defined Slope Contours . . . .85
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Annotate Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . .87
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Annotate Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
6 Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Place Spot Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Spot Depth Stakes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Place Grid Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Grid Depth Stakes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Track Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Show Shadow Depth Contours . . . . . . .100
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Depth Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Make Intermediate and Index Depth
Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Make Intermediate Depth Contours . . . .106
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Make Index Depth Contours . . . . . . . . .109
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Make User-Defined Depth Contours . . .111
Table of Contents iii

QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Annotate Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . 113
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
7 Soil Boring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Manage Soil Boring Models . . . . . . . . . 118
New Soil Boring Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Edit Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
New Bore Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Modify Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
View Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Soil Boring Data Print Options . . . . . . . . . . . 126
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Import Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Export Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Make Soil Boring Surface Models . . . . . 131
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
View Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Site Design Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
iv Site Design
CONCEPTS
Site Design runs on AutoCAD, BricsCad, and
MicroStation.
CHAPTER
In this chapter:
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Chapter 1: Concepts 1
Introduction
Site Design provides several advanced commands to work with three-dimensional
objects and surface models. Some of Site Designs commands include:
! The ability to draw lines using a specified slope.
! Create 3-D offsets of three-dimensional lines with the ability to specify a relative
change in elevation.
! The ability to project slopes from given 3-D and 2-D lines at a proper elevation to a
specified surface model, offset or catchline.
! Compute surface-to-surface volumes using prismoidal or slice methods and the ability
to balance volumes.
! Generate slope contours based on a selected surface model.
! Generate relative depth contours from one surface to another.
! Analyze the grade of a model and determine the direction of flow of water from any
specified location.
Layout
The Layout commands allow you to create three-dimensional objects that can be used
when making surface models in Surface Modeling. Some of these commands include a
draw feature line command that allows you to draw lines at a specified grade and
distance. There is also an interpolate additional geometry command that allows you to
interpolate elevations along an object when there is sparse data. The 3-D Offset command
allows you to offset a 3-D object at a specified distance and relative in elevation to the
object from which you offset. You also have a command to assign a grade to an object. By
specifying the starting elevation of the object you select, the object will be modified to
match the grade you have entered. This is especially useful when you are drawing in 2-D
and want to change the objects to 3-D objects. The Track Coordinates command gives
you a quick way to check the elevation at various locations on a selected surface model.
The Project Plan Objects command allows you to project any 2-D object onto the surface
model so that the object is drawn in 3-D. You have an option of whether to modify the
existing object or make a copy of the object when it is projected.
Project Slopes
The Project Slopes commands allow you to project to a surface model, catchline or offset.
You also have the ability to transition the slopes along an object and around a corner. The
projected slopes from the object would start at a defined slope and transition to another
slope over the length of the object. This is very useful when you need to blend the slopes
2 Site Design
along a line as may be the case around bridge abutments, for example. Slope projections
Chapter 1: Concepts
are also used to create ponds, berms, building pads, etc., from which a surface model
may be created. These different design surface models can then be used later to create
the overall proposed site using the merge surface model command in Surface Modeling.
Volumes
The Volumes commands allow you to calculate the volumes between two surfaces using
the prismoidal or slice method. The volume calculations using the prismoidal formula are
very accurate. The prismoidal method uses a form of finite element analysis and is a true
volume calculation. Obviously, the volume calculation is as accurate as the data entered.
The prismoidal method first projects each side of the triangle onto an existing surface
model. This allows Site Design to locate the intersecting points on the surface model.
Next, the intersecting points are projected onto the triangle as shown in the figure below,
producing subregions with corresponding prisms. The prismoidal method then averages
the surface of the two true plane areas (which is the true area of the prism), multiplied by
the length between the planes. The length between planes is the distance between the
centroid of each proposed and existing subregion mass or polygon region. With the slice
method, Site Design calculates the prismoidal volumes and breaks the volume up into
slices. All of the slice volumes are then added to compute the total volume. If a boundary
is not specified, the program calculates volumes wherever the surface models overlap. If
the proposed surface model doesnt exactly tie into the original surface model, Site
Design assumes a vertical wall between the two surface models at the edge of the
proposed surface model. If the proposed surface model extends outside of the original
surface model, Site Design assumes a vertical well at the edge of the original surface
model. The volume is not calculated in the area where a void region exists in either of the
two surface models.
Figure 1-1 Prismoidal Volume Calculation Method in Isometric View
In addition to the volume calculation routines, you have the ability to balance volumes on a
site and create a new balanced surface model. When doing volume balancing, you have
Chapter 1: Concepts 3
the ability to balance to an exact balance or to a balance with an excess or deficiency. The
commands in Volumes will also generate volume reports that can be printed out or placed
in the CAD graphic.
Slopes
The Slopes commands allow you to analyze the slopes on a site as well as the direction of
flow of water on the site. You can also create slope contours for the site. The Analyze
Slopes command will create triangles in the CAD graphic, assigning colors to the different
triangles in different slope ranges. Thus, you can very quickly see where the problem
areas on a site may be. You can also take a drop of water and drop it on the site and see
where it will drain to using the Make Flowlines command. This is a very useful command
in locating storm sewer inlets. The Flow Hatchures command allows you to denote the
contours on the site that are the lowest contours on the site. The Slope Contours
commands allow you to create and annotate slope contours that are created from a
temporary surface model of the site created from the points of constant slope. This
temporary surface model is created by placing a point at the centroid of each triangle for
the specified surface model. This point at the centroid has an assigned slope value. The
slope contours are then generated based on these slope points. The Slope contours
represent points of constant slope.
Depths
The Depths commands allow you to place spot stakes and grid stakes that annotate the
depth between two specified surface models. You can also create depth contours that
represent contours of constant depth. When you place depth spot stakes, Nodes are
placed into the CAD graphic with the depth between the two surface models annotated.
You can use the depth grid stakes to create a grid of depth spot stakes. The depth
contours that are created represent areas of constant depth. This command is useful
when you want to find out where the minimum depth point is between two surface models,
such as calculating minimum clearance under a bridge.
Soil Borings
The Soil Borings command allow you to create Nodes that are placed based on depth, as
in the case of soil borings. You can also create surface models of these soil boring Nodes
to create sub surface models that represent different strata. In addition, you can import
and export boring Nodes.
4 Site Design
LAYOUT
In this chapter:
CHAPTER
3-D Feature Editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Draw Feature Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Interpolate Additional Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3-D Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Assign Grade to Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Track Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Project Plan Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Change Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2
Chapter 2: Layout 5
3-D Feature Editor
SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " 3-D FEATURE EDITOR
KEY-IN COMMAND: 3dfeatedit

The 3-D Feature Editor provides a means to edit lines/polylines/linestrings (with no arcs)
three-dimensionally. This allows you to quickly lay out complicated geometry by modifying
two-dimensional objects. When you select the object to edit, a circle appears in CAD
indicating what point you are currently editing. You may change the Northing, Easting and
elevation of the current point by entering them numerically or by picking in CAD. You can
also edit the direction, distance or grade from the current point to the next point by
entering them numerically or by picking in CAD. The geometry of the next point along the
object is displayed as static text next to the current point edit fields. As soon as an edit is
made and the Tab key is selected, the object is redrawn in CAD with the proper geometry.
You may add and delete points on the object using the Insert Points and Delete Point
commands. The Insert Points command allows you to enter additional points at specified
distances along the direction and grade from the current point to the next point. You may
also raise and lower the elevation of every point to an absolute elevation or change the
current elevations by a relative amount.
As the edits are being made slope projections to a surface model are also being
calculated internally so when you use the Preview Object command you may see the
object and its slope projections and catchlines. Additionally, a toggle on the Slope
Projections Settings dialog box allows you to create a surface model of the proposed
geometry. With this toggle on, selecting the Calculate Volumes or Preview Objects button
triangulates the current 3D object and any slope projection lines into the model name
specified. If slope projections are included, the catchline is used as a boundary for the
surface model. Once the 3D Feature Editor is closed, the toggle is set off and must be
explicitly turned on to triangulate a different object.
For information on setting up the slope projection options, see Slope Projection Settings
on page 9.
Volumes of this same geometry can also be calculated by selecting the Calculate Volumes
command.
Once you are satisfied with the slope projections and earthwork, use the Place button on
the Preview Objects dialog box to place the feature line, slope projection lines, and
catchline into CAD. The CAD Settings are taken from the Slope Projection Settings dialog
box. Previous slope projection lines will not be erased. Use the Erase Slope Projection
Lines by Selection command or the Erase By Selection button on the Project Slopes to
Surface Model command to erase previously drawn slope projection lines.
6 Site Design
# Use the Densify Objects command in Surface Modeling to approximate arc and curve
segments or manually draw chords through arc and curve segments.
Chapter 2: Layout
Figure 2-1 3-D Feature Editor Dialog Box
3-D Feature Editor Dialog Box

Option Icon Function
Point This field indicates the current point on the object that you are editing. The
three edit fields below (Northing, Easting and Elevation) correspond to the
current point geometry. The Direction to Next Point, Distance to Next Point
and Grade to Next Point edit fields control the position of the next point. By
default the beginning point is the first point on the line/polyline/linestring as it
is drawn in CAD. You can use the Next and Previous Point commands to
move the current point or you can enter the desired point number directly.
Tabbing out of this field changes the values in the edit fields beneath it.
Previous Point Click on this icon to move the current point to the prior vertex. If you are on
the first point of the object you are moved to the last point.
Next Point Click on this icon to move the current point to the next vertex. If you are on
the last point of the object you are moved to the first point.
Northing Type the Northing (Y) coordinate or set focus in the edit field and click on the
PIC button to select a coordinate from the CAD graphic.
Easting Type the Easting (X) coordinate or set focus in the edit field and use the PIC
button to select a coordinate from the CAD graphic.
Elevation Type the elevation value. This is the elevation of the current point when the
object is changed (edit fields lose focus or the Next/Previous Point command
is used). If you wish to hold the elevation of the current point when selecting a
Northing/Easting coordinate in CAD be sure to toggle off the Inherit Elevation
from CAD option.
Chapter 2: Layout 7
Inherit Elevation This toggle controls whether the point elevation is held at the current
from CAD elevation value or if the elevation is returned from a pick in CAD. Toggle the
option on if you would like to have elevations extracted from the point you
pick in CAD. If the point picked is not on an object the current or active
elevation is inherited. Leaving the option off holds the value of the entered
elevation when a new Northing and Easting is selected from CAD.
Direction to Next This edit field indicates the direction from the current point to the next point
Point on the object. When the current point is the last point on the object, this edit
field is disabled. If you change this value it moves the next point to the
calculated coordinate based on the direction, distance and grade to the next
point. Enter the direction directly or use the PIC button to graphically select a
distance by picking on object in CAD. Type the direction according to your
System Angular Units and Format as set in the project settings.
See Units and Formats in the Eagle Point Menu manual for more
information.
Distance to Next This edit field indicates the distance from the current point to the next point on
Point the object. When the current point is the last point on the object, this edit field
is disabled. If you change this value it moves the next point to the calculated
coordinate based on the direction, distance and grade to the next point. Enter
the distance directly or use the PIC button to graphically select a distance by
picking on object in CAD.
Grade to Next This edit field indicates the percent grade from the current point to the next
Point point on the object. When the current point is the last point on the object, this
edit field is disabled. If you change this value it moves the next point to the
calculated coordinate based on the direction, distance and grade to the next
point. Enter the grade as a percent of slope.
Insert Points Click on this icon to create additional vertices along the object. Additional
points are inserted at distances from the current point to the next point. The
elevations of the additional points are interpolated along the grade of the
current point and next point. You may insert a single point at a specified
horizontal distance from the current point, multiple points on a horizontal
distance interval or you may divide the segment between the current and
next point into equal pieces.
Delete Point This icon deletes the current point from the object.
Raise/Lower This icon can be used to change the elevation of every point on the object.
Points Choose between setting every point elevation to a constant, absolute
elevation or choose to raise/lower the object by a relative elevation amount.
8 Site Design
Slope Projection The Slope Projection Settings icon allows you to specify projection settings
Settings for the current object you are editing. The slopes and catchlines appear in the
Preview Object dialog box so you can view them three-dimensionally.
Additionally, you may toggle on to automatically create a surface model of the
proposed geometry (including any slope projections). If slope projections are
included, the catchline is used as a boundary for the surface model. Once the
3D Feature Editor is closed, the toggle is set off and must be explicitly turned
on to triangulate a different object.
For more information see Slope Project Settings, below..
Chapter 2: Layout
Calculate If you have established Slope Projection Settings, you can calculate the
Volumes prismoidal volume of the object and it's projected slopes and catchline by
clicking on this icon. The volumes are calculated between the surface model
specified in the Slope Projection Settings and the object with its slopes and
catchlines. If the toggle to create a surface model is on, the model is
generated whenever this button is selected.
For more information see Calculate Volumes on page 11.
Preview Object Click on this icon to preview the object you are editing in an OpenGL preview
dialog box. You may pan, zoom and rotate your perspective on the object as
well as turn on items to be displayed for a specified surface model (i.e,
surface triangles, contours, grid, etc.). If you have established Slope
Projection settings you also see the slopes and catchline projected from the
object. Additionally, if the option to create a surface model located on the
Slope Projection Settings dialog box (Figure 2-2 on page 10) is toggled on,
the model is generated whenever this icon is clicked on.
For more information see Preview Surface Model in the Surface Modeling
manual.
Select New Click on this button to select a different object to edit.
Object
Slope Projection Settings

SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " 3-D FEATURE EDITOR " SLOPE PROJECTION SETTING S
This command allows you to specify whether or not you would like Eagle Point to
automatically project slopes along the object you are editing. By toggling on the Perform
Slope Projections option, you may set up the criteria for projecting slopes along the object.
Choose the side to project to (based on the direction of the first segment of the object) and
which surface model to tie the slopes to. Then specify the cut and fill slopes you wish to
use and the intervals at which to project them. You may optionally project slopes to a
constant offset first then tie them into the specified surface model.
Additionally, a toggle on the Slope Projections Settings dialog box allows you to create a
surface model of the proposed geometry. With this toggle on, selecting the Calculate
Volumes or Preview Objects button triangulates the current 3D object and any slope
Chapter 2: Layout 9
projection lines into the model name specified. If slope projections are included, the
catchline is used as a boundary for the surface model. Once the 3D Feature Editor is
closed, the toggle is set off and must be explicitly turned on to triangulate a different
object.
When the Perform Slope Projection setting is toggled on, the slope lines and catchline
appear in the Preview Object dialog box (they are not placed in CAD). This provides a
quick way to view and analyze your design before committing the design into CAD. Use
the Place button on the Preview Objects dialog box to place the feature line, slope
projection lines and catchline into CAD. The CAD Settings are taken from the Slope
Projection Settings dialog box (below). Previous slope projection lines are not erased. Use
the Erase Slope Projection Lines by Selection command or the Erase By Selection button
on the Project Slopes to Surface Model command to erase previously drawn slope
projection lines.
Figure 2-2 Slope Projection Settings Dialog Box
Slope Projection Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Perform Slope Toggle this option on to have Eagle Point automatically project slopes when the
Projections Preview Object command is selected.
Side to Project Specify which side of the object that the slopes should be projected from by
to turning on the Left or the Right radio button. The side is based on the direction
of the first segment of the object.
Surface Model to Select the surface model to project to from the drop list. All Surface Models for
Project to the project are displayed in this drop list.
Use Constant Toggle this on to select a constant elevation to project toward. After selecting
Elevation this option, you can enter an elevation in the field to the right.
10 Site Design
Slope Projection Settings Dialog Box Definitions
Cut Slope This edit field lets you enter the desired slope when the projection line is in a cut
situation. The available slope types are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
Fill Slope This edit field lets you enter the desired slope when the projection line is in a fill
situation. The available slope types are % slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
Linear Interval This edit field is the maximum distance by which the slope projection lines are
separated. The slope projection lines are located at the triangle intersections
with the catchline. In the event that an intersection cannot be found or if they
are found a distance greater than the linear interval, the linear interval is used
to place additional slope projection lines.
Chapter 2: Layout
Radial Interval This edit field is used as the angle that the slope projection lines radiate from a
vertex of intersecting lines
Project to Toggle this option on to have the slope lines project to an offset before they tie
Constant Offset into a surface model.
First
Slope This edit field lets you enter the desired slope to the offset specified. Enter a
negative slope to project downward to the offset distance or a positive slope to
project upward to the offset distance. The available slope types are % Slope, H/
V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
Distance Enter the offset value to the side specified that you want the slope projections
lines to meet prior to tying into the surface model specified.
Surface Model to Toggle this option on to automatically create a surface model of the current
Create geometry when selecting the Calculate Volumes or Preview Objects commands
from the 3-D Feature Editor dialog box. Specify the destination model by setting
the drop list to the appropriate Surface Model name. Use the Manage Surface
Models button to add a new model. Once the 3D Feature Editor is closed, the
toggle is set off and must be explicitly turned on to triangulate a different object.
Manage Surface This icon allows you to display the Manage Surface Models dialog box so you
Models can add, modify, copy, delete, or summarize a surface model.
CAD Settings This icon allows you to set the parameters for the slope projection objects such
as color, layer/level, linetype/linestyle and width/weight. You may independently
set the CAD settings for the Feature Line, Cut Slope Projection Lines, Fill Slope
Projection Lines, and Catchline.
Calculate Volumes
SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " 3D FEATURE EDITOR " CALCULATE VOLUM ES
The Calculate Volumes command performs earthwork calculations for the object and its
slope projections and catchline. An internal surface model is made from the object and
slope projections so that a volume calculation can be made between it and the specified
surface model. The catchline that is formed during the slope projection is used as a
boundary for the surface model to provide accurate results. You may specify a constant
Chapter 2: Layout 11
elevation to calculate a volume between as well as specify Cut and Fill Compaction
factors. After you click on Apply the results are displayed in the dialog box.
Figure 2-3 Calculate Volumes Dialog Box
Calculate Volumes Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Surface Model Select the desired surface model for the original surface model from the drop list. All
Surface Models for the current project are displayed in the drop list.
Use Constant Toggle this option on if you want to use a constant elevation for the original surface.
Elevation Volumes will be calculated between this and the object with its slope projections and
catchline.
Use Compaction Toggle on this option if you want to apply a compaction factor to a cut or fill material.
Factors
Cut Compaction Specify the percent compaction that is applied to the material when calculating cut
Factor volumes. A positive value indicates a swell factor whereas a negative value indicates a
shrinkage of material.
Fill Compaction Specify the percent compaction that is applied to the material when calculating fill
Factor volumes. A positive value indicates a swell factor whereas a negative value indicates a
shrinkage of material.
12 Site Design
Draw Feature Line
S ITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " DRAW FEATURE LINE
KEY-IN COMMAND: sdfeatline

The Feature Line command is used for constructing 3-D objects at a user-defined slope or
elevation. It can also be used to draw lines at a percent slope, horizontal-over-vertical
slope, vertical-over-horizontal slope or unit per unit slope, or the line can be placed with
Chapter 2: Layout
absolute elevations for the vertices. This command is useful for constructing parking lots,
ditches and building pads, or for placing additional topographic information.
Figure 2-4 Draw Feature Line Dialog Box
Draw Feature Line Dialog Box Definitions

First Point This defines the starting point of the feature line. After the Northing, Easting
and elevation are entered, the Next Point frame is enabled.
! Northing: This is the Northing (Y) coordinate for the starting location
of the feature line. This can be entered by typing in the value or by
graphically selecting a location using the PIC button.
! Easting: This is the Easting (X) coordinate for the starting location of
the feature line. This can be entered by typing in the value or by
! Elevation: This is the Elevation (Z) coordinate for the starting location
of the feature line.
PIC This allows you to graphically select the Northing and Easting coordinates for
the feature line in CAD.
Draw Feature Line Dialog Box Definitions
Next Point This defines any of the following points of the feature line. This option is only
enabled after the first point is defined. You can define the next point by either
coordinate values or by direction and distance.
! Coordinates: Toggle this option on if you want to use coordinates for
the next point of the feature line.
! Distance/Direction: Toggle this option on if you want distance and
direction for the next point of the feature line. When this is toggled
on, the Northing label shown in the Next Point frame will be replaced
with Distance and the Easting label shown will be replaced with
Direction.
! Northing: This is the Northing (Y) coordinate for the next point of the
feature line. This can be entered by typing the value, or by
! Easting: This is the Easting (X) coordinate for the next point of the
feature line. This can be entered by typing the value, or by
! Elevation: This is the Elevation (Z) coordinate for the next point of
the feature line. If you enter a value in this field, the slope will be
calculated. The elevation will also be calculated from a slope value
that is entered in the Slope field.
! Slope: This is the slope to the next point of the feature line. If you
enter a value in this field, the elevation will be calculated. The slope
is also calculated from an elevation value that is entered in the
Elevation field. The types of slopes that are available to choose from
are % slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
QuickSteps
To create a feature line, complete the following steps:
1. Select Layout ! Feature Line.
This displays the Draw Feature Line dialog box (Figure 2-4 on page 13).
2. Enter the Northing and Easting coordinates for the first point of the feature line,
or graphically select the location by clicking on the PIC button and selecting the
location in the CAD graphic.
3. Enter the Elevation for the first point of the feature line. After entering the value,
press the Tab key.
This enables the Next Point frame and all of the available options.
4. Select how you want to enter the next point of the feature line by toggling on
either the Coordinate or Distance/Direction option.
14 Site Design
A. Coordinate: If you have toggled on the Coordinate option, enter the
Northing and Easting coordinate, or graphically select the location by
clicking on the PIC button and selecting in the CAD graphic.
B. Distance/Direction: If you have toggled on the Distance/Direction option,
enter the distance and direction, or click on the PIC button to graphically
select an object in the CAD graphic to be used for the distance and an
object to be used for the direction.
5. Enter the elevation of the next point of the feature line, or the slope to the next
point. When you enter one of these values, the other is calculated. When
entering a slope, the available slope types that you can choose from are %
Chapter 2: Layout
Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
6. Click on Apply to place the line in the CAD graphic.
This places the line and clears the edit fields in the Next Point frame allowing you to
place another segment of the feature line.
Interpolate Additional Geometry

SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " INTERPOLATE ADDITIONAL G EOM ETRY
KEY-IN COMMAND: interpolate
ICON:
The Interpolate Additional Geometry command allows you to interpolate elevations and
densify along lines, arcs, polylines, complex chains and line strings. This command can be
used for improving sparse data or for converting a 2-D object into a 3-D object.
Figure 2-5 Interpolate Additional Geometry Dialog Box
Interpolate Additional Geometry Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Starting Enter an elevation from which to begin interpolation. This is also the point from which all
Endpoint densifying will be measured.
Elevation
Ending Endpoint Enter the elevation for the point to conclude interpolation.
Elevation
Make Copy of Toggle this on if you want to make a copy of the object. When performing the interpolation
Object the copied object will be modified, keeping the original object intact.
CAD Settings This allows you to set the parameters for the objects, such as color, layer/level, linetype/
linestyle and width/weight.
Settings This allows you to set the desired number of points, minimum length of segments and
maximum lengths of segments to be used when the additional geometry is being
interpolated.
For more information, see Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings on page 17.
QuickSteps
To interpolate additional geometry for lines, arcs, polylines, complex chains or line strings,
complete the following steps:
1. Select Layout ! Interpolate Additional Geometry.
This displays the Interpolate Additional Geometry dialog box (Figure 2-5 on page 15).
2. Enter the starting endpoint elevation in the edit field.
This will be the elevation at which the selected object will start.
3. Enter the ending endpoint elevation in the edit field.
This is the elevation at which the selected object will end.
4. Toggle on the Make Copy of Object option if you want to keep the original object
intact and only modify the copy of the object.
5. Click on the CAD Settings icon if you want to change any of the CAD settings
for the selected object.
6. Click on the Settings button if you want to change any of the parameters used
for determining the number of points that will be placed on the object.
The Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings dialog box (Figure 2-6 on page 17)
displays.
7. Click on Apply.
You are prompted to select objects.
8. Graphically select the object for which you want additional geometry near the
end you want the starting elevation assigned to.
16 Site Design
Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings
S ITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " INTERPOLATE A DDITIONAL G EOM ETRY " S ETTING S
The Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings option allows you to set up how additional
geometry will be added to an object. You can set the desired number of points, minimum
length of segments and maximum length of segments.
Chapter 2: Layout
Figure 2-6 Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings Dialog Box
Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Desired Number Input the number of points that are to be interpolated. When interpolating additional
of Points geometry, the program will densify along lines, arcs, polylines, complex chains or line
strings by placing vertices. The number of vertices placed between starting and ending
points is determined by the value entered in this field.
Minimum Length This option makes sure that not too many vertices are inserted on the object. Input a value
of Segments in this field to let the program determine the number of vertices to be placed within the
starting and ending points. The program will use this value to control the density of the
vertices placed. This value sets a limitation and will override the desired number of points
that can be placed.
Maximum This option makes sure that enough vertices are inserted on the object. Input a value in
Length of this field to let the program determine the number of vertices to be placed within starting
Segments and ending points. The program will use this value to control the density of the vertices
placed. This value sets a limitation and will override the desired number of points that can
be placed.
3-D Offset
SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " 3-D OFFSET
KEY-IN COMMAND: 3doff
ICON:
The 3-D Offset command is used to offset objects in both the horizontal and vertical
directions. Using the 3-D Offset command, an object can be created that parallels a
selected object at a given offset and relative elevation. Valid objects that can be selected
are lines, arcs, polylines, complex chains and line strings. An example where this may be
applied would be for constructing breaklines for retaining walls or curb faces.
# When using this command, it is important to be aware of possible breakline conflicts that
can arise.
Figure 2-7 3-D Offset Dialog Box
3-D Offset Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Offset Enter the distance for which to offset a selected object in this edit field. To offset an object
to the right, enter a positive value and to offset an object to the left, enter a negative value.
The direction of an object is determined by the nearest endpoint from which the object
was graphically selected.
Relative Enter the elevation for which to raise or lower an offset line in this edit field. To offset an
Elevation object at a higher elevation enter a positive value, and to offset an object at a lower
elevation enter a negative value.
QuickSteps
To create a 3-D Offset of an object, complete the following steps:
1. Select Layout ! 3-D Offset.
This displays the 3-D Offset dialog box, shown above.
2. Enter the desired offset in the Offset edit field.
A positive value is offset to the right and a negative value is to the left.
3. Enter the desired relative elevation in the Relative Elevation edit field.
A positive value raises the object and a negative value lowers the object.
4. Click on Apply.
5. Graphically select the object for which you want to create a 3-D offset.
18 Site Design
Example
Figure 2-8 on page 20 is an example of how to create the remaining lines of a curb from
the edge of a pavement line.
1. From the original line (edge of pavement) enter an offset of 1.00 and a relative
elevation of -0.02.
2. Select the original line near the bottom.
This creates line 1 (flowline) an offset of 1.00 to the right and 0.02 below the original
line.
Chapter 2: Layout
3. Next, enter an offset of 1.15 and a relative elevation of 0.48.
This creates line 2 (top of curb) an offset of 1.15 to the right and 0.48 above the
original line.
5. Finally, enter an offset of 1.65 and a relative elevation of 0.48.
This creates line 3 (back of curb) an offset of 1.65 to the right and 0.48 above the
original line.
Figure 2-8 Create Curb Example
Assign Grade to Object

SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " A SSIG N G RADE TO OBJECT
KEY-IN COMMAND: gradeobj
ICON:
The Assign Grade to Object command allows you to set a grade to a selected object. This
command is useful for transforming 2-D objects into 3-D objects for construction layout
20 Site Design
and surface modeling. The objects you can select include lines, arcs and polylines/
complex chains.
Figure 2-9 Assign Grade to Object Dialog Box
Chapter 2: Layout
Assign Grade to Object Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Starting Enter a starting elevation to use as a hinge point for grade assignment.
Elevation
Grade Enter a value for grade to assign to an object. The value entered in this field can be
positive for inclining grades or negative for declining grades. The grade is applied from the
hinge point which is determined from the object selection procedure. Grades can be
entered as either % Slope, H/V, V/H or Unit/Unit.
Make Copy of Toggle on this option to maintain the original object after assigning a grade to the object. If
Object this option is toggled on, a 3-D copy of the object will be created while keeping the original
object intact.
CAD Settings This allows you to set the parameters for the objects such as color, layer/level, linetype/
Settings This allows you to specify the desired number of points, minimum length of segments and
maximum length of segments when the grade is being assigned to an arc or curve.
QuickSteps
To assign the grade to an object, complete the following steps:
1. Select Layout ! Assign Grade to Object.
This displays the Assign Grade to Object dialog box (above).
2. Enter the desired starting elevation for the object in the Starting Elevation edit
field.
3. Enter the desired grade for the object in the Grade edit field.
If you enter a positive value in this field, the elevation increases from the starting
elevation. If you enter a negative value in this field, the elevation decreases from the
starting elevation. The available options that you can choose from are % Slope, H/V,
V/H or Unit/Unit.
5. If you want to change any of the CAD settings, click on the CAD Settings icon.
6. If you want to change any of the parameters for how the grade will be assigned
to a curve, click on the Settings button.
This option allows you to change the desired number of points, minimum length of
segment and maximum length of segment.
7. Click on Apply.
8. Graphically select the object to which you want to assign the grade near the end
you want the starting elevation assigned to.
Assign Grade to Object Settings

SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " A SSIG N G RADE TO OBJECT " SETTING S
The Assign Grade to Object Settings option allows you to set parameters for establishing
the grade of an object when a curve is selected. This better represents all curvilinear
segments. Since 3-D curves are not handled very well by CAD systems it is necessary to
densify all curves. By densifying curves, the program creates 3-D chord segments that
imitate the information of curves.
Figure 2-10 Assign Grade to Object Settings Dialog Box
Assign Grade to Object Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Desired Number Input the number of points that are to be inserted along the curve. The number of vertices
of Points placed between the PC and PT of the curves are determined by the value entered in this
field.
Minimum Length This option makes sure that not too many vertices are inserted on the curve objects. Input
of Segments a value in this field to let the program determine the number of vertices to be placed
between the PC and PT of the curve. The program uses this value to control the density of
the vertices placed. This value sets a limitation and will override the desired number of
points that can be placed.
22 Site Design
Assign Grade to Object Settings Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Maximum This option makes sure that enough vertices are inserted on the object. Input a value in
Length of this field to let the program determine the number of vertices placed between the PC and
Segments PT of the curve. The program uses this value to control the density of the vertices placed.
This value sets a limitation and will override the Desired Number of Points that can be
placed.
Track Coordinates
Chapter 2: Layout
S ITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " TRACK COORDINATES
KEY-IN COMMAND: sdtrack
ICON:
The Track Coordinates command displays the Northing (Y), Easting (X) and Elevation (Z)
coordinates for the surface model selected in the drop list. These are the coordinates of
the cross hairs as they are moved across the screen. If your cursor is no longer on the
surface model displayed in the drop list, then the elevation value will no longer be
displayed.
Figure 2-11 Track Coordinates Dialog Box
Track Coordinates Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Surface Model Select the surface model to track coordinates for from the drop list, or click on the All
Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a different project.
Northing This displays the Northing (Y) coordinate value of your cross hairs.
Easting This displays the Easting (X) coordinate value of your cross hairs.
Elevation This displays the elevation (Z) coordinate value of your cross hairs for the surface model
that is selected in the drop list.
Project Plan Objects
SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " PROJECT PLAN OBJECTS
KEY-IN COMMAND: projplan
ICON:
The Project Plan Objects command allows any object to be projected onto a surface
model. This can be useful for visualizing a site. You can create new objects on the surface
model, keeping the original elements intact, or modify the original objects. The Project
Plan Object command can project from the following entities:
! Lines, polylines, 3-D polylines, complex chains and line strings
! Any shape, polygon, rectangle and ellipse
! Circular arcs in the X-Y plane
! Blocks/Cells (such as Nodes)
When projecting a Node, the system creates a new Node (COGO Node) at the
interpolated surface model elevation (including the point #, description and elevation).
Other projected elements (e.g., lines) are represented by complex objects that follow the
surface of the surface model.
Figure 2-12 Project Plan Objects Dialog Box
Project Plan Objects Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Surface Model Select the surface model to project objects to from the drop list, or click on the All Surface
Models icon to select a surface model from a different project.
Make Copy of Toggle this option on if you want to make a copy of the object when projecting the object.
Object The copied object will be modified keeping the original object intact.
CAD Settings This option allows you to set the parameters for the objects such as color, layer/level,
linetype/linestyle and width/weight.
24 Site Design
QuickSteps
To project a plan object to a surface model, complete the following steps:
1. Select Layout ! Project Plan Objects.
This displays the Project Plan Objects dialog box (Figure 2-12 on page 24).
2. Select the surface model to project the object to from the drop list, or click on
the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a different project.
Chapter 2: Layout
4. Click on the CAD Settings button if you want to change any of the CAD Settings
for the selected object.
5. Click on Apply.
6. Graphically select the objects that you want to project to the surface model.
Change Elevation
SITE DESIG N " LAYOUT " CHANG E ELEVATION
KEY-IN COMMAND: sdchangeelev

The Change Elevation command enables you to change an objects 3-D elevation. You
can change the elevation to a constant 3-D elevation using the absolute method, or to a
relative elevation using the relative method. You can use any of the CAD selection
methods in AutoCAD/BricsCad. MicroStation users can set the Selection Method to Fence
or Multiple. To use the Fence Method, a fence must already be placed in CAD. Use the
Multiple method to select objects individually in CAD with the PIC button.
After the selection set is built set the appropriate Method, Elevation value and click on
Apply.
Figure 2-13 Change Elevation Dialog Box
Change Elevation Dialog Box Definitions
Absolute This radio button changes the elevation of the object that is selected to a
Method constant 3-D elevation.
Relative Method This radio button changes the elevation by a relative amount. It moves the
object up or down by the elevation specified.
PIC This icon allows you to select the objects you want to change the elevation.
Selection This drop list option is only available for MicroStation users. The available
Method options are Fence and Multiple. When the fence method is selected, you must
have a fence placed in the design file before the PIC icon is selected. When
Multiple is selected, you need to click on the PIC icon and select the objects
individually from CAD.
AutoCAD/BricsCad users can use any of the CAD selection methods after the
PIC icon is clicked on.
Elevation This edit field is the elevation that you want to move the selected objects to
when using the absolute method. It also represents the change in elevation
when you are using the relative method.
QuickSteps
To change the elevation of an object, complete the following steps:
1. Select Layout ! Change Elevation.
This displays the Change Elevation dialog box (Figure 2-13 on page 25).
2. Click on the PIC icon to graphically select the objects that you want to change
the elevation for.
You are prompted to select objects in AutoCAD/BricsCad or accept fence contents in
MicroStation.
3. Graphically select the objects in AutoCAD/BricsCad and press Enter when you
are done selecting objects or accept the fence contents in MicroStation.
4. Select the method for changing the elevation to absolute or relative.
5. Enter the elevation you want to move the selected objects to if using the
absolute method, or the change in elevation if using the relative method.
6. Click on Apply to change the elevation of the objects.
26 Site Design
PROJECT
SLOPES CHAPTER
In this chapter:
Project Slopes to Surface Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Project Slopes to Catchline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Project Slopes to Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Erase Project Lines by Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Transition Slope Projections Along Object . . . . . . 38
Transition Slope Projections Around Corner . . . . . 40
3
Chapter 3: Project Slopes 27

Project Slopes to Surface Model
S ITE DESIG N " PROJECT SLOPES " TO SURFACE M ODEL
KEY-IN COMMAND: projslope
ICON:
The Project Slopes to Surface Model command is used when three-dimensional linework
is required from an object to a surface model or a certain elevation at a specific slope. This
aids in the creation of new surface models that will represent proposed conditions.
This command draws linework that represents the original feature line from which you are
projecting, catchlines that represent where the slope ties into the surface chosen and
projection lines from the feature line to the catchline.
This command can be used to create projection lines for building pads, crests of berms
and pond bottoms.
Figure 3-1 Project Slopes To Surface Model Dialog Box
Project Slopes To Surface Model Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model Select the surface model to project to from the drop list, or click on the All
Use Constant Toggle this on to select a constant elevation to project toward. After selecting
Elevation this option, you can enter an elevation in the field to the right.
Cut Slope This field lets you enter the desired slope when the projection line is in a cut
situation. The available slope types are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
Fill Slope This field lets you enter the desired slope when the projection line is in a fill
situation. The available slope types are % slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
28 Site Design
Project Slopes To Surface Model Dialog Box Definitions
Linear Interval This is the maximum distance that the slope projection lines are separated by.
The slope projection lines are located at the triangle intersections with the
catchline. In the event that an intersection cannot be found or if they are found
a distance greater than the linear interval, the linear interval is used to place
additional slope projection lines.
Radial Interval This is used as the angle that the slope projection lines radiate from a vertex of
intersecting lines or along an arc on the feature line.
Erase All Toggle this on if you want to erase any existing slope projections that were
Existing Slope created for the selected surface model.
Projections for
this Surface
Erase By Use this button to graphically erase slope projection lines for individual objects
Selection that have slope projections. By using this button you can select a slope line or
catchline and all associated slope, feature and catch lines are erased. This
preserves any slope projections that have been made previously to other
objects, whereas the Erase All toggle removes all sets of slope projection,
feature line and catchlines that have been projected to the current surface
model.
CAD Settings This allows you to set the parameters for the objects such as color, layer/level,
Chapter 3: Project
linetype/linestyle and width/weight. You may independently set the CAD
settings for the Feature Line, Cut Slope Projection Lines, Fill Slope Projection
Slopes
Lines, and Catchline.
QuickSteps
To project slopes to a surface model, complete the following steps:
1. Select Project Slopes ! To Surface Model.
This displays the Project Slopes To Surface Model dialog box (Figure 3-1 on page 28).
2. Select a surface model from the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models icon
to select a surface model from a different project. You can also toggle on the
Use Constant Elevation option to project to the elevation specified.
3. Enter the desired slopes for both a cut and fill situation, ensuring that the
correct slope type is chosen.
4. Enter the Linear Interval that is desired to be used as the maximum distances
between slope projection lines.
5. Enter the Radial Interval that is desired for the slope projections to be used at a
vertex of two objects or along an arc.
6. Toggle on the Erase All Existing Slope Projections for this Surface option if you
want to erase any slope projections that have already been created for the
selected surface model.

7. Click on the CAD Settings icon to set up the properties of the objects to be
created, such as color, layer/level, linetype/linestyle, and width/weight.
8. Click on Apply.
You are prompted:
Select Object to project from:
9. Graphically select the object from which you want to project slopes.
You are then prompted:
Select side to project to:
10. Graphically select the side of the object toward which you want to project.
The command repeats allowing you to project slopes from additional objects.
11. Press Enter in AutoCAD/BricsCad or the Reset button on your pointing device
in MicroStation to terminate the command.
12. Click on Close to dismiss the Project Slopes To Surface Model dialog box.
Examples
The following example displays a sample building pad that has slope lines projected to a
surface model.
Figure 3-2 Slopes Projected From a Feature Line
30 Site Design
Figure 3-3 Isometric View of Slopes Projected From a Feature Line
Project Slopes to Catchline
Chapter 3: Project
S ITE DESIG N " PROJECT SLOPES " TO CATCHLINE
Slopes
KEY-IN COMMAND: projcatch
ICON:
The Project Slopes to Catchline command is used when three-dimensional linework is
required from an object to a specified catchline. The elevations of the catchline can be
obtained from a surface model, or the catchline itself. This creates slope projection lines at
various slopes. This aids in the creation of new surface models that represents proposed
conditions.
This command draws linework that represents the original feature line that you are
projecting from, slope projection lines and a catchline at the location into which the slope
projection lines tie.

Some examples that this command can be used for are to create projection lines for
building pads, crests of berms, and pond bottoms.
Figure 3-4 Project Slopes to Catchline Dialog Box
Project Slopes to Catchline Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model Select the surface model to project to from the drop list or click on the All
Elevation from Turn this radio button on if you want the selected catchline to use the elevation
Surface Model of a surface model instead of the elevation that the catchline is constructed at.
This will enable the Surface Model drop list.
Elevation from Turn on this radio button if you want to use the elevation at which the catchline
Catchline is constructed. This disables the Surface Model drop list.
Linear Interval This is the maximum distance by which the slope projection lines will be
separated. The slope projection lines are located at the vertices of the feature
line and catchline. In the event that they are a distance greater than the linear
interval apart, the linear interval is used to place additional slope projections.
Radial Interval This is used as the angle that the slope projection lines radiates from the
vertex of intersecting lines or along an arc on the feature line.
Erase Existing Turn on this toggle if you want to erase any existing slope projections that were
Slope created for the selected surface model.
Projections for
this Surface
Erase By Use this button to graphically erase slope projection lines for individual objects
Selection that have slope projections. By using this button you can select a slope line or
catchline and all associated slope, feature and catch lines are erased. This
preserves any slope projections that have been made previously to other
model.
CAD Settings This icon allows you to set the parameters for the objects such as color, layer/
level, linetype/linestyle and width/weight. You may independently set the CAD
32 Site Design
QuickSteps
To project to a catchline, complete the following steps:
1. Select Project Slopes ! To Catchline.
This displays the Project Slopes to Catchline dialog box (Figure 3-4 on page 32).
2. Turn on the Elevation from Surface Model radio button if you want the catchline
to inherit the elevation of the selected surface model. If you have selected this
option, select a surface model from the drop list or click on the All Surface
3. Toggle on Elevation from Catchline if you want to use the elevation at which the
catchline is constructed.
4. Enter the desired Linear Interval to be used as the maximum distance between
slope projection lines.
5. Enter the desired Radial Interval for the slope projections to be used as a vertex
of two objects or along an arc.
6. Toggle on the Erase Existing Slope Projections for Surface option if you want to
erase any slope projections that have already been created for the selected
Chapter 3: Project
surface model.
Slopes
7. Click on the CAD Settings icon if you want to change any of the parameters for
the objects such as color, layer/level, linetype/linestyle, and width/weight.
8. Click on Apply.
You are prompted to:
Select Object to Project from:
You are then prompted:
Select catchline to project to
10. Graphically select the catchline toward which you want to project slopes.
The command repeats allowing you to project slopes from additional objects.
12. Click on Close to dismiss the Project Slopes to Catchline dialog box (Figure 3-4
on page 32).

Project Slopes to Offset
SITE DESIG N " PROJECT SLOPES " TO OFFSET
KEY-IN COMMAND: projoffset
ICON:
The Project Slopes to Offset command is used when three-dimensional linework is
required from an object to a specified offset or boundary at a specific slope. From the
boundary, a secondary slope is entered to project to a surface model. This aids in the
creation of new surface models that will represent proposed conditions.
This command draws linework that represents the original feature line from which you are
projecting, catchlines that represent where the slope ties into the selected surface and
slope projection lines from the feature line to the catchline.
This command can be used whenever two different slopes for the slope projection lines
are desired. Some examples are building pads, ball fields or wherever you want a
benched projection.
Figure 3-5 Project Slopes to Offset Dialog Box
34 Site Design
Project Slopes to Offset Dialog Box Definitions
Offset Method This allows you the option of choosing to project a specified offset from the
selected object or to another specified object in the CAD graphic, not
necessarily located at the proper elevation.
Projection to This allows you to set the slopes and intervals that will be used to project from
Offset an offset or boundary. You can specify the slope, linear interval and radial
interval.
! Slope: This edit field is the slope that is projected from the object to
the offset or boundary. Enter a positive value if you want to project
upward or a negative value if you want to project downward. The
available types of slopes that can be entered are % Slope, H/V, V/H
and Unit/Unit.
! Linear Interval: This edit field is the maximum distance by which the
slope projection lines will be separated. The slope projection lines
will be located at the vertices of the feature line and the offset or
boundary line. In the event that they are a distance greater than the
line interval apart, the linear interval will be used to place additional
slope projections.
! Radial Interval: This edit field is used as the angle that the slope
projection line will radiate from the vertex of intersecting lines or
Chapter 3: Project
along an arc on the feature line.
Projection to This icon allows you to establish how you want to project from the offset or
Slopes
Surface Model boundary to the surface model. You can specify the surface model, cut slope
and fill slope.
! Surface Model: Select the surface to project to from the drop list, or
click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a
different project.
! Cut Slope: Enter the desired slope when the projection line is in a
cut situation. The available options are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/
Unit.
! Fill Slope: Enter the desired slope when the projection line is in a fill
situation. The available options are % Slope, H/V, V/H, and Unit/
Unit.
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want to erase any existing slope projections that were
Slope created for the selected surface model.
Projections for
Surface
Erase By Click on this button to graphically erase slope projection lines for individual
Selection objects that have slope projections. By using this button you can select a slope
line or catchline and all associated slope, feature and catch lines are erased.
This preserves any slope projections that have been made previously to other
model.

Project Slopes to Offset Dialog Box Definitions
CAD Settings This icon allows you to set the parameters for the objects, such as color, layer/
level, linetype/linestyle and width/weight. You may independently set the CAD
QuickSteps
To project slopes to an offset or boundary at one slope and then to a surface model at
another slope, complete the following steps:
1. Select Project Slopes ! To Offset.
This displays the Project Slopes to Offset dialog box (Figure 3-5 on page 34).
2. Turn on the Constant radio button if you want to specify a constant offset from
the feature line to project to.
This enables the Distance edit field.
3. Enter the desired distance from the feature line to project to.
4. Turn on the Select Boundary radio button if you want to graphically select a
boundary to project to.
5. Enter the slope to project from the feature line to the offset or boundary.
The available slope types are % Slope, H/V, V/H, and Unit/Unit.
6. Enter the Linear Interval to be used as the maximum distance between slope
projection lines.
7. Enter the Radial Interval for the slope projections to be used at a vertex of two
objects or along an arc.
8. Select the surface model to which you want to project from the offset or
boundary from the drop list or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a
surface model from a different project.
9. Enter the desired Cut Slope.
The available slope types are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
10. Enter the desired Fill Slope.
11. Toggle on the Erase Existing Slope Projections for Surface option if you want to
erase any slope projections that have already been created for the selected
surface model.
12. Click on the CAD Settings icon if you want to change any of the parameters for
the objects such as color, layer/level, linetype/linestyle, and width/weight.
36 Site Design
13. Click on Apply.
You are prompted:
Select Object to project from:
If you have toggled on Constant for the offset, you are prompted:
Select side to project to:
15. Graphically select which side of the object you want to project towards.
If you have toggled on Select Boundary for the Offset, you are prompted to select a
boundary you want to project to.
16. Graphically select the boundary to which you want to project.
The slope is projected from the feature line to the offset or boundary, and then to the
surface model.
The command repeats, allowing you to project slopes from additional objects.
Chapter 3: Project
18. Click on Close to dismiss the Project Slopes to Offset command.
Slopes
Example
Following are examples of slope projections to an offset at a constant distance from the
feature line and then to a surface model. The slope projections from the feature line to the
offset have a different slope that the slope projections from the offset to the surface model.
Figure 3-6 Isometric View of Slope Projections to an Offset, Then to a Surface

Model

Figure 3-7 Elevation View of Slope Projections to an Offset, Then to a Surface
Model
Erase Project Lines by Selection

SITE DESIG N " PROJECT S LOPES " ERASE PROJECT LINES BY SELECTION
KEY-IN COMMAND: eraseprojlines

Use this command to graphically erase slope projection lines for individual objects that
have slope projections. After selecting the command from the menu you are immediately
prompted to select the slope projection object to erase.
By using this command you can select a slope line or catchline and all associated slope,
feature and catch lines are erased. This preserves any slope projections that have been
made previously to other objects.
Transition Slope Projections Along Object

S ITE DESIG N " PROJECT SLOPES " TRANSITION A LONG OBJECT
KEY-IN COMMAND: transobj

The Transition Slope Projections Along Object command aids in connecting projections of
different slopes together to create a better blend of grades. This command also draws
linework that represents the original feature line that you are projecting from, catchlines
that represent where the slope ties into the surface selected and projection lines from the
feature line to the catchline.
38 Site Design
# This command is best used when different grades along one line, polyline/complex chain,
line string or arc are desired.
# The slope transition will only apply to one segment on a polyline/complex chain. The
segment you select will have slope projections applied.
Figure 3-8 Transition Slope Projections Along Object Dialog Box
Transition Slope Projections Along Object Dialog Box Definitions
Chapter 3: Project
Option Function
Slopes
Surface Model Select the surface model to project to from the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models
icon to select a surface model from a different project.
Use Constant This toggle allows you to select a constant elevation to project toward. After selecting this
Elevation option, you can enter an elevation in the field to the right.
Cut/Fill This allows you to select if the situation is in Cut or Fill.
Starting Slope Enter the starting slope that will be used when projecting slopes. The available slope
types are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
Ending Slope Enter the ending slope that will be used when projecting slopes. The available slope types
are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
Linear Interval This is the maximum distance by which the slope projection lines will be separated. The
slope projection lines will be located at the triangle intersections with the catchline. In the
event that an intersection cannot be found or if they are found a distance greater than the
linear interval, the linear interval will be used to place additional slope projection lines.
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want to erase any existing slope projections that were created for the
Slope selected surface model.
Projections for
this Surface
CAD Settings This allows you to set the parameters for the objects such as color, layer/level, linetype/
QuickSteps
To transition slopes along an object, complete the following steps:

1. Select Project Slopes ! Transition Along Object.
This displays the Transition Slope Projections Along Object dialog box (Figure 3-8 on
page 39).
2. Select a surface model from the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models icon
to select a surface model from a different project. You can also toggle on the
Use Constant Elevation option to project to the elevation specified.
3. Select the desired slope condition (cut or fill) that you want to transition slopes
for and toggle on the appropriate option.
4. Enter the starting transition slope desired.
5. Enter the ending transition slope desired.
6. Enter the desired Linear Interval to be used as the maximum distance between
slope projection lines.
7. Toggle on the Erase Existing Slope Projections for this Surface option if you
want to erase any slope projections that have already been created for the
selected surface model.
8. Click on Apply.
You are prompted to:
Select Object to Project From
9. Graphically select the segment on the object from which you want to project
slopes.
You are then prompted to select a side to project to.
10. Graphically select which side of the object you want to project towards.
Transition Slope Projections Around Corner

SITE DESIG N " PROJECT SLOPES " TRANSITION A ROUND CORNER
KEY-IN COMMAND: transcorner

Transition Slope Projections Around Corner is used when two three-dimensional slope
projection lines, using different slopes, meet at an intersection. The Transition Slope
Projections Around Corner command creates a smooth transition of slopes when two
lines, using different slopes, meet at a corner. This aids in the creation of new surface
models that will represent proposed conditions to create contours at desired slopes.
40 Site Design
This command aids in connecting projections of different slopes together to create a better
blend of grades around corners of rectangles or just deflections in linework. This
command draws linework that represents the original feature line you are projecting from,
catchlines that represent where the slope ties into the selected surface and projection
lines from the feature line to the catchline.
# The two slope projection lines that you select must share a common endpoint and must
also be projected in the same direction from the feature line.
Figure 3-9 Transition Slope Projections Around Corner Dialog Box
Chapter 3: Project
Transition Slope Projections Around Corner Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Slopes
Surface Model Select the surface model to project to from the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models
Use Constant This toggle allows you to select a constant elevation to project toward. After selecting this
Elevation option, you can enter an elevation in the field to the right.
Radial Interval This is used as the angle that the slope projection lines will radiate from a vertex of
intersecting lines or along an arc on the feature line.
Slope of First This displays the slope of the first line that is selected. The available slope types that this
Line can be displayed in are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
Slope of Second This displays the slope of the second line that is selected. The available slope types that
Line this can be displayed in are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit.
QuickSteps
To transition slope projections around a corner, complete the following steps:
1. Select Project Slopes ! Transition Around Corner.
The Transition Slope Projections Around Corner dialog box (Figure 3-9 on page 41)
displays.

2. Select the Surface Model from the drop list, click on the All Surface Models icon
and select a Surface Model from a different project, or toggle on the Use
Constant Elevation option and enter an elevation.
3. Enter the desired Radial Interval to be used for the transition around the corner.
4. Click on the CAD Settings icon to change any of the parameters for the objects,
such as color, layer/level, linetype/linestyle and width/weight.
5. Click on the PIC button to select the slope projection lines to transition
between.
6. Graphically select the first slope projection line.
7. Graphically select the second slope projection line.
8. Click on Apply.
This transitions the slope linearly from the first slope line to the second slope line.
42 Site Design
VOLUMES
In this chapter:
CHAPTER
Calculate Prismoidal Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Calculate Slice Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Balance Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Chapter 4: Volumes 43
Calculate Prismoidal Volumes
SITE DESIG N " VOLUM ES " CALCULATE PRISM OIDAL
KEY-IN COMMAND: calcvol
ICON:
The Calculate Prismoidal Volumes command calculates the earthwork volume between
two surface models or a surface model and an elevation. You can calculate the volumes
within a boundary, specify a compaction factor to be used for cut and fill and place the
results in the CAD graphic.
When the Prismoidal Volume Results dialog appears the raw and compacted cut and fill
volumes are displayed for the models selected. You may change the volume units using
the drop list. In English unit projects you can report the volumes in cubic feet, cubic yards
or acre-feet. In a Metric project the volume units can be reported in cubic meters or
hectare-meters.
The Volume Verification Settings command provides access to the options of printing out
the individual triangle areas that contribute to your current volume analysis. The report
numbers the individual surface model points and triangles for both models used in the
calculation and displays how much each triangle contributes to the total cut and fill. This
command also allows you to annotate the point and triangle numbers into CAD as
references to the report.
The Volume Verification, can be printed once a Volume Calculation is performed. The
report is printed according to the settings specified in the Print Setup command found in
the File menu on the Eagle Point Menu palette. Also, triangle numbers and point numbers
can be placed in the CAD graphic for both surface models.
See Volumes on page 3 for more information on the Prismoidal Volume calculations.
44 Site Design
# The volumes are only as accurate as your surface models. If the volumes seem to be
incorrect, check your surface model to make sure the surface model has the proper
elevations.
Figure 4-1 Calculate Prismoidal Volumes Dialog Box
Calculate Prismoidal Volumes Dialog Box Definitions

Original Surface Select the desired surface model for the original surface model from the drop
Model list or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a
different project.
Final Surface Select the desired surface model for the final surface model from the drop list or
Model click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a different
project.
Use Constant Toggle this option on below the original surface model if you want to use a
Chapter 4: Volumes
Elevation constant elevation for the original surface. Toggle this option on below the final
surface model if you want to use a constant elevation for the final surface.
Use Boundary Toggle this option on if you want to calculate volumes within a particular closed
area. When this option is on you are able to select a closed object to calculate
the volume within.
Use Compaction Toggle on this option if you want to apply a compaction factor to a cut or fill
Factor material.
Cut Place the percentage of compaction factor you want to apply to the cut material
in this edit field.
Fill Place the percentage of compaction factor you want to apply to the fill material
in this edit field.
Place Results in Toggle this option on if you want to place the prismoidal volume calculation
CAD Graphic results in the CAD graphic.
Volume The Volume Verification Settings button provides access to the options of
Verification printing out the individual triangle areas that contribute to your current volume
Settings analysis.
For more information refer to Volume Verification Settings on page 47.
QuickSteps
To calculate the prismoidal volumes between two surface models, complete the following
steps:
1. Select Volumes ! Calculate Prismoidal.
The Calculate Prismoidal Volumes dialog box (Figure 4-1 on page 45) displays.
2. Select the original surface model to be used from the drop list or click on the All
Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a different project. If you
want to use a constant elevation for the original surface, toggle the Use
Constant Elevation option on and enter the desired elevation.
3. Select the final surface model from the drop list or click on the All Surface
Models icon to select a surface model from a different project. If you want to use
a constant elevation for the final surface, toggle on the Use Constant Elevation
option and enter the desired elevation.
4. If you want to calculate volumes within a boundary, toggle on the Use Boundary
option.
5. If you want to apply a compaction factor to cut or fill material, toggle on the Use
Compaction Factor option and enter the appropriate percentage of compaction
in the Cut and Fill edit fields.
6. If you want to have the volume results placed in the CAD graphic, toggle on the
Place Results in CAD Graphic option.
7. Click on the Volume Verification Settings if you want a volume verification
report created.
8. Click on Apply to calculate the volumes.
Depending on which options you have selected, you may receive additional prompts.
A. Use Boundary: If you have toggled on the Use Boundary option, graphically
select the boundary within which to calculate the volumes when prompted.
B. Place Results in CAD Graphic: If you have toggled on the Place Results in
CAD Graphic option, graphically select the location where you want the
results placed when prompted.
The Prismoidal Volume Results dialog box also displays, giving you the option of
printing the results.
46 Site Design
Volume Verification Settings
SITE DESIG N " VOLUM ES " CALCULATE PRISM OIDAL " VOLUM E VERIFICATION SETTING S
The options on the Volume Verification Settings dialog box (below) allow you to verify the
prismoidal volume calculation by printing out the individual triangle areas that contribute to
your current volume analysis. The report numbers the individual surface model points and
triangles for both models used in the calculation and displays how much each triangle
contributes to the total cut and fill. This command also allows you to annotate the point
and triangle numbers into CAD as references to the report.
The Volume Verification can be printed once a volume calculation is performed. The report
is printed according to the settings specified in the Print Setup command found in the File
menu on the Eagle Point Menu palette. Also, triangle numbers and point numbers can be
placed in the CAD graphic for both surface models.
The Volume Verification report can be obtained for volumes calculated using the Calculate
Prismoidal Volumes command and the Balance Volumes command.
Figure 4-2 Volume Verification Settings Dialog Box
Volume Verification Settings Dialog Box Definitions
Chapter 4: Volumes
Print Volume Toggle this option on to get a printed report of the original and final model point
Verification coordinates, triangle numbers and volume contributions. The report is printed
Report according to the settings specified in the Print Setup command found in the
File menu on the Eagle Point Menu palette.
Place Triangle Toggle this option on to annotate the original and final model triangle numbers
Numbers in CAD into CAD. These numbers correspond to the triangle numbers in the report.
The text is placed according to the settings specified in by the Text CAD
Settings command.
Place Point Toggle this option on to annotate the original and final model point numbers
Numbers in CAD into CAD. These numbers correspond to the point numbers in the report. The
text is placed according to the settings specified in by the Text CAD Settings
command.
Text CAD This icon allows you to set the parameters for the annotation objects such as
Settings color, layer/level, text style/font and text height. Available items to set are
Original Model Point Numbers, Original Model Triangle Numbers, Final Model
Point Numbers, and Final Model Triangle Numbers.
Calculate Slice Volumes
SITE DESIG N " VOLUM ES " CALCULATE S LICE
KEY-IN COMMAND: calcslice

The Calculate Slice Volumes command calculates the earthwork volume between two
surface models or a surface model and an elevation, and reports the volumes in specified
intervals.
See Volumes on page 3 for more information on the Slice Volume Calculations.
# The Starting Slice Elevation is the lowest elevation of the two surface models.
# The Ending Slice Elevation is the highest elevation of the two surface models.
Figure 4-3 Calculate Slice Volumes Dialog Box
Calculate Slice Volumes Dialog Box Definitions

Model list or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a
different project.
Final Surface Select the desired surface model for the final surface model from the drop list or
Model click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a different
project.
Use Constant Toggle this option on below the original surface model if you want to use a
Elevation constant elevation for the original surface. Toggle this option on below the final
surface model if you want to use a constant elevation for the final surface.
48 Site Design
Calculate Slice Volumes Dialog Box Definitions
Starting Slice This is the elevation at which the first slice interval will take place. It is also the
Elevation lowest elevation of both surface models.
Ending Slice This is the elevation at which the last slice will be taken. It is also the highest
Elevation elevation of both surface models.
Slice Interval The slice interval determines the depth of each individual slice.
Use Boundary Toggle this option on if you want to calculate volumes within a particular closed
area.
Use Compaction Toggle this option on if you want to apply a compaction factor to a cut or fill
Factor material.
Cut Enter the percentage of compaction factor you want to apply to the cut material
in this field.
Fill Enter the percentage of compaction factor you want to apply to the fill material
in this field.
Place Results in Toggle this option on if you want to place the slice volume calculation results in
CAD Graphics the CAD graphic.
QuickSteps
To calculate slice volumes, complete the following steps:
1. Select Volumes ! Calculate Slice.
The Calculate Slice Volumes dialog box (Figure 4-3 on page 48) displays.
2. Select the original surface model to be used from the drop list, or click on the
All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a different project. If you
want to use a constant elevation for the original surface, toggle on the Use
Chapter 4: Volumes
Constant Elevation option and enter the desired elevation.
3. Select the final surface model from the drop list, or click on the All Surface
option and enter the desired elevation.
4. Enter the Starting and Ending Slice Elevation.
# By default, the starting slice elevation is the lowest elevation of the two surface models
and the ending elevation is the highest elevation of the two surface models.
5. Enter the slice interval.

For example, a slice interval of 2.0 ft with a starting and ending slice elevation of 50.2
ft and 56.5 ft gives you the volume between 50.2 ft and 52.2 ft, 52.2 ft and 54.2 ft, 54.2
ft and 56.2 ft and 56.2 ft and 56.5 ft.
6. If you want to calculate volumes within a boundary, toggle on the Use Boundary
option.
7. If you want to apply a compaction factor to cut or fill material, toggle on the Use
Compaction Factor option and enter the appropriate percentage of compaction
in the Cut and Fill edit fields.
8. If you want to have the volume results placed in the CAD graphic, toggle on the
Place Results in CAD Graphics option.
9. Click on Apply to calculate the volumes.
Depending on the options you have selected, you may be prompted to select a
boundary or a location for results.
A. Use Boundary: If you have toggled on the Use Boundary option, graphically
select the boundary within which to calculate the volumes when prompted
to do so.
B. Place Results in CAD Graphics: If you have toggled on the Place Results in
CAD Graphics option, graphically select the location at which you want to
place the results when prompted to do so.
The Slice Volume Results dialog box also displays, giving you the option of printing
the results.
Balance Volumes
S ITE DESIG N " VOLUM ES " BALANCE
KEY-IN COMMAND: balvol
ICON:
The Balance Volumes command adjusts the elevation of a final surface relative to an
original surface to produce a volume solution dictated by you. With Balance Volumes, you
specify the two surface models between which a balanced volume is to occur, how far up
and down the final surface model can move, and whether the balanced volume results in a
balance, excess, or deficiency of material.
# The final surface model that is adjusted must not have slopes projected from it.
50 Site Design
# The Balance Volumes command finds the correct elevation for the final surface, projects
slopes from it, creates a balanced surface model and then calculates the volumes from
the original surface model and the balanced surface model.
Figure 4-4 Balance Volumes Dialog Box
Balance Volumes Dialog Box Definitions

Model list, or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a
different project.
Final Surface Select the desired surface model for the final surface model from the drop list,
Chapter 4: Volumes
Model or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a
different project.
Balanced Select the desired surface model for the balanced surface model from the drop
Surface Model list. If you want to add a new surface model to use or modify the parameters of
a surface model, click on the Manage Surface Models icon to display the
Manage Surface Models dialog box.
For more information, see Manage Surface Models in Surface Modeling.
Upward Indicate the relative elevation displacement the final surface can be moved
Displacement upward (displaced) through an attempt to find a volume solution. By specifying
Limits a relative elevation movement (versus an absolute elevation movement), you
do not need to be concerned about which point on a varying elevation final
surface corresponds to an upper elevation limit. As such, when the command is
iterating a solution, the entire final surface moves as a unit. Default values for
displacement limits are that both fields are toggled off.
Balance Volumes Dialog Box Definitions
Downward Indicate the relative elevation displacement the final surface can be moved
Displacement downward (displaced) through an attempt to find a volume solution. By
Limits specifying a relative elevation movement (versus an absolute elevation
movement), you do not need to be concerned about which point on a varying
elevation final surface corresponds to a lower elevation limit. As such, when the
command is iterating a solution, the entire final surface moves as a unit. Default
values for displacement limits are that both fields are toggled off.
Material Specify how much material should be left over before the routine stops
processing. The default is to have a balance of material, although three choices
are possible: balanced, excess and deficiency.
Ideal Specify an ideal volume for excess, deficiency or balanced. When used in
conjunction with upper and lower tolerances, an acceptable volume solution
can be calculated more quickly. The available units that can be entered are
cubic yards and acre-feet in an English project, and cubic meters and hectare-
meters in a metric project.
Upper Enter a tolerance value to add to the ideal volume. The available units that can
be entered are percent, cubic yards and acre-feet in an English project and
cubic meters and hectare-meters in a metric project.
Lower Enter a tolerance value to subtract from the ideal volume. The available units
that can be entered are percent, cubic yards and acre-feet in an English
project, and cubic meters and hectare-meters in a metric project.
Settings This allows you to specify the cut and fill slopes, linear and radial intervals,
whether you want to keep the slope projections when completed, if you want
volume results and how many iterations to perform.
For more information, see Balance Volumes Settings on page 55.
QuickSteps
To balance the volumes on a site, complete the following steps:
1. Select Volumes ! Balance.
The Balance Volumes dialog box (Figure 4-4 on page 51) displays.
2. Select the original surface model to be used from the drop list, or click on the
All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a different project.
3. Select the final surface model to be used from the drop list, or click on the All
4. Select an unmade surface model from the Balanced Surface Model drop list or
click on the Manage Surface Models icon to display the Manage Surface Models
dialog box.
This allows you to create a new surface model.
5. Enter the upward and downward elevation limits that you wish the final surface
model to be displaced from its current elevation.
52 Site Design
6. Indicate in the Material field if you want a Balanced, Excess or Deficiency of
Material.
A balance of material means cut and fill volumes are equal. A excess of material
means material will be hauled off site. A deficiency of material means material will be
hauled onto the site.
7. Enter the amount of excess or deficiency you want in the Ideal field. Also enter
the amount in the upper and lower fields.
This ensures that the balanced volume results are within the specified tolerances.
8. Click on the Settings button if you want to change any of the slope projection
parameters, if you want to calculate prismoidal volumes between the original
surface model and the balanced surface model or if you want to specify how
many iterations to perform when trying to balance the site.
9. Click on Apply to balance the volumes.
10. Click on Close to close the Balance Volumes dialog box.
Example
If you want to balance a building pad to a surface model, you must first create the building
pad at the correct X,Y location and the appropriate elevation as shown in the figure below.
Chapter 4: Volumes
Figure 4-5 Original Surface Model with Building Pad
Create a surface model of the building pad, as shown in the figure below.
Figure 4-6 Original Surface Model with Building Pad Surface Model
The next figure shows an isometric view of the building pad over the original surface
model.
Figure 4-7 Isometric View of Original and Building Pad Surface Models
54 Site Design
Use the Balance Volumes command to balance or obtain a quantity of earthwork specified
by you and at a user-defined slope, as shown below.
Figure 4-8 Isometric View of Merged Balanced and Original Surface Models
Balance Volumes Settings

SITE DESIG N " VOLUM ES " BALANCE " SETTING S
The Balance Volumes Settings option allows you to set the slope projection parameters.
You can also specify if you want to calculate the prismoidal volumes and through how
many iterations you want the command to go.
The Volume Verification Settings command provides access to the options of printing out
Chapter 4: Volumes
the individual triangle areas that contribute to your current volume analysis. The report
numbers the individual surface model points and triangles for both models used in the
calculation and displays how much each triangle contributes to the total cut and fill. This
command also allows you to annotate the point and triangle numbers into CAD as
references to the report.
The Volume Verification, can be printed once a Volume Calculation is performed. The
report is printed according to the settings specified in the Print Setup command found in
the File menu on the Eagle Point Menu palette. Also, triangle numbers and point numbers
can be placed in the CAD graphic for both surface models.
See Volumes on page 3 for more information on the Prismoidal Volume calculations.
Figure 4-9 Balance Volumes Settings Dialog Box
Balance Volumes Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Cut Slope Place the value for the cut slopes that are generated during the Balance
Volumes command. The available slope types are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/
Unit.
Fill Slope Place the value for the fill slopes that are generated during the Balance
Volumes command. The available slope types are % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/
Unit.
Linear Interval This is the maximum distance by which the slope projection lines are separated.
The slope projection lines are located at the triangle intersection with the
catchline. In the event that an intersection cannot be found or if they are found
at a distance greater than the linear interval, the linear interval is used to place
additional slope projection lines.
Radial Interval Indicate the degree of change between the slope lines when a change in
direction occurs on the selected line. This is used as the angle that the slope
projection lines radiate from a vertex of intersecting lines or along an arc on the
feature line.
Keep When Toggle this on if you want to keep the final slope projection lines that were used
Complete to create the balanced surface model.
CAD Settings This icon allows you to set the parameters for the slope projection objects, such
as color, layer/level, linetype/linestyle, and width/weight.
Use Compaction Toggle this option on if you wish to specify compaction factors to be used during
Factor the balance volumes routine.
56 Site Design
Balance Volumes Settings Dialog Box Definitions
Cut Compaction Specify the percent compaction that is applied to the material when calculating
Factor cut volumes. A positive value indicates a swell factor whereas a negative value
indicates a shrinkage of material.
Fill Compaction Specify the percent compaction that is applied to the material when calculating
Factor fill volumes. A positive value indicates a swell factor whereas a negative value
indicates a shrinkage of material.
Change the When this option is toggled on, Site Design will move the final surface model to
Elevation of the the elevation of the balanced surface model so they are the same.
Final Surface
Model
Calculate Toggle this option on if you want to calculate prismoidal volumes between the
Prismoidal original surface model and the balanced surface model.
Volumes for
Balanced
Surface
Number of Indicate how many iterations you want to perform to attempt to balance the site.
Iterations If a potential solution cannot be found after n number of iterations, the program
halts operation and displays the cut and fill volumes after the nth number of
iterations. If this toggle is turned off, Site Design goes through as many
iterations as it needs to find the solution you want.
Volume The Volume Verification Settings command provides access to the options of
Verification printing out the individual triangle areas that contribute to your current volume
Settings analysis.
For more information refer to Volume Verification Settings on page 47.
Chapter 4: Volumes
58 Site Design
SLOPES
In this chapter:
CHAPTER
Analyze Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Show Shadow Flowlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Make Flowlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Calculate Grade & Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Annotate Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Make Flow Hachures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Show Shadow Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Make Intermediate and Index Slope Contours . . . 80
Make Intermediate Slope Contours. . . . . . . . . . . . 82
5
Make Index Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Make User-Defined Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Annotate Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Chapter 5: Slopes 59
Analyze Slopes
SITE DESIG N " S LOPES " A NALYZE SLOPES
KEY-IN COMMAND: analslope
ICON:
The Analyze Slopes command allows you to graphically view the surface model in relation
to each triangles slope. You can then determine the best approach to solving specific
problems related to site stability and water runoff.
Analyze Slopes places triangles of a surface model into the CAD graphic and uses the
specified colors denoted in the slope ranges fields. This helps show dangerous slope
conditions and gives you a better idea of the sites terrain.
Figure 5-1 Analyze Slopes Dialog Box
Analyze Slopes Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Surface Model Select the surface model for which you wish to analyze slopes from the drop list. This
contains all of the surface models that have been created for the current project. Click on
the All Surface Models icon if you want to analyze the slopes for a surface model from a
different project.
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want the existing slope analysis triangles erased before placing the
Slope Analysis new slope analysis triangles.
Objects For This
Surface
60 Site Design
Analyze Slopes Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Select User- Toggle this on if you only want the slope analysis to be performed within a selected
Defined boundary. The boundary must be a closed polyline/shape.
Boundary
Generate Report This generates a report breaking down the surface information by the slope ranges, what
plan area each range has, what surface area each range has and the total area.
% Slope, H/V, This displays the slopes for the slope ranges that display in the list box. This will be set by
V/H, Unit/Unit the Display Slope By drop list.
Layer/Level This displays the layer/level on which the slope range will be placed.
Color This displays the color with which the slope range will be placed.
Display The word ON or OFF displays in this column. If the display is ON, the slope range will
be created. If the display is OFF, the slope range will not be created.
New Slope This allows you to add a slope range to the listing.
Range
For more information, see New Slope Range on page 62.
Modify Slope This allows you to modify the highlighted slope range in the Slope Range list.
Range For more information, see New Slope Range on page 62.
Delete Slope This removes the highlighted range from the Slope Range list.
Range
Display Slope This allows you to display information of the ranges by either % Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/
By Unit.
Generate Slope This automatically generates the slope ranges by dividing the slope ranges equally or by
Ranges incrementing the slope between a minimum and maximum value.
For more information, see Generate Slope Ranges on page 64.
Layer/Level This allows you to specify the layer/level of the slope arrow that points downhill for each
triangle.
Slope Arrows Toggle this on if you want slope arrows to be placed for each triangle. The slope arrows
indicate the direction water would flow on each triangle.
QuickSteps
To analyze slopes, complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Analyze Slopes.
The Analyze Slopes dialog box (Figure 5-1 on page 60) displays. Chapter 5: Slopes
2. Select a surface model from the Surface Model drop list, or click on the All
3. To erase a previously drawn slope analysis for the surface model, toggle on the
Erase Existing Slope Analysis Objects for this Surface option.
If the toggle is off, prior slope analyses of the surface model are not erased.
4. If you want to restrict the slope analysis within a user-defined boundary, toggle
on the Select User-Defined Boundary option.
If the toggle is off, the slope analysis is performed over the entire selected surface
model.
5. Toggle on Generate Report if you want to create a report of the surface area
defined by the specified ranges.
This report can be placed in the CAD graphic or sent to a printer or file.
6. You can generate the Slope Ranges table by clicking on the Generate Slope
Ranges button.
The Slope Ranges Table displays slope, color, layer/level and whether the display of a
slope range is turned on or off. This is what will be used to create the slope analysis.
You can add, modify or delete slope ranges to obtain the desired list of slope ranges.
7. If you want to place slope arrows with the slope analysis, toggle on the Slope
Arrows option.
8. Enter the layer name/level number for the slope arrow in the Slope Arrow Layer/
Level field.
9. Click on Apply to execute the Analyze Slopes command. If Select User-Defined
Boundary is toggled on, graphically select a closed object as the boundary
when prompted to do so.
If Generate Report is toggled on, the system displays the Analyze Slopes Report
dialog box when the slope analysis is completed. From this dialog box, you can print
the report or place it in the CAD graphic.
10. To send the report to the CAD graphic toggle on Send Report to the CAD
Graphic, click on OK and graphically select a location in the CAD graphic for the
report.
New Slope Range

S ITE DESIG N " SLOPES " A NALYZE S LOPES " NEW SLOPE RANG E
The New Slope Range command allows you to enter a slope range to be used when
performing a slope analysis. You can enter the slope, layer/level, color and specify
62 Site Design
whether you want this range to be displayed. The new range is added to the slope range
listing of the Analyze Slopes dialog box (Figure 5-1 on page 60).
Figure 5-2 New Slope Range Dialog Box
New Slope Range Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Slope This is the slope that is used for the Analyze Slopes command. The value in the edit field
is displayed in % Slope, H/V, V/H or Unit/Unit depending on the selection in the drop list to
the right.
Layer/Level This is the layer/level on which the slope range will be placed.
Color This is the color with which the slope range will be placed. You can enter the color in the
edit field or select it by clicking on the Color button to the right of the edit field.
Display Slope Toggle this on if you want the slope range to be displayed when the Analyze Slopes
Range command is executed. If this is toggled off, the slope range is not displayed.
QuickSteps
To add a new slope range to be used when analyzing slopes, complete the following
steps:
This displays the Analyze Slopes dialog box (Figure 5-1 on page 60).
2. Click on the New Slope Range icon.
The New Slope Range dialog box, shown above, displays.
3. Select the type of slope that you want to enter from the drop list (% Slope, H/V,
V/H or Unit/Unit). Enter the slope range in the Slope edit field.
4. Enter the layer/level on which the slope range will be placed. Chapter 5: Slopes
5. Enter the Color with which the slope range will be placed, or select it by clicking
on the Color button to the right of the edit field.
6. Toggle on the Display Slope Range option if you want the slope range to be
displayed.
7. Click on Apply to add the new slope range and keep the dialog box open, or
click on OK to add the new slope range and close the dialog box.
Generate Slope Ranges
S ITE DESIG N " SLOPES " A NALYZE S LOPES " G ENERATE SLOPE RANG ES
The Generate Slope Ranges command allows you to automatically generate the slope
ranges. You can automatically generate the slope ranges by specifying the number of
slope ranges or an increment of slope ranges between a minimum and maximum slope
specified. Each slope range can use the same color, or the color number can be
incremented with each slope range.
Figure 5-3 Generate Slope Ranges Dialog Box
Generate Slope Ranges Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Minimum Slope This sets the lowest slope to use when generating slope ranges. The drop list to the right
allows you to specify how the slope is interpreted. The available options are % Slope, H/V,
V/H and Unit/Unit.
Maximum Slope This sets the highest slope to use when generating slope ranges. The drop list to the right
allows you to specify how the slope is interpreted. The available options are % Slope, H/V,
V/H and Unit/Unit.
Divide This breaks the minimum and maximum slopes down in the number of slopes that is
entered into the Number of Slopes edit field.
Increment Slope This adds the slope specified to the previous slope (starting at the minimum) until the
maximum slope is reached.
Layer/Level This places the slope range on the layer/level entered.
Color This is the color that all slope ranges generated will use.
Increment each Toggle this on if you want the color for each slope range to be incremented by one color
color number value. This will enable the Starting with Color fields.
Starting with This is the starting color that will be used for the slope range. The color value for each
Color subsequent slope range will be incremented by one color value.
64 Site Design
QuickSteps
To generate slope ranges for the Analyze Slopes command, complete the following steps:
The Analyze Slopes dialog box (Figure 5-1 on page 60) displays.
2. Click on the Generate Slope Ranges button.
The Generate Slope Ranges dialog box (Figure 5-3 on page 64) displays.
3. Enter the minimum slope with which you want to start the slope ranges.
The available slope types (% Slope, H/V, V/H and Unit/Unit) are displayed in the drop
list to the right.
4. Enter the maximum slope with which you want to end the slope ranges.
5. If you want the slope ranges divided equally, toggle on the Divide option and
enter the number of slope ranges. If you want the slope ranges to be
incremented by even amounts, toggle on the Increment Slope option and enter
the increment slope.
6. Enter the layer/level on which the slope ranges will be placed.
7. If you want a single color used for all slope ranges, enter the color in the Color
edit field. If you want every color to be different, toggle on the Increment each
color number option and enter the starting color for the slope ranges.
8. Click on OK.
This generates the slope ranges and places them in the Analyze Slopes dialog box.
Show Shadow Flowlines

S ITE DESIG N " S LOPES " SHOW SHADOW FLOWLINES
KEY-IN COMMAND: shadflow

The Show Shadow Flowlines command allows you to see how water would flow on the
site. This is beneficial to determine if there will be any unexpected ponding on the site.
Chapter 5: Slopes
# This is only a temporary display. As soon as the CAD graphic is redrawn, the shadow
flowlines disappear.
Figure 5-4 Show Shadow Flowlines Dialog Box
Show Shadow Flowlines Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Surface Model This allows you to choose a surface model to show shadow flowlines. All surface models
for the current project are displayed in the drop list. If you want to select a surface model
from a different project, click on the All Surface Models icon.
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want any previously created flowlines for the selected surface model
Flowlines for to be erased before new flowlines are created.
this Surface
Minimum Slope Site Design will construct flowlines until an area that is less than or equal to the value in
to Analyze this edit field is reached.
Depth
CAD Settings This allows you to specify the color with which the shadow flowlines are placed.
QuickSteps
To create shadow flowlines, complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Show Shadow Flowlines.
The Show Shadow Flowlines dialog box, shown above, displays.
2. Select the surface model for which you want to create the shadow flowlines
from the drop list or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface
model from a different project.
3. If you wish to erase the existing flowlines for this surface model, toggle on the
Erase Existing Flowlines for this Surface option.
4. Enter the minimum slope to analyze depth to determine what is considered to
be flat on the site.
5. If you want to change the color for the shadow flowlines, click on the CAD
Settings icon.
6. Click on Apply.
66 Site Design
You are prompted to select the locations for the flowlines.
7. Graphically select the locations from which you want the flowlines to start.
Make Flowlines
S ITE DESIG N " S LOPES " M AKE FLOWLINES
KEY-IN COMMAND: flowline
ICON:
The Make Flowlines command allows you to see how water would flow on the site. This is
beneficial to determine if there will be any unexpected ponding on the site. You can
specify the minimum slope that will be used to start the ponding.
Figure 5-5 Make Flowlines Dialog Box
Make Flowlines Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Surface Model This allows you to choose a surface model for which to create flowlines. All surface
models for the current project are displayed in the drop list. If you want to select a surface
model from a different project, click on the All Surface Models icon.
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want any previously created flowlines for the selected surface model
Flowlines for to be erased before new flowlines are created.
this Surface
Annotate Toggle this on if you want to have the distance of the flowlines annotated when the
Flowline flowlines are created. The annotated distance is placed along the flowline.
Chapter 5: Slopes
Distance
Minimum Slope Enter the slope value that you want the program to consider as flat. If a flat area of the
to Analyze surface model is encountered, the flowline will pond the affected area.
Depth
CAD Settings This allows you to specify the parameters with which the flowline is placed, such as color,
layer/level, linetype/linestyle and width/weight.
QuickSteps
To create flowlines, complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Make Flowlines.
The Make Flowlines dialog box (Figure 5-5 on page 67) displays.
2. Select the surface model for which you want to create the flowlines from the
drop list, or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from
a different project.
3. If you want to erase previously drawn flowlines for this surface, turn on the
Erase Existing Flowlines for this Surface toggle.
4. Toggle on the Annotate Flowline Distance option if you want the distance of the
flowline to be annotated.
5. Enter the minimum slope to analyze depth to determine what is considered to
be flat on the site.
6. If you want to change the layer/level or color for the flowlines, click on the CAD
Settings icon.
7. Click on Apply.
You are prompted to select the locations for the flowlines.
8. Graphically select the starting locations for the flowlines.
Example
This is an example of flowlines, annotated with the length, that are placed on a surface
model. The flowlines show the direction that water will flow on the site, and the length
indicates the total length of each of the flowlines.
Figure 5-6 Flowlines with Distance Annotated
68 Site Design
Calculate Grade & Distance
S ITE DESIG N " S LOPES " CALCULATE G RADE & DISTANCE
KEY-IN COMMAND: sdcalcgrade

The Calculate Grade and Distance command allows you to determine the grade and
distance between two points based on a surface model. The elevations are obtained from
the surface model, not the object that is selected.
# If one or both of the points that have been selected are not inside the surface model or are
in a void region, an elevation for the point cannot be calculated. Therefore, the grade also
cannot be calculated.
Figure 5-7 Calculate Grade & Distance Dialog Box
Calculate Grade & Distance Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model Select the name of the surface model which you want to use to obtain
elevations from for calculating grades and distances. This displays all of the
surface models for the current project. If you want to use a surface model in a
different project, select the All Surface Models icon to the right of the surface
model drop list.
From Point This allows you to select the location of the point that you want to calculate the
grade from. You can either select a Node or a point in the CAD graphic using
the PIC button or enter the Northing (Y) and Easting (X) coordinates of the
Chapter 5: Slopes
point.
To Point This allows you to select the location of the point to which you want to calculate
the grade. You can either select a Node or a point in the CAD graphic using the
PIC button or enter the Northing (Y) and Easting (X) coordinates of the point.
Grade This is calculated when Apply is clicked. This is displayed according to the
option that is selected in the drop list. The available display options for the
grade are % Slope, H/V (Horizontal/Vertical), V/H (Vertical/Horizontal) and Unit/
Unit.
Calculate Grade & Distance Dialog Box Definitions
Distance This is the calculated horizontal distance between the From point and the To
point.
PIC This icon allows you to graphically select the Node ID or the Northing and
Easting coordinates from the CAD graphic.
QuickSteps
To calculate the grade and distance between two points for the selected surface model,
complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Calculate Grade and Distance.
The Calculate Grade & Distance dialog box (Figure 5-7 on page 69) displays.
2. Select the surface model from the drop list or click on the All Surface Models
icon to select a surface model from another project.
3. Enter a Node ID or the Northing and Easting coordinates for the From Point. You
can also click on the PIC button and select the Node or coordinates graphically.
4. Enter a Node ID or the Northing and Easting coordinates for the To Point. You
can also click on the PIC button and select the Node or coordinates graphically.
5. Select the option from the drop list to indicate how you want the grade
displayed.
6. Click on Apply.
The grade and distance are reported in the dialog box.
Annotate Slopes
S ITE DESIG N " SLOPES " A NNOTATE SLOPES
KEY-IN COMMAND: annslopes

This command provides an annotation tool to label grades from points selected on a
Surface Model. The slope is annotated along with a leader indicating the direction of the
slope.
You can annotate the grade by picking a single point, picking a triangle and having the
slope annotated from the center of the triangle or by picking two points on a surface
model. Choose the slope type (% Slope, H/V, V/H or Unit/Unit), leader length, annotation
70 Site Design
prefix/suffix and precision and whether the annotation is above or below the leader. The
annotation object that is placed dynamically updates when the leader is moved by using
CAD commands and grips.
Figure 5-8 Annotate Slopes Dialog Box
Annotate Slopes Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model Select the surface model for which you wish to annotate slopes from the drop
list. This contains all of the surface models that have been created for the
current project.
All Surface Click on the All Surface Models icon if you want to annotate the slopes for a
Models surface model from a different project.
PIC Depending on the Method set and what edit field has focus, the PIC icon allows
you to select a Node ID or coordinate pair for the point(s) you want annotated.
Chapter 5: Slopes
Method Set the method to control how the slope annotation is labeled. Choose from Two
Points, From Point, or Center of Triangle.
! Two Points This method allows you to select two points to place
the annotation between. The grade is based on the surface model
elevations of the two points entered and the distance between them.
You may enter Node ID's or coordinate pairs or select them
graphically using the PIC button. If the points are entered via the
keyboard, the Apply button places the annotation. If the points are
selected graphically, the annotation prompts will continue in CAD as
long as points are picked.
! From Point This method requires only one location to be specified.

The slope annotation will then emanate from that point in the direction
of the downward slope of the triangle on the surface model selected.
You may enter a Node ID or coordinate pair or select a point
graphically using the PIC button. If the point is entered via the
keyboard, the Apply button places the annotation. If the point is
selected graphically, the annotation prompt will continue in CAD as
long as a point is picked.
! Center of Triangle This method is similar to the From Point method

only the point picked indicates which triangle to annotate. The slope
annotation will then emanate from the center of the selected triangle
in the direction of the downward slope. You must select a point
graphically using the PIC button. The annotation prompt will continue
in CAD as long as a point is picked.
Node ID Enter the Node ID of the point you want annotated. If focus is in this edit field
when the PIC button is used, you will be prompted to select a Node from CAD.
The From Node ID field is used when the Method is set to From Point or Two
Points. The To Node ID edit field is only available when the Method is set to Two
Points.
Northing Enter the Northing (y coordinate) of the point you want annotated. If focus is in
this edit field when the PIC button is used, you will be prompted to select a point
from CAD. Both the Northing and Easting edit fields fill in the coordinates of the
point selected in CAD and the Annotation is automatically placed. The From
Northing field is used when the Method is set to From Point or Two Points. The
To Northing edit field is only available when the Method is set to Two Points.
Easting Enter the Easting (x coordinate) of the point you want annotated. If focus is in
this edit field when the PIC button is used, you will be prompted to select a point
from CAD. Both the Northing and Easting edit fields fill in the coordinates of the
point selected in CAD and the Annotation is automatically placed. The From
Easting field is used when the Method is set to From Point or Two Points. The
To Easting edit field is only available when the Method is set to Two Points.
72 Site Design
Annotation This button provides access to the Annotation Settings for this command. Set
Settings leader arrow, slope type, label prefix/suffix and precision options using this
command.
See Annotate Slope Settings (below) for additional information.
CAD Settings This icon allows you to set the parameters for the annotation object such as
color, layer/level, text style/font, and text height.
Annotate Slope Settings

SITE DESIG N " SLOPES " A NNOTATE SLOPES " A NNOTATION SETTING S
This command saves the annotation options for the Annotate Slopes command. You can
specify the length of the leader arrow, the text placement with respect to the leader arrow,
the slope type, slope label and precision of the slope value. These settings are saved
uniquely within each project.
Figure 5-9 Annotate Slope Settings Dialog Box
Annotate Slope Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Specify Length This radio button controls how long the leader arrow will be when placed in CAD. This
setting only affects the leader length when your annotation method is set to From Point or
Center of Triangle. When this option is selected the Length edit field enables and you
Chapter 5: Slopes
must enter a length greater than zero. The leader line will be drawn to the length specified.
Relative to Text This radio button controls how long the leader arrow is when placed in CAD. This setting
only affects the leader length when you annotation method is set to From Point or Center
of Triangle. When this option is selected, the length of the leader is 20 % larger than the
total length of the text string.
Length Enter the absolute length you want the leader arrow to be drawn in CAD.
Annotate Slope Settings Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Placement This controls the placement of the text annotation with respect to the leader arrow. Set the
text to be annotated Above, Below or in the Middle of the leader arrow.
Slope Type Specify the type of slope to be annotated. The available slope types are % Slope, H/V, V/
H and Unit/Unit.
Slope Label Enter the prefix, suffix or prefix and suffix associated with the slope. A maximum of 128
characters, including the less than and greater than brackets, may be entered. Information
entered before the less than bracket is considered a prefix. Information entered after the
greater than bracket (<> %) is considered a suffix. In order for the slope value to be
annotated, you must enter the less than and greater than brackets in the field. If the
brackets are not entered, the system places the prefix listed in the edit field and not the
value of the annotation.
Slope Precision This setting controls the precision of the slope value as it is annotated in CAD.
Make Flow Hachures

S ITE DESIG N " SLOPES " M AKE FLOW HACHURES
KEY-IN COMMAND: flowhach

The Flow Hachures command places flow hatchings onto the contours that are selected
for the surface model specified. This information can be used to draw hachures that
signify the lowest contour or depression in a region, such as a pond bottom. Flow
hachures show the direction of water flow with respect to the adjacent contours. This is
particularly useful when designing a watershed model to predict the direction of water flow.
The flow hachures are placed perpendicular to the contour line as per the type, layer
name/level number and interval specified in the Make Flow Hachures dialog box (Figure
5-10 on page 75). There are two types of hachures from which to choose: flow tick and
74 Site Design
flow arrow. The flow ticks are segments perpendicular to the contour line and the flow
arrows are arrows perpendicular to the contour line.
Figure 5-10 Make Flow Hachures Dialog Box
Make Flow Hachures Dialog Box Definitions

Original Surface This icon allows you to choose a surface model for which to make flow
Model hachures. All surface models for the current project are displayed in the drop
list. If you want to select a surface model from a different project, click on the
All Surface Models icon.
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the flow hachures only in the area that is
Display displayed on the screen.
User Defined Toggle this on if you want to create the flow hachures only within a selected
Boundary boundary.
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want to remove all of the existing flow hachures for this
Flow Hachures surface model before creating new flow hachures.
for this Surface
Hachure Enter the value for the spacing between each flow hachure.
Spacing
Hachure Type Select the type of hachure that you want placed on the contours. The
available options are Flow Tick and Flow Arrow.
CAD Settings This icon allows you to specify the layer/level and color for the flow hachures.
QuickSteps Chapter 5: Slopes
To create flow hachures on contours for the selected surface model, complete the
following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Make Flow Hachures.
The Make Flow Hachures dialog box, above, displays.
2. Select the surface model from the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models
3. Toggle on Use Screen Display if you want the flow hachures to be constructed
in the current view area.
4. Toggle on User-Defined Boundary if you want the flow hachures to be restricted
to a selected boundary.
5. Toggle on Erase Existing Flow Hachures for this Surface if you want to remove
previously created flow hachures for the selected surface model.
6. Enter the hachure spacing.
7. Select the hachure type. The available options are Flow Ticks and Flow Arrows.
8. Click on the CAD Settings icon if you want to change the layer/level or color for
the flow hachures.
9. Click on Apply.
You will only be prompted to select a boundary if you toggled on the User-Defined
Boundary option. Graphically select a closed object for the boundary.
You are prompted to select the contours on which you wish to place the hachures.
10. Graphically select the desired contours.
Example
Figure 5-11 Flow Contours with Hachures
Show Shadow Slope Contours

SITE DESIG N " SLOPES " S HOW SHADOW
KEY-IN COMMAND: makeslopeshad

The Show Shadow Slope Contours command allows you to display slope contours for the
selected surface model temporarily. The slopes of the site are determined from the
76 Site Design
surface model. From those slopes, a temporary surface model of the slope values is
constructed and the slope contours are created from that surface model.
# This is only a temporary display. As soon as the CAD graphic is redrawn, the shadow
slope contours disappear.
Figure 5-12 Show Shadow Slope Contours Dialog Box
Show Shadow Slope Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model This allows you to choose a surface model for which to make shadow slope
contours. All surface models for the current project are displayed in the drop
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the shadow slope contours only in the area
Display that is displayed on the screen.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to create the shadow slope contours only within a
Boundary selected boundary.
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want to remove all of the existing slope contours for this
Slope Contours surface model before creating new slope contours.
for this Surface
CAD Settings This icon allows you to set the colors for the slopes contours.
Settings This allows you to set the intervals and smoothing factors for the slope
contours.
For more information, see Slope Contour Settings on page 78.
QuickSteps Chapter 5: Slopes
To create shadow slope contours, complete the following steps:

1. Select Slopes ! Show Shadow.
The Show Shadow Slope Contours dialog box, above, displays.
2. Select the surface model for which to create the shadow slope contours from
the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model
from a different project.
3. Toggle on the Use Screen Display option if you want to create the shadow slope
contours only inside the area that is displayed on the screen.
4. Toggle on the User-Defined Boundary option if you want to create the shadow
slope contours only inside of a selected boundary.
5. Toggle on Erase Existing Slope Contours for this Surface if you want to remove
any previously created slope contours for the selected surface model.
6. Click on the CAD Settings icon if you want to change the colors of the slope
contours.
7. Click on the Settings button if you want to change any of the slope contour
parameters such as intervals and smoothing factors.
8. Click on Apply and, if prompted, graphically select a closed object as your
boundary.
You will be prompted to select the boundary only if you have toggled on the User-
defined Boundary option.
Slope Contour Settings

S ITE DESIG N " S LOPES " S HOW S HADOW " S ETTING S
The Slope Contour Settings command allows you to specify how the slope contours are
created. You enter the intermediate and index intervals, set the smoothing and polynomial
factors, and specify which CAD graphics these contours will be placed into and if you want
them referenced to the current CAD graphics.
# Options for determining in which CAD graphics these contours will be placed or whether
they are referenced are not available for shadow slope contours.
78 Site Design
# Slope contour settings are specific to the surface model that is selected.
Figure 5-13 Slope Contour Settings Dialog Box
Slope Contour Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Intermediate Enter the desired number of measuring units to be used between the intermediate (minor)
Slope Interval contours. The interval entered is a slope interval. The value in the edit field is displayed in
terms of percent slope.
Index Slope Enter the desired number of measuring units to be used between the index (major)
Interval contours. The interval entered is a slope interval. The value in the edit field is displayed in
terms of percent slope.
Smoothing Making contours with a smoothing factor provides more realistic contours by recognizing
Factor that the triangle faces of the surface model are not actually flat. The smoothing factor
refines the contours to be more accurate by constructing sub-triangles inside the given
triangle. The construction of triangles is a function of (Smoothing Factor + 1)2. The
smoothing factor represents the value entered in the edit field. The program uses this
smoothing factor when it makes elevation labels as well as when it makes contours.
Polynomial This is the number of vertices added between every two of the original contour vertices to
Factor represent this best fit curve. Polynomial smoothing is an optional procedure by which the
vertices of each contour are applied to a curve fit. The nature of the polynomial curve
equations does not guarantee that contours will not cross. A value of zero indicates no
smoothing. Larger factors create smoother contours, but increase the computing time and
size of the CAD graphic. Note that the program uses this factor only when it makes
contours.
Write Output Select this option to construct slope contours in the plan CAD graphic upon making slope
Chapter 5: Slopes
Plan Drawing/ contours. This option is on by default.
Design File
Write Output Select this option to have the slope contours constructed in an external CAD graphic
External located in another directory upon making slope contours. Use this option instead of the
Drawing/Design plan drawing/design file option. The slope contours can also be constructed in a new CAD
File graphic by typing in the full path and CAD graphic name in the edit field, or in an existing
CAD graphic by clicking on the Select File icon.
Slope Contour Settings Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Reference Toggle this on if you want the external CAD graphic to be referenced to the plan CAD
External graphic. Use this option if the slope contours are constructed in an external CAD graphic.
Drawing/Design
File
Make Intermediate and Index Slope Contours

S ITE DESIG N " S LOPES " M AKE INTERM EDIATE AND INDEX
KEY-IN COMMAND: makeslopecont
ICON:
The Make Intermediate and Index Slope Contours command allows you to create slope
contours for the selected surface model. The slopes of the site are determined from the
surface model. From those slopes, a temporary surface model of the slope values is
constructed and the slope contours are created from that surface model. Both
intermediate and index slope contours are created with this command.
Figure 5-14 Make Intermediate and Index Slope Contours Dialog Box
Make Intermediate and Index Slope Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model This allows you to choose a surface model for which to make intermediate and
index slope contours. All surface models for the current project are displayed in
the drop list. If you want to select a surface model from a different project, click
on the All Surface Models icon.
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the intermediate and index slope contours
Display only in the area that is displayed on the screen.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to create the intermediate and index slope contours
Boundary only within a selected boundary.
80 Site Design
Make Intermediate and Index Slope Contours Dialog Box Definitions
for this Surface
CAD Settings This allows you to set the parameters for the slope contours, such as color,
contours.
QuickSteps
To create intermediate and index slope contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Make Intermediate and Index.
The Make Intermediate and Index Slope Contours dialog box (Figure 5-14 on page
80) displays.
2. Select the surface model to create the intermediate and index slope contours
for from the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface
3. Toggle on the Use Screen Display option if you want to create the intermediate
and index slope contours only inside the area that is displayed on the screen.
4. Toggle on the User-defined Boundary option if you want to create the
intermediate and index slope contours only inside of a selected boundary.
6. Click on the CAD Settings icon if you want to change the parameters of the
slope contours, such as color, layer/level, linetype/linestyle and width/weight.
parameters, such as intervals and smoothing factors.
8. Click on Apply.
If you have toggled on the User-defined Boundary option, you are prompted to select
Chapter 5: Slopes
a boundary.
9. Graphically select a closed object as your boundary.
The index and intermediate contours display for the surface selected.
Make Intermediate Slope Contours
SITE DESIG N " S LOPES " M AKE INTERM EDIATE
KEY-IN COMMAND: makeslopeint

The Make Intermediate Slope Contours command allows you to create slope contours for
the selected surface model. The slopes of the site are determined from the surface model.
From those slopes, a temporary surface model of the slope values is constructed and the
slope contours are created from that surface model. Intermediate (minor) slope contours
are created with this command.
Figure 5-15 Make Intermediate Slope Contours Dialog Box
Make Intermediate Slope Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model This allows you to choose a surface model for which to make intermediate
slope contours. All surface models for the current project are displayed in the
drop list. If you want to select a surface model from a different project, click on
the All Surface Models icon.
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the intermediate slope contours only in the
Display area that is displayed on the screen.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to create the intermediate slope contours only within
Boundary a selected boundary.
for this Surface
contours.
82 Site Design
QuickSteps
To create intermediate slope contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Make Intermediate.
The Make Intermediate Slope Contours dialog box (Figure 5-15 on page 82) displays.
2. Select the surface model for which to create the intermediate slope contours
from the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface
3. Toggle on the Use Screen Display option if you want to create the intermediate
slope contours only inside the area that is displayed on the screen.
4. Toggle on the User-defined Boundary option if you want to create the
intermediate slope contours only inside of a selected boundary.
8. Click on Apply.
a boundary.
The intermediate contours display for the surface selected.
Make Index Slope Contours

SITE DESIG N " S LOPES " M AKE INDEX
KEY-IN COMMAND: makeslopeindex

Chapter 5: Slopes
The Make Index Slope Contours command allows you to create slope contours for the
selected surface model. The slopes of the site are determined from the surface model.
From those slopes, a temporary surface model of the slope values is constructed and the
slope contours are created from that surface model. Index slope contours are created with
this command.
Figure 5-16 Make Index Slope Contours Dialog Box
Make Index Slope Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model This allows you to choose a surface model for which to make index slope
contours. All surface models for the current project are displayed in the drop
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the index slope contours only in the area
Display that is displayed on the screen.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to create the index slope contours only within a
for this Surface
contours.
QuickSteps
To create index slope contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Make Index.
This displays the Make Index Slope Contours dialog box (Figure 5-16 on page 84).
2. Select the surface model to create the index slope contours for from the drop
list, or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a surface model from a
different project.
3. Toggle on the Use Screen Display option if you want to create the index slope
contours only inside the area that is displayed on the screen.
84 Site Design
Toggle on the User-defined Boundary option if you want to create the index slope
contours only inside of a selected boundary.
7. Click on Apply.
a boundary.
The index contours display for the surface selected.
Make User-Defined Slope Contours

SITE DESIG N " S LOPES " CONTOURS " M AKE USER-DEFINED
KEY-IN COMMAND: makeslopeuser

The Make User-Defined Slope Contours command allows you to create slope contours for
the selected surface model at a specified slope. The slopes of the site are determined
from the surface model. From those slopes, a temporary surface model of the slope
values is constructed and the slope contours are created from that surface model.
Chapter 5: Slopes
Figure 5-17 Make User-Defined Slope Contours Dialog Box
Make User-Defined Slope Contours Dialog Box Definitions
Original Surface This allows you to choose a surface model for which to make user-defined
Model slope contours. All surface models for the current project are displayed in the
Slope This is the user-defined slope at which the slope contours are created. This is
in terms of percent slope.
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the user-defined slope contours only in the
Display area that is displayed on the screen.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to create the user-defined slope contours only
Boundary within a selected boundary.
for this Surface
Settings This allows you to set the smoothing factors for the slope contours.
QuickSteps
To create user-defined slope contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Make User-Defined.
This displays the Make User-Defined Slope Contours dialog box (Figure 5-17 on page
85).
2. Select the surface model for which you wish to create the user-defined slope
contours from the drop list, or click on the All Surface Models icon to select a
surface model from a different project.
3. Enter the slope at which you want a slope contour created. You can also specify
the type of slope it is by using the drop list to the right.
4. Toggle on the Use Screen Display option if you want to create the user-defined
slope contours only inside the area that is displayed on the screen.
5. Toggle on the User-defined Boundary option if you want to create the user-
defined slope contours only inside of a selected boundary.
86 Site Design
9. Click on Apply.
a boundary.
The user-defined contours display for the surface selected.
Annotate Slope Contours

S ITE DESIG N " SLOPES " A NNOTATE
KEY-IN COMMAND: annslopecont
ICON:
The Annotate Slope Contours command allows you to label the slopes of the contours that
have been created. You can annotate intermediate, index or user-defined contours that
you created in Eagle Point.
The contours can be annotated by three methods: crossing, interval and endpoints. You
can specify where the annotation is placed, if the contours are broken around the
annotation, if a symbol is placed around the annotation and the angle at which the
annotation is placed.
MicroStation
If you are in MicroStation, you must have a fence placed around the contours to be annotated when
using the interval and endpoints methods.
Chapter 5: Slopes
# The Annotate Slope Contours command does not work on contours created with the Show
Shadow Slope Contours command because these are only temporary contours. This
command only works on contours created with the Make Intermediate and Index Slope
Contours, Make Intermediate Slope Contours, Make Index Slope Contours and Make
User-Defined Slope Contours commands.
Figure 5-18 Annotate Slope Contours Dialog Box
Annotate Slope Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Surface Model This allows you to select the surface model for which you wish to annotate
slope contours. All surface models for the current project are displayed in the
Intermediate Toggle this on if you want to annotate the slope for the intermediate slope
Contours contours that are selected.
Index Contours Toggle this on if you want to annotate the slope for the index slope contours
that are selected.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to annotate the slope for the user-defined slope
Contours contours that are selected.
Other Layer/ Toggle this on if you want to annotate contours that are on a specified layer/
Level level.
Crossing This option annotates the slope contours at the location where they cross a
Method line that you construct.
Interval Method This option annotates the selected slope contours based on spacing. Specify
the distance along the slope contour being annotated.
Endpoints This option places the slope contour annotation at the end of each selected
Method slope contour.
88 Site Design
Annotate Slope Contours Dialog Box Definitions
Annotation This allows you to specify how you want the slope contours to be annotated.
Settings You can specify how the annotation is placed on the slope contour, if you want
to break the slope contour around the annotation, place a symbol around the
annotation, and specify the direction of the annotation.
For more information, see Annotate Contour Settings on page 90.
Erase Existing This option allows you to remove the slope contour annotation that already
Slope Contour resides in the CAD graphic for the surface model selected.
Annotation for
this Surface
CAD Settings This allows you to set the parameters for the objects, such as color, layer/level,
linetype/linestyle and width/weight.
QuickSteps
To annotate slope contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Slopes ! Annotate.
This displays the Annotate Slope Contours dialog box (Figure 5-18 on page 88).
2. Specify the surface model to annotate the slope contours for by selecting it
from the drop list. You can annotate the slope contours from a different project
by clicking on the All Surface Models icon.
3. Select the type of slope contours to be annotated (Index, Intermediate, User-
defined or Other Layer/Level).
4. Set the annotation method to Crossing, Interval or Endpoints. If the Interval
method is selected, you need to specify a spacing between annotations.
5. If you want to change any of the annotation settings, click on the Annotation
Settings button.
6. If you want to erase the existing slope contour annotation for the selected
surface model, toggle on Erase Existing Slope Contour Annotation for this
Surface.
7. Click on Apply to annotate the slope contours.
A. Crossing: If you have selected crossing for the method, you are prompted
Chapter 5: Slopes
to select the first point. Graphically select the first point.

You are prompted to select a second point.
Graphically select the second point. The slope contours are annotated at
the location that they crossed the two points selected.
B. Interval/Endpoint: If you have interval or endpoint selected for the method,
you are prompted to select the contours that you want to annotate.
Graphically select the contours you want to have annotated. If you are a
MicroStation user, accept the contents of the fence placed around the
contours to be annotated.
Annotate Contour Settings

SITE DESIG N " SLOPES " A NNOTATE " A NNOTATION SETTING S
The Slope Contour Annotation Settings option allows you to specify how you want the
slope contours to be annotated. You can specify how the annotation is placed on the slope
contour, if you want to break the slope contour around the annotation, place a symbol
around the annotation and specify the direction of the annotation.
Figure 5-19 Annotate Contour Settings Dialog Box
Annotate Contour Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Annotation This allows you to specify the location of the annotation on the contour. The available
Location options are Above, Middle, and Below.
Text Height This allows you to specify how far from the contour, as a percentage of the text height, the
Displacement annotation is, if placed above or below the contour.
Place Symbol Toggle this on if you want to place a symbol around the contour annotation. When this is
Around toggled on, the Symbol drop list is enabled. The available symbols you can choose from
Annotation are rectangle, circle and ellipse.
Break Contour Toggle this on if you want to break the contour when it is annotated. This trims the contour
Around in the area that the annotation is placed.
Annotation
Annotation Toggle this on if you want to specify the direction at which the contour annotation will be
Direction placed. When this is toggled on, the angle and uphill/downhill options are enabled.
Angle This allows you to rotate the contour annotation instead of it being aligned with the
contour. The angle is measured counterclockwise with zero (0) degrees to the East.
90 Site Design
Annotate Contour Settings Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Uphill/Downhill This option allows you to specify the direction of annotation based on two points that are
selected. If the two points define a line in an upward direction, the contour annotation is
readable from left to right. If the two points define a line in a downward direction, the
contour annotation is readable from right to left. This option is only available when the
crossing method is selected.
Chapter 5: Slopes
92 Site Design
DEPTHS
In this chapter:
CHAPTER
Place Spot Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Place Grid Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Track Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Show Shadow Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Make Intermediate and Index Depth Contours . . 104
Make Intermediate Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . 106
Make Index Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Make User-Defined Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . .111
Annotate Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
6
Chapter 6: Depths 93
Place Spot Depth Stakes
S ITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " PLACE SPOT STAKES
KEY-IN COMMAND: Spotstake
ICON:
The Place Spot Depth Stakes command allows you to place Nodes at selected locations
to determine the depth between two surface models or a single surface model and a user-
defined elevation representing a constant elevation. The two surface models or the
surface model and constant elevation represent the original and final ground surfaces.
The program places the spot stakes into the CAD graphic with Nodes which have IDs and
descriptors that report the depth of cut or fill at the stake location, along with an elevation
that is interpolated from either the original or final surface model (whichever you specify).
# Data Transfer can be used to create an ASCII file of these depth stakes, or Data
Collection can be used to upload the depth stakes to a data collector. Field personnel can
use this information to place grading stakes in the field to give the contractor the grading
information to complete earthwork operations on a project.
Figure 6-1 Place Spot Depth Stakes Dialog Box
Place Spot Depth Stakes Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Original Surface Select a surface model from the drop list for the original surface, or click on the All Surface
Model Models icon to use a surface model from a different project. If you want to use a constant
elevation for the original surface, toggle on Use Constant Elevation and enter the
elevation.
Final Surface Select a surface model from the drop list for the final surface, or click on the All Surface
elevation for the final surface, toggle on Use Constant Elevation and enter the elevation.
94 Site Design
Place Spot Depth Stakes Dialog Box Definitions
Chapter 6: Depths
Option Function
Erase Existing Select this option to erase existing depth stakes before constructing new depth stakes. If
Depth Stakes this option is toggled off, the depth stakes are constructed without erasing any existing
depth stakes.
Settings This allows you to specify if the elevations of the depth stakes are obtained from the
original or final surface model. It also allows you to specify the starting Node ID and Field
Code that will be used for the depth stakes.
See Spot Depth Stakes Settings on page 96.
QuickSteps
To place spot depth stakes, complete the following steps:
1. Select Depths ! Place Spot Stakes.
This displays the Place Spot Depth Stakes dialog box (Figure 6-1 on page 94).
2. Select the original surface model from the drop list, or click on the All Surface
If you want to use a constant elevation for the original surface, toggle on the Use
Constant Elevation option and enter the elevation in the edit field.
If you want to use a constant elevation for the final surface, toggle on the Use
4. To erase any existing depth stakes, toggle on the Erase Existing Depth Stakes
option.
When the command is executed, any existing depth stakes will be erased before the
new stakes are placed. If the toggle is off, no depth stakes are erased.
5. If you want to change which model the elevation for the depth stake is obtained
from, or the starting Node ID and Field Code, click on the Settings button.
6. Click on Apply to accept the models marked as original and final and other
parameters toggled on or entered in the edit fields.
You are prompted to pick a point.
7. Graphically select the location for the staking points. When all locations are
identified, press the Enter key, and depth spot stakes are placed at the desired
locations.
Spot Depth Stakes Settings
S ITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " PLACE SPOT DEPTH STAKES " SETTING S
The Spot Depth Stakes Settings option allows you to choose between the two previously
selected surface models for Node elevations on the depth stakes. The Starting Node ID
field allows you to enter the beginning Node identifier to use for the process. The Field
Code option allows you to select the type of Node (with the corresponding Node attributes
and symbol) that will be used.
Figure 6-2 Spot Depth Stakes Settings Dialog Box
Spot Depth Stakes Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Original Model Select this option to specify final Node elevations to come from the original model.
Final Model Select this option to specify final Node elevations to come from the final model.
Starting Node ID Enter the Starting Node ID in the edit field. The depth Nodes will increment starting with
the value entered in this field.
Field Code Select the Field Code you want to use when placing depth stakes.
Place Grid Depth Stakes

SITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " PLACE G RID DEPTH STAKES
KEY-IN COMMAND: gridstake
ICON:
The Place Grid Depth Stakes command allows you to create a staking grid of cut or fill
depth at the stake location based off the X and Y intervals specified in the Place Grid
Depth Stakes Settings. Place Grid Depth Stakes provides information on the depth of cut
or fill between two surface models or a single surface model and a user-defined elevation
representing a constant elevation. The two surface models or the surface model and
96 Site Design
constant elevation represent the original and final ground surfaces. The program places
the grid stakes into the CAD graphic using the specified X and Y intervals measured from
Chapter 6: Depths
the first point selected. The stake points consist of Nodes which have IDs and descriptors
that report the depth of cut or fill at the stake location along with a final elevation that is
interpolated from either the original or final surface model (whichever you specify).
# Data Transfer can be used to create an ASCII file of these depth stakes, or Data
Collection can be used to upload the depth stakes to a data collector. Field personnel can
use this information to place grading stakes in the field to give the contractor the grading
information to complete earthwork operations on a project.
Figure 6-3 Place Grid Depth Stakes Dialog Box
Place Grid Depth Stakes Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
elevation.
Erase Existing Select this option to erase existing depth stakes before constructing new depth stakes. If
Stakes this option is toggled off, the depth stakes are constructed without erasing any existing
depth stakes.
Settings This allows you to specify if the elevations of the depth stakes are obtained from the
original or final surface model. It also allows you to specify the interval for the grid, starting
Node ID and Field Code that will be used for the depth stakes.
See Grid Depth Stakes Settings on page 98.
QuickSteps
To place grid depth stakes, complete the following steps:
1. Select Depths ! Place Grid Stakes.
This displays the Place Grid Depth Stakes dialog box (Figure 6-3 on page 97).
If you want to use a constant elevation for the original surface, toggle on the Use
If you want to use a constant elevation for the final surface, toggle on the Use
4. To erase any existing depth stakes, toggle on the Erase Existing Depth Stakes
option.
Any existing depth stakes will be erased before the new depth stakes are placed. If
the toggle is off, no depth stakes are erased.
5. If you want to change which model the elevation for the depth stake is obtained
from, the X and Y intervals, rotation angle, starting Node ID or Field Code, click
on the Settings button.
You will be prompted to select a corner of a region to grid.
7. Graphically select the first grid corner.
You will then be prompted to select the opposite corner of the region.
8. Graphically select the second grid corner.
The system constructs the grid based on the X and Y intervals established in the Grid
Depth Stakes Settings dialog box (Figure 6-4 on page 99).
Grid Depth Stakes Settings

SITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " PLACE G RID DEPTH STAKES " SETTING S
The Grid Depth Stakes Settings option allows you to choose between the two previously
selected surface models for Node elevations on the depth stakes. The X and Y intervals
allow you to set the density of grid stakes to be placed to be measured from the first point
selected. The rotation angle allows you to have the grid of depth stakes to be rotated
instead of horizontal and vertical. The Starting Node ID field allows you to enter the
beginning Node identifier to use for the process. The Field Code option allows you to
98 Site Design
select the type of Node (with the corresponding Node attributes and symbol) that will be
used.
Chapter 6: Depths
Figure 6-4 Grid Depth Stakes Settings Dialog Box
Grid Depth Stakes Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Original Model Select this option to specify final Node elevations to come from the original model.
Final Model Select this option to specify final Node elevations to come from the final model.
X Interval This allows you to specify how often a depth stake is placed in the X direction.
Y Interval This allows you to specify how often a depth stake is placed in the Y direction.
Rotation Angle This allows you to have the grid of depth stakes rotated instead of horizontal and vertical.
The angle is measured counterclockwise with 0 (zero) to the right.
Starting Node ID Enter the starting Node ID in the edit field. The depth Nodes will increment, starting with
the value entered in this field.
Field Code Select the Field Code that you want to be used when placing depth stakes.
Track Depths
S ITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " TRACK DEPTHS
KEY-IN COMMAND: sdtrackdepth

The Track Depths command allows you to determine the depth between two surface
models. Select the Original Surface Model and the Final Surface Model from the drop list.
The drop list displays all of the surface models for the current project. If you want to select
a surface model from a different project, click on the globe icon. Once the surface models
that you want to calculate the depths between are selected, click on the Apply button. As
your cursor moves in CAD, the Northing and Easting Coordinates are displayed as well as
the elevations for the original surface model and the final surface model. From these
elevations, a depth is calculated. The depth will be a negative number when in cut and a
positive number when in fill. Along with the depth, a label of cut or fill will also be
displayed. Once a point is selected in CAD, the tracking process will stop and the values
of the selected point will be displayed on the dialog box.
Figure 6-5 Track Depths Dialog Box
Track Depths Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Model Models icon to use a surface model from a different project.
Model Models icon to use a surface model from a different project.
Northing This displays the Northing (Y) coordinate value of your cross hairs.
Easting This displays the Easting (X) coordinate value of your cross hairs.
Original This displays the elevation (Z) coordinate value of your cross hairs for the Original Surface
Elevation Model that is selected in the drop list.
Final Elevation This displays the elevation (Z) coordinate value of your cross hairs for the Final Surface
Model that is selected in the drop list.
Depth This displays the depth between the Original Elevation and the Final Elevation. The depth
will be a negative number when in cut and a positive number when in fill. Along with the
depth, a label of cut or fill will also be displayed.
Cut/Fill The word cut will display here if the final elevation is lower than the original elevation.
The word fill will display here if the final elevation is higher than the original ground
elevation.
Show Shadow Depth Contours

S ITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " CONTOURS " S HOW S HADOW
KEY-IN COMMAND: makedepshad

The Show Shadow Depth Contours command allows you to create temporary contours by
comparing the final surface model to the original surface model, or a surface model to a
100 Site Design

constant elevation. This determines the locations that are in cut or fill. If you issue a
refresh command on your CAD system, the shadow depth contours will disappear.
Chapter 6: Depths
# The Shadow Depth Contours command is a convenient command to use prior to issuing
the Depth Contours command. If, after issuing the Shadow Depth Contours command,
you see a problem, all you need to do is refresh the screen and correct the problem.
# Since the shadow depth contours are temporary, the only CAD setting that applies is the
color.
Figure 6-6 Show Shadow Depth Contours Dialog Box
Show Shadow Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
elevation for the original surface, toggle on the Use Constant Elevation option and enter
the elevation.
elevation for the final surface, toggle on the Use Constant Elevation option and enter the
elevation.
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create shadow depth contours only in the limits of the screen.
Display
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to select a closed object inside of which the contours will be
Boundary created.
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want to erase existing depth contours before constructing new depth
Depth Contour contours. If this is off, the depth contours are placed without erasing any existing depth
Objects contours.
CAD Settings Select this option to set the color of the depth contours.
Settings This allows you to set the intervals and smoothing factors for the depth contours.
See Depth Contour Settings on page 103.

QuickSteps
To create shadow depth contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Depths ! Show Shadow.
This displays the Show Shadow Depth Contours dialog box (Figure 6-6 on page 101).
a constant elevation for the original surface, toggle on the Use Constant
Elevation option and enter the elevation in the edit field.
option and enter the elevation in the edit field.
4. If you want to create the depth contours only within the screen display, toggle
on the Use Screen Display option.
5. If you want to create the depth contours only within a selected boundary, toggle
on the User-defined Boundary option.
6. To erase any existing depth contours, toggle on the Erase Existing Depth
Contour Objects option.
Any existing depth contours will be erased before the new depth contours are created.
If the toggle is off, no depth contours are erased.
7. If you want to change any of the CAD Settings, such as color, click on the CAD
Settings icon.
8. If you want to change the interval or smoothing factors for the intermediate and
index depth contours, click on the Settings button.
If the User-defined Boundary option is toggled on, you will be prompted to select a
boundary.
10. Graphically select a boundary within which to create the depth contours.
The shadow depth contours display.
102 Site Design

Depth Contour Settings
Chapter 6: Depths
SITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " CONTOURS " SHOW SHADOW " SETTING S
The Depth Contour Settings command allows you to specify how the depth contours are
created. You enter the intermediate and index intervals, set the smoothing and polynomial
factors and specify which CAD graphics these contours will be placed into and if you want
them referenced to the current CAD graphics.
# The options for which CAD graphics these contours will be placed into and if they are
referenced is not available for Shadow Depth Contours.
Figure 6-7 Depth Contour Settings Dialog Box
Depth Contour Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Intermediate Enter the desired number of measuring units to be used between the intermediate (minor)
Interval contours.
Index Interval Enter the desired number of measuring units to be used between the index (major)
contours.
Smoothing Making contours with a smoothing factor provides more realistic contours by recognizing
Factor that the triangle faces of the surface model are not actually flat. The smoothing factor
refines the contours to be more accurate by constructing sub-triangles inside the given
triangle. The construction of triangles is a function of (smoothing factor + 1) 2. The
smoothing factor represents the value entered in the edit field. The program uses this
smoothing factor when it makes spot elevations, as well as when it makes contours.

Depth Contour Settings Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Polynomial This is the number of vertices added between every two of the original contour vertices to
Factor represent this best fit curve. Polynomial smoothing is an optional procedure by which the
vertices of each contour are applied to a curve fit. The nature of the polynomial curve
equation does not guarantee that contours will not cross. A value of zero indicates no
smoothing. Larger factors create smoother contours, but increase the computing time and
size of the CAD graphic. Note that the program uses this factor only when it makes
contours.
Construction Select the desired option to be used when you create contours. The available options are
Method polylines and Eagle Point contours. This option is only available in AutoCAD. BricsCad
will construct polylines. MicroStation will construct complex chains.
Write Output Select this option to construct depth contours in the plan drawing/design file upon making
Plan Drawing/ depth contours. This option is on by default.
Design File
Write Output Select this option to have depth contours constructed in an external drawing/design file
External located in another directory upon making depth contours. Use this option instead of the
Drawing/Design plan drawing/design file option. The depth contours can also be constructed in a new
File drawing/design file by entering the full path and drawing/design file name in the edit field,
or in an existing drawing/design file by clicking on the Select File icon.
Reference Toggle this on if you want the external drawing/design file to be referenced to the plan
External drawing/design file. Use this option if the depth contours are constructed in an external
Drawing/Design drawing/design file.
File
Make Intermediate and Index Depth Contours

S ITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " M AKE INTERM EDIATE AND INDEX
KEY-IN COMMAND: makedepcont
ICON:
The Make Intermediate and Index Depth Contours command allows you to create
intermediate and index contours by comparing the final surface model to the original
surface model, or a surface model to a constant elevation, and determining the locations
within the final surface model that are in cut or fill. Depth contours allow you to determine
what areas of the final surface model are at the specified depth of cut or fill in relation to
the original surface model. The depth contours can be annotated to indicate the locations
where the depth contour is in cut or fill. These contours can be used to make decisions
about whether building pads, pond bottoms or other design features need to be raised or
lowered in elevation to reduce the amount of cut or fill earthwork. The depth contours can
104 Site Design

also be used to see if the cut or fill depth reaches a certain value which may require
benching.
Chapter 6: Depths
Figure 6-8 Make Intermediate and Index Depth Contours Dialog Box
Make Intermediate and Index Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
elevation for the original surface, toggle on the Use Constant Elevation option and enter
the elevation.
Use Constant Toggle this on to select a constant elevation to project toward. After selecting this option,
Elevation you can enter an elevation in the field to the right.
elevation for the final surface, toggle on the Use Constant Elevation option and enter the
elevation.
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create intermediate and index depth contours only in the
Display limits of the screen.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to create intermediate and index depth contours only within a
Erase Existing Toggle this on if you want to erase existing depth contours before constructing new depth
Depth Contour contours. If this is off, depth contours are placed without erasing any existing depth
Objects contours.
CAD Settings Select this option to set the color, layer/level, width/weight and linetype/linestyle of the
intermediate and index depth contours.
Settings This allows you to set the intervals and smoothing factors for the intermediate and index
depth contours.
For more information, see Depth Contour Settings on page 103.
QuickSteps
To create intermediate and index depth contours, complete the following steps:

1. Select Depths ! Make Intermediate and Index.
This displays the Make Intermediate and Index Depth Contours dialog box, Figure 6-8
on page 105.
7. If you want to change any of the CAD Settings, such as layer/level, color, width/
weight or linetype/linestyle, click on the CAD Settings icon.
8. If you want to change the interval or smoothing factors for the intermediate and
index depth contours, click on the Settings button.
If the User-defined Boundary is toggled on, you will be prompted to select a boundary.
10. Graphically select a boundary to create the depth contours within.
The intermediate and index depth contours display.
Make Intermediate Depth Contours

SITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " M AKE INTERM EDIATE
KEY-IN COMMAND: makedepint
106 Site Design

The Make Intermediate Depth Contours command allows you to create intermediate
contours by comparing the final surface model to the original surface model, or a surface
Chapter 6: Depths
model to a constant elevation, and determining the locations within the final surface model
that are in cut or fill. Depth contours allow you to determine what areas of the final surface
model are at the specified depth of cut or fill in relation to the original surface model. The
depth contours can be annotated to indicate the locations where the depth contour is in
cut or fill. These contours can be used to make decisions about whether building pads,
pond bottoms or other design features need to be raised or lowered in elevation to reduce
the amount of cut or fill earthwork. The depth contours can also be used to see if the cut or
fill depth reaches a certain value which may require benching.
Figure 6-9 Make Intermediate Depth Contours Dialog Box
Make Intermediate Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Original Surface Select a surface model from the drop list for the original surface or click on the All Surface
elevation.
Use Constant Toggle this on to select a constant elevation to project toward. After selecting this option,
Elevation you can enter an elevation in the field to the right.
Final Surface Select a surface model from the drop list for the final surface or click on the All Surface
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the intermediate depth contours for what appears on
Display the screen. This will create the contours starting at the lower left corner of the screen and
ending at the upper right of the screen.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to create the intermediate depth contours within a selected
Boundary boundary. This will create depth contours only within the selected boundary.
Erase Existing Select this option to erase existing depth contours before constructing new depth
Depth Contour contours. If this option is toggled off, the depth contours are constructed without erasing
Objects any existing depth contours.
CAD Settings Select this option to set the color, layer/level, linetype/linestyle and width/weight of the
depth contours.

Make Intermediate Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Settings This allows you to set the interval and smoothing factors for the intermediate depth
contours.
QuickSteps
To create intermediate depth contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Depths ! Make Intermediate.
This displays the Make Intermediate Depth Contours dialog box (Figure 6-9 on page
107).
8. If you want to change the interval or smoothing factors for the intermediate
depth contours, click on the Settings button.
boundary.
The intermediate depth contours display.
108 Site Design

Make Index Depth Contours
Chapter 6: Depths
SITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " M AKE INDEX
KEY-IN COMMAND: makedepindex

The Make Index Depth Contours command allows you to create index contours by
comparing the final surface model to the original surface model, or a surface model to a
constant elevation, and determining the locations within the final surface model that are in
cut or fill. Depth contours allow you to determine what areas of the final surface model are
at the specified depth of cut or fill in relation to the original surface model. The depth
contours can be annotated to indicate the locations where the depth contour is in cut or fill.
These contours can be used to make decisions about whether building pads, pond
bottoms or other design features need to be raised or lowered in elevation to reduce the
amount of cut or fill earthwork. The depth contours can also be used to see if the cut or fill
depth reaches a certain value which may require benching.
Figure 6-10 Make Index Depth Contours Dialog Box
Make Index Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
elevation.
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the index depth contours for what appears on the
Display screen. This will create the contours starting at the lower left corner of the screen and
ending at the upper right of the screen.

Make Index Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
User-Defined Toggle this on if you want to create the index depth contours within a selected boundary.
Boundary This will create depth contours only within the selected boundary.
depth contours.
Settings This allows you to set the interval and smoothing factors for the index depth contours.
QuickSteps
To create index depth contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Depths ! Make Index.
This displays the Make Index Depth Contours dialog box (Figure 6-10 on page 109).
7. If you want to change any of the CAD Settings such as layer/level, color, width/
8. If you want to change the interval or smoothing factors for the index depth
contours, click on the Settings button.
110 Site Design

boundary.
Chapter 6: Depths
The index depth contours display.
Make User-Defined Depth Contours

S ITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " CONTOURS " M AKE USER-DEFINED
KEY-IN COMMAND: makedepuser

The Make User-Defined Depth Contours command allows you to create depth contours at
a specified depth by comparing the final surface model to the original surface model, or a
surface model to a constant elevation, and determining the locations within the final
surface model that are in cut or fill. Depth contours allow you to determine what areas of
the final surface model are at the specified depth of cut or fill in relation to the original
surface model. The depth contours can be annotated to indicate the locations where the
depth contour is in cut or fill. These contours can be used to make decisions about
whether building pads, pond bottoms or other design features need to be raised or
lowered in elevation to reduce the amount of cut or fill earthwork. The depth contours can
also be used to see if the cut or fill depth reaches a certain value which may require
benching.
Figure 6-11 Make User-Defined Depth Contours Dialog Box

Make User-Defined Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
elevation.
Cut Depth Toggle this option on if you want to create a cut depth contour. Enter the depth in the edit
field to the right.
Fill Depth Toggle this option on if you want to create a fill depth contour. Enter the depth in the edit
field to the right.
Use Screen Toggle this on if you want to create the user-defined depth contours for what appears in
Display the screen limits. This will create the contours starting at the lower left corner of the screen
and ending at the upper right of the screen.
User-Defined Toggle this on if you want to create the user-defined depth contours within a selected
Boundary closed boundary. This will create depth contours only within the selected boundary.
depth contours.
Settings This allows you to set the smoothing factors for the user-defined depth contours.
QuickSteps
To create user-defined depth contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Depths ! Make User-Defined.
This displays the Make User-defined Depth Contours dialog box (Figure 6-11 on page
111).
4. Select either Cut Depth or Fill Depth for the user-defined depth contours.
5. Enter the depth for the user-defined depth contours in the edit field.
112 Site Design

6. If you want to create the user-defined depth contours only within the screen
display, toggle on the Use Screen Display option.
Chapter 6: Depths
7. If you want to create the user-defined depth contours only within a selected
boundary, toggle on the User-Defined Boundary option.
10. If you want to change the smoothing factors for the user-defined depth
contours, click on the Settings button.
If the User-Defined Boundary option is toggled on, you will be prompted to select a
boundary.
The user-defined depth contours are displayed for the selected models.
Annotate Depth Contours

S ITE DESIG N " DEPTHS " A NNOTATE
KEY-IN COMMAND: anndepcont
ICON:
The Annotate Depth Contours command annotates the depth of the selected contours
based off of the surface models or constant elevations that were used when the depth
contours were created. The depth contours that can be annotated are intermediate, index
and user-defined.
The contours can be annotated by three methods: crossing, interval and endpoints. You
can specify where the annotation is placed, if the contours are broken around the

annotation, if a symbol is placed around the annotation and the angle at which the
annotation is placed.
MicroStation
You need to have a fence placed around the contours to be annotated when using the interval and
endpoints methods.
# The Annotate Depth Contours command does not work on depth contours created with
the Show Shadow Depth Contours command because these are only temporary contours.
This command only works on polylines/complex chains created with the Make
Intermediate and Index Depth Contours, Make Intermediate Depth Contours, Make Index
Depth Contours and Make User-Defined Depth Contours commands.
Figure 6-12 Annotate Depth Contours Dialog Box
Annotate Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Intermediate Toggle this on if you want to annotate the depth for the intermediate depth contours that
are selected.
Index Toggle this on if you want to annotate the depth for the index depth contours that are
selected.
User-defined Toggle this on if you want to annotate the depth for the user-defined contours that are
selected.
Other Layer/ Toggle this on if you want to annotate an object that is not a depth contour generated by
Level Eagle Point. You can select polylines/complex chains with this option. Only the selected
polylines/complex chains that reside on the layer/level specified will be annotated.
Crossing This allows you to annotate depth contours manually with a user-defined line. The
Method annotation is placed where a line constructed crosses any contour lines.
114 Site Design

Annotate Depth Contours Dialog Box Definitions
Chapter 6: Depths
Option Function
Interval Method This allows you to enter an interval at which you want the depth contours annotated. Turn
on this toggle and enter an interval.
Endpoints Turn this toggle on to place annotation at the end of the specified depth contours.
Method
Annotation This allows you to specify how you want the depth contours to be annotated. You can
Settings specify how the annotation is placed on the depth contour, if you want to break the depth
contour around the annotation, place a symbol around the annotation and specify the
direction of the annotation.
For more information, see Annotate Contour Settings on page 90.
Erase Existing Select this option to erase any depth contour annotation before the depth contours are
Depth Contour annotated again.
Annotation
QuickSteps
To annotate depth contours, complete the following steps:
1. Select Depths ! Annotate.
This displays the Annotate Depth Contours dialog box (Figure 6-12 on page 114).
2. Select the type of depth contours to be annotated (Index, Intermediate, User-
defined or Other Layer/Level).
3. Select an annotation method of Crossing, Interval or Endpoints. If the Interval
method is selected, you will need to specify a spacing between annotations.
4. To change any of the settings, such as location, symbol and angle, click on the
Annotation Settings button.
5. If you want to erase existing depth contour annotation, toggle on Erase Existing
Depth Contour Annotation.
6. Click on Apply to annotate the depth contours.
If you have selected crossing for the method, you are prompted to select the first
point.
7. Graphically select the first point.
You are prompted to select the second point.
8. Graphically select the second point.
The depth contours are annotated at the location that they were crossed with the two
points selected.

If you have interval or endpoints selected for the method, you are prompted to select
the contours that you want to annotate.
9. Graphically select the contours that you want to have annotated.
The depth contours are annotated with the interval specified, or at the endpoints of the
contour lines. If you are a MicroStation user, accept the contents of the fence placed
around the contours to be annotated.
Example
This is an example of how the annotation on depth contours would appear.
Figure 6-13 Annotated Depth Contours
116 Site Design

SOIL BORING
In this chapter:
CHAPTER
Manage Soil Boring Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Edit Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Import Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Export Soil Boring Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Make Soil Boring Surface Models . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
View Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Chapter 7: Soil Boring 117

Manage Soil Boring Models
S ITE DESIG N " SOIL BORING " M ANAG E DATA
KEY-IN COMMAND: mansubdata

The Manage Soil Boring Models command provides a method to manage subsurface
models that are parallel or absolute to another surface model. The parallel feature
attempts to create a subsurface parallel to another surface, i.e, topsoil. If the depths of the
subsurface are uniform, then the subsurface will be parallel. If the depths are not uniform,
then a linear transition is applied, but still attempting to be parallel to the top surface. The
Absolute with Conflict Checking method allows a subsurface to be at a fixed depth from
the top surface so it will not daylight into another surface. The Absolute with No Conflict
Checking feature allows a subsurface to be at a fixed elevation where it can allow daylight
through another surface.
# The order in which the Soil Boring Models are placed is the order that they are reached
from the top surface model.
# There are restrictions on the order in which the types of soil boring surface models can be
placed. The order that they are listed in the Type drop list (found on the New, Insert or
Modify Soil Boring Model commands) is the order that they can be placed in (Parallel,
Absolute Conflict Checking and Absolute No Conflict Checking). As soon as Absolute
Conflict Checking type is used, Parallel can no longer be used below that model. As soon
as Absolute No Conflict Checking type is used, Absolute Conflict Checking and Parallel
can no longer be used below that model.
Figure 7-1 Manage Soil Boring Models Dialog Box
118 Site Design

Manage Soil Boring Models Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Top Surface Select the surface model that will be used as a reference for the bore holes. When using
Model boring holes that reference depth, a surface model must be selected before anything else
can be done.
New Soil Boring Click on this icon to add a soil boring surface model for the Top surface model. Soil boring
Model model surface parameters can be entered in the New Soil Boring Model dialog box,
shown below.
For more information, see New Soil Boring Model, below.
Chapter 7: Soil Boring

Insert Soil To insert a soil boring surface model, highlight an existing model and click on this icon.
Boring Model The inserted surface will be positioned above the highlighted model. The name for the
Data inserted surface and the surface parameters can be entered in the Insert Soil Boring
Model dialog box.
For more information, see New Soil Boring Model, below.
Modify Soil To change any of the parameters for a soil boring surface model already in the manager,
Boring Model highlight the model you want to modify and click on this icon. The Modify Soil Boring
Surface Model dialog box displays, allowing parameters to be adjusted.
For more information see New Soil Boring Model, below.
Delete Soil To delete a soil boring surface model, highlight the model to be deleted, then click on this
Boring Model icon. This deletes the soil boring surface model files.
New Soil Boring Model

S ITE DESIG N " SOIL BORING " M ANAG E DATA " NEW S OIL BORING M ODEL
The New Soil Boring Model command allows you to add a soil boring surface model for
the Top surface model selected in the drop list. Soil boring surface model parameters can
be entered in the New Soil Boring Model dialog box, shown below. You will need to enter a
name for the model and select a type.
Figure 7-2 New Soil Boring Model Dialog Box
New Soil Boring Model Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Top Surface This displays the surface model that will be used as a reference for the bore holes.
Model

New Soil Boring Model Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Description To name the soil boring surface model, type the name in this field.
Type Select the type of soil boring surface model. The available options are Parallel, Absolute
Conflict Checking and Absolute No Conflict Checking.
! Parallel: This attempts to create a subsurface parallel to the top surface. If the
depths of the subsurface are uniform, then the subsurface will be parallel. If the
depths are not uniform, then a linear transition is applied that is still attempting
to be parallel to the top surface.
! Absolute Conflict Checking: This allows a subsurface to be at a fixed elevation
from the top surface so it will not allow daylight into another surface.
! Absolute No Conflict Checking: This allows a subsurface to be at a fixed
elevation so it can allow daylight through another surface.
QuickSteps
To add a new soil boring surface model, complete the following steps:
1. Select Soil Boring ! Manage Data.
This displays the Manage Soil Boring Models dialog box (Figure 7-1 on page 118).
2. From the drop list, select the top surface model that you want to use for the
subsurface models.
3. Click on the New Soil Boring Model icon.
This displays the New Soil Boring Model dialog box (Figure 7-2 on page 119). The top
surface model is displayed as static text at the top of the dialog box.
4. Type the description for the subsurface model in the Description edit field.
5. Select the type of subsurface model that you desire from the drop list.
The available options are Parallel, Absolute Conflict Checking and Absolute No
Conflict Checking.
6. Click on Apply to add the new soil boring model and keep the New Soil Boring
Model dialog box open, or click on OK to add the new soil boring model, close
the New Soil Boring Model dialog box and return to the Manage Soil Boring
Models dialog box.
Example
This is an example showing the different types of soil boring surface models that can be
created. The topsoil represents the top surface model. The clay represents a parallel
surface. The rock represents an absolute surface with conflict checking. The ground water
120 Site Design

represents an absolute surface with no conflict checking. As you can see, the ground
water extends into the rock and clay surfaces.

Figure 7-3 Water Encroaching on Daylight through Clay
Edit Soil Boring Data

S ITE DESIG N " SOIL BORING " EDIT DATA
KEY-IN COMMAND: editsubdata
ICON:
The Edit Soil Boring Data command allows you to enter where each boring hole was taken
on the site. Along with the location, you also need to enter the depth from the top surface
model, or an elevation of the subsurface. If there was no information for the surface at the
bore hole, toggle on the No Data option.
The Soil Boring feature places Nodes used to generate subsurface models that are
parallel or absolute to another surface model in the CAD graphic. If the site has one
original surface (topsoil) and three subsurfaces (clay, rock and ground water), the original
ground is the topmost surface used as the basis for generating subsurfaces. The first
subsurface (clay), which has a relatively uniform depth to the original surface, is classified
as Parallel. The second subsurface (rock), which is not likely to follow the contours of the
original ground but may not have daylight above the original ground, is defined as
Absolute with Conflict Checking. The third subsurface (ground water), which encroaches
on daylight through the subsurface and original surface, is defined as Absolute with No
Conflict Checking.
You need a minimum of three boring Nodes. The subsurface can be parallel or absolute to
the surface above. You can also place boring Nodes that have the subsurfaces placed
above the other surfaces in the CAD graphic. The boring Node information can be placed
in the CAD settings graphically or by coordinates. These Nodes have the same attributes

as COGO Nodes. These subsurfaces are listed in the Manage Surface Models dialog box
found in the Surface Modeling manual. All routines and products that use surface models
can access the information; however, the Triangulate Surface Model routine doesnt allow
you to access this model. Therefore, the Triangulate Surface Model routine cant overwrite
the information. If you recreate the original surface model, a flag warning you that the soil
boring surface model should be recreated is set.
The soil boring data you can edit in the Edit Soil Boring Data dialog box, below, are any of
the columns that are not disabled. These columns are the Bore Hole, Northing, Easting
and the Elevation, Depth and No Data columns for all of the subsurfaces (every surface,
except for the top surface). For the top surface model, the elevation will automatically be
calculated from the surface model.
Figure 7-4 Edit Soil Boring Data Dialog Box
Edit Soil Boring Data Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Top Surface This allows you to choose the top surface model.
Model
Bore Hole This displays the Node ID at the bore holes. This ID can be an alphanumeric ID.
Northing This indicates the Northing (Y) coordinate of the boring Node.
Easting This indicates the Easting (X) coordinate of the boring Node.
Elevation This indicates the elevation of the top surface model at this bore hole location.
New Bore Hole This allows you to enter a new boring hole. You can either enter the coordinates or
graphically select the location for the bore hole.
For more information, see New Bore Hole on page 123.
122 Site Design

Edit Soil Boring Data Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Modify Bore This allows you to modify the information for the selected bore hole, including bore hole
Hole ID, Northing, Easting, Field Code and description.
For more information, see New Bore Hole, below.
Delete Bore Hole This allows you to remove a bore hole and all of its associated data from the dialog box.
Modify Soil This allows you to modify the elevation or depth for each surface at the selected bore hole
Boring Data location. You can also specify that there is no data for a particular subsurface. For more
information, see Modify Soil Boring Data on page 124.

View Soil Boring This allows you to display a log sheet for the boring hole. This displays the elevation and
Data depth to each subsurface.
For more information, see View Soil Boring Data on page 126.
Soil Boring Data This allows you to print the soil boring data that is displayed in the dialog box.
Print Options
For more information, see View Soil Boring Data on page 126.
New Bore Hole

SITE DESIG N " S OIL BORING " EDIT DATA " NEW BORE HOLE
The New Bore Hole command allows you to enter a new boring hole. You can either enter
the coordinates or graphically select the location for the bore hole. The elevation will
automatically be inherited from the top surface model. The location of the bore hole must
fall within the boundary of the top surface model.
Figure 7-5 New Bore Hole Dialog Box
New Bore Hole Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Bore Hole ID This indicates the Node ID of the boring log. This can be numeric or alphanumeric,
depending on your Node formats.
For more information on Node formats, see Formats in the Eagle Point Menu manual.
Northing This indicates the Northing (Y) coordinate of the boring Node. This can be manually
entered or graphically selected by using the PIC button.

New Bore Hole Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Easting This indicates the Easting (X) coordinate of the boring Node. This can be manually
entered or graphically selected using the PIC button.
Field Code This allows you to select a symbol to be placed for the bore hole Node.
Description This is the description of the soil boring Node that is placed.
PIC This icon allows you to graphically select the Northing and Easting location in the CAD
graphic.
QuickSteps
To add a new bore hole, complete the following steps:
1. Select Soil Borings ! Edit Data.
The Edit Soil Boring Data dialog box (Figure 7-4 on page 122) displays.
2. Select the top surface model for which you want to add a new bore hole from
the Top Surface Model drop list.
3. Click on the New Bore Hole icon.
The New Bore Hole dialog box (Figure 7-5 on page 123) displays.
4. Enter the bore hole ID that you want to have associated with the bore hole.
5. Enter the Northing and Easting coordinates, or click on the PIC button to select
a location in the CAD graphic.
6. From the drop list select the Field Code to be used when the bore hole is
located
7. Enter a description for the bore hole.
This description overrides the default description for the selected Field Code.
8. Click on Apply to add the new bore hole and keep the new Bore Hole dialog box
open, or click on OK to add the new bore hole, close the New Bore Hole dialog
box and return to the Edit Soil Boring Data dialog box.
Modify Soil Boring Data

SITE DESIG N " S OIL BORING " EDIT DATA " M ODIFY S OIL BORING DATA
124 Site Design

This option allows you to modify the elevation or depth for each selected subsurface. You
can also specify if there is no data for a specific surface.

Figure 7-6 Modify Soil Boring Data Dialog Box
Modify Soil Boring Data Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Surface This allows you to select the subsurface for which you want to specify the elevation or
depth.
Depth This field specifies the depth from the top surface model for the selected surface at this
bore hole location. When you enter the depth, the elevation is automatically displayed.
Elevation This specifies the elevation for the selected surface at this bore hole location. When you
enter the elevation, the depth from the top surface model is automatically displayed.
No Data for this This allows you to specify no elevation/depth data at the bore hole location.
Surface
QuickSteps
To modify the soil boring data at a selected bore hole location, complete the following
steps:
1. Select Soil Boring ! Edit Data.
The Edit Soil Boring Data dialog box (Figure 7-4 on page 122) displays.
2. Click on the Modify Soil Boring Data icon.
The Modify Soil Boring Data dialog box, above, displays.
3. Select the surface for which you want to specify the elevation or depth.
The drop list displays the available subsurfaces.
4. Enter the elevation for the subsurface at this bore hole location or enter the
depth from the top original surface.
5. If you have no elevation or depth information for this surface, turn on the No
Data for this Surface toggle.
6. Click on Apply to modify the soil boring data for the selected bore hole and
keep the Modify Soil Boring Data dialog box open, or click on OK to modify the

soil boring data, close the Modify Soil Boring Data dialog box and return to the
Edit Soil Boring Data dialog box.
View Soil Boring Data

S ITE DESIG N " S OIL BORING " EDIT DATA " VIEW SOIL BORING DATA
The View Soil Boring Data command allows you to view a log sheet of the selected boring
hole. Each of the subsurfaces are displayed with a different color along with the elevation
and depth to each subsurface.
Figure 7-7 View Soil Boring Data Dialog Box
View Soil Boring Data Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Top Surface This allows you to select the top surface model. Once this is selected, the subsurface data
Model for the selected bore hole is displayed in the display area.
Bore Hole This allows you to choose the bore hole for which you want to see soil boring data.
Display Area This displays the soil boring data for the top surface model and bore hole. Each of the
subsurfaces are displayed along with elevation and depth information.
Soil Boring Data Print Options

SITE DESIG N " S OIL BORING " EDIT DATA " SOIL BORING DATA PRINT OPTIONS
126 Site Design

The Soil Boring Data Print Options command allows you to print the Bore Hole Node ID,
Northing and Easting coordinates, surfaces, elevations and depths and specify whether
there is no data for the surface. You can customize what data is printed, the width of
columns, column headings and the order in which the data will be printed.

Figure 7-8 Soil Boring Data Print Options Dialog Box
Soil Boring Data Print Options Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Data to Print This column displays all of the items that are available to be printed.
Print This column displays if the items listed in the Data to Print column will be printed. If there
is a check mark in this field, the item will be printed.
Width This column displays how many columns will be reserved for the item listed in the Data to
Print column.
Column Header This column displays the heading that will be printed for each of the items listed in the
Data to Print column.
Order This column displays the order (from left to right) in which the items listed in the Data to
Print column will be printed. The lowest number will be farthest to the left and the highest
number will be farthest to the right.
Total Printed This displays the total of all of the numbers that are displayed in the Width column for the
Columns Used items that are toggled on to be printed.
Total Printed This displays the total number of columns that are available to be printed as set by the
Columns print setup.
Available
For more information on print setup, see Print Setup in the Eagle Point Menu manual.
Save Settings This allows you to save the Soil Boring Data Print Options as the defaults so the next time
As Default this command is selected, the print options will be set to what they were when the Save
Settings as Default toggle was turned on.
QuickSteps
To print soil boring data, complete the following steps:
1. Select Soil Boring ! Edit Data.

This displays the Edit Soil Boring data dialog box (Figure 7-4 on page 122).
2. From the drop list, select the top surface model for which you want to print the
soil boring data.
3. Click on the Soil Boring Data Print Options icon.
This displays the Soil Boring Data Print Options dialog box (Figure 7-8 on page 127).
4. Toggle on the Print option and enter the width reserved, the column heading
and the order for the all of the items that you wish to print.
5. If you want to save the current Soil Boring Data Print Options, turn on the Save
Settings as Default toggle.
6. Click on the Print button to print the information.
Import Soil Boring Data

S ITE DESIG N " SOIL BORING " IM PORT DATA
KEY-IN COMMAND: subimpdata

The Import Data command converts an ASCII coordinate file containing depths or
elevations for subsurfaces into boring holes. The bore hole Nodes are placed using the
Field Code specified. The Nodes are placed for the subsurfaces of the top surface model
selected. This command is designed to read data into the CAD graphic and list the Nodes
in the Edit Soil Boring Data dialog box (Figure 7-4 on page 122) based on the subsurfaces
listed. One subsurface must be added to the Manage Soil Boring Models dialog box
(Figure 7-1 on page 118) before the Import Soil Boring Data dialog box (Figure 7-10 on
page 129) can be used.
Each bore hole Node is placed at the coordinate and elevation of the specified location
listed in the ASCII file, unless the location is not on the top surface model. The points not
on the surface model are disregarded. A warning box displays the disregarded point
coordinates. If the Z-coordinate or elevation field is left blank, the program interpolates an
elevation from the original surface model for this point. The ASCII file with the subsurface
information can be either in Depth or Elevation format. For each subsurface listed, the
depth or elevation being applied to each subsurface is checked against the parameter set
for that surface type (Parallel, Absolute Conflict Checking or Absolute No Conflict
Checking). If a subsurface type is set to Parallel or Absolute Conflict Checking and the
elevation or depth specified in the ASCII file is above the previous surface or subsurface
elevation or depth, a warning box listing the bore hole Nodes in conflict displays. These
points in conflict are disregarded. If the ASCII file contains more soil boring data than the
subsurfaces listed, a warning dialog box displays listing the bore hole Nodes that have
more soil boring log data than subsurface data.
128 Site Design

The ASCII file should have one line for each point with the depth on that same line, or
each point on different lines as shown in the figure below.

Figure 7-9 Example Formats for Soil Boring ASCII File
# The file must be comma-delimited. The first elevation is optional, but the commas must be
there to delineate the field. Elevation can be used instead of Depth.
Figure 7-10 Import Soil Boring Data Dialog Box
Import Soil Boring Data Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Top Surface This allows you to choose the top surface model for which you want to import the soil
Model boring information.

Import Soil Boring Data Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
File Name Enter the path and file name of the ASCII point file. You can click on the Select File icon,
to the right of the File Name edit field, to display the standard Select File dialog box to
locate the file.
Soil Boring Specify which format (either depth or elevation) the ASCII file is in.
Format
Format Example This field displays a sample format of how the bore hole Nodes will be imported from the
ASCII file. A description of each part of the format, as well as an example, is given.
Selected File This displays the first line of the actual file selected in the defined format.
Field Code This allows you to specify the Field Code that will be used for the bore holes that are being
imported
QuickSteps
To import soil boring data, complete the following steps:
1. Select Soil Boring ! Import Data.
The Import Soil Boring Data dialog box (Figure 7-10 on page 129) displays.
2. Select the top surface model from the drop list.
This is the surface model for which the soil boring information is imported.
3. Enter the path, file name and extension of the soil boring file of the ASCII point
file in the File Name edit field. You may also click on the Select File icon to use
the Select File dialog box to locate the file.
4. To use a Depth soil boring format, select the Depth option. To use an Elevation
soil boring format, select the Elevation option.
5. From the Field Code drop list, select the Field Code to use when placing the soil
boring Node.
6. Click on OK to begin importing information.
If there are any problems with the bore hole Nodes that are being imported, a warning
box will display showing the errors with the file. Possible errors are listed below:
Soil Boring Log Node not found on Surface Model.
No surface model elevation specified for boring log.
No Surface Model subsurface information specified.
Subsurface conflicted with another subsurface.
Soil Boring log has more subsurface information in the file.
Soil Boring log already exists, overwrite existing data.
130 Site Design

The system places the Nodes in the CAD graphic and updates the boring Node
information. If there are any errors, no soil boring Nodes will be imported.
Export Soil Boring Data

SITE DESIG N " S OIL BORING " EXPORT DATA

KEY-IN COMMAND: subexpdata
The Export Soil Boring Data command converts boring holes to an ASCII coordinate file
containing depths or elevations. This command is designed to read data from the CAD
graphic and list the Boring Holes in a comma-delimited ASCII file with a name that you
choose.
Figure 7-11 Export Soil Boring Data Dialog Box
Export Soil Boring Data Dialog Box Definitions

Option Function
Top Surface This allows you to choose the top surface model for which you want to export the soil
Model boring information.
File Name Enter the path and file name of the ASCII point file. You can click on the Select File icon to
the right of the edit field to display the Select File dialog box to locate the file.
Soil Boring Specify which format (either elevation or depth) the ASCII file is in.
Format
Format Example This field displays a sample format of how the bore hole Nodes will be exported from the
ASCII file. A description of each part of the format, as well as an example, is given.
Make Soil Boring Surface Models

SITE DESIG N " S OIL BORING " M AKE S URFACE M ODELS

KEY-IN COMMAND: makesubtin
ICON:
The Make Soil Boring Surface Model command constructs a boring surface model for
each surface as either parallel, absolute with conflict checking or absolute with no conflict
checking. It generates a surface model for the first subsurface listed and then continues
down the list, in order, until it generates a surface model for all subsurfaces. The
construction of the soil boring surface model requires three or more boring holes to be
constructed. The construction of the soil boring surface model is restricted to within the
boring Nodes. The routine first constructs a soil boring surface model of the boring Nodes
based on depth. Then, it locates all points on the original surface model that fall within the
soil boring surface model and points to where both original and soil boring surface model
triangle legs intersect. These points are added to the soil boring surface model (see Figure
7-13 on page 134 through Figure 7-17 on page 136).
Once the soil boring surface model is constructed, conflict checking is done. Conflict
checking for a parallel surface is the setting of all points on the soil boring surface model to
their interpolated depth from the three original boring holes, which were used to construct
the triangle for this region, and subtracts their interpolated depth from each point on the
original soil boring surface model. The depth is then converted back to elevations and
written to the disk. The last step is the insertion of the breaklines, void regions and
boundary lines that fall in each soil boring surface model region, making the surface
models similar in structure (see Figure 7-18 on page 136).
Conflict checking of the absolute requires Site Design to locate all points and interpolated
depths as described above and construct a soil boring surface model. From these depths,
all points with a negative depth are locations where the soil boring surface model allows
daylight above the surface. From these negative depth points, the routine works backward
between the original and boring triangle to find the plane where the two surface models
cross. At this location, points are established on the soil boring surface model and the
negative depth points are set to zero depth, the program then converts the depth back to
elevations and writes to the disk. The last step is the insertion of the void regions and
boundary lines to the soil boring surface model.
If no conflict checking is required, Site Design locates all points and interpolates depths
as described and constructs a soil boring surface model. Then the system converts the
depths back to elevations and writes the information to a disk. The last step is the insertion
of the void regions and boundary lines to the soil boring surface model.
Figure 7-12 Make Soil Boring Surface Models Dialog Box
132 Site Design

Make Soil Boring Surface Models Dialog Box Definitions
Option Function
Surface Model This allows you to select the surface model for which you want to create the soil boring
surface models.
Use Top Surface This allows you to use the boundary of the top surface model so the soil boring surface
Models models dont extend outside of the top surface model.
Boundary
QuickSteps

To create soil boring surface models, complete the following steps:
1. Select Soil Boring ! Make Surface Models.
This displays the Make Soil Boring Surface Models dialog box (Figure 7-12 on page
132).
2. Select the Top surface model from the drop list.
3. Toggle on the Use Top Surface Models Boundary option if you want to restrict
the soil boring surface models within the boundary of the top surface model.
4. Click on Apply.
If there are three or more Nodes, a surface model is generated for each subsurface. If
there are fewer than three Nodes, a warning box displays with this message:
You must have three or more Nodes to create a soil boring surface model.
For creation of the next soil boring surface model, the program calculates the depth
between this surface and the surface above, unless this surface does not require
conflict checking.

Example
The following are examples of the Make Soil Boring Surface Models command.
Figure 7-13 Original Nodes Used to Create Top Surface Model
Original Points used for the top surface model are shown above.
Figure 7-14 Resulting Surface Model for Top Surface Model
134 Site Design

The surface model created from Nodes for the top surface model is shown in the Resulting
Surface Model for Top Surface Model example (Figure 7-14 on page 134).

Figure 7-15 Bore Hole Nodes Placed
In the Bore Hole Nodes Placed example, above, the bore hole Nodes (330, 331, 332) are
placed. The bore holes are used to create the soil boring surface model. The bore hole
Nodes must be within the boundary of the top surface model.
Figure 7-16 Resulting Soil Boring Surface Model for Bore Holes

The Resulting Soil Boring Surface Model for Bore Holes example (Figure 7-16 on page
135) is a surface model for a subsurface. The surface model first connects the three bore
hole Nodes, then creates additional triangles from the top surface model.
Figure 7-17 Surface Models for Top Surface Model and for Boring Surface Model
The additional triangles that were created between the bore hole Nodes follow the top
surface model. Every location that the triangle leg (from one bore hole to another) crosses
the top surface model triangles, a vertex is placed. This allows the subsurface model to
use this vertex to create the additional triangles between the bore holes.
Figure 7-18 Conflict Check for Soil Boring Surface Model
136 Site Design

View Soil Boring Data
SITE DESIG N " S OIL BORING " VIEW DATA
KEY-IN COMMAND: viewsub

The View Soil Boring Data command allows you to display the information about a boring
hole in a manner similar to a log sheet. This displays the elevations of each surface, the

depths of each material and the name of each of the surfaces.
See View Soil Boring Data on page 126 for more information.

138 Site Design
SITE DESIGN
GLOSSARY
OF
TE R M S
Analyze Slopes
This command performs a slope analysis of the
various slope ranges on a surface model. Surface
model triangles will be placed into the CAD graphic
according to their slope along with an arrow pointing in
the direction of the slope. Each slope range may be
defined on its own layer/level with its own color.
Balance Volumes
This is the process of raising or lowering a surface
model in order to achieve an equality of cut volume
and fill volume between it and another surface model.
Catchline
This refers to the three-dimensional line that Eagle
Point constructs by connecting the endpoints of the
slope projection lines during a slope projection
command. Also known as a daylight line.
Cut Slope
This is a slope projection line that is oriented at a
positive grade (upwards) with respect to the feature
line from which it was projected.
Depth Contour
This is a contour line that usually denotes even depths
between two surface models.
Glossary of Terms 139

Depth Stake
This is a user-defined location that, when selected graphically, annotates the depth
between two surface models. The depth stakes are colored differently depending on
whether they denote a positive depth (fill) or negative depth (cut).
Feature line
This refers to the object from which to project slopes. It may contain both lines and
arcs.
Fill Slope
This is a slope projection line that is oriented at a negative grade (downwards) with
respect to the feature line from which it was projected.
Flow Hachures
These are hatch marks that are placed onto contours to denote direction of flow. Flow
hachures radiating inwards from a closed contour line indicate a depression; hachures
radiating outward indicate a hill.
Flowlines
These are lines generated by Eagle Point that represent the paths that drops of water
would take if they were dropped at specific locations on a surface model. A flowline
stops when it reaches the boundary of the surface model or when it reaches a
depression.
Grid Stakes
Depth Stakes may be placed by setting grid parameters. You may specify the X- and
Y-coordinate intervals of the staking grid.
Index Interval
This is the interval at which you want the major depth/slope contour lines to be placed.
Index depth/slope contours have their own CAD settings associated with them so they
may be placed on different layers/levels and in different colors than Intermediate depth/
slope contours.
Intermediate Interval
This is the interval at which you want the minor depth/slope contour lines to be placed.
Index depth/slope contours have their own CAD settings associated with them so they
may be placed on different layers/levels and in different colors than Index depth/slope
contours.
140 Site Design

Linear Interval
This is the user-defined distance between slope projection lines along a straight
segment of a feature line.
Polynomial Factor
This is a contour creation setting (depth or slope) that is used to control how smooth a
contour looks. It is based on splining techniques and is performed on the contour lines
after they have been interpolated from the triangles of the surface model. Contours
created with a polynomial factor may not be as accurate as contours produced with a
smoothing factor specified.
Prismoidal Volume
This refers to a form of finite element analysis among all of the triangles of two surface
models to produce a true volume calculation.
Radial Interval
This is the user-defined angle in degrees, between slope projections around a corner,
along a feature line.
Shadow
Shadow objects are temporarily shown in the CAD graphic. As the graphic is
regenerated/updated, the objects disappear. These objects are useful when you want
to see contours within a certain area but are unsure whether or not you want them
permanently placed within CAD.
Slice Volume
Slice volumes report the volume between two elevations when a prismoidal volume
calculation is performed. Setting a slice interval will report multiple slice volumes over
the range of elevations in the design surface model.
Slope Contours
Slope contours are produced to show constant slope values across a surface model.
Slope Projection
This is the process of projecting slopes from a feature line until they intercept the
specified surface model.
Slope Project Line

This is a three-dimensional line that is projected at a user-defined slope off a feature
line.
Glossary of Terms 141

Smoothing Factor
This is a contour creation setting (depth or slope) that is used to control how smooth a
contour looks. It is based on a triangle densification process that produces more
triangle legs for a contour line to intercept, thereby producing less jagged contours.
Soil Boring Model

This is a surface model that is created by knowing depths or elevations to subsurface
materials at specified locations. An original ground surface model serves as the basis
for the soil boring model.
Soil Boring Model Types

When a Soil Boring Model is made, it must use the geometry of the parent surface
model to interpolate the additional shots on the soil boring model. The types of
interpolation are parallel, absolute without conflict checking and absolute with conflict
checking.
Surface Model
This is the network (mesh) of triangles that is created by connecting all valid points and
object endpoints selected, according to the Delauney triangulation method. Sometimes
it is referred to as a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) or Digital Terrain Model
(DTM).
User-defined Contour
This is a depth/slope contour that can be constructed to show any depth between two
surface models or the slope of a surface model.
142 Site Design

INDEX
Symbols Annotated Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Annotation Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
% Slope, H/V, V/H, Unit/Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Annotation Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Annotation Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89, 115
Numerics Assign Grade to Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3-D Feature Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Assign Grade to Object Dialog Box . . . . . 21
3-D Feature Editor Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . 7 Assign Grade to Object Settings . . . . . . . 22
Calculate Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Slope Projection Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Assign Grade to Object Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . 21
3-D Feature Editor Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Assign Grade to Object Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3-D Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Assign Grade to Object Settings Dialog
3-D Offset Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Create Curb Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Assign Grade to Object Settings Dialog Box . . 22
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 B
3-D Offset Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Balance Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Balance Volumes Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . 51
A Balance Volumes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Absolute Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Analyze Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Isometric View of Merged Balanced and
Analyze Slopes Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Original Surface Models . . . . . . . . . . 55
Generate Slope Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Isometric View of Original and Building
New Slope Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Pad Surface Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Analyze Slopes Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Original Surface Model with Building
Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Pad Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Annotate Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Annotate Contour Settings Dialog Box . . . 90 Balance Volumes Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Annotate Contour Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . 90 Balance Volumes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Annotate Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Balance Volumes Settings Dialog Box . . . 56
Annotate Depth Contours Dialog Box . . 114 Balance Volumes Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . 56
Annotated Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Balanced Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Bore Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122, 126
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Bore Hole ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Annotate Depth Contours Dialog Box . . . . . . 114 Bore Hole Nodes Placed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Annotate Flowline Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Break Contour Around Annotation . . . . . . . . . 90
Annotate Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Annotate Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 C
Annotate Slope Contours Dialog Box . . . . 88 CAD Settings 11, 16, 21, 24, 29, 32, 36, 39, 41, 56,
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 66, 67, 75, 77, 81, 82, 84, 86, 89, 101, 105,
Annotate Slope Contours Dialog Box . . . . . . . 88
Index 143
107, 110, 112, 115 Depth Contour Settings Dialog Box . . . .103
Calculate Grade & Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Depth Contour Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . .103
Calculate Grade & Distance Dialog Box . 69 Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4, 93
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Annotate Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . .113
Calculate Grade & Distance Dialog Box . . . . . 69 Make Index Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . .109
Calculate Prismoidal Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Make Intermediate and Index Depth
Calculate Prismoidal Volumes Dialog Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Make Intermediate Depth Contours . . . .106
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Make User-Defined Depth Contours . . . .111
Calculate Prismoidal Volumes Dialog Box . . . 45 Place Grid Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
Calculate Prismoidal Volumes for Balanced Place Spot Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Show Shadow Depth Contours . . . . . . . .100
Calculate Slice Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Track Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Calculate Slice Volumes Dialog Box . . . . 48 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120, 124
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Desired Number of Points . . . . . . . . . . . . .17, 22
Calculate Slice Volumes Dialog Box . . . . . . . . 48 Direction to Next Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Calculate Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 11 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Calculate Volumes Dialog Box . . . . . . . . 12 Display Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
Calculate Volumes Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Display Slope By . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Change Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Display Slope Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Change Elevation Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . 25 Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11, 70
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Distance to Next Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Change Elevation Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Divide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Change the Elevation of the Final Surface Downward Displacement Limits . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Draw Feature Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 63, 64 Draw Feature Line Dialog Box . . . . . . . . .13
Column Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Draw Feature Line Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Conflict Check for Soil Boring Surface E
Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Easting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7, 23, 100, 122, 124
Construction Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Edit Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Create Curb Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Edit Soil Boring Data Dialog Box . . . . . . .122
Crossing Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88, 114
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 49
New Bore Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Cut Compaction Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 57
Soil Boring Data Print Options . . . . . . . .126
Cut Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Water Encroaching on Daylight
Cut Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 28, 56
through Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Cut/Fill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 100
Edit Soil Boring Data Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . .122
Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7, 23, 26, 122, 125
D Elevation from Catchline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Data to Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Elevation from Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Delete Bore Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Elevation View of Slope Projections
Delete Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 to an Offset, Then to a Surface Model . . .38
Delete Slope Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Ending Endpoint Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Delete Soil Boring Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Ending Slice Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100, 125 Ending Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Depth Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Endpoints Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88, 115
144 Site Design

Erase All Existing Slope Projections Generate Slope Ranges Dialog Box . . . . . . . . 64
for this Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 69
Erase By Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29, 32, 35 Grade to Next Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Erase Existing Depth Contour Annotation . . . 115 Grid Depth Stakes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Erase Existing Depth Contour Objects .101, 105, Grid Depth Stakes Settings Dialog Box . . 99
107, 110, 112 Grid Depth Stakes Settings Dialog Box . . . . . 99
Erase Existing Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Erase Existing Flow Hachures for this H
Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Hachure Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Erase Existing Flowlines for this Surface . . 66, 67
Hachure Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Erase Existing Slope Analysis Objects
For This Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Erase Existing Slope Contour Annotation I
for this Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Ideal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Erase Existing Slope Contours for this Import Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77, 81, 82, 84, 86 Example Formats for Soil Boring ASCII
Erase Existing Slope Projections for Surface . 35 File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Erase Existing Slope Projections for this Import Soil Boring Data Dialog Box . . . . 129
Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 39 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Erase Existing Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Import Soil Boring Data Dialog Box . . . . . . . . 129
Erase Project Lines by Selection . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Increment each color number . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Example Formats for Soil Boring ASCII File . 129 Increment Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Export Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Export Soil Boring Data Dialog Box . . . . 131 Index Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Export Soil Boring Data Dialog Box . . . . . . . . 131 Index Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Index Slope Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
F Inherit Elevation from CAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Insert Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Field Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96, 99, 124, 130
Insert Soil Boring Model Data . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
File Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130, 131
Intermediate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Fill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 49
Intermediate Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Fill Compaction Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 57
Intermediate Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Fill Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Intermediate Slope Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Fill Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 28, 56
Interpolate Additional Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Final Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Interpolate Additional Geometry Dialog
Final Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96, 99
Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Final Surface Model .45, 48, 51, 94, 97, 100, 101,
Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings 17
105, 107, 109, 112
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
First Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Interpolate Additional Geometry Dialog Box . . 15
Flow Contours with Hachures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings . . . . 17
Flow Lines with Distance Annotated . . . . . . . . 68
Format Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130, 131
Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
From Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
G Interval Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88, 115
Generate Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Generate Slope Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 64 Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Generate Slope Ranges Dialog Box . . . . 64 Project Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Isometric View of Merged Balanced
Index 145
and Original Surface Models . . . . . . . . . . 55 Make Intermediate and Index Depth
Isometric View of Original and Building Pad Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Surface Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Make Intermediate and Index Depth
Isometric View of Slope Projections Contours Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . .105
to an Offset, Then to a Surface Model . . . 37 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
Isometric View of Slopes Projected From a Make Intermediate and Index Depth
Feature Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Contours Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
K Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Keep When Complete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Contours Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
L Make Intermediate and Index Slope
Layer/Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 63, 64 Contours Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 5 Make Intermediate Depth Contours . . . . . . . .106
3-D Feature Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Make Intermediate Depth Contours
3-D Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Assign Grade to Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Change Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Make Intermediate Depth Contours Dialog
Draw Feature Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Interpolate Additional Geometry . . . . . . . 15 Make Intermediate Slope Contours . . . . . . . . .82
Project Plan Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Make Intermediate Slope Contours
Track Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Linear Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 29, 32, 39, 56 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Lower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Make Intermediate Slope Contours Dialog
Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
M Make Soil Boring Surface Models . . . . . . . . .131
Bore Hole Nodes Placed . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
Make Copy of Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 21, 24 Conflict Check for Soil Boring Surface
Make Flow Hachures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Flow Contours with Hachures . . . . . . . . . 76 Make Soil Boring Surface Models
Make Flow Hachures Dialog Box . . . . . . . 75 Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Original Nodes Used to Create Top
Make Flow Hachures Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . 75 Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Make Flowlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Resulting Soil Boring Surface Model
Flow Lines with Distance Annotated . . . . 68 for Bore Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
Make Flowlines Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Resulting Surface Model for Top
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Make Flowlines Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Surface Models for Top Surface Model
Make Index Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 and for Boring Surface Model . . . . .136
Make Index Depth Contours Dialog Box 109 Make Soil Boring Surface Models Dialog
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132
Make Index Depth Contours Dialog Box . . . . 109 Make User-Defined Depth Contours . . . . . . .111
Make Index Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Make User-Defined Depth Contours
Make Index Slope Contours Dialog Box . 84 Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Make Index Slope Contours Dialog Box . . . . . 84 Make User-Defined Depth Contours
146 Site Design

Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Original Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96, 99
Make User-Defined Slope Contours . . . . . . . . 85 Original Nodes Used to Create Top
Make User-Defined Slope Contours Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Original Surface Model 45, 48, 51, 75, 86, 94, 97,
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 100, 101, 105, 107, 109, 112
Make User-Defined Slope Contours Dialog Original Surface Model with Building Pad . . . . 53
Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Original Surface Model with Building Pad
Manage Soil Boring Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Manage Soil Boring Models Dialog Other Layer/Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88, 114
Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
New Soil Boring Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 P
Soil Boring Model Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Perform Slope Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Manage Soil Boring Models Dialog Box . . . . 118
PIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 26, 70, 124
Manage Surface Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Place Grid Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Grid Depth Stakes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Maximum Length of Segments . . . . . . . . . 17, 23
Place Grid Depth Stakes Dialog Box . . . . 97
Maximum Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Minimum Length of Segments . . . . . . . . . . 17, 22
Place Grid Depth Stakes Dialog Box . . . . . . . 97
Minimum Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Place Results in CAD Graphic . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Minimum Slope to Analyze Depth . . . . . . . 66, 67
Place Results in CAD Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Modify Bore Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Place Spot Depth Stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Modify Slope Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Place Spot Depth Stakes Dialog Box . . . . 94
Modify Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Spot Depth Stakes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Modify Soil Boring Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Place Spot Depth Stakes Dialog Box . . . . . . . 94
Place Symbol Around Annotation . . . . . . . . . . 90
N Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
New Bore Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122, 123 Polynomial Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79, 104
New Bore Hole Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Preview Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
New Bore Hole Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Previous Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
New Slope Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61, 62 Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
New Slope Range Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . 63 Prismoidal Volume Calculation Method in
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Isometric View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
New Slope Range Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Project Plan Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
New Soil Boring Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Project Plan Objects Dialog Box . . . . . . . 24
New Soil Boring Model Dialog Box . . . . . 119 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Project Plan Objects Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . 24
New Soil Boring Model Dialog Box . . . . . . . . 119 Project Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 27
Next Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 14 Erase Project Lines by Selection . . . . . . . 38
No Data for this Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Project Slopes to Catchline . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Northing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 23, 100, 122, 123 Project Slopes to Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Number of Iterations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Project Slopes to Surface Model . . . . . . . 28
O Along Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Around Corner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Offset Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Project Slopes to Catchline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Project Slopes to Catchline Dialog Box . . 32
Original Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Index 147
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Project Slopes to Catchline Dialog Box . . . . . 32 Show Shadow Depth Contours Dialog Box . .101
Project Slopes to Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Show Shadow Flowlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Elevation View of Slope Projections to QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
an Offset, Then to a Surface Model . 38 Show Shadow Flowlines Dialog Box . . . . .66
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Show Shadow Flowlines Dialog Box . . . . . . . .66
Isometric View of Slope Projections to Show Shadow Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
an Offset, Then to a Surface Model . 37 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Project Slopes to Offset Dialog Box . . . . . 34 Show Shadow Slope Contours Dialog
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Project Slopes to Offset Dialog Box . . . . . . . . 34 Slope Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Project Slopes to Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Show Shadow Slope Contours Dialog Box . . .77
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Side to Project to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Isometric View of Slopes Projected Slice Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
From a Feature Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11, 63, 86
Project Slopes To Surface Model Slope Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Slope Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Slope Contour Settings Dialog Box . . . . . .79
Slopes Projected From a Feature Line . . 30 Slope Contour Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . . .79
Project Slopes To Surface Model Dialog Box . 28 Slope of First Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Project to Constant Offset First . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Slope of Second Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Projection to Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Slope Projection Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Projection to Surface Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Slope Projection Settings Dialog Box . . . .10
Slope Projection Settings Dialog Box . . . . . . . .10
R Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4, 59
Analyze Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Radial Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 29, 32, 41, 56
Annotate Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Raise/Lower Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Calculate Grade & Distance . . . . . . . . . . .69
Reference External Drawing/Design File 80, 104
Make Flow Hachures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Relative Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Make Flowlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Relative Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Make Index Slope Contours . . . . . . . . . . .83
Resulting Soil Boring Surface Model
for Bore Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Resulting Surface Model for Top Surface
Make Intermediate Slope Contours . . . . . .82
Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Make User-Defined Slope Contours . . . . .85
Rotation Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Show Shadow Flowlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Show Shadow Slope Contours . . . . . . . . .76
S Slopes Projected From a Feature Line . . . . . . .30
Save Settings As Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Smoothing Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79, 103
Select New Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Soil Boring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Select User-Defined Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Edit Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Selected File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Export Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131
Selection Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Import Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Settings 16, 21, 52, 77, 81, 82, 84, 86, 95, 97, 101, Make Soil Boring Surface Models . . . . . .131
105, 108, 110, 112 Manage Soil Boring Models . . . . . . . . . .118
Show Shadow Depth Contours . . . . . . . . . . . 100 View Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Depth Contour Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Soil Boring Data Print Options . . . . . . . .123, 126
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
Show Shadow Depth Contours Dialog Soil Boring Data Print Options Dialog
148 Site Design

Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 U
Soil Boring Data Print Options Dialog Box . . . 127
Soil Boring Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130, 131 Uphill/Downhill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Soil Boring Model Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Upper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Soil Borings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Upward Displacement Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Spot Depth Stakes Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Use Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 49
Spot Depth Stakes Settings Dialog Box . . 96 Use Compaction Factor . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 49, 56
Spot Depth Stakes Settings Dialog Box . . . . . 96 Use Compaction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Starting Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Use Constant Elevation 10, 12, 28, 39, 41, 45, 48,
Starting Endpoint Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 105, 107
Starting Node ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96, 99 Use Screen Display . . 75, 77, 80, 82, 84, 86, 101,
Starting Slice Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 105, 107, 109, 112
Starting Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Use Top Surface Models Boundary . . . . . . . 133
Starting with Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 User Defined Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 User-defined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Surface Model .12, 23, 24, 28, 32, 39, 41, 60, 66, User-Defined Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110, 112
67, 69, 77, 80, 82, 84, 88, 133 User-defined Boundary . . 77, 80, 82, 84, 86, 101,
Surface Model to Create . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 105, 107
Surface Model to Project to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 User-defined Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Surface Models for Top Surface Model
and for Boring Surface Model . . . . . . . . . 136 V
View Soil Boring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123, 137
T Volume Verification Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Text Height Displacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 43
To Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Balance Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Top Surface Model . . . . 119, 122, 126, 129, 131 Calculate Prismoidal Volumes . . . . . . . . . 44
Total Printed Columns Available . . . . . . . . . . 127 Calculate Slice Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Total Printed Columns Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Prismoidal Volume Calculation Method
Track Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 in Isometric View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Track Coordinates Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . 23
Track Coordinates Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 W
Track Depths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Water Encroaching on Daylight
Track Depths Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 through Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Track Depths Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Transition Slope Projections Along Object . . . 38 Write Output External Drawing/Design File . . . 79,
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 104
Transition Slope Projections Along Object Write Output Plan Drawing/Design File . . 79, 104
Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Transition Slope Projections Along Object X
Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Transition Slope Projections Around Corner . . 40 X Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
QuickSteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Transition Slope Projections Y
Around Corner Dialog Box . . . . . . . . 41 Y Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Around Corner Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Index 149
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Table of Contents iii

7 Soil Boring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Site Design Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Figure 1-1 Prismoidal Volume Calculation Method in Isometric View

KEY-IN COMMAND: 3dfeatedit

3-D Feature Editor Dialog Box

Slope Projection Settings

Figure 2-2 Slope Projection Settings Dialog Box

Slope Projection Settings Dialog Box Definitions

Figure 2-3 Calculate Volumes Dialog Box

Calculate Volumes Dialog Box Definitions

KEY-IN COMMAND: sdfeatline

Figure 2-4 Draw Feature Line Dialog Box

Draw Feature Line Dialog Box Definitions

Interpolate Additional Geometry

KEY-IN COMMAND: interpolate

Figure 2-5 Interpolate Additional Geometry Dialog Box

Interpolate Additional Geometry Settings Dialog Box Definitions

KEY-IN COMMAND: 3doff

Figure 2-7 3-D Offset Dialog Box

3-D Offset Dialog Box Definitions

Figure 2-8 Create Curb Example

Assign Grade to Object

KEY-IN COMMAND: gradeobj

Figure 2-9 Assign Grade to Object Dialog Box

Assign Grade to Object Settings

Figure 2-10 Assign Grade to Object Settings Dialog Box

Assign Grade to Object Settings Dialog Box Definitions

KEY-IN COMMAND: sdtrack

Figure 2-11 Track Coordinates Dialog Box

Track Coordinates Dialog Box Definitions

KEY-IN COMMAND: projplan

Figure 2-12 Project Plan Objects Dialog Box

Project Plan Objects Dialog Box Definitions

KEY-IN COMMAND: sdchangeelev

Figure 2-13 Change Elevation Dialog Box

Chapter 3: Project Slopes 27

KEY-IN COMMAND: projslope

Figure 3-1 Project Slopes To Surface Model Dialog Box

Project Slopes To Surface Model Dialog Box Definitions

Chapter 3: Project Slopes 29

Figure 3-2 Slopes Projected From a Feature Line

Project Slopes to Catchline

Chapter 3: Project Slopes 31

Figure 3-4 Project Slopes to Catchline Dialog Box

Project Slopes to Catchline Dialog Box Definitions

Chapter 3: Project Slopes 33

KEY-IN COMMAND: projoffset

Figure 3-5 Project Slopes to Offset Dialog Box

Chapter 3: Project Slopes 35

Figure 3-6 Isometric View of Slope Projections to an Offset, Then to a Surface

Chapter 3: Project Slopes 37

Erase Project Lines by Selection

KEY-IN COMMAND: eraseprojlines

Transition Slope Projections Along Object

KEY-IN COMMAND: transobj

Figure 3-8 Transition Slope Projections Along Object Dialog Box

Transition Slope Projections Along Object Dialog Box Definitions

Chapter 3: Project Slopes 39

Transition Slope Projections Around Corner

KEY-IN COMMAND: transcorner

Figure 3-9 Transition Slope Projections Around Corner Dialog Box

Chapter 3: Project Slopes 41