GE

Inspection Technologies Ultrasonic

Phasor XS
021-002-362 rev 4

g GEInspectionTechnologies.com

2008 General Electric Company. All rights reserved.

We reserve the right to technical modifi cations without prior notice

Contents
1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus,
and Displays ......................................................5
1.1 Supplying Power ....................................................5
1.2 Powering On and Off the Instrument ...................6
1.3 Keypad and Knob Features...................................6
1.4 Home Menu and Functions.............................7
1.5 Display Screen Features (Phased Array) ...........10
1.6 Startup Mode ........................................................ 11
1.7 Software Updates ................................................ 11
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement...13
2.1 Language, Units of Measurement,
Date, and Time......................................................13
2.2 Display Appearance .............................................14
2.3 Installing a Phased Array Probe .........................15
2.3.1 ................................................Connecting a Probe
15
 &RQJXULQJWKH,QVWUXPHQWIRUD3KDVHG
Array Probe................................................................. 16
2.3.3 Inputting Wedge-Related Information ..................... 17
2.4 Inputting Test-Piece Properties .........................18
'HQLQJWKH6FDQ3DUDPHWHUV ...........................21
'HQLQJWKH8OWUDVRQLF&KDUDFWHULVWLFV
of the Displayed Scan..........................................23
2.6.1 LEG Setting to Control the Scan Range................... 23
2.6.2 Setting the Display Delay .......................................... 23
 'HQLQJWKH'LVSOD\V6WDUWLQJ3RLQW ....................... 23
2.7 Pulser and Receiver Settings for Phased
Array Operation ...................................................24
2.7.1 Setting the Pulser Voltage Level
(UT-PULSER-VOLTAGE) ............................................ 24
2.7.2 Selecting the Pulser Width
(UT-PULSER-WIDTH).................................................. 25
2.7.3 Specifying the Receiver Frequency
(UT-RECEIVER-FREQUENCY)................................... 25
 6HOHFWLQJD5HFWLFDWLRQ0RGH
(UT-RECEIVER-ASCAN RECTIFY) ............................ 25
2.8 Managing Gates for Phased Array Operation ...26
2.8.1 Positioning Gates....................................................... 26
2.8.2 Selecting the TOF-Detection Method ....................... 28
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
Contents
2.8.3 Setting Gate Logic .................................................... 28
 &RQJXUHWKH*DWHWR,JQRUHRU$FFHSW
Off-Screen Triggers
(DISPLAY-RESULTS2-GATE SHAPE)........................ 28
2.8.5 Assign TTL Output / Alarm Indication
Light to a Gate (DISPLAY-RESULTS2-TTL #1) ......... 28
2.9 Calibrating the Instrument / Probe
Combination .........................................................29
2.9.1 Performing a Quick Calibration ............................... 29
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode...................31
3.1 Selecting the Displayed View (Phased Array) ...31
3.2 Displaying Results (Phased Array).....................32
3.3 Controlling A-Scan Orientation and
Beam Cursor Position .........................................34
3.4 Operating in Freeze Mode (Phased Array).........36
3.5 Setting the Gain (Phased Array) .........................36
3.6 Operating in TCG Mode (Phased Array).............39
3.6.1 Recording the TCG Reference Points ...................... 40
3.6.2 Selecting Beam-Groups of Interest During
the TCG Recording Process ..................................... 42
3.6.3 Applying Incremental Gain to Beam Groups
During the Recording Process ................................. 42
3.6.4 Manually Imputing TCG Points ................................ 42
3.6.5 Editing TCG Points .................................................... 43
4. Conventional Operation: Menu System,
Keypad, and Displays....................................45
4.1 Supplying Power ..................................................45
4.2 Powering On and Off the Instrument ................46
4.3 Keypad and Knob Features.................................46
4.4 Home Menu and Functions ................................46
4.5 Display Screen Features (Conventional) ...........49
4.6 Initial Instrument Setup .......................................50
4.6.1 Language, Units of Measurement, Date,
and Time...................................................................... 51
4.6.2 Display Appearance .................................................. 52
4.7 Installing a Conventional Probe ........................53
4.7.1 Connecting a Conventional Probe............................ 53
 &RQJXULQJWKH,QVWUXPHQWWR0DWFKWKH
Probe Type.................................................................. 53
Page 1
Contents
4.7.3 Adjusting the Pulser Repetition Frequency (PRF).. 54
 6HOHFWLQJD5HFWLFDWLRQ0RGH ................................ 55
4.7.5 Setting the Pulser Voltage or Energy Level............. 55
4.7.6 Setting the A-Scan REJECT Level ............................ 56
4.8 Adjusting the A-Scan (Conventional).................56
4.8.1 Setting the A-Scan Range ......................................... 56
4.8.2 Setting the Display Delay .......................................... 56
4.9 Calibrating the Instrument ..................................57
4.9.1 Pre-calibration Check List......................................... 57
4.9.2 Using AUTOCAL to Calibrate the Instrument .......... 57
5. Making Conventional Measurements ............59
 &RQJXULQJWKH$DQG%*DWHV...........................59
5.1.1 Positioning Gates....................................................... 60
5.1.2 Selecting the TOF-Detection Method ....................... 61
5.1.3 Setting Gate Alarms and Outputs............................. 61
5.2 Using Angle Beam Probes and the
TRIG Menu ............................................................62
5.2.1 Setting Angle Beam Probe Characteristics ............ 62
5.2.2 Indicating Leg with Color .......................................... 63
5.3 Displaying Measured Results ............................63
5 6DYLQJWKH,QVWUXPHQW&RQJXUDWLRQ
in a Data Set..........................................................64
5.5 Locking the Gain Rotary Knob ...........................65
5.6 Setting the Gain....................................................65
5.6.1 Changing the Gain-Adjustment Increment
(dB STEP).................................................................... 65
5 6HWWLQJWKH8VHU'HQHG*DLQ6WHS
(BASIC-PRF-USER GAIN STEP)................................ 65
5.7 Freezing the A-Scan Display ...............................65
5.8 DAC/TCG...............................................................65
5.9 Using DAC ...........................................................66
5.9.1 Recording the DAC Curve.......................................... 66
5.9.2 Working with DAC ...................................................... 67
5.10 Using TCG............................................................67
5.10.1 Generating the TCG ReferenceCurve ................... 67
5.10.2 Working with TCG................................................... 67
5.11 Editing DAC Curve and TCG
Reference Points.................................................68
5.12 Deleting a DAC Curve or TCG
Reference Points.................................................68
5.13 DGS Measurement Mode....................................69
5.13.1 Specifying a Probe and Preparing to
Record the Reference Echo ................................... 69
Page 2
5HFRUGWKH5HIHUHQFH(FKRWKDW'HQHV
the DGS Curve......................................................... 70
5.13.3 Display and Adjust the DGS Curve ...................... 71
5.13.4 Evaluating Results in DGS Mode.......................... 72
5.13.5 Locks, Error Messages .......................................... 72
5.13.6 Validity of the DGS Method.................................... 72
6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports ..73
6.1 Data Set Files........................................................73
6.1.1 Creating Data Set Files .............................................. 74
6.1.2 Editing Active Files .................................................... 75
6.2 Recalling Existing Data Sets...............................75
6.3 Deleting (CLEARING) Existing Data Sets ..........75
6.4 Creating a Memo ..................................................76
6.5 Creating a Report Header ...................................76
6.6 Generating a Report.............................................76
6.7 Outputting via the RS-232 Serial Port or
Seven-Pin LEMO Connector ...............................78
7HFKQLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV.................................79
 3K\VLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV .......................................79
7.2 Phased Array / Conventional Channel
6SHFLFDWLRQV.......................................................80
7.3 Environmental Tests ............................................81
7.4 Phased Array Probes ..........................................81
8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature) ......83
8.1 Preparing for TOP View Operation .....................83
8.1.1 Setting Up the Phased Array Prior to
Displaying a TOP View............................................... 83
8.1.2 Setting Up TOP View for TIMED Operation.............. 84
8.1.3 Setting Up TOP View for ENCODED Operation ....... 85
8.2 Creating a TOP View ............................................87
8.3 Freezing the Display and Navigating Data
in TOP View...........................................................92
8.4 Storing the TOP View Data ..................................94
 8VLQJ7239LHZV(1&2'('0RGH
User Application Summary .................................94
9 Error Messages..............................................95
10 Index ...............................................................97
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

Safety Information
Before powering or operating this instrument, the
following safety information should be carefully read.
This Operating Manual should be kept in a safe place
for reference.
This instrument is to be used only for materials test-
ing in an industrial environment. Any use for medical
applications or any other purpose is not permitted!
This instrument is waterproof according to IP 54. It can
be operated with batteries or a power supply unit. The
power supply unit meets the requirements of Electrical
Safety Class II.
Batteries
For the battery operation of the instrument, we only
recommend the use of a lithium-ion battery. You
should only use the battery recommended by us for
operation of the instrument.
You can charge the lithium-ion battery within the instru-
ment itself or externally with the charger.
Important information on ultrasonic testing
Please read the following information before using your
instrument. It is important that you understand and
observe this information to avoid any operator errors
that might lead to false test results. This could result in
personal injuries or damages to property.
Preconditions for testing with ultrasonic test equip-
ment
This Operating Manual contains essential information
on how to operate your test equipment. In addition,
there are a number of factors that affect the test results.
A description of these factors is beyond the scope of
the Operating Manual. The following list mentions the
three most important conditions for safe and reliable
ultrasonic inspection:
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 .QRZOHGJHRIVSHFLDOWHFKQLFDOWHVW
requirements and limits
 &KRLFHRIDSSURSULDWHWHVWHTXLSPHQW
Operator training
The operation of an ultrasonic test device requires a
proper training in ultrasonic test methods.
Proper training comprises adequate knowledge of:
 WKHWKHRU\RIVRXQGSURSDJDWLRQ
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
Safety and Warranty Information
 WKHHIIHFWVRIVRXQGYHORFLW\LQWKHWHVW
material
 WKHEHKDYLRURIWKHVRXQGZDYHDWLQWHUIDFHV
between different materials
 WKHVKDSHRIWKHVRXQGEHDP
 WKHLQXHQFHRIVRXQGDWWHQXDWLRQLQWKHWHVW
REMHFWDQGWKHLQXHQFHRIVXUIDFHTXDOLW\RI
the test object.
Lack of such knowledge could lead to false test results
with unforeseeable consequences. You can contact
us or NDT societies or organizations in your country
(DGZfP in Germany; ASNT in the USA) for information
on opportunities for training on ultrasonic instruments
ZLWKWLPHRILJKWPHDVXUHPHQWV
Accurate measurement results require a constant
sound velocity in the test object. Steel test objects have
only slight variations in sound velocity, thus affecting
only high precision measurements. Test objects made
of other materials (e.g., nonferrous metals or plastics)
may have larger sound velocity variations, which could
adversely affect the measuring accuracy of the instru-
ment.
Effect of the test objects material
If the test objects material is not homogeneous, the
sound may propagate at different sound velocities in
different parts of the test objects. An average sound
velocity should then be taken into account for the range
calibration. This is achieved by means of a reference
block whose sound velocity corresponds to the average
sound velocity of the test object.
If substantial sound velocity variations are to be ex-
pected, then the instrument calibration should be re-
adjusted to the actual sound velocity values at shorter
time intervals. Failure to do so may lead to false thick-
ness readings.
Effect of temperature variations
The sound velocity within the test object also varies
as a function of the materials temperature. This can
cause appreciable errors in measurements if the instru-
ment has been calibrated on a cold reference block
and is then used on a warm or hot test object. Such
measurement errors can be avoided either by warming
the reference block to the same temperature before
calibrating, or by using a correction factor obtained
from tables.
Page 3
Safety and Warranty Information

Limited Warranty
For a period of two (2) years from the date of purchase,
we warrant that the instrument will be free of any claim
of ownership by third parties, (ii) when new, be free
from defects in material and workmanship and perform
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normal use and service for the applicable warranty
period following the date of sale. The second year of
this warranty is valid only if the instrument is calibrated
WRZLWKLQWKHSURYLGHGVSHFLFDWLRQVE\XVRURQHRI
RXU FHUWLHG VHUYLFH SURYLGHUV DIWHU PRQWK WZHOYH RI
ownership but before month fourteen begins.
This limited warranty shall not apply to any problems
arising from (i) failure to follow the product instructions
or failure to perform preventive maintenance, (ii) ser-
YLFHUHSDLURUPRGLFDWLRQE\VRPHRQHRWKHUWKDQXV
or one of our authorized service representatives; or (iii)
external causes, such as accident, abuse, misuse, or
problems with electrical power.
7KLVZDUUDQW\GRHVQRWFRYHUSDUWVLGHQWLHGDVZHDU
and-tear parts or lamps, transducers, tubes, acces-
sories, or optional equipment not manufactured by us,
which items may be covered by separate manufactur-
ers warranties.
Our obligation under this warranty is limited to the re-
pair or replacement of components determined by us
to be defective within the warranty period at no cost
to the original purchaser. Customer shall arrange for
delivery to us in approved packing material. This war-
ranty extends to the original purchaser and cannot be
assigned or transferred to any other party.
EXCEPT FOR THE WARRANTY SET ABOVE, WE
EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES AND
5(35(6(17$7,2162)$1<.,1':,7+5(63(&7
TO OUR PRODUCTS, WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICU-
LAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, TITLE AND
ANY WARRANTIES ARISING FROM COURSE OF
PERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING OR TRADE
USAGE.

Page 4 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays

1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays

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measurement instrument operates in either phased array
or conventional ultrasonic mode. It is capable of storing im-
ages and operating parameters in Data Sets and output-
ting reports (including A-scans, Linear, or Sector Scans)
to an SD card. This chapter of your manual will help you
become more familiar with the menus and functions of the
instrument. Closely review the material in this chapter to
make better use of the more detailed information found
throughout the rest of this manual.
After reviewing this chapter, youll be able to
 6XSSO\SRZHUWRWKHLQVWUXPHQW (Section 1.1)
 3RZHUXSWKHLQVWUXPHQW(Section 1.2)
 8QGHUVWDQGWKHIXQFWLRQRIHDFKNH\RQWKHNH\SDG
(Section 1.3)
 $FFHVVHDFKIXQFWLRQXVLQJWKHEXLOWLQPHQXV\V-
tem (Section 1.4)
 ,QWHUSUHWWKHV\PEROVWKDWPRVWRIWHQDSSHDURQWKH
display (Section 1.5)
1.1 Supplying Power
The instrument operates on a Lithium battery pack located
in the rear of its housing, or by using the power adapter
(Figure 1-1). To remove the battery compartment cover,
UVWUHPRYHWKHIRXUWKXPEVFUHZV7KHVWDQGDUGLithium
battery pack will provide maximum operating life between
charging.
NOTE: Only the dedicated GE Lithium battery pack
should be used. Only this pack can be charged while
installed in the instrument.
The approximate level of remaining battery life is visually
displayed by the . The location of this icon is shown in
Figure 1-2. When a fully charged battery pack is installed,
the icon will appear as full. As the battery life is con-
sumed, the icon will begin to empty.
NOTE: To ensure that the battery pack is fully recharged,
the battery charger must be attached to the battery pack
before it is plugged into an AC power source.

FIGURE 1-1Installation of standard Lithium battery pack. Note the location of the Power Adapter Port and Lithium
battery pack on-board charging port.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 5

1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays
NOTE: When the battery indicator is in the last quar-
ter as indicated by the symbol , charge the battery
pack as soon as possible. The instrument automati-
cally shuts off when batteries are too weak for reliable
operation. Settings are saved and restored when the
instrument is turned on again. When testing in remote
locations, always carry a spare battery pack.
NOTE: By connecting the optional Power Adapter, the
instrument can be operated using an AC power source.
This adapter is connected to the instrument though the
AC Power Adapter Port shown in Figure 1-1.
1.2 Powering On and Off the Instrument
Press to power the instrument on and off. To select
an operating mode, choose from:
Phased Array ModeAdjust all parameters related to
phased-array measurement
Conventional ModeAdjust all parameters related to
conventional ultrasonic measurement (see Chapter 4)
See Section 1.6 to set the mode in which the instrument
starts up.
FIGURE 1-2Some of the keypad and knob functions are shown here.
Page 6
1.3 Keypad and Knob Features
The instrument is designed to give the user quick ac-
cess to all of the instruments functions. Its easy-to-use
menu system allows any function to be accessed with
no more than three key presses (Figure 1-2). To access
any function:
 3UHVVRQHRIWKHVHYHQPHQXNH\V to select a
menu. The menus across the bottom of the display
will immediately be replaced with the submenus
contained in the selected menu.
 3UHVVDPHQXNH\ again to select the submenu
containing the desired function.
 8SWRIRXUIXQFWLRQVZLOOEHGLVSOD\HGLQWKHEDURQ
the left side of the display. Select the desired func-
tion, by pressing one of the four function keys .
 &KDQJHWKHYDOXHOLVWHGLQWKHIXQFWLRQER[ZLWKWKH
function knob. Some values can also be adjusted
with repeated presses of the function key.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays
<RXOODOVRQGWKHVHNH\VDQGNQREVRQWKHLQVWUXPHQW
Gain Step Key selects the amount of gain level
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Press and hold to switch between digital (dBD) and analog
(dBA) gain. Section 3.5 explains gain setting and the use
of the dB REF feature.
Mode Selector Key press to choose from Phased
Array or Conventional Ultrasonic Operating Modes
View Select Key press and hold to change the dis-
played view in phased array mode. (choose from Sector
or Linear Scan, A-Scan, or A-Scan with Sector or Linear
Scan)
Zoom Key press and hold to expand the displayed
Knob Emulator Key switches from the Home Menu
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functions using the keypad (both knobs are disabled).
Function Rotary KnobRotate to change the value
of the selected function. (See Section 3.5 to disable
this knob)
Gain Rotary KnobRotate to change the instruments
gain. (See Section 3.5 to disable this knob)
1.4 Home Menu and Functions
The menu system allows the operator to select and adjust
various features and instrument settings. It includes:
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Press again to return to normal view mode.
Home Key immediately returns the instrument to
the Home Menu shown in Figure 1-3 (Phased Array) or
Figure 4-3 (Conventional). If held for 3 seconds, automati-
cally performs a scan calculation. If pressed two times, all
IXQFWLRQVDUHGHVHOHFWHGDQGWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREFRQWUROV
the beam cursor (Section 3.3).
Freeze Key freezes and unfreezes the display. If
held for 3 seconds, automatically generates a report
or stores a dataset. (Sections 3.4 and 6.1)
Power Key turns the instrument on and off.
FIGURE 1-3These menus, submenus, and functions are accessed through the Home Menu.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
Phased Array Home MenuSeveral menus used to
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used to select pulser and receiver characteristics, position
gates, set alarms, specify operating mode and screen
appearance, adjust the A-Scan display, and control other
VLJQLFDQWPHDVXUHPHQWIHDWXUHV
NOTE: Figure 1-3 shows the instruments Home Menu
structure. The information provided in the following two
manual sections explains what each function does and
shows how to access the function through the menu
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erences that tell you where to turn in this manual for
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Page 7
1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays
The Phased Array Home Menu System consists of several
menus, submenus, and functions.
 ,IQRWGLVSOD\HGSKDVHGDUUD\PRGHLVDFWLYDWHGE\
UVWSUHVVLQJ
, then selecting PHASED ARRAY.
 $YDLODEOHmenus are accessed via the phased array
Home Menu (Figure 1-3).
 (DFKPHQXFRQWDLQVVHYHUDOsubmenus.
 0HQXVDQGVXEPHQXVDUHVHOHFWHGE\SUHVVLQJ
below the desired item.
 :KHQDVXEPHQXLVVHOHFWHGWKHIXQFWLRQVFRQ-
tained in that submenu are listed in the Function Bar
down the left-hand side of the display screen.
 )XQFWLRQVDUHWKHQVHOHFWHGE\SUHVVLQJWKH
adjacent Function Key .  9(/2&,7< Longitudinal or shear velocity of sound in the part
 7XUQLQJWKHFunction Knob, and in some cases
continuing to press , will change the value shown
in the selected functions box. Pressing and holding
will set some functions to zero.
HOME MENU
(Functions displayed whenever is pressed)
 ',*,7$/RU$1$/2**$,1Press and hold to select analog
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ting is controlled with this function. Press and hold to enter
dB REF mode. (Refer to Section 3.5)
 GATE STARTSets the beginning position of the selected gate.
Gate selected (A, B, or IF) indicated by color of functions text
(Refer to Section 2.8.1)
 GATE WIDTHSets the width of the selected gate. Gate selected
indicated by color of functions text (Refer to Section 2.8.1)
 /(* Sets the number of ultrasonic legs displayed, modifying the
displayed range (Refer to Section 2.6.1)
PROBE MENU
PRB DAT Submenu (Refer to Section 2.3.2)
 3$57180%(5Attached probes part number
 6(5,$/180%(5Attached probes serial number
 25,*,12))6(7'HQHVWKHGLVWDQFHIURPDQDUWLFLDOO\GHVLJ-
nated zero position (such as the center of a weld) to the projection
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front edge as the zero position.
PART MENU
PLAN Submenu (Refer to Section 2.4)
 9(/2&,7</ Longitudinal velocity of sound in the part under test
 9(/2&,7<6Shear (Transverse) velocity of sound in the part
under test
 0$77+,&.1(66Thickness of part under test
 0$7(5,$/Select the material being tested and the typical sound
velocities (for both longitudinal and shear waves) are automatically
entered. The correct values will be determined during calibration.
CAL Submenu (Refer to Section 2.9)
 *$7(67$57 Sets the beginning position of the selected gate
 352%('(/$< Adjusted during the calibration process to exactly
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PHQWVDQGFRUUHFWO\LQGLFDWHUHHFWRUORFDWLRQLQWKHLPDJH
under test.
 %($0&85625 Sound-path beam angle for which the calibration
process occurs.
SCAN MENU
ELECTRNC Submenu (Refer to Section 2.5)
 7<3(Identify sector or linear scan type
 )2&$/32,17Depth into the test piece at which the beam
focuses
 :$9(7<3(Identify longitudinal or shear soundwave type
SCN PATT Submenu (Refer to Section 2.5)
 $1*/(67$576HFWRUVFDQVVWDUWLQJDQJOHRU[HGDQJOHIRU
linear scan)
 $1*/(6723Sector scans ending angle
 $1*/(67(3Step size at which shots are taken between starting
and ending angles
 &$/&Causes instrument to calculate delay period between ele-
PHQWULQJ
APERATURE Submenu (Refer to Section 2.5)
 1802)67(36Number of steps taken through the elements in
the attached probe
 ),567(/(0(17Number of the physical element from which the
scan begins
 $3(5$785(6,=(1XPEHURIHOHPHQWVWREHUHGLQVFDQVWHS
PRB GEO Submenu (Refer to Section 2.3.2)
 )5(48(1&<Frequency of the attached probe
 180(/(0(176 Total number of elements in the attached probe
 3,7&+Distance between the centers of two adjacent elements
WDGE DAT Submenu (Refer to Section 2.3.3)
 3$57180%(5 Attached probe wedges part number
 6(5,$/180%(5Attached probe wedges serial number
 (/(0326Position of probes element 1 relative to wedge
WDGE GEO Submenu (Refer to Section 2.3.3)
 9(/2&,7<Velocity of sound in wedge material
LQFOXGLQJWKHUVWHOHPHQW
 $3(5$785(67(3Number of elements to step per cycle during
the scan
CLOCK Submenu (Refer to Chapter 8)
 &/2&.Set TOP View to operate in TIMED or ENCODED mode.
 6$03/(,17(59/Speed at which the display scrolls during a
TIMED TOP View or the spacing between data acquisition during
ENCODED TOP View.
 ',63/$</(1*7+Amount of viewable data (in terms of scanning
time or calculated part length) shown on the TOP View display at
one time.
 :('*()5217Distance from wedge front to probes center-  (1&2'(5'HQHVWKHRSWLRQDOHQFRGHUVRSHUDWLQJ
linewhich is indicated by a scribed line on the side of the wedge characteristic.
 2))6(7=Distance from probes center to the bottom of the SYNCH Submenu
wedge
 ',63/$<67$57Sets the displays starting position to match the
 $1*/(Angle of probe wedge Initial Pulse or IF gate trigger (for linear scans only) or the place
OFFSET Submenu where sound enters the test material (Refer to Section 2.6.3)
 352%('(/$<Adjusted during the calibration process to exactly DISPLAY MENU
VHWWKHWLPHGHOD\UHTXLUHGWRFDOLEUDWHWKHWLPHRILJKWPHDVXUH- VIEW Submenu
PHQWVDQGFRUUHFWO\LQGLFDWHUHHFWRUORFDWLRQLQWKHLPDJH
 9,(:02'(Select standard phased array or optional TOP View
(Chapter 8) display

Page 8 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays

 $1*&255(&7('Select uncorrected or angle corrected sector  72)02'(,QGLFDWHVZKHWKHUWKHWULJJHULQJHFKRVDQNRU

scan (Refer to Section 2.3.2) peak is used when making sound-path measurements. (Refer to
 $6&$102'(BUD (beam ultrasonic depth) setting causes the Section 2.8.2)
$6FDQLIGLVSOD\HGWREHVFDOHGWRWKHGHSWKRIDQ\UHHFWRULQWKH  /2*,&Determines whether the gate alarm is triggered when a
selected beam (Refer to Section 3.33($.VHWWLQJLVRQO\DYDLODEOH
with the optional TOP View (Chapter 8)
 '$7$6285&(Selects amplitude or TOF data to appear in the
optional TOP View (Chapter 8)
IMAGE Submenu (Refer to Section 2.2)
 $03&2/253$/(7Adjusts the range of colors used to depict
the measured amplitude
 72)&2/253$/(7Adjusts the range of colors used to depict
WKHWLPHRILJKW7239LHZRQO\ Chapter 8)
 1(:'$7$Indicate where newest data appears on screen as
its added during scrolling (TOP View only, Chapter 8)
 9,'(25(9(56(Reverses sector or linear scans orientation
BACKGRND Submenu
 &2/25Changes the background and border colors of the display
(Refer to Section 2.2)
 &2/25/(*Displays leg lines on Sector or Linear Scans to indi-
FDWHLQZKLFKOHJDUHHFWRULVORFDWHG5HIHUWR Section 2.6.1)
 ,0$*(%$&.*51'Sets the displays background color
 $6&$1&2/25Adjusts the color of the A-Scan (Section 2.2)
RESULTS1 Submenu (Refer to Section 3.2)
 5($',1*7+528*+5($',1*Selects the measurement
displayed in each of the four small Reading Boxes.
RESULTS2 Submenu
 /$5*(5($',1*Select the contents for display in the Large
Reading Box. (Refer to Section 3.2)
 77/,GHQWLHVLQZKLFKJDWHDQHYHQWWULJJHUV77/DQGLOOXPL-
nates the Warning Light. (Refer to Section 2.8.5)
 *$7(6+$3(Limits A- or B-Gate functionality to detect only
those triggers that appear on the display or allows the gates to
GHWHFWDOOWULJJHUVWKDWIDOOZLWKLQWKHVSHFLHGWHVWPDWHULDOUDQJH
(Refer to Section 2.8.4)
UT MENU
BASE Submenu
 ',63/$<67$57Sets the displays starting position to match the
Initial Pulse or IF gate trigger (for linear scans) or the point at which
sound enters the test materials surface (all scans) (Refer to
Section 2.6.3)
 ',63/$<'(/$<Shifts the Scan viewing window to ignore or
display initial material thickness (Refer to Section 2.6.2)
 0$7(5,$/Selects the material being tested. Choose designa-
tions with T (transverse) for angle beam probes. Sets velocity to
YDOXHWKDWDSSUR[LPDWHO\PDWFKHVPDWHULDOVSHFLHG5HIHUWR
Section 2.4)
 /(*Sets the number of ultrasonic legs displayed, modifying the
displayed range (range factor). (Refer to Section 2.6.1)
PULSER Submenu (Refer to Section 2.7)
 92/7$*(Sets pulser voltage level
 WIDTHSets width of square pulse
 35)9$/8(Displays and/or allows adjustment of the Pulse Rep-
etition Frequency.
RECEIVER Submenu (Refer to Section 2.7)
 )5(48(1&<6HOHFWVWKHIUHTXHQF\OWHURIWKHLQVWUXPHQW
 $6&$15(&7,)<6HOHFWVWKHUHFWLFDWLRQPRGHZKLFKHIIHFWVKRZ
the A-Scan appears on the display.
GATEMODE Submenu
 *$7(6(/(&7Select A, B, or IF gates (Refer to Section 2.8)
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
signal crosses the gate or does not cross the gate. (Refer to
Section 2.8.3)
 *$7(',63/$<Shows or hides selected gate. Gate continues to
function, even when hidden.
GATE POS Submenu (Refer to Section 2.8.1)
 *$7(6(/(&7Select from A, B, or IF gates
 *$7(67$57Sets the beginning position of the selected gate.
 *$7(:,'7+Sets the width of the selected gate.
 *$7(7+5(6+2/'Sets the height of the selected gate as a
percentage of full-screen A-Scan height.
NRM/TCG Submenu (Refer to Section 3.6)
 7&*Turns on or off the effect of TCG
 7&*',63/$<7XUQVRQRURIIWKHGLVSOD\HG7&*DPSOLHUFXUYH
 &<&*$,1&17/8VHGGXULQJ7&*UHFRUGLQJ$SSOLHVGHQHG
gain slope across the entire range of cycles.
TCG EDIT Submenu (Refer to Section 3.6)
 %($0&85625Select the beam to be edited
 32,17Alter an existing point or create a new one
 32,17326Input or modify the time-based position of a TCG
point
 32,17*$,1Input or modify the applied gain of a TCG point
FILES Menu
FILENAME Submenu (Refer to Sections 6.1 and 6.6)
 ),/(1$0(6HOHFWVWRUHGOHVRULQSXWQHZGDWDVHWRUUHSRUW
name.
 6285&('(67Indicates the device to or from which data is sent.
 $&7,215HFDOOVRUGHOHWHVWKHVHOHFWHGOHDQGVDYHVHGLWVWR
data sets and reports.
 (17(5&DXVHVVSHFLHG$&7,21WRRFFXU
HEADER Submenu (Refer to Section 6.5)
 +($'(5180%(5Selects the Header Line to edit.
 (',7Set to YES to allow editing of the selected Header Line.
 +'5,15(3257Determines if the header will be included in the
generated report.
MEMO Submenu (Refer to Section 6.4)
 (',7Allows editing / creation of the Memo.
 0(02,15(3257Determines if the memo will be included in the
generated report.
REPORT Submenu (Refer to Section 6.6)
 IMAGE IN REPORTDetermines if the displayed Scan(s) will be
included in the generated report.
 PARAM IN REPORTDetermines if instrument settings will be
listed in the generated report.
CONFIG Menu
REGIONAL Submenu (Refer to Section 2.1)
 /$1*8$*(Sets the language displayed on the instruments
screen
 81,76Sets displayed units to inch or millimeters
 '(&,0$/Select a period or comma for use as a decimal point.
 '$7()250$7How the date and time are displayed
STARTUP Submenu
 67$578302'(Indicates if instrument is to start in the last
active mode or at the Welcome Screen (Refer to Section 4.3)
 %5,*+71(66Adjusts the displays brightness (refer to
Section 2.2)
 '$7(Sets the displayed date (Refer to Section 2.1)
 7,0(Sets the displayed time (Refer to Section 2.1)
Page 9
1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays

1.5 Display Screen Features (Phased

Array)
The instruments display screen is designed to be easy
to interpret. In Figure 1-4 \RXOO QG DQ H[DPSOH RI D
GLVSOD\ FRQJXUDWLRQ 7KLV VSHFLF GLVSOD\ LQFOXGHV DQ
active A-Scan and Sector Scan combination, the FILES
PHQXEDUDQG),/(1$0(VXEPHQX5HIHUWRWKLVJXUH
for an explanation of those screen features youll most
often encounter. Pressing and holding allows you to
modify the displayed view to include A-Scans, Sector or
Linear Scans, or a combination of these.

'HQLWLRQRI'LVSOD\,FRQV

There are several graphical features (icons) which appear

in the display screens for various reasons. Figure 1-5
includes several of these icons along with an explanation
RIWKHLUVLJQLFDQFH FIGURE 1-5These icons appear on the display at
various times.

FIGURE 1-4Combined A-Scan and Sector Scan views are shown here. Note that alternative views (showing either A
or Sector or Linear Scans) are available when operating in Phased Array mode.

Page 10 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays

1.6 Startup Mode

Each time the instrument is powered on, the WELCOME
screen is displayed. This screen allows the user to select
PHASED ARRAY or CONVENTINAL mode. Alternatively,
WKHLQVWUXPHQWFDQEHFRQJXUHGWRDXWRPDWLFDOO\VWDUW
in the previously active mode. To set the START UP
mode:
Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (Located in
the CONFIG MENU) by pressing below it. Selections
will appear down the left side of the display.
Step 2: Press next to STARTUP MODE to select
one of the following:
WELCOME Display allows the user to select
PHASED ARRAY or CONVENTIONAL operation
each time the instrument is powered on.
LAST Instrument automatically powers on in the
mode that was last active.
At any time, the operating mode can be changed by press-
ing to access the WELCOME screen.

1.7 SoftZDUH8SGDWHV
If software updating is required, the instruments up-
dated software can be downloaded from our website:
www.GEInspectionTechnologies.com

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 11

1. Phased Array OperationKeypad, Menus, and Displays

Page 12 PHASOR XS Operating Manual


6HWWLQJ8SIRU3KDVHG$UUD\0HDVXUHPHQW
,QWKLVSDUWRIWKHPDQXDO\RXOOOHDUQKRZWRFRQJXUHWKH
instruments display and operating features in preparation
for operating in Phased Array Mode. Because the instru-
ment settings can be stored in a data set (Section 6.1)
and restored at any time, you wont have to repeat most
of these adjustments. Instead, create a data set to match
any probe/wedge (and -- if applicable part) combination
you anticipate reusing at a later time.
After reading this chapter, youll be able to:
 6HOHFWWKHGLVSOD\HGODQJXDJHDQGXQLWVRI
measurement (Section 2.1)
 6HWWKHGDWHDQGWLPHSection 2.1)
 $GMXVWWKHGLVSOD\VFRORUDQGEULJKWQHVV
(Section 2.2)
 &RQQHFWD3KDVHG$UUD\3UREHSection 2.3.1)
 &RQJXUHWKHLQVWUXPHQWWRPDWFKWKHDWWDFKHG
phased array probe (Section 2.3.2)
 &RQJXUHWKHLQVWUXPHQWWRPDWFKWKHDWWDFKHG
wedge (Section 2.3.3)
 ,QSXWPDWHULDOSURSHUWLHVDQGWKLFNQHVVRIWKHSDUW
being tested (Section 2.4)
 6SHFLI\VFDQSDUDPHWHUVWRFRQWUROWKHJHRPHWU\
and direction of the scan (Section 2.5)
 $GMXVWWKHGLVSOD\VUDQJHDQGVWDUWLQJSRLQWXVLQJ
ultrasonic parameters (Section 2.6)
 &RQJXUHXOWUDVRQLFSDUDPHWHUVHWWLQJVUHODWHGWR
the Pulser and Receiver (Section 2.7)
 $GMXVWJDWHSRVLWLRQWULJJHULQJORJLFVKDSHDQG
alarm indication light (Section 2.8)
 &DOLEUDWHWKHLQVWUXPHQWSUREHWHVWSLHFHFRPELQD-
tion to determine actual PROBE DELAY and
MATERIAL VELOCITY values (Section 2.9)
Turn on the instrument by pressing
. Press to select
Phased Array Mode, if required. The Phased Array Home
Menu (see Figure 1-3 for this menus complete structure)
will be activated.
 /
 DQJXDJH8QLWVRI0HDVXUHPHQW
Date, and Time
Use the procedures below to adjust the unit of measure-
ment, the date, the time, and the language that appears
on the instruments display screens and data output.
These adjustments will require access to the REGIONAL
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
and STARTUP Submenus. These are accessed from the
CONFIG Menu.
NOTE: Once set, the internal clock will maintain the
current date and time.
Setting the Units of Measurement (CONFIG-
REGIONAL-UNITS)
Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL Submenu (located in the
CONFIG Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled UNITS. Youll
note that the following options are available:
 MMdefault setting displays values in millimeters
 INCHdisplays values in inches
Step 3: To change the units of measurement, continue
pressing or turn the function knob.
Step 4: The unit of measurement will be set to the choice
last displayed.
Setting the Operating Language (CONFIG-
REGIONAL-LANGUAGE)
Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL Submenu (located in the
CONFIG Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled LANGUAGE.
To change the selected language, continue pressing
or turn the function knob. Youll note that the options avail-
able are English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Japa-
nese and Chinese. The default language is English.
Step 3: The display-screen and report language will be
set to the choice last selected.
Setting the Date and Time Formats (CONFIG-
REGIONAL-DATE FORMAT)
Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL Submenu (located in the
CONFIG Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DATE FOR-
MAT. To change the selected format, continue pressing
or turn the function knob. Choose from the following
date and time formats:
Y-M-D (12 or 24 hour time format)
M/D/Y (12 or 24 hour time format)
D.M.Y (12 or 24 hour time format)
Page 13
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
Step 3: The date and time formats shown on the display-
screen and in outputted reports will be set to the choice
last selected.
Setting the Date (CONFIG-STARTUP-DATE)
Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (located in the
CONFIG Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DATE.
The date is displayed in the user-selected format. Note
that the first time you press , the day character
is highlighted. The next time you press , the
month character is highlighted. Finally, pressing
again will cause the year character to be highlighted.
Step 3: To change the month, days, or year, turn the
function knob while the desired character is highlighted.
Step 4: When complete, press one more time. The
current date will be set to the date displayed.
Setting the Time (STARTUP-CONFIG-TIME)
Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (located in the
CONFIG Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled TIME. Time
LVGLVSOD\HGLQKRXUIRUPDW1RWHWKDWWKHUVWWLPH\RX
press , the hours character is highlighted. The next time
you press , the minutes character is highlighted.
FIGURE 2-1The Display Menu allows the user to adjust most of the instruments display and measured results
when operating in Phased Array mode. Note that alterinJWKHYDOXHRIIXQFWLRQVLGHQWLHGZLWK&$/&ZLOOUHTXLUHD
recalculation of delay laws. Also note that functions marked with * are available only when the TOP View option is
installed (Chapter 8).
Page 14
Step 3: To change the hours or minutes setting, turn the
function knob while the desired character is highlighted.
Step 4: When complete, press one more time. The
current time will be set to the time displayed.
2.2 Display Appearance
Use the procedures in this section to adjust display ap-
pearance. The adjustments will require access to the
DISPLAY Menu (shown in Figure 2-1).
Setting the Image Color, Brightness, and
Orientation (DISPLAY-IMAGE or -BACKGRND)
The color of displayed images (A-Scan and/or Linear or
Sector Scans) can be altered using the IMAGE Submenu.
This submenu also allows the user to change the orien-
tation of the displayed image (shifting the sector origin
from the left to the right side of the display or the A-Scan
starting point from top to bottom, for instance). Similarly,
the %$&.*51'6XEPHQXDOORZVWKHXVHUWRFKDQJHWKH
color of the displays background and reading boxes. It
also changes the displays brightness.
Step 1: Activate the IMAGE submenu (located in the
DISPLAY Menu) by pressing . Functions will appear
down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to one of the following functions:
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

AMP COLOR PALETSelect the colors used to
represent ranges of amplitude values when sector
or linear scans are displayed.
VIDEO REVERSEReverse the orientation of Dis-
played Sector Scans (left to right) and Linear Scans.
Step 3: Press under %$&.*51' Submenu, then
press next to one of the following functions:
COLORSelect the displays color scheme, which
is applied to the reading boxes.
COLOR LEGTurn the displayed leg lines ON or
OFF
 ,0$*(%$&.*51'6HWVWKHEDFNJURXQGFRORU
displayed around the sector scan.
ASCAN COLORSelect the A-Scans color
Step 4: To change the value of the select function,
continue pressing the corresponding or turning the
function knob.
Step 5: Press under STARTUP (located in the
CONFIG menu), then press next to BRIGHTNESS.
Press RU WXUQ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE WR VHOHFW VHWWLQJV
from 1 to 10.
Step 6: The selected function will remain at the
value last displayed.
FIGURE 2-2Phased Array Probe Attachment
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
2.3 Installing a Phased Array Probe
NOTE: Modifying certain settings related to probe or
VFDQ FRQJXUDWLRQ ZLOO UHTXLUH D UHFDOFXODWLRQ RI WKH
delay laws. When such a change is made, the modi-
HGIXQFWLRQZLOOWXUQUHGLQGLFDWLQJWKDWWKHHIIHFWRI
this change will not take affect until the new delay-law
calculation is carried out. To command a calculation,
press and hold for three seconds or access the
SCAN PATT Submenu and press next to the CALC
Function.
2.3.1 Connecting a Probe
When connecting a probe to the instrument, its not only
important that the probes physical connection be properly
PDGHEXWWKDWWKHLQVWUXPHQWLVSURSHUO\FRQJXUHGWR
work with the installed probe. To install a phased array
probe, connect it to the front of the instrument. Be sure
to install it with the probe cable facing up and to operate
the probe-release lever as shown in Figure 2-2.
Page 15
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
&RQJXULQJWKH,QVWUXPHQWIRUD
Phased Array Probe
When a phased array probe is connected, various in-
strument settings must be input to match the probe and
(if so equipped) its attached wedge. Data related to a
probe is printed on its body and connector. Probe-related
functions are accessed via the PROBE Menu shown in
Figure 2-3. These settings must be adjusted each time
a different phased array probe is installed. Note that all
SUREHUHODWHGVHWWLQJVFDQEHVWRUHGLQDGDWDVHWOHDV
described in Chapter 6.
NOTE: Probe and wedge geometry, scan parameters,
DQGXVHULQSXWWHGRIIVHWYDOXHVLQXHQFHWKHGLVSOD\HG
image.
Inputting Probe Part and Serial Number (PROBE-
PRB DAT-PART or SERIAL NUMBER)
Step 1: Activate the PRB DAT Submenu (located in the
PROBE Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to one of the selections (PART
NUMBER or SERIAL NUMBER) two times.
Step 3: To change the active digit of the part or serial
number (to match the value printed on the side of the
SERIAL NUMBER entering process.
'HQLQJWKH3UREH*HRPHWU\352%(PRB GEO-
FREQUENCY or NUM ELEMENTS or PITCH)
Step 1: Activate the PRB GEO Submenu (located in the
PROBE Menu) by pressing below it. Selections will
appear down the left side of the display.
Step 2: Press next to one of the selections (FRE-
QUENCY or NUM ELEMENTS or PITCH).
Step 3: To change the displayed value (to match that
printed on the probe), continue pressing or turning
the function knob. Youll note that the following settings
are available:
FREQUENCY 0.5 to 10 MHz
NUMBER of ELEMENTS 1 to 64
PITCH distance between the centers of two
adjacent elements (approximately 0.010 to 0.197
inches or 0.25 to 5 mm)
Step 4: The selected parameter will be set to the value
last displayed. Recalculation of delay laws is required.
Setting the Probe Delay (PROBE-OFFSET-PROBE
DELAY)
The Probe Delay Setting represents the time delay caused
SUREHFRQQHFWRUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE7RPDNHWKH y sound-wave travel through a probes wearplate, mem-
QH[WGLJLWDFWLYHWXUQWKH*DLQ.QRE brane, delay line, or wedge. The Probe Delay value is set
Step 4: Press again to complete the PART or as part of the Calibration process (section 2.9). To adjust
the probe delay:

),*85(7KH352%(0HQXDOORZVWKHXVHUWRLQSXWVHWWLQJVUHODWHGWRSUREHDQGZHGJHFRQJXUDWLRQ'HOD\ODZ
recaOFXODWLRQLVUHTXLUHGZKHQWKRVHIXQFWLRQVLQGLFDWHGhere with CALC arePRGLHG

Page 16 PHASOR XS Operating Manual


Step 1: Activate the OFFSET Submenu (Located in the
PROBE MENU) by pressing below it. Selections will
appear down the left side of the display.
Step 2: Press next to PROBE DELAY.
Step 3: 7XUQ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE WR DGMXVW WKH 352%(
DELAY setting.
2.3.3 InpuWWLQJ:HGJH5HODWHG
Information
If the connected phased array probe is equipped with a
wedge, wedge-related settings must be input by accessing
the PROBE Menu (Figure 2-3). These settings must be
adjusted each time a different wedge is connected. Most
of the wedge-related data is printed on its surface. Note
that all wedge-related settings can be stored in a data set
OHDVGHVFULEHGLQSection 6.1.
Inputting Wedge Part and Serial Number
(PROBE-WDGE DAT-PART or SERIAL NUMBER)
Step 1: Activate the WDGE DAT Submenu (located in
the PROBE Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to one of the selections (PART
NUMBER or SERIAL NUMBER) two times. The cursor
ZLOOLOOXPLQDWHLQWKHUVWGLJLWVSDFH
Step 3: To change the value of the active digit of the part
or serial number (to match the value printed on the side
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
The orientation of probe elements with respect to the
wedge is displayed on the next page.
'HQLQJWKH:HGJH*HRPHWU\352%(WDGE
GEO-VELOCITY or OFFSET Z or ANGLE)
Step 1: Activate the WDGE GEO Submenu (located in
the PROBE Menu) by pressing below it. Selections
will appear down the left side of the display.
Step 2: Press next to one of the selections
(VELOCITY or OFFSET Z or ANGLE).
Step 3: To change the displayed value (to match that
printed on the wedge), continue pressing or turning
the function knob. Youll note that the following settings
are available (Figure 2-4):
VELOCITY Input in/microseconds to match the
velocity of sound through the wedge material
OFFSET Z Input inches / mm (must be set to 0
when no wedge is installed) to equal the user-mea-
sured dimension from the wedge surface in contact
with the test piece to the Probe Index Point.
ANGLE 0.0 to 90 degrees to match the user-mea-
sured wedge angle.
Step 4: The selected parameter will be set to the value
last displayed. Recalculation of delay laws is required.
RIWKHSUREHFRQQHFWRUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE7RPDNH
WKHQH[WGLJLWDFWLYHWXUQWKH*DLQ.QRE
Step 4: Press again to complete the PART or
SERIAL NUMBER entering process.

),*85(:HGJH*HRPHWU\LVGHQHGKHUH0DQXDOO\PHDVXUHWKHGLVWDQFHIURPWKH3UREH,QGH[3RLQWWRWKHIURQW
RIWKHZHGJHWRnd the WE'*()5217YDOXH<RXPXVWGHWHUPLQHWKLVYDOXHZKHQHYHU25,*,12))6(7WHFKQLTXHV
are used.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 17

2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
Determining and Inputting the 3UREH,QGH[3RLQW
to Wedge-Front-Edge Distance (PROBE-WDGE
GEO-WEDGE FRONT)
Wedge front is the horizontal distance from the center of
the probe to the front of the wedge. This value must be de-
termined and input before inputting the ORIGIN OFFSET
(see next section), which allows the instruments display
to compensate when a probe is offset (by a guide ring, for
dimension before setting ORIGIN OFFSET.
Step 1: Activate the OFFSET Submenu (located in the
PROBE Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Manually measure the distance that the front of
the wedge is offset from the target.
Step 3: Press next to the selection ORIGIN OFF-
SET.
LQVWDQFHD[HGGLVWDQFHIURPWKHLQVSHFWLRQWDUJHW
Step 1: Activate the RESULTS1 Submenu in the DIS-
PLAY Menu as set one of the READING values to PA as
described in Section 3.2.
NOTE: Gates must be on.
Step 2: Activate the WDGE GEO Submenu (located in
the PROBE Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 3: &RXSOH WR D EORFN ZLWK D NQRZQ UHHFWRU DV
shown in Figure 2-4). Move the probe until the probe-
ZHGJHIURQWLVDOLJQHGRYHUWKHUHHFWRUDQGWKHUHHFWRU
is detected). Observe the displayed value of PA.
Step 4: Press next to the selection WEDGE FRONT.
Step 5: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREXQWLOWKHGLVSOD\HGYDOXH
of PA reads zero.
Step 6:5HSHDWWKLVSURFHVVWRFRQUPWKDWWKHGLVSOD\HG
value of PA equals zero when the front edge of the probe
ZHGJH LV DOLJQHG ZLWK WKH NQRZQ UHHFWRU &RQWLQXH WR
adjust the WEDGE FRONT value if required.
NOTE: The WEDGE FRONT (WF) and ORIGIN OFF-
SET (OO) settings directly effect the frame of reference
from which all projection RESULTS (such as PA) are
measured. When a value of 0 is input for both WF and
OO, all projection results are measured with respect to
the probe index point (PIP). When 0 is input for OO and
a numerical value for WF, all projection measurements
are with respect to the wedge front. When numerical
values are input for both WF and OO, all projection
UHVXOWVDUHPHDVXUHGZLWKUHVSHFWWRWKHXVHUGHQHG
origin.
Inputting Probe/Wedge Offset Distance (PROBE-
OFFSET-ORIGIN OFFSET)
When an installation calls for a probe/wedge assembly to
EHRIIVHWD[HGGLVWDQFHIURPDQLQVSHFWLRQWDUJHWWKH
value of the offset (which is typically equal to the width
of an installed guide ring) must be manually measured
and input. This allows the instrument to compensate for
the offset and adjust the display accordingly (Figure 2-4).
Be sure to also measure and input the WEDGE FRONT
Page 18
Step 4: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREXQWLOWKHGLVSOD\HGYDOXH
matches the manually measured dimension.
Step 5: The value will be set to the last one displayed.
'HQLQJWKH3UREH(OHPHQW2ULHQWDWLRQZLWK
Respect to the Wedge (PROBE-WDGE DAT-ELEM
1 POS)
Markings on the probe body will indicate the location of
element 1 and the direction in which additional elements
are arranged. The orientation of the probes elements,
ZLWKUHVSHFWWRWKHZHGJHVJHRPHWU\LVGHQHGXVLQJ
the ELEM 1 POS function. See Figures 2-5 and 2-6.
Step 1: Activate the WDGE DAT Submenu (located in
the PROBE Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to the selection ELEM 1 POS.
Step 3: Continue to press RUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
to select one of the following:
LOW END -- The position of Element 1 is indicated
on the probe body at a location corresponding to the
low (thinnest) side of the wedge. Remaining ele-
ments are arranged towards the high (thickest) side
of the wedge. (Figure 2-5)
HIGH END -- The position of Element 1 is indicated
on the probe body at a location corresponding to the
high (thickest) side of the wedge. Remaining ele-
ments are arranged towards the low (thinnest) side
of the wedge. (Figure 2-6)
Step 4: 3UREHHOHPHQWRULHQWDWLRQZLOOEHGHQHGDVODVW
displayed. Recalculation of delay laws is required.
2.4 Inputting 7HVW3LHFH3URSHUWLHV
To correctly determine the physical location at which a re-
HFWRURFFXUVWKHWHVWSLHFHVWKLFNQHVVDQGPDWHULDOW\SH
(indicating shear and longitudinal velocities of sound in the
test piece) must be input. These parameters directly affect
the displayed range and the calculated trig values.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement

),*85((/(0326VHWWLQJLGHQWLHVWKHORFDWLRQRIWKHSUREHVUVWHOHPHQWDQGGHVFULEHVWKHGLUHFWLRQ
LQZKLFKUHPDLQLQJHOHPHQWVDUHDUUDQJHG,QWKLVFDVHWKHUVWHOHPHQWLVORFDWHGDWWKHHGJHRIWKHSUREHWKDW
corresponds to the LOW (thin) side of the wedge with additional elements arranged towards the high (thick) side of the
wedge.

),*85((/(0326VHWWLQJLGHQWLHVWKHORFDWLRQRIWKHSUREHVUVWHOHPHQWDQGGHVFULEHVWKHGLUHFWLRQ
LQZKLFKUHPDLQLQJHOHPHQWVDUHDUUDQJHG,QWKLVFDVHWKHUVWHOHPHQWLVORFDWHGDWWKHHGJHRIWKHSUREHWKDW
corresponds to the HIGH (thick) side of the wedge with additional elements arranged towards the low (thin) side of the
wedge.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 19

2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
Inputting Part Thickness (PART-PLAN-MAT
THICKNESS)
Step 1: Activate the PLAN Submenu (located in the PART
Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to the selection 0$7 7+,&.-
NESS.
Step 3: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRFKDQJHWKHWKLFNQHVV
to match the part under test.
Step 4: The inputted thickness will be set to the last value
displayed.
Specifying Part Material Type (PART-PLAN-
MATERIAL)
Step 1: Activate the PLAN Submenu (located in the PART
Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to the selection MATERIAL.
Step 3: 7XUQ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE RU FRQWLQXH WR SUHVV
until the material type listed matches the part under
test.
Step 4: The longitudinal and shear acoustic velocities will
be set to the average value of the material type displayed.
Note that the displayed values are only an approximate
DQGVKRXOGEHQHWXQHGWRPRUHFORVHO\PDWFKWKHDF-
tual velocities of sound through the material under test.
Changes to VELOCITY L or VELOCITY S will require
recalculation of delay laws.
'HQLQJWKH6SHHGRI6RXQGLQWKH7HVW3DUW
(Longitudinal and Shear Velocity) (PART-PLAN-
VELOCITY L or VELOCITY S)
Step 1: Activate the PLAN Submenu (located in the PART
Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to either the VELOCITY L or the
VELOCITY S selection.
Step 3: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREXQWLOWKHYHORFLW\OLVWHG
matches the speed of sound in the part under test.
Step 4: The longitudinal and transverse acoustic veloci-
ties will be set to the value last displayed. Changes to
VELOCITY L or VELOCITY S will require recalculation
of delay laws.
 'HQing the Scan Parameters
NOTE: Modifying certain settings related to probe or
VFDQ FRQJXUDWLRQ ZLOO UHTXLUH D UHFDOFXODWLRQ RI WKH
delay laws. When such a change is made, the modi-
HGIXQFWLRQZLOOWXUQUHGLQGLFDWLQJWKDWWKHHIIHFWRI
this change will not take affect until the new delay-law
calculation is carried out. To command a calculation,
press and hold for three seconds or access the
SCAN PATT submenu and press next to the CALC
Function.
Page 20
When operating in Phased Array mode, the sequence
DQGSDWWHUQDWZKLFKWKHSUREHVHOHPHQWVUHDUHGHQHG
by the scan parameters (SCAN Menu). This section de-
scribes the process for setting these parameters and the
effect of their settings on the instruments function. The
following scan parameters are represented graphically
in Figures 2-7 and 2-8 and described in greater detail
below:
/,1($56&$17<3(&RQWUROOHGULQJRIPXOWLSOH
elements at a constant angle (Figure 2-7)
6(&7256&$17<3( Constant-sized groups of
elements (said to represent a constant aperture)
DUHUHGDWYDU\LQJDQJOHVFigure 2-8)
)2&$/32,17 Depth into the part at which the
phased array focuses. This depth represents an
area of interest. It can be set to UNFOCUSED (by
holding for approximately three seconds) for typi-
cal phased-array applications (Figure 2-9).
NOTE: Focal points are valid within the natural
QHDUHOG length N of the selected aperture where:
N = D2efff for circular transducers
4c
N = 1.3 a2f for square transducers
4c
Deff = effective transducer diameter
a = side length of the transducer
f = resonance frequency of the transducer
c = sound velocity in the test object
:$9(7<3( Indicates whether the user-input
transverse or longitudinal speed of sound should be
used. The setting selected will depend on the probe
type or the type of wave created by refraction when
using a wedge.
SCAN PATTERN Start, stop, and step angles that
GHQHWKHLQFUHPHQWDODQJXODUFKDQJHIROORZHGGXU-
ing a sector scan. When performing a linear scan,
the scanning angle remains constant at the value
GHQHGE\ANGLE START.
NOTE: A +/-- Sector can be created by setting the
sector scans START ANGLE to a negative value
and the scans END ANGLE to a positive value.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement

FIGURE 2-7Linear Scan Parameters

FIGURE 2-8Sector Scan Parameters

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 21

2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
FIGURE 2-9Sector Focal Point
$3(5785( During a sector scan, these parame-
WHUVGHQHWKHUVWHOHPHQWWREHUHGDQGWKHQXP-
EHURIDGGLWLRQDOHOHPHQWVWRUHDWHDFKDQJXODU
setting (or STEP). When performing a linear scan,
WKHUVWHOHPHQWWREHUHGDQGQXPEHURIDGGLWLRQDO
HOHPHQWVLQWKDW67(3DUHGHQHGDVZHOODVWKH
total number of steps.
$1*8/$5&255(&7('9,(: Adjusts the
display to match the actual shape of the material
inspected during the sector scan.
 '
 HQLQJWKH8OWUDVRQLF
Characteristics of the Displayed Scan
 /EG Setting to Control the Scan
Range
7KHGLVSOD\HGVHFWRURUOLQHDUVFDQUHSUHVHQWVWKHUHHF-
tion of sound off various features in the test piece. The
display range (distance traveled by the sound beam in the
test piece) is altered by adjusting the LEG setting. The ef-
fect of this adjustment is to show fewer (or additional) legs
as shown in Figure 2-10. To modify the LEG setting,
Step 1: Make sure the COLOR LEG function (DISPLAY
Step 3: Turning the function knob will change the value
of LEG and reduce or expand the sound-path length dis-
played on the screen. If COLOR LEG is set to ON, youll
also notice the addition or removal of leg lines as the LEG
setting changes.
2.6.2 Setting the Display Delay
The DISPLAY DELAY function shifts the displayed scan
to ignore (or show) a portion of the scan. This function is
used to set the Instruments viewing window. To set the
display delay
Step 1: Activate the BASE Submenu (located in the UT
Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to the function titled DISPLAY
D E L AY. C h a n g e t h e v a l u e o f t h e d e l a y b y
WXUQLQJ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE WKHQ SUHVV DQG KROG
for three seconds to recalculate the delay laws.
Youll note that the displayed Sector, Linear, or A-Scan
shifts in response to the setting change.
 'HQLQJWKH'LVSOD\V6WDUWLQJ
Point
The DISPLAY START Function sets the displays start-
0HQX%$&.*51'6XEPHQXLVVHWWR217KLVFDXVHV
ing point to match the initial pulse or IF-Gate trigger (for
the leg lines shown in Figure 2-10 to be displayed but is
linear scans only) or the position at which sound enters
not otherwise required to use the LEG feature.
the test material. To select a display starting position
Step 2: Press to activate the HOME Menu. Then (Figure 2-11):
press next to the selection titled LEG.

Page 22 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement

),*85(&KDQJLQJWKHQXPEHURIGLVSOD\HG/(*VPRGLHVWKHGLVSOD\HGVRXQGSDWKUDQJH,QWKLVFDVH
DSSUR[LPDWHO\OHJVDUHGLVSOD\HGKHUH

Step 1: Activate the BASE Submenu (located in the UT 2.7 Pulser and Receiver Settings for
Menu) by pressing below it. Function can also be ac- Phased Array Operation
cessed via the SYNCH Submenu located in the SCAN
Menu.
Step 2: Press next to the function titled DISPLAY
2.7.1 Setting the 3XOVHU9ROWDJH/HYHO
START. Continue pressing RUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE 8738/6(592/7$*(
to select from:
7KHUHODWLYHHQHUJ\ZLWKZKLFKWKHSXOVHUUHVLVDGMXVWHG
IP STARTDisplay start corresponds to the initial by changing the VOLTAGE setting. To set the pulser volt-
pulse age level:
IF STARTDisplay start corresponds to the IF-Gate
Step 1: Activate the PULSER Submenu (located in the
trigger
UT Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will appear
MATERIALDisplay start corresponds to the posi- down the left side of the display screen.
tion at which sound enters the test material
Step 2: Press next to the function titled VOLTAGE.
NOTE: To select a DISPLAY START other than MATE- Note that the pulser VOLTAGE level can be set between
RIAL, the IF Gate must be turned ON. Initial IF Gate DQGYROWVE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
positioning is related to the Z parameter, which must
Step 3: The pulser VOLTAGE will be set to the value
not be set to zero (accessed via the WEDGE GEO Sub-
last displayed.
menu, found in the PROBE Menu). The Z parameter
relates to the measured distance from the probe to the
test piece through the delay material. The IF Gate is
initially positioned based on this value. Switching on
the IF Gate activates the IF condition that controls the
A- and B-Gate starting point.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 23

2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement

FIGURE 2-11The DISPLAY START value can be set to IP, IF, or MATERIAL. When the IF Gate is turned on, the A-
and B-Gate starting points are based on the IF-Gate triggering echo. Note that both IF and IP DISPLAY START modes
DFFRPPRGDWHYDULDWLRQVLQWKHLQLWLDOSXOVHWRLQWHUIDFHGLVWDQFHZKLOHWKH0$7(5,$/VHWWLQJDVVXPHVD[HGGLVWDQFH
from the initial pulse to the test-piece interface.

2.7.2 Selecting the Pulser Width Step 2: Press next to he function titled FREQUENCY.
 8738/6(5:,'7+ Change the value of the receiver frequency by continuing
to press RUE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE<RXOOQRWH
The pulser width generally varies from 40 to 1000 nano- that the following frequency settings are available:
seconds. A recommended starting point from which the  0+]Select as required
width setting can be adjusted is found by the following
equation:  /2:3$660+]Select to utilize a built-in low-
SDVV/3OWHU
PULSE WIDTH = 1000 ns with f in MHz
2f  +,*+3$660+]Select to utilize a built-in high-
SDVV+3OWHU
For example, if a 2 MHz probe is used, the equation
becomes:  %%0+]Select to utilize a built-in broad-
EDQG%%OWHU
PULSE WIDTH = 1000 ns = 250 nanoseconds
2.2 Step 3: The receiver frequency level will be set to the last
for f = 2 MHz selection displayed.

To set a pulser width: 2.7.4 Selecting a 5HFWLFDWLRQ0RGH

Step 1: Activate the PULSER Submenu (located in the
UT Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will appear
down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to he function titled WIDTH.
&KDQJHWKHYDOXHE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
Step 3: The pulser WIDTH will be set to the value last
displayed.
2.7.3 Specifying the Receiver Frequency
 875(&(,9(5$6&$15(&7,)<
5HFWLFDWLRQDIIHFWVWKHRULHQWDWLRQRIWKH$VFDQRQWKH
display screen. The A-scan represents the sound pulse
(echo) thats returned from the material being tested to
the instrument. The series of echoes looks like the
Radio Frequency (RF) signal thats shown in Figure 4-9.
Note that the RF signal has a negative component below
the axis, and a positive component above the axis. In RF
mode, the A-gate and B-gate can be positioned either
875(&(,9(5)5(48(1&< above or below the axis, to be triggered by a positive-
heading echo or a negative-heading echo.
Step 1: Activate the RECEIVER Submenu (located in the
UT Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will appear 3RVLWLYH +DOI 5HFWLFDWLRQ means that only the upper
down the left side of the display screen. (positive) half of the RF signal is displayed.

Page 24 PHASOR XS Operating Manual


Negative Half Rectification means that only the
bottom (negative) half of the RF signal is displayed. In
Figure 4-9, note that even though its the negative half of
the RF signal, its displayed in the same orientation as a
positive component. This is only to simplify viewing.
)XOO:DYH5HFWLFDWLRQcombines the positive and nega-
WLYHUHFWLHGVLJQDOVWRJHWKHUDQGGLVSOD\VERWKRIWKHP
in a positive orientation.
Use the following procedure to select a rectification
mode:
Step 1: Activate the RECEIVER Submenu (located in the
UT Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will appear
down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the function titled ASCAN REC-
TIFY. Youll note that there are four options:
 1(*+$/):$9(Shows the negative component
of the RF signal but displays it in a positive orienta-
tion
 326+$/):$9(Shows the positive component
of the RF signal
 )8//:$9(Shows the positive and negative
halves of the RF wave, but both are oriented in the
positive direction
FIGURE 2-12Gate position and width can be adjusted as shown here.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
 RF6KRZVWKHHFKRZLWKQRUHFWLFDWLRQ
Step 3: 6HOHFWWKHUHFWLFDWLRQPHWKRG
2.8 Managing Gates for Phased Array
Operation
Setting the position and characteristics of the IF, A, and
B-Gates for phased-array operation requires access to the
UT Menu. The GATEMODE and GATE POS menus control
not only the location of the gates but also the alarms and
other features activated when an A-Scan is triggered.
NOTE: With a sector scan displayed, gate width and
starting position are measured (and displayed) with
respect to material depth (not sound-path depth). Mate-
rial depth is measured perpendicular to the test pieces
contact surface for all angles in the scan.
2.8.1 Positioning Gates
Use the following procedures to set the position of the IF,
A, and B-Gates. The effect of each gate-positioning func-
tion is shown in Figure 2-12.
Page 25
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement
Remember that gate position has the following effects on
instrument performance:
 7KH,)*DWHSURYLGHVDUHIHUHQFHSRLQWIURPZKLFK
the other gates are positioned, and provides a
reference from which the displayed data can be
positioned. No data is collected from IF-Gate
triggering. The range of values that can be input
for the starting point and width of the IF Gate is
LQXHQFHGE\WKH=SDUDPHWHUDFFHVVHGYLDWKH
WEDGE GEO Submenu, found in the PROBE
Menu.
 7KH$6FDQGLVSOD\VHFKRDPSOLWXGHVDVDIXQFWLRQ
RIGLVWDQFHIRUDOOUHHFWHGVRXQGZDYHV:KHQWKH
gate is moved down (as shown in Figure 2-12), the
gated area represents a region thats deeper into
the test material.
 $ZLGHUJDWHZLOOVLPSO\VSDQWKHHTXLYDOHQWRIPRUH
test-material depth
 ,QFUHDVLQJWKHWKUHVKROGRIDJDWHPHDQVWKDWRQO\
UHHFWHGVLJQDOVRIVXIFLHQWO\ODUJHDPSOLWXGHZLOO
cross the gate
NOTE: A- and B-Gates can be removed from the ac-
tive display by using the GATE DISPLAY Function.
When removed from the display in this manner, the
gate continues to function. The IF Gates GATE LOGIC
setting can be turned to OFF, disabling the gate and
removing it from the display. Otherwise, the IF Gate
will always be displayed with turned on.
NOTE: Gate starting point and width can be adjusted
from the HOME Menus function bar. To control IF, A,
RU%*DWHIURPWKLVPHQXUVWVHOHFWWKHGHVLUHGJDWH
using the GATE SELECT Function (accessed via the
GATEMODE or GATE POS Submenus). The color of
the text in the gate-controlling function box will match
the color of the selected gate.
NOTE: The IF Gate provides a reference point from
which the other gates are positioned. The A- and B-
Gate starting positions are measured with respect to
IF-Gate trigger whenever the IF-Gate is turned on
(meaning its logic setting is set to POSITIVE). See Also
Section 2.6.3.
NOTE: When operating with the DISPLAY START
Function set to IF, the interface echoes for each beam
are visible on the display. This provides a visual indica-
tion of variation in the IF-Gate triggering point. When
operating in this mode only, the operator is alerted to
the loss of an IF-Gate triggering echo by the application
of a special IF LOSS color to the display.
Page 26
Setting a Gates Starting Point (UT-GATE POS-
GATE START)
Step 1: Activate the GATE POS Submenu (located in
the UT Menu).
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
SELECT function. The color of function-block values
matches the color of the corresponding gate.
Step 3: Select the GATE START function and adjust the
VWDUWLQJSRLQWE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE,QFUHDVLQJDQG
decreasing the value of the starting point moves the gate
(in A-Scan view) to the right and left, respectively.
Step 4: The gate starting point will remain as set, even
when width adjustments are made.
Adjusting a Gates Width (UT-GATE POS-GATE
WIDTH)
Step 1: Activate the GATE POS Submenu (located in
the UT Menu).
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
SELECT function.
Step 3: Select the GATE WIDTH function and adjust by
WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
Setting a Gates Threshold
(UT-GATE POS-GATE THRESHOLD)
Step 1: Activate the GATE POS Submenu (located in
the UT Menu).
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
SELECT function.
Step 3: Select the GATE THRESHOLD function and
DGMXVWWKHYHUWLFDOKHLJKWE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
Increasing and decreasing the value of the thresh-
old moves the gate (in A-Scan view) up and down,
respectively.
Hiding an Active Gate from the Display (UT-GATE
POS-GATE DISPLAY)
An active A- or B-Gate (one whose LOGIC setting is not
set to OFF) can be hidden from the display while continu-
ing to function. To hide a gate from the display:
Step 1: Active the GATE POS Submenu (located in the
UT Menu)
Step 2: Select the gate to be hidden using the GATE
SELECT function.
Step 3: Set the value of GATE DISPLAY to OFF. The gate
will continue to function but will no longer be displayed.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement

2.8.2 SelHFWLQJWKH72)'HWHFWLRQ0HWKRG  &RQJXUHWKH*DWHWR,JQRUHRU

$FFHSW2II6FUHHQ7ULJJHUV',63/$<
A-Scan signals crossing a gate are evaluated for the pur- 5(68/76*$7(6+$3(
SRVHVRIDZGHWHFWLRQDQGPDWHULDOWKLFNQHVV:KHQWKH
signal crosses the A or B-Gate, either the gate-crossing Gate triggering can, in some cases, occur at a point that
SRLQWDQNRIWKHVLJQDORUWKHPD[LPXPSRLQWSHDN does not appear on the display screen. The GATE SHAPE
RIWKHVLJQDOLQWKHVSHFLFJDWHLVXVHGIRUHYDOXDWLRQ Function determines whether or not off-screen A- or
purposes. The TOF MODE function allows the user to B-Gate triggers are ignored. To configure the gate
specify which A-Scan feature ()/$1.RU3($.LVXVHG shape:
to evaluate the signal in the A and B Gates.
Step 1: Activate the RESULTS2 Submenu (located in the
Step 1: Activate the GATEMODE Submenu (located in DISPLAY Menu) by pressing below it.
the UT Menu).
Step 2: Press next to the function titled GATE SHAPE.
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE Continue pressing RUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRVHOHFW
SELECT function. from:
Step 3: Select the TOF MODE function and choose DEPTH BASED Gate triggers that occur off of the
between )/$1.DQG3($.PHWKRGV display screen are ignored

NOTE: 7KHGHWHFWLRQPHWKRGFKRVHQZLOOEHUHHFWHG IMAGE BASED All gate triggers, including those

E\ WKH  DQN RU A SHDN LFRQV 7KHVH LFRQV DUH
displayed in the display box containing the measured
reading, and in the options offered in the READING 1
through 4 function boxes.
2.8.3 SettinJ*DWH/RJLF
A TTL output can be set to transmit whenever a user-
selected gate triggers. When a gate-triggering event
occurs, an alarm indication light on the front of the instru-
ment will illuminate and a signal can be output.
that occur off screen, are valid
NOTE: When gate width, leg setting, or other param-
HWHUVDUHFRQJXUHGVRWKDWWKH$RU%JDWHGRHVQRW
appear on the display screen, changing the GATE
SHAPE setting to IMAGE BASED automatically adjusts
gate width, if required, to keep the gate visible on the
display screen.
2.8.5 AVVLJQ77/2XWSXW$ODUP
,QGLFDWLRQ/LJKWWRD*DWH',63/$<
'HQLQJ*DWH7ULJJHULQJ/RJLF87*$7(02'(
LOGIC)
The A, B, and IF Gates can be triggered under one of
two circumstances. Gates can be set to trigger when an
A-Scan echo crosses the gate or when no echo crosses
the gate. To specify gate LOGIC settings:
Step 1: Activate the GATEMODE Submenu (located in
the UT Menu).
Step 2: 6HOHFWWKHJDWHWREHPRGLHGXVLQJWKH*$7(
SELECT function.
Step 3: Select the LOGIC function and choose the gate
triggering logic:
 POSITIVEAn A-Scan signal crosses the gate
 NEGATIVENo A-Scan signal crosses the gate
(A and B Gates only)
 2))7KHVHOHFWHGJDWHZLOOQRWEHWULJJHUHG
NOTE: The IF Gate must be turned OFF for the instru-
ment to produce a sector scan.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
5(68/7677/
A warning light appears on the front of the instrument (see
Figure 1-2 for light location). This light corresponds to a
TTL output, which occurs when there is a gate trigger-
ing event. When the A- or B-Gate is triggered, a warning
light illuminates (except when the GATE LOGIC is set to
OFF). Use the following procedure to indicate which gate
activates the light:
Step 1: Activate the RESULTS2 Submenu (located in
the DISPLAY Menu).
Step 2: Activate the TTL #1 function and choose one of
the following selections:
 $*$7($ODUPOLJKWLQGLFDWHVZKHQ$*DWH
triggers
 %*$7($ODUPOLJKWLQGLFDWHVZKHQ%*DWH
triggers
 $RU%$ODUPOLJKWLQGLFDWHVZKHQHLWKHU$RU%
gate triggers
 2))$ODUPLQGLFDWLRQOLJKWZLOOQRWIXQFWLRQ
Page 27
2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement

  DOLEUDWLQJWKH,QVWUXPHQW3UREH
&  3HUIRUPLQJD4XLFN&DOLEUDWLRQ
Combination
Using the optional calibration block purchased with your
The phased-array calibration process requires the use instrument (or one youve fabricated), a quick calibration
of a calibration standard, of proper material type, with procedure (matched to a designated sector-scan applica-
WZR NQRZQ UHHFWRUV &RPSOHWLQJ WKH SURFHVV UHTXLUHV tion) can be performed as follows:
adjustment of the PROBE DELAY and VELOCITY values
to match the instrument/probe/test piece combination in Setup Procedure
use. Before launching the calibration process, complete
all applicable tasks described in Chapters 2 and 3 Step 1: Press to display the A-Scan-plus-Sector Scan
including: view.

 ,QSXWWLQJWKH3UREHDQG:HGJHFKDUDFWHULVWLFV Step 2: Use the BEAM CURSOR to select the desired

reference A-Scan (such as 45 degrees). Beam cursor is
 'HQHWKHVFDQ controlled via the CAL submenu in the PART menu.
 ,QSXW0DWHULDO7\SH Step 3: Adjust the LEG setting (HOME menu) to move
 ,QSXW8OWUDVRQLFVHWWLQJV WKH GLVSOD\HG FDOEORFN UHHFWRUV WR VFUHHQ SRVLWLRQV
corresponding to 1 and 4 inches (25 and 100 mm for the
 &RQJXUHWKH5(68/76GLVSOD\HGWRLQFOXGH6%$ equivalent EN calibration block).
SA, and BEAM Angle.
Step 4: Display and position the A-Gate (using the
 3RVLWLRQWKH$DQG%*DWHVWRFDSWXUHWKHWZR GATEMODE and GATE POS submenus located in the
NQRZQUHHFWRUVRQWKHFDOLEUDWLRQVWDQGDUGFDS- 87PHQXWRGHWHFWWKHUVWFDOEORFNUHHFWRU%HVXUH
WXUHWKHGHHSHUUHHFWRUZLWKWKH%*DWH6HW*DWH the IF GATE LOGIC is set to OFF.
Detection Logic to POSITIVE. Be sure IF GATE
LOGIC is set to OFF. Step 5: Display and position the B-Gate (using the
GATEMODE and GATE POS submenus located in the
 0RYHWKH%($0&85625WRVHOHFWWKHQRPLQDO
effective angle of the probe wedge, which is the
refraction angle in the test object based on the given
wedge angle (Snells Law).
To launch the calibration process:
Step 1: Activate the CAL Submenu (Located in the PART
MENU) by pressing below it. Selections will appear
down the left side of the display.
Step 2: Couple the probe to the calibration standard so
WKDWWKHUVWUHHFWRULVFDSWXUHGLQ$*DWHDQGWKHVHFRQG
87PHQXWRGHWHFWWKHVHFRQGFDOEORFNUHHFWRU
Step 6: $GMXVWJDWHGHWHFWLRQPRGHWR3($.RU)/$1.
as required by your calibration procedure.
Step 7: Display SA and SBA measurements (accessed
via the RESULTS1 submenu located in the DISPLAY
menu).
Step 8: Adjust the probe position to maximize the echo
amplitude.
Step 9: Adjust instrument gain to move the largest dis-
GHHSHUUHHFWRULVFDSWXUHGE\WKH%*DWH3UHVV played echo to just below 100% FSH.
next to VELOCITY and adjust the value until the displayed
SBA value matches the depth of the calibration standards
NQRZQUHHFWRU
Step 3: Couple the probe to the calibration standard so
WKDWWKHUVWUHHFWRULVFDSWXUHGLQ$*DWH3UHVV next
to PROBE DELAY and adjust the value until the displayed
SA value matches the depth of the calibration standards
NQRZQUHHFWRU
The material velocity and probe delay are now adjusted
to match the instrument/probe/test piece combination.

Page 28 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 2. Setting Up for Phased Array Measurement

Calibration Procedure

Step 1: Access the CAL submenu located in the PART

menu.
Step 2: Adjust the VELOCITY setting until the displayed
SBA measures 3 inches (or 75 mm if an EN block is
used)
Step 3: Adjust the PROBE DELAY setting until the dis-
played SA measures 1 inch (or 25 mm if an EN block is
used)
Step 4: Recalculate the delay laws by pressing three
times.

A
B

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 29

3. Operating in Phased Array Mode
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode
This chapter of the manual explains how to adjust the
instruments display to most effectively evaluate A, Sec-
tor, and Linear Scans acquired in Phased Array Mode.
In this chapter, youll learn how to:
 Set the displayed view to include either A-Scan,
Sector (or Linear) Scan, or a combination of the two
(Section 3.1)
 Select the measured values to be displayed
(Section 3.2)
 Link and Unlink the A-Scans position with the
Sector or Linear Scan when both are displayed
(Section 3.3)
 Control the Beam Cursors Angular Position with the
)XQFWLRQ.QRE(Section 3.3)
 Assess on-screen images in Freeze Mode
(Section 3.4)
 Adjusting the gain setting (Section 3.5)
 Operate in TCG Mode (Section 3.6)
FIGURE 3-1Either the Sector (shown here) or Linear Scan can be displayed by itself. Note key on-screen D[HVDQG
other features idHQWLHGKere.
Page 30
3.1 Selecting the Displayed 9LHZ
(Phased Array)
When operating in Phased Array Mode, there are three
ways in which the resulting image may be viewed. Press
to change the view mode, noting that each change
requires a few seconds to update the display screen.
During this brief delay, appears near the upper right
corner of the screen. If the A-Scan and Sector (or Linear)
Scans are displayed simultaneously, the relation of the
WZRVFDQVZLWKUHVSHFWWRHDFKRWKHUFDQEHPRGLHGDV
described in Section 3.3. Available views include:
 Sector or Linear Scan only (Figure 3-1)
 Sector or Linear Scan with A-Scan (Figure 3-2)
 A-Scan only
As described in Section 2.5, switching between Sector
and Linear Scans requires recalculation of the phased-
array delay laws. If a change is required, access the
ELECTRNC Submenu (in the SCAN Menu) and choose
the TYPE of scan. Note that the IF Gates LOGIC Function
must be set to OFF before selecting a sector scan type.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

FIGURE 3-2The A-Scan can be displayed (note its vertical orientation) together with either the Sector (shown here) or
Linear Scan.
3.2 Displaying Results (Phased Array)
The instrument display screen contains reading boxes in
which it displays up to four measured readings at one time.
Each window shows the measured value, its identifying
label (such as A%A) and, in smaller digits, the number of
the beam in which it occurred. Measured values available
for display include the following (availability depends on
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode
 36$A3HDNVRXQGSDWKGLVWDQFHRIDOOEHDPVLQ
scan that are currently captured by Gate A
 33$A3HDNSURMHFWLRQGLVWDQFHRIDOOEHDPVLQ
scan that are currently captured by Gate A
 3'$A3HDNPDWHULDOGHSWKRIDOOEHDPVLQVFDQ
that are currently captured by Gate A
 3=$A3HDNXQFRUUHFWHGGHSWKRIDOOEHDPVLQVFDQ
LQVWUXPHQWFRQJXUDWLRQDQGRSHUDWLQJPRGH that are currently captured by Gate A
NOTE: 7KH A V\PERO LQGLFDWHV WKDW *$7( GHWHFWLRQ
PRGHLVVHWWR3($.ZKLOHLQGLFDWHVLWLVVHWWR)/$1.
All measurements are relative to the origin line.
Gate triggering can, in some cases, occur at a point
that does not appear on the display screen. Setting the
GATE SHAPE Function to DEPTH BASED ensures
that off-screen triggers of the A- or B-Gates are ignored.
See Section 2.8.4.
 BEAMAngular position of the Beam Cursor in
Sector View, or Beam number in Linear view.
 P%APeak amplitude of all beams in scan that are
currently captured by Gate A (as a % of FSH)
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 P%BPeak amplitude of all beams in scan that are
currently captured by Gate B (as a % of FSH)
 36%A3HDNVRXQGSDWKGLVWDQFHRIDOOEHDPVLQ
scan that are currently captured by Gate B
 33%A3HDNSURMHFWLRQGLVWDQFHRIDOOEHDPVLQ
scan that are currently captured by Gate B
 3'%A3HDNPDWHULDOGHSWKRIDOOEHDPVLQVFDQ
that are currently captured by Gate B
 3=%A3HDNXQFRUUHFWHGGHSWKRIDOOEHDPVLQVFDQ
that are currently captured by Gate B
 A%AAmplitude (as a % of full-screen height) of
the highest echo to cross A-Gate in the beam se-
lected by the beam cursor.
Page 31
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

 PSA/Minimum soundpath distance of all

beams in scan that are currently captured by
Gate A
 PPA/Minimum projection distance of all
beams in scan that are currently captured by
Gate A
 PDA/Minimum material depth of all beams
in scan that are currently captured by Gate A
 PZA/Minimum uncorrected depth of all
beams in scan that are currently captured by
Gate A
 PSB/Minimum soundpath distance of all
beams in scan that are currently captured by
Gate B
 PPB/Minimum projection distance of all
beams in scan that are currently captured by
Gate B
 3'%A0LQLPXPPDWHULDOGHSWKRIDOOEHDPVLQ
scan that are currently captured by Gate B
 PZB/Minimum uncorrected depth of all
beams in scan that are currently captured by
Gate B
 6$A8QFRUUHFWHG6RXQG3DWKGLVWDQFHRU
duration represented by the highest echo to cross
A-Gate in the beam selected by the beam cursor.
 6$8QFRUUHFWHG6RXQG3DWKGLVWDQFHRU
GXUDWLRQUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHDQNHFKRWRFURVV
A-Gate in the beam selected by the beam cursor.
 SBASound-Path distance or duration
between the highest echo (in the beam selected)
to cross B-Gate and the highest echo (in the
beam selected) to cross A-Gate.
 3$A3URMHFWLRQGLVWDQFHIURPWKHEHDPLQGH[ FIGURE 3-3Various measured values available when a probe
wedge is used.
SRLQW%,3WRWKHUHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKH
highest echo in A-Gate (in the beam selected
by the beam cursor). (see Figure 3-3)
 PA/Projection distance from the beam index point
%,3WRWKHUHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHDQNHFKR
in A-Gate (in the beam selected by the beam cur-
sor). (see Figure 3-3)

The IF Gate provides a reference point from which the

other gates are positioned, and provides a reference
from which the displayed data can be positioned. No
results are based on IF-Gate triggering.

Page 32 PHASOR XS Operating Manual


 '$A&RUUHFWHGPDWHULDOWKLFNQHVVGHSWKIURPWKH
testpiece surface (the probe-contacted side) to the
UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHKLJKHVWHFKRLQ$*DWH
(in the beam selected by the beam cursor).
(see Figure 3-3)
 DA/Corrected material-thickness depth from the
testpiece surface (the probe-contacted side) to the
UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHUVWHFKRLQ$*DWHLQ
the beam selected by the beam cursor).
(see Figure 3-3)
 =$A8QFRUUHFWHGGHSWKWRWKHKLJKHVWHFKRFDS-
tured by Gate A.
 =$8QFRUUHFWHGGHSWKWRWKHUVWHFKRFDSWXUHG
by Gate A.
 A%BAmplitude (as a % of full-screen height) of
the highest echo to cross B-Gate in the beam se-
lected by the beam cursor.
 6%A6RXQG3DWKGLVWDQFHRUGXUDWLRQUHSUHVHQWHG
by the highest echo to cross B-Gate in the beam
selected by the beam cursor.
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode
Assigning Measured Readings to the Displayed
5HDGLQJ%R[HV',63/$<5(68/76RU
READING #)
7KHGLVSOD\LQFOXGHVDWRWDORIYHER[HVZKHUHPHDVXUHG
values can be displayed (Figure 3-4). Four small reading
boxes can each contain one of four measured values. A
large reading box can display, in a larger format, any
RQHRIWKHYDOXHVVKRZQLQWKHVPDOOER[HV7RGHQHWKH
reading-box contents:
Step 1: Activate the DISPLAY Menu.
Step 2: Select the RESULTS1 Submenu (or select
RESULTS2 for the large reading box).
Step 3: Select the READING box location you wish to
specify by pressing , then press again or turn the
)XQFWLRQ.QREWRFKRRVHIURPVHYHUDORIWKHVHOHFWLRQV
listed above (available readings depend on designated
operating mode).
NOTE: While TCG reference points are being recorded,
two measurement result boxes will be automatically
 SB/Sound-Path distance or duration represented VHWLIQRWDOUHDG\FRQJXUHGWRGLVSOD\36$DQG3$
E\WKHDQNHFKRWRFURVV%*DWHLQWKHEHDPVH- values. These result selections will remain locked until
lected by the beam cursor. WKH7&*UHFRUGLQJSURFHVVLVQLVKHG

 3%A3URMHFWLRQGLVWDQFHIURPWKHEHDPLQGH[SRLQW NOTE: When S, D, or P readings are displayed, the

%,3WRWKHUHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHKLJKHVW TOF Detection Mode (2.8.2) setting for the referenced
echo in B-Gate (in the beam selected by the beam JDWH$RU%LVLQGLFDWHGE\DA3HDN0RGHRUD
cursor). (see Figure 3-3) (Flank Mode).
 PB/Projection distance from the beam index point
%,3WRWKHUHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHDQNHFKR
in B-Gate (in the beam selected by the beam cur-
sor). (see Figure 3-3)
 DB/Corrected Material-thickness depth from the
testpiece surface (the probe-contacted side) to the
UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHDQNHFKRLQ%*DWHLQ
the beam selected by the beam cursor). (see
Figure 3-3)
 =$8QFRUUHFWHGGHSWKWRWKHDQNHFKRFDSWXUHG
by Gate B.
 2))1RUHDGLQJZLOOEHGLVSOD\HGLQWKHUHDGLQJ
box.
The four measured readings can be displayed in any
of the four small reading boxes at the top of the display
screen. In addition, the result displayed in one of the four
small boxes can be shown in the large reading box (see
3.3 ControOOLQJ$6can Orientation and
%HDP&XUVRU3Rsition
Linking the A-Scan to the Sector or Linear Scan
(DISPLAY-VIEW-ASCAN MODE)
When an A-Scan is displayed together with either a Sector
or Linear Scan, the A-Scan position can be set to align
with the other displayed Scan or the A-Scan can be sim-
ply set to display down the full height of the screen (see
Figure 3-4). To change the A-SCAN MODE:
Step 1: Activate the VIEW Submenu (located in the
DISPLAY Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled ASCAN
MODE. Continue to press and note the options are:
BUDBeam Ultrasonic Depth any vertical loca-
Figure 3-2$OVRQRWHWKDWZKHQWLPHRILJKWRUWKLFNQHVV tion along the A-Scan corresponds to the same
readings are displayed, the detection method selected vertical location on the beam-cursor selected beam
IRU WKDW JDWH LV LQGLFDWHG ZLWK D A UHSUHVHQWLQJ 3($. in the Sector or Linear Scan image. This corre-
RUUHSUHVHQWLQJ)/$1.6HHWRVHOHFWGHWHFWLRQ spondence is maintained, even when the displayed
methods. VHFWRUVUDQJHLVPRGLHGZLWKFKDQJHVWRWKH/(*
setting (Section 2.6.1).
PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 33
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

FIGURE 3-4A-Scan Mode setting links the A-Scans vertical location to the corresponding scans, vertical location, or
H[WHQGVthe A-Scan across the full vertical height of the display.

NORMALThe vertical length of the A-Scan re-
mains constant at full screen height and does not
change with changes in the Sector or Linear Scans
display.
Step 3: Note that this setting effects the A-Scan only
when it is displayed together with either a Sector or Lin-
ear Scan.
Controlling the Beam Cursor with the Function
Knob (DISPLAY-VIEW-BEAM CURSOR)
Whenever a Sector is displayed, the Beam Cursor ap-
pears as a diagonal line across the scan display screen
Page 34
(it appears as a vertical line in Linear Scans). The angu-
lar position of this cursor, which can be displayed in a
Reading box (Section 3.2), can be controlled by turning
WKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE7RFRQWUROWKH%HDP&XUVRUZLWKWKH
)XQFWLRQ.QRE
First press to reach the Home Menu, then quickly
press it again. This will cause all displayed functions to
EHFRPHGHVHOHFWHGDQGZLOOOLQNWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRWKH
Cursor. Note that moving the beam cursor changes the
selected beam and therefore effects the value of those
displayed RESULTS that are based on the selected beam
(Section 3.2).
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

3.4 Operating in )UHH]H0RGH3KDVHG  SBM2Soundpath measurement from the selected

Beam at the Horizontal Cursor 2 intersection
Array)
 2))
At any time when operating in Phased Array mode, the
5(68/76Display the four READINGS that were
display can be frozen by momentarily pressing (hold-
operational prior to freezing the display.
ing for three seconds will automatically store a dataset
or generate a report as called for by the ACTION chosen in 2))/1'%Change the Gain thats applied to the frozen
the FILENAME Submenu -- see Chapter 6). When frozen,
the displayed scans can be manipulated and evaluated
using the Freeze Menu shown in Figure 3-5. Capabilities
of the Freeze Menu include:
&85625 Operate a horizontal cursor with the
*DLQ.QREDQGD9HUWLFDORU%HDP&XUVRUZLWKWKH)XQF-
WLRQ.QRE,WDOVRDOORZVWKHXVHUWRGLVSOD\DQ25,*,1
LINE corresponding to the WEDGE FRONT plus ORIGIN
GLVSOD\7KHDPRXQWRIRILQHJDLQLQG%WKDWVDSSOLHG
to the frozen image is indicated in the icon bar, just below
WKH IUHH]H LFRQ 7KH RILQH JDLQ LV UHPRYHG ZKHQ WKH
display is unfrozen.
),/(1$0(Launch the data set naming (or report gen-
erating) process as described in Section 6.1.1.
3.5 Setting the Gain (Phased Array)
2))6(7LIDQ\GLVWDQFHVWRUHSUHVHQWWKHXVHUGHQHG Analog and digital gain, which increase and decrease the
target location. amplitude of A-Scan signals, are adjusted with the Gain
&85625Operate a second (color coded) horizontal
FXUVRUZLWKWKH*DLQ.QREDQGD9HUWLFDORU%HDP&XUVRU
ZLWKWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE7KLVPHQXDOVRDOORZVWKHXVHU
to display an ORIGIN LINE corresponding to the WEDGE
FRONT plus ORIGIN OFFSET (if any) distances to rep-
UHVHQWWKHXVHUGHQHGWDUJHWORFDWLRQ
MEAS 1 and MEAS 2Select up to four READING op-
.QREOHIWKDQGVLGHRILQVWUXPHQW7KHLQVWUXPHQWVJDLQ
can be adjusted while in any menu location except when
WKHG%67(3IXQFWLRQLVVHWWR/2&.RUGXULQJDOSKDQX-
meric editing. Refer to Figure 3-6.
Digital Gain can be added to as much as 40 dB of
Analog Gain. Access to this gain is by a press and
hold action on the gain step key. Digital gain allows the
WLRQVHDFKWKDWFRUUHVSRQGWRWKHSRLQWGHQHGE\WKH
intersection of CURSOR 1s and CURSOR 2s horizontal
and vertical components.
 SBM1Soundpath measurement from the selected
BEAM at the crossing point with Horizontal Cursor 1
 Z1uncorrected vertical depth of the horizontal
cursor.
 L1-2Straight line distance from Cursor 1 inter-sec-
tion to cursor 2 intersection
 P1Projected horizontal distance from Origin line
to Cursor 1 intersection
 AMP1Amplitude of Image point at Cursor 1
intersection
 P1-2Absolute Projected horizontal distance from
Vertical Cursor 1 to Vertical Cursor 2
 Z1-2Uncorrected distance from Horizontal Cursor
1 to Horizontal Cursor 2
 Z2Uncorrected vertical Depth to Horizontal
Cursor 2
 P2Projected horizontal distance from Origin line
to Vertical Cursor 2
 AMP2Amplitude measurement of image point at
Cursor 2 intersection.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
user to evaluate signals at higher or lower amplitude
in freeze mode. Digital gain is automatically applied
depending on aperature selection. Smaller appera-
tures have larger digital gains applied than larger ap-
SHUDWXUHV$YDLODEOHGLJLWDOJDLQFRQWUROLVLQXHQFHGE\
apperature.
As shown in Figure 3-6, pressing and holding next
to the ANALOG or DIGITAL GAIN Function bar acti-
vates the dB REF feature. This displays a reference
gain equal to the sum of the analog and digital gain
at the time of activation. It also sets both the dBA and
dBD values to zero. All changes to analog and digital
gain are then made with respect to these zero initial
values. Pressing and holding again deactivates
the dB REF feature but all changes made to the gain
settings remain.
NOTE: Pressing and holding will switch the type of
JDLQFRQWUROOHGE\WKH*DLQ.QREEHWZHHQdBD (digital
gain) and dBA (analog gain). The type of gain that is
127 FRQWUROOHG E\ WKH *DLQ .QRE ZLOO DSSHDU LQ WKH
top function bar position and can be controlled by the
)XQFWLRQ.QRE
Page 35
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

FIGURE 3-5These A and Sector Scans are being evaluated in Freeze Mode.

Page 36 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

FIGURE 3-6Setting Analog (dBA) and Digital (dBD) Gain and using the dB REF Feature

Changing the Gain-Adjustment Increment

(dB STEP) NOTE: Pressing and holding will switch the type of
JDLQFRQWUROOHGE\WKH*DLQ.QREEHWZHHQdBD (digital
When adjusting the A-Scan gain, each click of the gain gain) and dBA (analog gain). The type of gain that is
knob increases or decreases the gain level by a dB in- 127 FRQWUROOHG E\ WKH *DLQ .QRE ZLOO DSSHDU LQ WKH
FUHPHQWHTXDOWRWKHG%67(3LGHQWLHGLQFigure 3-2). top function bar position and can be controlled by the
6HYHUDOYDOXHVFDQEHVSHFLHGIRUG%67(3LQFOXGLQJ )XQFWLRQ.QRE
D*DLQ.QRE/2&.ZKLFKSUHYHQWVDQ\JDLQDGMXVWPHQW
To select one of the existing dB STEP values: Locking the Gain Rotary Knob
Step 1: Press . The gain knob can be locked so that turning it has no
effect on the instrument.
Step 2: Note that the dB STEP (gain-adjustment
increment) value changes as you continue to push . Step 1: Continue pressing while observing that the
Available increments include: 0.1dB, 0.2 dB, 0.5 dB, 1.0 value of dB STEP (in the upper left-hand corner of the
G%G%G%DQG/2&. display) changes to various step values. When the word
/2&.DSSHDUVDVWKHG%67(3YDOXHWKHJDLQNQRELV
Step 3: Once a dB STEP value has been selected, locked.
HDFKFOLFNRIWKH*DLQ.QREZLOOLQFUHDVHRUGHFUHDVHWKH
instruments gain by the dB STEP increment.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 37
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode
Step 2: To unlock the knob, change the setting of dB
67(3WRVRPHYDOXHRWKHUWKDQ/2&.
NOTE: Both knobs are disabled whenever operating
LQ.QRE(PXODWRUPRGH . standard recording process. Created as the probe is
3.6 Operating in TCG Mode (Phased
Array)
7KHGHSWKDWZKLFKLGHQWLFDOUHHFWRUVRFFXUFDXVHV
variation in the amplitude of resulting ultrasonic echoes.
In phased-array sector-scan mode, the TCG feature
compensates for the natural signal decay that results
IURPDWWHQXDWLRQWKHLQXHQFHRIGLVWDQFHODZVDQG
also the effect of beam angle on echo
amplitude (Figure 3-7).
To account for the effect of beam angle on echo
amplitude, TCG reference recording requires that each
UHIHUHQFHUHHFWRUEHGHWHFWHGE\HYHU\EHDPDQJOH
(described in Section 3.6.1). Alternatively, TCG points
FIGURE 3-7Why compensation may be needed
Page 38
can be manually entered as described in Section 3.6.4.
7RHQVXUHWKDWWKHUHIHUHQFHUHHFWRULVGHWHFWHGE\
each beam angle, the Amplitude-Cycle-Diagram is
displayed along with the sector scan throughout the
PRYHGRYHUWKHUHIHUHQFHUHHFWRU(Figure 3-8), this
FXUYHUHSUHVHQWVWKHUHHFWHGDPSOLWXGHREWDLQHGIRU
each beam angle. The instrument requires that a valid
amplitude be measured for each beam angle before the
TCG reference point can be recorded (Section 3.6.1).
When operating in TCG mode will appear on the
display screen. Before using the TCG Function do the
following:
 Ensure that all instrument settings (PULSER, RE-
CEIVER, etc.) have been made. Changing these
settings after the TCG reference points are input will
affect the accuracy of measurement.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

FIGURE 3-8The Amplitude Cycle Diagram indicates the TCG-reference amplitude recorded at each beam angle.
 Carefully calibrate the instrument for the probe /
material combination prior to beginning the TCG
recording process.
 6HWWKH0$77+,&.1(66DQG/(*YDOXHVVRWKDW
DOOUHIHUHQFHUHHFWRUVZLOOIDOOZLWKLQWKHGLVSOD\HG
sector. These settings can not be adjusted while
recording TCG points.
 TCG reference points (up to 15) must be recorded
by obtaining an A-Scan echo of a representative
UHHFWRURUPDQXDOO\HQWHUHGXVLQJWKH7&*(',7
3. Operating in Phased Array Mode
Step 1: A-Gate is used to record the reference echoes.
Set GATE START and WIDTH to evaluate only the se-
lected reference echo. Set THRESHOLD to 5% in order
to include any signal height above 5% FSH.
Step 2: Access the NRM/TCG Submenu (located in the
UT Menu) by pressing .
Step 3: Start the recording process by pressing (two
times) next to RECORD so that POINT 1 appears.
Couple the phased array probe to the test standard so that
at least one step segment on the displays left side (see
Submenu. The reference points allow the instru-
ment to calculate and compensate for the effect of
PDWHULDODWWHQXDWLRQRQUHHFWRUDPSOLWXGHKHLJKW
The dynamic range of the TCG function is 40 dB.
Maximum curve slope is 6 dB per microsecond.
Successive data points do not have to decrease in
amplitude. That is, the TCG curve does not have to
have a constantly descending slope.
3.6.1 Recording the TCG Reference
Points
Figure 3-9LQGLFDWHVWKHUHHFWRUVSUHVHQFH$VVHHQLQ
Figure 3-9, display segments move to the right from their
baseline position by an amount thats proportionate to their
maximum amplitude. Note that changing Gain setting or
moving the A-Gate THRESHOLD will alter the amplitude
DWZKLFKWKLVUHHFWRULVGHWHFWHGLQ$*DWH
NOTE: During the recording process, the gain applied
to one or more beam group segments can be reduced
WRHOLPLQDWHWKHHIIHFWRIDQXQGHVLUHGUHHFWRUVXFK
as a geometric feature that is detected by these spe-
FLFVHJPHQWVRQWKHUHFRUGLQJRID7&*SRLQW6HH
TCG reference points are typically taken from a standard Section 3.6.2 to select a region of interest during the
ZLWK HTXDOO\ VL]HG UHHFWRUV KROHV ORFDWHG DW YDULRXV TCG-point recording process.
material depths. The primary echo from each of these
points (for up to a total of 15 echoes) are recorded. When NOTE: The cyclic gain feature (Section 3.6.3) adds an
TCG is active, the instrument compensates for different incremental amount of gain to each beam group.
material thickness and different detecting-beam angles
by applying a varying gain level to echoes at material
depths other than the baseline depth. Only one set of
TCG reference points can be stored at a time. To record
TCG reference points:

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 39

3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

FIGURE 3-9TCG Recording Process

Page 40 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

Step 4: Move the probe so that additional segments on Step 2: ,GHQWLI\WKHUVWEHDPJURXSVIRUZKLFK\RXZDQW
WKH GLVSOD\V OHIW VLGH LQGLFDWH WKH SUHVHQFH RI WKH UVW WRGHQHD7&*SRLQW
UHHFWRU$JDLQGLVSOD\VHJPHQWVPRYHWRWKHULJKWIURP
Step 3: Adjust gain as required and record the TCG refer-
their baseline position by an amount thats proportion-
ence data (by pressing next to RECORDING) for the
ate to the maximum A-Scan amplitude (in A Gate) they
indicated group(s). The instrument will NOT proceed to
acquire. All segments must indicate the presence of the
the next TCG point at this time.
UHHFWRUE\PRYLQJWRWKHULJKWRIWKHLUEDVHOLQHSRVLWLRQ
and no segment may indicate an amplitude greater than
IXOOVFUHHQKHLJKW,GHDOO\ZLWKVXIFLHQWPRYHPHQW
of the probe, display segments will represent somewhat
consistent amplitudes.
Step 5: $IWHUHDFKGLVSOD\VHJPHQWVXIFLHQWO\LQGLFDWHV
WKHUHHFWRUVSUHVHQFHSUHVV to record POINT 1.
NOTE: Pressing and holding (for three seconds)
that appears next to the <RECORDING> Function
deletes the currently active TCG point.
Step 6: Continue to move the probe to observe additional
reference points and repeat Steps 2 and 3 until TCG points
Step 4: As prompted, continue to identify beam groups
and apply suitable gain to those groups, recording the
beam groups as described in Step 4.
Step 5: When data has been recorded for all beam
groups, the TCG recording process will automatically
proceed to the next TCG point.
 $SSO\LQJ,QFUHPHQWDO*DLQWR%HDP
Groups During the Recording
Process
The cycle gain control feature allows an incremental
IRUDOOUHHFWRUVDUHUHFRUGHGXSWRDPD[LPXPRI
Then press (two times) next to FINISH. At this time
the TCG Curve is generated and active. The effects of
TCG can be turned on or off (TCG MODE) without deleting
the reference points. However, the curve must be deleted
before a new TCG can be recorded.
Step 7: Access the TCG EDIT Submenu to add points
to or otherwise adjust the existing TCG Curve after it has
EHHQQLVKHG7RGHOHWHFXUYHSUHVVDQGKROGNH\
NOTE: When a TCG reference point is stored, two
measurement result boxes will be automatically set
amount of gain (measured in dB) to be added to each
beam. Prior to beginning the TCG-point recording pro-
cess, press next to the CYC GAIN CNTL Function
WKHQWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRLQFUHPHQWDOO\DSSO\WKH
indicated amount of gain to each beam.
For example: applying an additional 2 dB to three beams
LQWKLVPDQQHUPHDQVWKDWG%LVDGGHGWRWKHUVWEHDP
4 dB added to the second, and 6 dB added to the third.
After the TCG-point recording process has begun, cycle
gain can still be added by pressing the same key, identi-
HGLQFigure 3-9 (WARNING: pressing this key twice will
LI QRW DOUHDG\ FRQJXUHG WR GLVSOD\ 33$ DQG 3$
values. These result selections will remain locked
until TCG reference recording is completed (Step 6
above).
NOTE: TCG reference points and status (OFF or TCG)
will be stored with data set. When recalled, curve status
will be the same as when it was stored. For example, if
TCG is active when a data set is stored, it will be active
when that data set is recalled.
QLVKWKH7&*SURFHVV
3.6.4 Manually Imputing TCG Points
TCG reference points may also be manually input us-
ing the TCG EDIT Submenu, as shown in Figure 3-10.
When manually inputting TCG points, the material-depth
measurement (called POINT POS.) and additional gain
to be applied at that A-Scan depth, is entered for up to
15 points.

 6HOHFWLQJ%HDP*URXSVRI,QWHUHVW
During the TCG Recording Process
During the recording process, the gain applied to one or
more beam-group segment can be reduced to eliminate
WKHHIIHFWRIDQXQGHVLUHGUHHFWRUVXFKDVDJHRPHWULF
IHDWXUHWKDWLVGHWHFWHGE\WKHVHVSHFLFVHJPHQWVRQ
the recording of a TCG point. To select a region of interest
during the TCG-point recording process:
Step 1: Press next to the BEAM GROUP Function
LGHQWLHGLQFigure 3-9).

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 41

3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

NOTE: TCG points can be manually stored one beam Step 5: Press to activate the POINT Function and set
at a time, or for all beams in the scan at once. To edit its value to NEW.
all beams at once, set the BEAM CURSOR Function
at either of its extreme positions. This condition, shown Step 6: Press next to POINT POS. and POINT GAIN,
in Figure 3-10, causes all available beams (such as 1 WKHQWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE6HWWKHVHYDOXHVWRFRUUH-
through 57, if the scan includes a total of 57 beams) spond with the desired position and applied gain level of
to be listed. Alternatively, set the BEAM CURSOR WKHUVW7&*SRLQW
Function to each beam (Step 4 below), continue with Step 7: :KHQ WKH UVW 7&* SRLQWV SRVLWLRQ DQG JDLQ
the process of recording the TCG point settings for that are correctly set, press next to POINT (two times) to
beam, then continue to the next beam until all beams UHFRUGWKHGHQHGSRLQW
in the scan are complete. This results in a single TCG
point being stored (Step 6 below) and allows the pro- Step 8: 7XUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRVHWWKH32,17)XQF-
cess to continue if additional points are required. tion to NEW again and continue the process described in
Steps 4 through 8 until up to 15 desired TCG points are
7RPDQXDOO\GHQHD7&*FXUYH entered.
Step 1: Access the NRM/TCG Submenu (located in the
UT Men u) by pressing . 3.6.5 Editing TCG Points
Step 2: Start the recording process by pressing (two
$IWHUFUHDWLQJD7&*&XUYHPRGLFDWLRQVFDQEHPDGH
times) next to RECORD so that POINT 1 appears.
to the amplitude or time-based position of existing points.
Step 3: Access the TCG EDIT Submenu. In addition, more points (up to a total of 15) can be added
to the existing TCG using the TCG EDIT Submenu.
Step 4: Press to activate the BEAM CURSOR
Function and set its value to a single beam, or turn in to
one of its extremes to select all beams in the SCAN (see
Figure 3-10).

),*85(7&*SRLQWVFDQEHPDQXDOO\LQVHUWHGWRFUHDWHDQHZ7&*FXUYHRUWRDGGQHZSRLQWVWRDQH[LVWLQJ
curve. Note that TCG data can be stored or edited for one beam at a time or for ALL beams in a scan by adjusting the
BEAM CURSOR Function.

Page 42 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 3. Operating in Phased Array Mode

To modify an existing TCG: POINT POS.Modify (or input for NEW points) the
time position of a TCG point. As exiting points are
Step 1: Press below TCG EDIT Submenu (located
selected with the POINT Function, their present
in the UT Menu).
time-based position will be displayed. Simply press
Step 2: Four functions are available to allow for curve next to the POINT POS. Function and turn the
PRGLFDWLRQ )XQFWLRQ.QREWRDOWHUWKLVYDOXH:KHQD1(:
point is selected, the POINT POS. Function will be
 %($0&85625Select the beam (angular posi-
LQLWLDOO\VHWWREXWFDQEHPRGLHGLQWKHVDPH
tion in sector-scan mode or shot number in linear-
way. Note that an existing point can be deleted (re-
scan mode) to be edited. Note that edits can be
moved from the curve) by changing the value of its
made beam-by-beam or to all beams at once. To
POINT POS. to 0.
edit all beams at once, set the BEAM CURSOR
Function at either of its extreme positions. This con- POINT GAINModify (or input for NEW points) the
dition, shown in Figure 3-10, will cause all available time position of a TCG point. As exiting points are
beams (such as 1 through 57, if the scan includes a selected with the POINT Function, their present gain
total of 57 beams) to be listed. level will be displayed. Simply press next to the
32,17*$,1)XQFWLRQDQGWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
POINTSelect the existing point to modify (alter
to alter this value. When a NEW point is selected,
the applied gain or time-based position) or set to
the POINT GAIN Function will be initially set to 0,
NEW to enter an additional point. Points can also
EXWFDQEHPRGLHGLQWKHVDPHZD\
be entered to create a new curve (when no curve is
present). Note that the total number of points (either
NOTE: Edited or newly input time or gain values will
acquired or inputted) can not exceed 15.
take effect only after the BEAM or POINT value is
changed.

NOTE: Once recorded, TCG points can be edited or

the entire curve they make up can be deleted. A stored
curve must be deleted before another curve can be
created. To delete the stored TCG curve, press (two
times) that appears next to the DELETE CURVE
Function in the NRM/TCG Submenu.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 43

 4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

When operating in conventional ultrasonic mode, the  ,QVWDOODFRQYHQWLRQDOSUREHDQGFRQJXUHWKH3XO-

LQVWUXPHQWSURYLGHVXOWUDVRQLFDZGHWHFWLRQDQGWKLFN-
ness measurement. In this mode, it is capable of storing
A-Scans, operating parameters, and reports. This chapter
of your manual will help you become more familiar with
the menus and functions of the conventional (non-phased
array) system.
After reviewing this chapter, youll be able to
 6XSSO\SRZHUWRWKHLQVWUXPHQWSection 4.1)
 3RZHUXSWKHLQVWUXPHQWSection 4.2)
 8QGHUVWDQGWKHIXQFWLRQRIHDFKNH\RQWKHNH\SDG
(Section 4.3)
 $FFHVVHDFKFRQYHQWLRQDOPRGHIXQFWLRQXVLQJWKH
built-in menu system (Section 4.4)
 ,QWHUSUHWWKHV\PEROVWKDWPRVWRIWHQDSSHDURQWKH
display (Section 4.5)
 6HWXSWKHLQVWUXPHQWVGLVSOD\DQGEDVLFRSHUDWLQJ
features (Section 4.6)
sar/Receiver to match the probe type (Section 4.7)
 $GMXVWWKH$6FDQGLVSOD\VFUHHQVDSSHDUDQFH
(Section 4.8)
 &DOLEUDWHWKHLQVWUXPHQWSection 4.9)
4.1 Supplying Power
The instrument operates on a Lithium battery pack located
in the rear of its housing, or by using the power adapter
(Figure 4-1). To remove the battery compartment cover,
UVWUHPRYHWKHIRXUWKXPEVFUHZV7KHVWDQGDUG/LWKLXP
battery pack will provide maximum operating life between
charging.
NOTE: Only the dedicated GEIT Lithium battery pack
should be used. Only this pack can be charged while
installed in the instrument.

FIGURE 4-1Installation of standard Lithium battery pack. Note the location of the Power Adapter Port and Lithium
battery pack on-board charging port.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 44

4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays
NOTE: To ensure that the battery pack is fully re-
charged, the battery charger must be attached to the
battery pack before it is plugged into an AC power
source.
The approximate level of remaining battery life is visu-
ally displayed by the icon. The location of this icon is
shown in Figure 4-2. When a fully charged battery pack
is installed, the icon will appear as full. As the battery
life is consumed, the icon will begin to empty.
NOTE: When the battery indicator is in the last quar-
ter as indicated by the symbol , charge the battery
pack as soon as possible. The instrument automati-
cally shuts off when batteries are too weak for reliable
 &KDQJHWKHYDOXHOLVWHGLQWKHIXQFWLRQER[ZLWKWKH
function knob. Some values can also be adjusted
with repeated presses of the function key.
<RXOODOVRQGWKHVHNH\VDQGNQREVRQWKHLQVWUXPHQW
Mode Selector Key press to choose from Phased
Array or Conventional Ultrasonic Operating Modes
Home Key immediately returns the instrument to the
Home Menu list as shown in Figure 4-3.
Gain Step Key selects the amount of gain level
FKDQJH WKDW RFFXUV ZLWK HDFK FOLFN RI WKH *DLQ .QRE
Press and hold to switch between digital (dBD) and ana-
log (dBA) gain.
Zoom Key expands the displayed image (A, Sector,
operation. Settings are saved and restored when the
instrument is turned on again. When testing in remote
locations, always carry a spare battery pack.
NOTE: By connecting the optional Power Adapter, the
instrument can be operated using an AC power source.
This adapter is connected to the instrument though the
Power Adapter Port shown in Figure 4-1.
4.2 Powering On and Off the Instrument
Press to power the instrument on and off. To select
an operating mode, choose from:
Phased Array ModeAdjust all parameters related to
phased-array measurement (see Chapter 1)
Conventional ModeAdjust all parameters related to
conventional ultrasonic measurement
See Section 1.6 to set the mode in which the instrument
starts up.
4.3 Keypad and Knob Features
The instrument is designed to give the user quick access
to all of the instruments functions. Its easy-to-use menu
system allows any function to be accessed with no more
than three key presses (Figures 4-2). To access any
function:
 3UHVVRQHRIWKHVHYHQPHQXNH\V to select a
menu. The menus across the bottom of the display
will immediately be replaced with the submenus
contained in the selected menu.
 3UHVVDPHQXNH\ again to select the submenu
containing the desired function.
 8SWRIRXUIXQFWLRQVZLOOEHGLVSOD\HGLQWKHIXQFWLRQ
bar on the left side of the display. Select the desired
function, by pressing one of the four function keys
.
Page 45
RU/LQHDU6FDQWROOWKHHQWLUHVFUHHQ3UHVVDJDLQWR
return to normal view mode.
Freeze Key freezes the A-Scan display. Press and
hold for 3 seconds to generate a report (Section 3.4).
Power Key turns the instrument on and off.
Function Rotary Knob Rotate to change the value
of the selected function.
Gain Rotary Knob Rotate to change the instruments
gain.
Knob Emulator Key switches from the Home Menu
WR WKH .QRE 0HQX ZKLFK DOORZV \RX WR SHUIRUP .QRE
functions using the keypad.
4.4 Home Menu and Functions
The menu system allows the operator to select and adjust
various features and instrument settings. It includes:
Conventional operation Home MenuSeveral menus
XVHGWRFRQJXUHDQGFDOLEUDWHWKHLQVWUXPHQWSULRUWRWHVW
Also used to select pulser and receiver characteristics,
position gates, set alarms, specify operating mode and
screen appearance, adjust the A-Scan display, and control
RWKHUVLJQLFDQWPHDVXUHPHQWIHDWXUHV
NOTE: )LJXUH3 shows the instruments Home Menu
structure. The information provided in the following two
manual sections explains what each function does and
shows how to access the function through the menu
V\VWHP<RXOODOVRQGRSHUDWLRQPDQXDOVHFWLRQUHI
erences that tell you where to turn in this manual for
PRUHVSHFLFLQIRUPDWLRQRQHDFKIXQFWLRQ
The Home Menu System consists of several menus,
submenus, and functions.
 ,IQRWGLVSOD\HGFRQYHQWLRQDOPRGHLVDFFHVVHG
by pressing .
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

FIGURE 4-2Some of the keypad and knob functions are shown here.

FIGURE 4-3These conventional menus, submenus, and functions are accessed through the Home Menu.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 46

4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays
 $YDLODEOHPHQXVDUHDFFHVVHGYLDWKHHome Menu
(Figure 4-3).
 (DFKPHQXFRQWDLQVVHYHUDOVXEPHQXV
 0HQXVDQGVXEPHQXVDUHVHOHFWHGE\SUHVVLQJ
below the desired item.
 :KHQDVXEPHQXLVVHOHFWHGWKHIXQFWLRQVFRQ-
tained in that submenu are listed in the Function Bar
down the left-hand side of the display screen.
 )XQFWLRQVDUHWKHQVHOHFWHGE\SUHVVLQJWKHDGMD-
cent Function Key . REGIONAL Submenu (Refer to Section 4.6.1)
 7XUQLQJWKHFunction Knob, and in some cases con-
tinuing to press , will change the value shown in
the selected functions box. In some cases, pressing
and holding will set the functions value to zero.
Note that some functions, like RANGE, have both coarse
DQGQHDGMXVWPHQWPRGHV&RDUVHDQGQHPRGHVDUH
selected by pressing more than once. When the func-
tion name, such as RANGE, appears in all capital letters,
turning the function knob will produce large changes in
the selected functions value. When the function name
appears in all lower-case letters, turning the function knob
will change the value by smaller amounts. Functions with
FRDUVHDQGQHDGMXVWPHQWFDSDELOLWLHVDUHQRWHGZLWKDQ
* in Figure 4-3.
BASIC Menu
RANGE Submenu
 RANGEAdjusts the range of the display screen from .040 to 1100
in steel. (Refer to Section 4.8.1)
 352%('(/$<Represents the time delay caused by sound-wave
travel through a probes wearplate, membrane, delay line, or wedge.
(Refer to Section 4.9.2)
 9(/2&,7<Displays the velocity for the selected material and al-
lows the user to input a velocity. (Refer to Section 4.9.2)
 ',63/$<'(/$<Shifts the A-Scan viewing window to the left or
right. (Refer to Section 4.8.2)
PULSER Submenu
 92/7$*(Sets pulser voltage level (Refer to Section 4.7.5)
 (1(5*<Sets energy level of pulse (Refer to Section 4.7.5)
 DAMPINGAdjusts the damping level to match the installed probe.
(Refer to Section 4.7.2)
RECEIVER Submenu
 )5(48(1&<Selects the bandwidth of the instrument. (Refer to
Section 4.7.2)
 5(&7,)<6HOHFWVWKHUHFWLFDWLRQPRGHZKLFKHIIHFWVKRZWKH
A-Scan appears on the display. (Refer to Section 4.7.4)
 '8$/,GHQWLHVZKHWKHUDVLQJOHHOHPHQWSUREHRUDGXDOHOHPHQW
probe is installed (Refer to Section 4.7.2)
 REJECTDetermines what percentage of the A-Scan height is
displayed at 0% full screen height. (Refer to Section 4.7.6)
PRF Submenu
 PRF MODESelects the mode by which the Pulse Repetition Fre-
quency is determined. (Refer to Section 4.7.4)
 35)9$/8(Displays and/or allows adjustment of the Pulse Repeti-
tion Frequency. (Refer to Section 4.7.3)
 86(5*$,167(3Specify a gain value to appear in the Test
Menus dB Step selections. (Refer to Section 5.6.2)
DISPLAY Submenu (Refer to Section 4.6.2)
 &2/25Changes the colors of the display
 GRIDSelects the display screens grid markings.
 $6&$1&2/25Adjusts the color of the A-Scan
 %5,*+71(66Adjusts the displays brightness
 /$1*8$*(Sets the language displayed on the instruments
screen
 81,76Sets displayed units to inch or millimeter
 '(&,0$/Selects a comma or period to represent a decimal point
 DATE FORMATSets the format of the displayed date
STARTUP Submenu (Refer to Section 4.6.1)
 67$578302'(Indicates if instrument is to start in the last
active mode or at the Welcome Screen (Refer to Section 1.6)
 DATESets the displayed date (Refer to Section 2.1)
 TIMESets the displayed time (Refer to Section 2.1)
GATES Menu
POSITION Submenu (Refer to Section 5.1.1)
 *$7(6(/(&7Select from A or B gates
 GATE STARTSets the beginning position of the selected gate on
the A-Scan.
 GATE WIDTHSets the width of the selected gate on the A-Scan.
 *$7(7+5(6+2/'Sets the height of the selected gate.
MODE Submenu
 *$7(6(/(&7Select from A or B gates (Refer to Section 5.1.2)
 /2*,&Determines whether the gate alarm is triggered when a signal
crosses the gate or does not cross the gate. (Refer to Section 5.1.3)
 TOF MODE,QGLFDWHVZKHWKHUDQ$6FDQHFKRVDQNRUSHDNLV
evaluated by the gate. (Refer to Section 5.1.2)
 2873876(/(&7Set alarm light and output to indicate when one
or both gates are triggered (Refer to Section 5.1.3)
RESULTS Submenu (Refer to Section 5.3)
 5($',1*7+528*+5($',1*Selects the measurement
displayed in each of the four Reading Boxes. (Refer to Section 5.3)
TRIG Submenu (Refer to Section 5.2)
 352%($1*/(Input the angle of a connected angle beam probe.
 THICKNESSSets the test-piece material thickness for angle-beam
measurements.
 ;9$/8(,QSXWWKHVSHFLHGYDOXHIURPWKHDQJOHEHDPSUREHV%,3
to front edge.
 &2/25/(*,QGLFDWHVLQZKLFKOHJDUHHFWRULVORFDWHG8VHGZLWK
angle beam probes.)
DGS Menu
SETUP Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13)
 DGS MODEDisplays the stored DGS curve
 '*6&859(Positions the stored DGS curve to represent a user-
GHQHGDZVL]H
 352%(Designation for built-in probe options (set to 0 for user-
GHQHGSUREH
 352%(1$0(Name of built-in probe options (set to 0 for user-de-
QHGSUREH

Page 47 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

DGS PROB Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13) READING Submenu (Refer to Section 4.9.2)
 352%(1$0(Name of built-in probe options (set to 0 for user-  9(/2&,7<Displays the instruments default velocity for the spec-
GHQHGSUREH LHGPDWHULDOW\SHDVZHOODVWKHFDOFXODWHGYHORFLW\DIWHUFDOLEUDWLRQ
 ;7$/)5(48(1&<Frequency of selected probe
 EFF DIAMETERDiameter of selected probe
 '(/$<9(/2&,7<Delay line velocity of selected probe
REF ECHO Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13)
 GATE A STARTSets A-Gate starting point
 5()(5(1&(7<3(6HOHFW'*6UHIHUHQFHUHHFWRUW\SH
 5()6,=(6HWVL]HRI'*6UHIHUHQFHUHHFWRU
 RECORD REF5HFRUGUHIHUHQFHUHHFWRUIURPZKLFK'*6FXUYHLV
built
REF CORR Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13)
 REF ATTENInput sound attenuation of DGS reference material
 $03/&255(&7,QSXWVSHFLHGDQJOHEHDPSUREHFRUUHFWLRQ
value
 '(/(7(5()Delete stored DGS reference and corresponding
curve
MAT ATTN Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13)
 TEST ATTENInput sound attenuation of test material
 TRANSFER CORRdB compensation for differences between stan-
dard and test coupling
OFFSETS Submenu (Refer to Section 5.13)
 OFFSET 1'LVSOD\VDOLQHDWD[HGJDLQRIIVHWIURPWKH'*6FXUYH
 OFFSET 2'LVSOD\VDOLQHDWD[HGJDLQRIIVHWIURPWKH'*6FXUYH
 OFFSET 3'LVSOD\VDOLQHDWD[HGJDLQRIIVHWIURPWKH'*6FXUYH
 OFFSET 4'LVSOD\VDOLQHDWD[HGJDLQRIIVHWIURPWKH'*6FXUYH
AUTOCAL Menu
SETUP Submenu (Refer to Section 4.9.2)
 GATE A STARTShifts the starting point of the A-Gate to the left
and right.
 65()User-input thickness value of the thinner calibration standard.
 65()User-input thickness value of the thicker calibration stan-
dard.
 RECORD,GHQWLHVDQGSURJUHVVHVWKURXJKHDFKVWDJHRIWKH
calibration procedure.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 352%('(/$<Adjustment made as a result of the zeroing pro-
cedure. This represents the time delay caused by sound-wave travel
through a probes wearplate, membrane, delay line, or wedge (plastic).
FILES Menu
FILENAME Submenu (Refer to Sections 6.1 and 6.6)
 ),/(1$0(6HOHFWVWRUHGOHVRULQSXWQHZGDWDVHWRUUHSRUW
name.
 6285&('(67Indicates the device to or from which data is sent.
 $&7,215HFDOOVRUGHOHWHVWKHVHOHFWHGOHDQGVDYHVHGLWVWR
data sets and reports.
 (17(5&DXVHVVSHFLHG$&7,21WRRFFXU
HEADER Submenu (Refer to Section 6.5)
 +($'(5180%(5Selects the Header Line to edit.
 (',7Set to YES to allow editing of the selected Header Line.
 +'5,15(3257Determines if the header will be included in the
generated report.
MEMO Submenu (Refer to Section 6.4)
 (',7Allows editing / creation of the Memo.
 0(02,15(3257Determines if the memo will be included in the
generated report.
REPORT Submenu (Refer to Section 6.6)
 IMAGE IN REPORTDetermines if the displayed Scan(s) will be
included in the generated report.
 PARAM IN REPORTDetermines if instrument settings will be
listed in the generated report.
4.5 Display Screen Features
(Conventional)
The instruments display is designed to be easy to inter-
pret. In Figure 4-4\RXOOQGDQH[DPSOHRIWKHDGLVSOD\
FRQJXUDWLRQ7KLV VSHFLF GLVSOD\ LQFOXGHV WKH %$6,&
PHQX EDU DQG ',63/$< VXEPHQX 5HIHU WR WKLV JXUH
for an explanation of those screen features youll most
often encounter.
Page 48
4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

FIGURE 4-4Display Screen Features

'HQLWLRQRI'LVSOD\Icons

There are several graphical features (icons) which ap-

pear in the display screens icon bar for various reasons.
Figure 4-5 includes several of these icons along with an
H[SODQDWLRQRIWKHLUVLJQLFDQFH

4.6 Initial Instrument Setup

,QWKLVSDUWRIWKHPDQXDO\RXOOOHDUQKRZWRFRQJXUHWKH
instruments display and operating features. Follow these
procedures to turn it on and make initial adjustments to
the instrument control settings. Because the instrument
can be set to save the control settings when its turned off
and restore them when its turned on, you wont have to
repeat these adjustments unless a change is required. FIGURE 4-5These icons appear on the display at
various times.
Turn on the instrument by pressing . First press to
select Conventional Mode. The Home Menu will be acti-
vated. This menus structure was shown in Figure 4-3. Ac-
tivate the Basic Menu by pressing below it. Some sub-
menus and functions from the Basic Menu are shown in
Figure 4-6.

Page 49 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

FIGURE 4-6The Basic Menu allows the user to adjust most of the instruments display and operating features.
Setting the Date and Time Formats (BASIC-
 /DQJXDJH8QLWVRI0HDVXUHPHQW REGIONAL-DATE FORMAT)
Date, and Time
Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL submenu (located in the
Use the procedures below to adjust the unit of measure- BASIC Menu) by pressing below it.
ment, the date, the time, and the language that appears
on the instruments display screens and data output. The Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DATE FOR-
adjustments will require access to the REGIONAL and MAT. To change the selected format, continue pressing
STARTUP Submenus. These are accessed from the or turn the function knob. Choose from the following
BASIC Menu (shown in Figure 4-6). date and time formats:
Y-M-D (12 or 24 hour time format)
Setting the Operating Language
(BASIC-REGIONAL-LANGUAGE) M/D/Y (12 or 24 hour time format)

Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Four functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled LANGUAGE.
To change the selected language, continue pressing
or turn the function knob. Youll note that the options
available are English, German, French, Spanish, Italian,
Japanese and Chinese. The default language is
English.
Step 3: The display-screen and report language will be
set to the choice last selected.
D.M.Y (12 or 24 hour time format)
Step 3: The date and time formats shown on the display-
screen and in outputted reports will be set to the choice
last selected.
Setting the Date (BASIC-STARTUP-DATE)
Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 50

4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DATE. The
date is displayed to show the Day, Month, and Year. Note
WKDW WKH UVW WLPH \RX SUHVV , the day character is
highlighted. The next time you press , the month
character is highlighted. Finally, pressing again
will cause the year character to be highlighted.
Step 3: To change the month, days, or year, turn the
function knob while the desired character is highlighted.
Step 4: When complete, press one more time. The
current date will be set to the date displayed.
Setting the Time (BASIC-STARTUP-TIME)
Step 1: Activate the STARTUP Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled TIME. Time is
GLVSOD\HGLQRUKRXUIRUPDW1RWHWKDWWKHUVWWLPH
you press , the hours character is highlighted. The next
time you press , the minutes character is highlighted.
Step 3: To change the hours or minutes setting, turn the
function knob while the desired character is highlighted.
Step 4: When complete, press one more time. The
current time will be set to the time displayed.
NOTE: Once set, the internal clock will maintain the
current date and time.
Setting the Units of Measurement
(BASIC-REGIONAL-UNITS)
Step 1: Activate the REGIONAL Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will ap-
pear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled UNITS. Youll
note that the following options are available:
 mmdefault setting which displays values in mil-
limeters
 INCH displays values in inches
Step 3: To change the units of measurement, continue
pressing or turn the function knob.
Step 4: The unit of measurement will be set to the choice
last displayed.
Page 51
4.6.2 Display Appearance
Use the procedures in this section to adjust display ap-
pearance. The adjustments will require access to the
DISPLAY submenu, which is accessed from the BASIC
Menu (shown in Figure 4-6).
Setting the Display Brightness
(BASIC-DISPLAY-BRIGHTNES)
Step 1: Activate the DISPLAY Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled BRIGHT-
NESS. Settings range from 1 to 10.
Step 3: To change the brightness level, continue pressing
or turn the function knob.
Step 4: The display brightness will remain at the level last
displayed.
Selecting a Display Grid
(BASIC-DISPLAY-GRID)
Step 1: Activate the DISPLAY Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled GRID.
Step 3: To change the grid type, continue pressing
or turn the function knob. Each grid style is shown in the
display screens A-Scan window as it is selected.
Step 4: The grid style will be set to the last one displayed.
Setting the Display Color
(BASIC-DISPLAY-COLOR)
Step 1: Activate the DISPLAY Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled
COLOR. There are four preset color schemes.
Step 3: To change the displays color scheme, continue
pressing or turn the function knob.
Step 4: The display color will remain at the scheme last
displayed.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays
Setting the A-Scan Color
(BASIC-DISPLAY-ASCAN COLOR)
Step 1: Activate the DISPLAY Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will
appear down the left side of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled ASCAN
COLOR. There are six A-Scan color options.
Step 3: To change the A-Scans color, continue pressing
or turn the function knob.
Step 4: The A-Scan echo will remain the color last
displayed.
4.7 Installing a Conventional Probe
4.7.1 Connecting a Conventional Probe
When connecting a conventional probe to the instrument,
its not only important that the probes physical connection
be properly made. Its also important that the instrument is
SURSHUO\FRQJXUHGWRZRUNZLWKWKHLQVWDOOHGSUREH7KH
instrument will operate in conventional mode with a single-
element probe or with a dual-element probe.
To install a single-element probe, connect the probe cable
to either of the two ports on the side of the instrument
(Figure 4-7). When a dual-element probe is connected to
the instrument, the RECEIVE probe connector should
be installed in the top port and the TRANSMIT probe
connector in the bottom port.
FIGURE 4-7Probe Attachment
Locations
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
4.7.2 CRQJXULQJWKH,QVWUXPHQWWR
Match the Probe Type
Three instrument settings are directly dependent on the
type of probe installed. These settings must be adjusted
any time a probe of a different type is installed.
Selecting Probe Type
(BASIC-RECEIVER-DUAL)
Step 1: Activate the RECEIVER Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DUAL.
Step 3: To change the probe type, continue pressing
or turn the function knob. Each available probe type is rep-
resented by an icon thats displayed in the Icon Bar (near
the upper left corner of the display) whenever that probe
type is indicated. The following types are available:
 21)RUGXDOHOHPHQWSUREHV will be
displayed)
 2)))RUVLQJOHHOHPHQWSUREHV will be
displayed)
Step 4: The probe type will be set to the last one
displayed.
Page 52
4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

6SHFLI\LQJWKH3UREH)UHTXHQF\ Step 4: The damping level will be set to the one last
(BASIC-RECEIVER-FREQUENCY) displayed.
Step 1: Activate the RECEIVER Submenu (located in the
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. 4.7.3 Adjusting the Pulser Repetition
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled
Frequency (PRF)
FREQUENCY.
7KH3XOVHUUHVDWDIUHTXHQF\ZKLFKFDQHLWKHUEHVHW
Step 3: To change the specified frequency, continue automatically or manually. To set the PRF mode and
pressing or turn the function knob. Youll note that the frequency level
following frequency settings are available:
Step 1: Activate the BASIC Menu (located in the HOME
 0+]Set to match conven- Menu) by pressing below it.
tional probe frequencies
Step 2: Select the PRF Submenu by pressing below it.
 %52$'%$1'Select to utilize a built-in broad- Two functions will appear down the left side of the display
EDQG%%OWHU screen.
Step 3: The probe frequency level will be set to the last Step 3: Press next to the function titled PRF MODE.
one displayed. Youll note that there are two options:
 $8727KHLQVWUXPHQWFDOFXODWHVDQGVHWVDSXOVHU
Modifying the Signal Ratio to Noise by
ULQJUDWHDWRIWKHPD[LPXPIUHTXHQF\SRV-
Changing the Damping Level sible based on range and material velocity.
(BASIC-PULSER-DAMPING)
 0$18$/$OORZVWKHXVHUWRVHWWKHSXOVHUIUH-
Step 1: Activate the PULSER Submenu (located in the quency. Unacceptable PRF settings will cause a
BASIC Menu) by pressing below it. display prompt to appear.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DAMPING. Step 4: To manually set the Pulser Repetition Frequency,
or to view the automatically calculated frequency, press
Step 3:7RFKDQJHWKHVSHFLHGGDPSLQJOHYHODQGRSWL-
next to the function titled PRF VALUE. The automati-
mize the A-Scan signal appearance, continue pressing
cally calculated value (if PRF MODE is set to AUTO) will
or turn the function knob. Youll note that the following
be displayed in the function box. If PRF MODE is set to
damping levels are available:
MANUAL, you must now adjust the PRF VALUE by turn-
 RU: (see Figure 4-8) ing the function knob.

FIGURE 4-8Typical
Effects of Damping
Changes

Page 53 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays
NOTE: The PRF VALUE setting may be auto-
matically limited based on the user-selected pulser
voltage setting. This feature acts to limit signal
dissipation.
4.7.4 Selecting a 5HFWLFDWLRQ0RGH
5HFWLFDWLRQHIIHFWVWKHRULHQWDWLRQRIWKH$VFDQRQWKH
display screen. The A-scan represents the sound pulse
(echo) thats returned from the material being tested to
the instrument. The series of echoes looks like the Radio
Frequency (RF) signal thats shown in Figure 4-9. Note
that the RF signal has a negative component below the
axis, and a positive component above the axis. In RF
mode, the A-gate and B-gate can be positioned either
above or below the axis, to be triggered by a positive-
heading echo or a negative-heading echo.
3RVLWLYH +DOI 5HFWLFDWLRQ means that only the upper
(positive) half of the RF signal is displayed.
Negative Half Rectification means that only the
bottom (negative) half of the RF signal is displayed. In
Figure 4-9, note that even though its the negative half
of the RF signal, its displayed in the same orientation as
a positive component. This is only to simplify viewing.
7KHVLJQDOGLVSOD\HGLQWKHYLHZLGHQWLHGDV1HJDWLYH
Reactance is the negative component of the RF signal.
)XOO:DYH5HFWLFDWLRQ combines the positive and nega-
WLYHUHFWLHGVLJQDOVWRJHWKHUDQGGLVSOD\VERWKRIWKHP
in a positive orientation (Figure 4-9).
Use the following procedure to select a rectification
mode
Step 1: Activate the BASIC Menu (located in the HOME
Menu) by pressing below it.
),*85(5HFWLFDWLRQFRQWUROVKRZPXFKRIWKHUHWXUQHGVRXQGSXOVHDSSHDUVRQWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQ1RWHWKDW
ZKHQ5)UHFWLFDWLRQLVVHOHFWHGWKH$*DWHDQG%*DWHFDQEHSRVLWLRQHGDERYHRUEHORZWKHD[LV
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
Step 2: Select the RECEIVER submenu by pressing
below it. Four functions will appear down the left side of
the diplay screen.
Step 3: Press next to the function titled RECTIFY
(Figure 4-9). Youll note that there are four options:
 1(*+$/):$9(Shows the negative component
of the RF signal but displays it in a positive orienta-
tion
 326+$/):$9(Shows the positive component
of the RF signal
 )8//:$9(Shows the positive and negative
halves of the RF wave, but both are oriented in the
positive direction
 RF6KRZVWKHHFKRZLWKQRUHFWLFDWLRQ
Step 4:6HOHFWWKHUHFWLFDWLRQPHWKRG
4.7.5 Setting the Pulser 9ROWDJHRU
 (QHUJ\/HYHO
7KHUHODWLYHHQHUJ\ZLWKZKLFKWKHSXOVHUUHVLVDGMXVWHG
by changing the ENERGY and VOLTAGE settings. To set
the pulser energy or voltage level:
Step 1: Activate the BASIC Menu (located in the HOME
Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Select the PULSER Submenu by pressing
below it. Functions will appear down the left side of the
display screen.
Step 3: Set the ENERGY level to HIGH or LOW
or press next to the function titled VOLTAGE.
Set a voltage level to HIGH or LOW.
Page 54
4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays
4.7.6 Setting the $6FDQ5(-(&7/HYHO
A portion of the A-Scan can be omitted from the display
VFUHHQ7RRPLWDSRUWLRQRIWKH$6FDQ\RXPXVWGHQH
the percentage of full-screen height you wish to omit. To
set a reject percentage
Step 1: Activate the BASIC Menu (located in the HOME
Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Select the RECEIVER Submenu by pressing
below it. Four functions will appear down the left side of
the display screen.
Step 3: Press next to the function titled REJECT.
Step 4: To change the amount of A-Scan you wish to omit
from the display screen (as a percentage of screen height)
turn the function knob. You may omit A-Scans up to 80%
of the screen height. Whenever REJECT is set to a value
greater then 0%, the will appear in the status bar.
4.8 Adjusting the $6FDQ
(Conventional)
4.8.1 Setting the $6FDQ5DQJH
Calibration requires the use of two calibrated standards,
of different thickness, made of the same material as
the test piece. Prior to calibrating the instrument/probe
combination, the A-Scan display-screen range (the
material thickness value represented by the full horizontal
width of the screen) will normally be set to a value equal
to or slightly larger than the thicker calibrated standard
(Figure 4-10).
Page 55
Setting The A-Scan Range
Step 1: Activate the Home Menu by pressing . Func-
tions will appear down the left side of the display sceen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled RANGE. Youll
note that 5$1*(KDVERWKFRDUVHDQGQHDGMXVWPHQW
PRGHV &RDUVH DQG QH PRGHV DUH VHHFWHG E\ SUHVV-
ing more than once. When RANGE appears in all
capital letters, turning the function knob will produce large
changes in the range value. When range appears in all
lower-case letters, turning the function knob will change
the value by smaller amounts.
Step 3: To change the range turn the function knob. Youll
note that the range can vary from 0.040 to 1100 inches.
Step 4: The displays horizontal range will remain as
set.
4.8.2 Setting the Display Delay
The display delay function shifts the displayed A-Scan to
the left or right. This function is used to set the instruments
viewing window. To set the display delay
Step 1: Activate the Home Menu by pressing . Func-
tions will appear down the left side of the display sreen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled DISPLAY
DELAY.
Step 3: To change the display delay turn the function
knob. Youll note that the displayed echoes shift to the
left or right.
FIGURE 4-10Effect of A-Scan Range
Adjustment
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

 8sing $872&$/WR&DOLEUDWHWKH

4.9 Calibrating the Instrument
Instrument

4.9.1 3UHFDOLEUDWLRQ&KHFN/LVW (Read the following while reviewing )LJXUH1)

To improve the accuracy and quality of your calibration, be
sure that the following conditions are met before launching
the calibration function:
 3UREHLQVWDOOHG
Step 1: From the HOME Menu, activate the AUTOCAL
Menu by pressing below it. The SETUP submenu
will be highlighted and four functions will appear down
the leftside of the display screen.
Step 2: Press next to the selection titled S-REF1 and
 '8$/5(&(,9(5VHWWLQJPXVWPDWFKSUREH
 6HWWKHPDWHULDOW\SHSection 2.4)
 5HFRPPHQGHGWKDW',63/$<'(/$<EHVHWWR
 35)VHWWR$872
 7&*7XUQHG2))
 5HFRPPHQGHGWKDW5(-(&7EHVHWWR
FIGURE 4-11Auto Calibration Procedures
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
turn the function knob until the value of S-REF1 matches
the thickness of the thinner calibration standard.
Step 3: Press next to the selection titled S-REF2 and
turn the function knob until the value of S-REF2 matches
the thickness of the thicker calibration standard.
Step 4: Apply couplant and couple the probe to the thin-
ner calibration standard. Press next to the selection
titled A START. Turn the function knob (this will shift the
starting point of the A-Gate) until the A-Gate lies over the
echo corresponding to the thinner standards thickness
(Figure 4-11).
Page 56
4. Conventional Operation: Menu System, Keypad, and Displays

Step 5: Press next to the selection titled RECORD.

The value in the function box will change from OFF to
S-REF1?. While maintaining the signal in the A-Gate,
press next to RECORD again. The value in the func-
tion box will now read S-REF2?.
Step 6: Apply couplant and couple the probe to the thicker
calibration standard. Press next to the selection titled
A START. Turn the function knob (this will shift the start-
ing point of the A-Gate) until the A-Gate lies over the
echo corresponding to the thicker standards thickness
(Figure 4-11).
Step 7: Press next to the selection titled RE-
CORD. The value in the function box will change from
S-REF2 ? to OFF. The instrument will automatically
calculate the materials velocity and the probe delay.

NOTE: The instruments AUTOCAL Function applies

only to conventional operation, not to phased-array
operation.

Checking Calibration Results

Following the calibration procedure, the calculated acous-

tical velocity and probe delay are displayed. To view these
calculated values:
Step 1: Access the AUTOCAL Menu (located in the
HOME Menu) or RANGE submenu (located in the BASIC
Menu).
Step 2:<RXOOQGWKHVHVHOHFWLRQV
 9(/2&,7<Displays the calculated velocity after
calibration.
 352%('(/$<Adjustment made as a result of
the AUTOCAL (zeroing) procedure. This represents
the time delay caused by sound-wave travel through
a probes membrane, wear plate, or delay line.

Page 57 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

5. Making Conventional Measurements

0DNLQJ&RQYHQWLRQDO0HDVXUHPHQWV

7KLVFKDSWHUH[SODLQVKRZWRFRQJXUH\RXULQVWUXPHQWV  Adjust the instruments gain setting (Section 5.6)

FRQYHQWLDO DZ GHWHFWLRQ DQG WKLFNQHVV PHDVXUHPHQW
 Use the DAC/TCG Functions to normalize A-Scan
capabilities. It then explains how to make conventional
DPSOLWXGHVUHJDUGOHVVRIWKHUHHFWRUVGHSWKV
measurements in CONVENTIONAL MODE. In this chap-
(Section 5-8)
ter, youll learn how to
 Operate in DGS mode (Section 5-13)
 $GMXVWWKH$DQG%*DWHVDODUPVDQGRXWSXWV
(Section 5.1)
5.1 CRQJXULQJWKH$DQG%*DWHV
 &KRRVHD*DWH72)02'(SHDNRUDQNSection
5.1.2)
 6HW2XWSXWVDQG$ODUPVSection 5.1.3)
 &RQJXUHWKHLQVWUXPHQWIRUXVHRIDQJOHEHDP
probes (Section 5.2)
 ,GHQWLI\ZKLFKPHDVXUHGGDWDWRGLVSOD\LQWKHIRXU
RESULTS boxes (Section 5.3)
 Save the instruments settings as a data set
(Section 5.4)
 Lock the instruments gain knob to prevent adjust-
ment (Section 5.5)
FIGURE 5-1The Gates Menu alloZVWKHXVHUWRSRVLWLRQDQGRWKHUZLVHFRQJXUHWKHLQVWUXPHQWVJDWHV
Page 58
Setting the position and characteristics of the A and
%*DWHV LV WKH UVW VWHS WR FRQJXULQJ WKH LQVWUXPHQW
IRU FRQYHQWLRQDO DZ GHWHFWLQJ RU PDWHULDOWKLFNQHVV
measurement. The GATES menu controls not only the
location of the A and B-Gates, but also the alarms and
other features activated when an A-Scan signal crosses
DVSHFLFJDWH
First press and select CONVENTIONAL MODE, then
press . From the Home Menu, activate the Gates
Menu by pressing below it. The submenus and
functions available in the Gates Menu are shown in
Figure 5-1.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

5.1.1 Positioning Gates
Use the following procedures to set the vertical and
horizontal position of the A Gate and B-Gate. The effect
of each gate-positioning function is shown in Figure 5-2.
Remember that gate position has the following effects on
instrument performance:
 $6FDQHFKRVRQWKHULJKWVLGHRIWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQ
represent features that occur at a greater depth
from the test-material surface than those on the left
of the display screen. Therefore, moving a gate to
the right means that the gate is evaluating a deeper
portion of the test material
 $ZLGHUJDWHZLOOVLPSO\VSDQWKHHTXLYDOHQWRIPRUH
test-material depth
5. Making Conventional Measurements
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
SELECT function. The color of function-block values
matches the color of the corresponding gate.
Step 3: Select the GATE START function and adjust the
VWDUWLQJ SRLQW E\ WXUQLQJ WKH )XQFWLRQ .QRE ,QFUHDVLQJ
and decreasing the value of the starting point moves the
gate to the right and left, respectively.
Step 4: The gate starting point will remain as set, even
when width adjustments are made.
Adjusting a Gates Width
(GATES-POSITION-GATE WIDTH)
Step 1: Activate the POSITION Submenu.
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
 ,QFUHDVLQJWKHYHUWLFDOKHLJKWFDOOHGWKUHVKROGRID SELECT function.
JDWHPHDQVWKDWRQO\UHHFWHGVLJQDOVRIVXIFLHQWO\ Step 3: Select the GATE WIDTH function and adjust by
large amplitude will cross the gate WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
Setting a Gates Starting Point
(GATES-POSITION-GATE START)

Step 1: Activate the POSITION Submenu (located in the

GATES Menu).

FIGURE 5-2Gate position and width can be adjusted as shown here.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 59

5. Making Conventional Measurements
Setting a Gates Threshold (Vertical Position)
(GATES-POSITION-GATE THRESHOLD)
Step 1: Activate the POSITION Submenu.
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
SELECT function.
Step 3: Select the GATE THRESHOLD function and
DGMXVWWKHYHUWLFDOKHLJKWE\WXUQLQJWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE
Increasing and decreasing the value of the threshold
moves the gate up and down, respectively.
5.1.2 SelecWLQJWKH72)'HWHFWLRQ
Method
A-Scan signals crossing the A or B-Gate are evaluated
IRUWKHSXUSRVHVRIDZGHWHFWLRQDQGPDWHULDOWKLFNQHVV
evaluation. When the signal crosses the A or B-Gate,
Step 1: Activate the MODE Submenu (located in the
GATES Menu).
Step 2: Select the gate to be positioned using the GATE
SELECT function.
Step 3: Select the TOF MODE function and choose be-
WZHHQ)/$1.DQG3($.PHWKRGV
1RWHWKDWWKHGHWHFWLRQPHWKRGFKRVHQZLOOEHUHHFWHG
by a small icon. This icon is displayed in the display box
containing the measured reading, and in the options
offered in the READING 1 through 4 function boxes
(see )LJXUH5)
5.1.3 Setting Gate Alarms and Outputs
An alarm can be set either or both of the gates. When
a gate alarm is activated, an indication light on the front
of the instrument will illuminate and a signal can be
HLWKHU WKH JDWHFURVVLQJ SRLQW DQN RI WKH VLJQDO RU output.
WKHPD[LPXPSRLQWSHDNRIWKHVLJQDOLQWKHVSHFLF
gate) is used for evaluation purposes. The TOF MODE
function allows the user to specify which A-Scan feature
()/$1.RU3($.LVXVHGWRHYDOXDWHWKHVLJQDOLQHDFK
gate. See Figure 5-3.

FIGURE 5-3Setting Gate Detection Mode

Page 60 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 5. Making Conventional Measurements

'HQLQJGate-Alarm Logic  3UREHV;YDOXHGLVWDQFHIURPWKHSUREHV%HDP

(GATES-MODE-LOGIC)
Each gates alarm can be triggered under one of two cir-
cumstances. Gate alarms can be set to trigger when an
A-Scan echo crosses the gate or when no echo crosses
the gate. Use the following procedure to specify gate
LOGIC settings:
Step 1: Activate the MODE Submenu (in the GATES
Menu).
Step 2: Select the gate whose logic you wish to specify.
Step 3: Select the LOGIC function and choose the gate-
alarm triggering logic:
 326,7,9($Q$6FDQVLJQDOFURVVHVWKHJDWH
 1(*$7,9(1R$6FDQVLJQDOFURVVHVWKHJDWH
 2))1RDODUPZLOOEHFRQQHFWHGWRWKHVHOHFWHG
gate
Index Point (BIP) to the front edge of its wedge.)
 7HVWSLHFHWKLFNQHVV
5. 6HWWLQJ$QJOH%HDP3UREH
Characteristics
7R FRQJXUH WKH LQVWUXPHQW IRU DQ DQJOHEHDP SUREH
follow this procedure
Step 1: Activate the TRIG Submenu located in the GATES
menu.
Step 2: Select the PROBE ANGLE function and input the
angle for the probe youve installed.
Step 3: Select the 7+,&.1(66 IXQFWLRQ DQG LQSXW WKH
thickness of the test piece.

Assigning Outputs / Alarm Indication Lights to

Gates (GATES-MODE-OUTPUT SELECT)

A warning light appears on the front of the instrument (see

Figure 4-2 for light location). This light corresponds to an
OUTPUT, which is in-turn assigned to a gate alarm. When
an alarm is triggered, a warning light illuminates (except
when the Gate LOGIC is set to OFF). Use the following
procedure to indicate which gate activates the light:
Step 1: Activate the MODE Submenu (in the GATES
Menu).
Step 2: Select the OUTPUT SELECT Function.
Step 3: Choose one of the following selections:
 $*$7($ODUPOLJKWLQGLFDWHVZKHQ$*DWHV
alarm triggers
 %*$7($ODUPOLJKWLQGLFDWHVZKHQ%*DWHV
alarm triggers
 $RU%$ODUPOLJKWLQGLFDWHVZKHQHLWKHU$RU%
Gates alarm triggers
 2))$ODUPLQGLFDWLRQOLJKWZLOOQRWIXQFWLRQ

 8VLng AnJOH%HDP3UREHVDQG

the TRIG Menu
When connecting an angle beam probe to the instrument,
adjustments must be made for probe characteristics as
well as test-piece geometry. These features are shown
in Figure 5-4 and include
 3UREH$QJOH FIGURE 5-4Angle Beam Flaw Detection

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 61

5. Making Conventional Measurements
Step 4: Select the X VALUE function and input the user-
determined X value for the probe. When desired, this
compensates for the distance from the BIP to the front of
the probes wedge.
5.2.2 Indicating/HJZLWK&RORU
7KH OHJ LQ ZKLFK D UHHFWRU LV HQFRXQWHUHG DV LGHQWL-
fied in Figure 5-4, can be visually indicated on the
instrument display using color. Setting the COLOR LEG
function (located in the TRIG submenu of the GATES
menu) to ON will cause each ultrasonic leg to be displayed
in a unique color.
5.3 Displaying Measured Results
The instrument is capable of displaying up to four
measured readings at one time. The displayed read-
ings are selected using the RESULTS Submenu
located in the GATES Menu. Parameters available for
display include the following (availability depends on
 SBSound-Path distance or duration represented
by the highest echo to cross B-Gate
 SBASound-Path distance or duration from the
highest echo in A-Gate to the echo in B-Gate. Read-
ing is only available if B-Gate and A-Gate are on.
 DAMaterial-thickness depth from the test-
piece surface (the probe-contacted side) to the
UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHHFKRLQ$*DWHVHH
Figure 5-4)
 PAProjection distance from the probes BIP to the
UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHHFKRLQ$*DWHVHH
Figure 5-4)
 RAProjection distance from the probes BIP to the
UHHFWRUUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHHFKRLQ$*DWHminus
the inputted X-VALUE. (see Figure 5-4)
 A%cAAmplitude of the signal crossing the A-Gate
as a percentage of the corresponding DGS curve
amplitude.
LQVWUXPHQWFRQJXUDWLRQDQGRSHUDWLQJPRGH  dBcAdB equivalent height difference between the
signal crossing A-Gate and the corresponding DGS
 A%AAmplitude (as a % of full-screen height) of curve height.
the highest echo falling within the width of A-Gate
 A%BAmplitude (as a % of full-screen height) of
the highest echo falling within the width of B-Gate
Note that when S, D, P, or R readings are displayed,
the Gate-Detection Mode (5.1.2) setting for the refer-
enced gate (A or B) is indicated by a ^ (Peak Mode)
or a / (Flank Mode).
 SASound-Path distance or duration represented
by the highest echo to cross A-Gate
Page 62
 (56(YDOXDWHVWKHUHHFWHGHFKR'*60RGH
DQGFDOFXODWHVWKH(TXLYDOHQW5HHFWRU6L]H
 GtDGS test gain, which initializes the DGS
curves max height at 80% FSH.
 GrDGS reference gain, which represents the
instrument gain at which the reference echos peak
reaches 80% FSH.
 2))1RUHDGLQJZLOOEHGLVSOD\HGLQWKHUHDGLQJ
box.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

The four measured readings can be displayed in any
of the four small reading boxes at the top of the display
screen. In addition, the result displayed in one of the
four small boxes can be shown in the large reading box
(see Figure 5-5). Also note that when time or thickness
readings are displayed, the detection method selected
5. Making Conventional Measurements
5.4 Saving the Instrument
ConJXration in a Data Set
Instrument settings can be stored as Data Sets. Those
functional settings that are saved within a data set are
shown in Table 6.1. When a stored data set is later
for that gate is indicated with a ^UHSUHVHQWLQJ3($. recalled, all active functional settings are replaced with
or UHSUHVHQWLQJ)/$1.6HH5.1.2 to select detection
methods.
NOTE: Under certain conditions, while TCG reference
points are being recorded, two measurement results
ER[HVZLOOEHDXWRPDWLFDOO\VHWLIQRWDOUHDG\FRQJ-
ured) to display SA and A%A values. These result
selections will remain locked until the TCG recording
SURFHVVLVQLVKHG
FIGURE 5-5The RESULTS submenu is used to specify which measured values to display.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
those settings contained in the data set, and the stored
A-Scan (if stored with data set) is displayed and frozen
on the display screen. Once a data set is recalled, the
QHZO\DFWLYHIXQFWLRQDOVHWWLQJVPD\EHPRGLHG$Q\WLPH
that data set is recalled, the functional settings will be
returned to their initially stored values. The operating
SDUDPHWHUVRIDVWRUHGUHFDOOHGGDWDVHWFDQEHPRGLHG
by making the necessary changes after recalling, then
selecting STORE DATASET under the ACTION function
DQGDFWLYDWLQJWKHQFRQUPLQJWKHFKDQJHV
See Section 6.1.1WRFUHDWHDGDWDVHWOH
Page 63
5. Making Conventional Measurements

5.5 /RFNLQJWKHGain Rotary Knob LQFOXGLQJ D XVHUVSHFLHG JDLQ VWHS NQRZQ DV 86(5
*$,167(37RLQSXWDXVHUVSHFLHGJDLQVWHS
The gain knob can be locked so that turning it has no ef- Step 1: Activate the PRF Submenu (located in the BASIC
fect on the instrument. Menu) by pressing below it. Functions will appear
Step 1: Continue pressing while observing that the down the left side of the display screen.
value of dB STEP (in the upper left-hand corner of the Step 2: Press next to the selection titled USER GAIN
display) changes to various gain increment values. When STEP.
WKHZRUG/2&.DSSHDUVDVWKHG%67(3YDOXHWKHJDLQ
knob is locked. Step 3: To set the USER GAIN STEP size, continue
pressing or turn the function knob.
Step 2: To unlock the knob, change the setting of dB STEP
WRVRPHYDOXHRWKHUWKDQ/2&.
5.7 FrHH]LQJWKH$6FDQ'LVSOD\
5.6 Setting the Gain Whenever an A-Scan is active, pressing the freeze
Instrument gain, which increases and decreases the key ( ) freezes the A-Scan display. The active A-Scan
height of a displayed A-Scan, is adjusted with the Gain will remain as it appeared when was pressed and the
.QRE7KHLQVWUXPHQWVJDLQFDQEHDGMXVWHGZKLOHLQDQ\ display will remain frozen until is pressed again.
menu location except when the dB STEP feature is set
WR/2&. While the display is frozen, the displayed readings are
based on the frozen echoes.
5.6.1 ChanginJWKH*DLQ$GMXVWPHQW
5.8 '$&7&*
Increment (G%67(3
When adjusting the A-Scan gain, each click of the gain-
adjustment knob increases or decreases the gain level by
a dB increment equal to the dB STEP. Several values can
EHVSHFLHGIRUG%67(3LQFOXGLQJDXVHUVSHFLHGJDLQ
step, known as the USER GAIN STEP, and a Gain knob
DGMXVWPHQW/2&.ZKLFKSUHYHQWVDQ\JDLQDGMXVWPHQW
To select one of the existing dB STEP values:
Step 1: Press . $6FDQDPSOLWXGHVUHJDUGOHVVRIWKHUHHFWRUVGHSWKLQ
Step 2: Note that the dB STEP (gain-adjustment incre-
ment) value, as labeled in Figure 4-4, changes as you
continue to push . Available increments include: 0.2
G%G%G%G%G%DXVHUGHQHG*DLQ6WHS
Conventional measurements can be made using the Time
Corrected Gain (TCG) and Distance Amplitude Correc-
tion (DAC) functions (Figure 5-6). These functions are
accessed through the TCG Submenu on the HOME Menu
bar. Both the DAC and TCG functions operate based
on a set of user-recorded data points. These points are
recorded from the TCG menu as described below.
7KH7&*IXQFWLRQGLVSOD\VUHHFWRUVRIHTXDOVL]HDWHTXDO
the test material. This is accomplished by adjusting the
gain at different locations in the A-scan display, corre-
sponding to different material depths, to compensate for
signal loss (or variation) due to attenuation, beam spread,
LIRQHKDVEHHQGHQHGDQG/2&.7RVSHFLI\DXVHU
GHQHGG%67(3YDOXHVHHWKHQH[WPDQXDOSURFHGXUH
1RWHWKDWVHWWLQJWKHG%67(3WR/2&.SUHYHQWVDGMXVW-
ment of the instrument gain.
Step 3: Once a dB STEP value has been selected, each
FOLFN RI WKH *DLQ .QRE ZLOO LQFUHDVH RU GHFUHDVH WKH
instruments gain by the dB STEP increment.
5.6.2 SettiQJWKH8VHU'HQHGGain Step
or other factors. When TCG is activated, appears in the
status bar near the top right-hand corner of the display.
The DAC function displays all echoes at their true
amplitude (without depth compensation). However,
when operating in DAC mode, a Distance Amplitude
Correction curve is superimposed on the A-Scan
display. The original recorded curve is displayed in
the same color as the grid. The curve, like the one shown
in Figure 5-6UHSUHVHQWVFRQVWDQWUHHFWRUVL]HDWYDU\LQJ
%$6,&35)86(5*$,167(3 material depth.

When adjusting the A-Scan gain, each click of the gain-

adjustment knob increases or decreases the gain level by
the amount of the dB STEP (see above for adjusting the
dB STEP). Several values can be selected for dB STEP,

Page 64 PHASOR XS Operating Manual


FIGURE 5-6Distance/Time Compensation Features
 8VLQJDAC
When displayed, the DAC curve visually represents a line
RIFRQVWDQWUHHFWRUSHDNVRYHUDUDQJHRIPDWHULDOGHSWKV
Remember that in DAC mode, the only deviation from
traditional display and operation is the appearance of
the DAC curve. All A-Scan echoes are displayed at their
non-compensated height. A DAC curve can be based on
up to 15 data points (material depths).
A DAC curve is programmed using a series of same-
UHHFWRU HFKRHV DW YDULRXV GHSWKV FRYHULQJ WKH UDQJH
5. Making Conventional Measurements
The dynamic range of the DAC function is 60 dB. Maxi-
mum curve slope is 12 dB per microsecond. Successive
data points do not have to decrease in amplitude. That is,
the DAC/TCG curve does not have to have a constantly
descending slope.
5.9.1 Recording the DAC Curve
DAC Curve points are recorded in exactly the same man-
ner as those points used to create the TCG reference.
Points are typically taken from a standard with equally
VL]HGUHHFWRUVKROHVORFDWHGDWYDULRXVPDWHULDOGHSWKV
of depths to be inspected in the test material. Because
The primary echo from each of these points (for up to a
QHDUHOGDQGEHDPVSUHDGYDU\DFFRUGLQJWRWUDQVGXFHU
total of 15 echoes) are recorded. When DAC is active, the
size and frequency, and materials vary in attenuation and
instrument displays a curve that represents echo peaks
velocity, DAC must be programmed differently for differ-
IRU FRQVWDQW UHHFWRUV DW YDU\LQJ PDWHULDO GHSWK 2QO\
ent applications.
one DAC curve can be stored at a time. To program the
DAC Curve:

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 65

5. Making Conventional Measurements
Step 1: Access the TCG menu by pressing below it.
The RECORD Submenu will be selected.
Step 2: &RXSOHWKHSUREHWRWKHUVWUHIHUHQFHSRLQWDQG
using next to GATE START and GATE THRESHOLD,
adjust the A-Gate so that it is broken by the primary echo.
,I QHFHVVDU\ XVH WKH *DLQ .QRE WR DGMXVW WKH JDLQ VR
that the echo crosses the A-Gate and the highest peak in
gate A is at approximately 80% of full-screen height. The
highest peak must not be higher than 100% full-screen
height.
Step 3::KLOHWKH*DWHLVOLQHGXSRYHUWKHUVWUHIHUHQFH
echo, press next to the RECORD function. When
the value of the RECORD function changes from 0 to 1,
\RXKDYHUHFRUGHGWKHUVW'$&&XUYHSRLQW1RWHWKDW
WKHUVW'$&SRLQWLVWUHDWHGDVWKHUHIHUHQFHHFKR7KH
amplitude value at which this point is recorded becomes
the reference amplitude value.
NOTE: :KHQ D '$& UHIHUHQFH SRLQW LV VWRUHG WZR
measurement result boxes will be automatically set
NOTE: To operate in TCG/DAC mode, a DAC curve
PXVWUVWEHJHQHUDWHG$IWHUWKH'$&FXUYHLVJHQHU-
ated, the TCG feature can be accessed by setting the
TCG/DAC functions value to TCG.
 8Ving TCG
When the TCG function is in use, echoes from equally
VL]HGUHHFWRUVDSSHDUDVWKHVDPHKHLJKWRQWKH$6FDQ
display. When operating in TCG mode will appear on
the display screen. Before using the TCG function do the
following:
Step 1: The instrument/probe combination has been cali-
brated and all instrument settings (PULSER, RECEIVER,
etc.) have been made. Changing these settings after the
TCG reference points are input will affect the accuracy
of measurement.
Step 2: TCG reference points (up to 15) must be recorded.
This process allows the instrument to calculate and com-
SHQVDWHIRUWKHHIIHFWRQPDWHULDOGHSWKRQUHHFWRUHFKR
LI QRW DOUHDG\ FRQJXUHG WR GLVSOD\ 6$ DQG $$
values. These result selections will remain locked
XQWLO '$& UHIHUHQFH UHFRUGLQJ LV FRPSOHWHG 6WHS 
below).
Step 4: Continue to record additional Curve points, fol-
lowing steps 2 and 3, up to a maximum of 15 points (note
that at least two DAC Curve points are required).
Step 5: When complete press next to FINISH.
Step 6: Note that stored DAC Curve points can be edited
as described in Section 5.11.
height. The dynamic range of the TCG function is 60 dB.
Maximum curve slope is 12 dB per microsecond. Succes-
sive data points do not have to decrease in amplitude.
That is, the DAC/TCG curve does not have to have a
constantly descending slope.
*HQHUDWing the TCG Reference
Curve
TCG reference points are derived from the points used
to create the DAC curve. Points are typically taken from
DVWDQGDUGZLWKHTXDOO\VL]HGUHHFWRUVKROHVORFDWHGDW
NOTE: '$&FXUYHDQGVWDWXV2))7&*25'$&
ZLOOEHVWRUHGZLWKGDWDVHW:KHQUHFDOOHGFXUYHVWDWXV
will be the same as when it was stored. For example, if
'$&LVDFWLYHZKHQDGDWDVHWLVVWRUHGLWZLOOEHDFWLYH
when that data set is recalled.
5.9.2 WoUNLQJZLWK'$&
various material depths. The primary echo from each of
these points (for up to a total of 15 echoes) are recorded.
When TCG is active, the instrument compensates for dif-
ferent material thickness by applying a varying gain level
to echoes at material depths other than the baseline depth.
Only one DAC curve can be stored at a time.
NOTE: 7&*UHIHUHQFHSRLQWVFXUYHDQGVWDWXV2))
In DAC mode the instrument uses the user-input refer-
ence points to create a curve representing the amplitudes
RI HFKRHV UHSUHVHQWLQJ VDPHVL]H UHHFWRUV DW YDU\LQJ
material depth (Figure 5-6). The recorded reference point
data is stored until replaced or edited. To create a DAC
curve and operate in DAC mode:
Step 1: With the TCG Menu accessed, select the SETUP
submenu.
Step 2: Press next to the TCG/DAC MODE function
until DAC appears. The DAC Curve will appear whenever
operating in DAC mode.
Page 66
7&*25'$&ZLOOEHVWRUHGZLWKDGDWDVHW:KHQ
recalled, curve status will be the same as when it was
VWRUHG)RUH[DPSOHLI7&*LVDFWLYHZKHQDGDWDVHWLV
stored, it will be active when that data set is recalled.
5.1:RUNLQJZLWK7&*
In TCG mode the instrument uses the recorded reference
points to calculate an amount of gain correction required to
GLVSOD\HDFKHFKRIURPVDPHVL]HUHHFWRUVDWWKHVDPH
amplitude (Figure 5-7). The recorded reference point
data is stored until replaced or edited. To use the stored
reference points and operate in TCG mode:
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 5. Making Conventional Measurements

FIGURE 5-7TCG Curve

Step 1: With the TCG Menu accessed, select the SETUP Step 2: Press next to the POINT function until the
submenu. desired point number (or NEW if adding an new point)
appears.
Step 2: Press next to the TCG/DAC MODE function
until TCG appears ( will appear) Step 3: Press next to the POINT POS. function
to adjust (input for NEW points) the points horizontal
Step 3: Press next to the TCG DISPLAY function to
position
turn this feature ON or OFF.
Step 4: Press next to the POINT GAIN function to
NOTE: 7KH7&*&859(JUDSKLFDOO\UHSUHVHQWVWKH adjust (input for NEW points) the points applied gain
OHYHORIJDLQDSSOLHGDWHDFKRIWKHXVHULQSXWUHIHUHQFH (vertical position). Note that this adjustment applies re-
points. This compensating gain is represented by the gardless of whether the point is used for TCG reference
KHLJKW RI WKH 7&* FXUYH ZKLOH WKH PDWHULDO GHSWK RI or a DAC Curve.
each reference point is represented by its horizontal
Step 5: Press next to the ENTER function to input the
position on the display screen.
adjusted point values (or new points position). The DAC
Curve or TCG reference function will be adjusted to match
5.11 Editing DAC Curve and TCG this edited input.
Reference Points
5.12 Deleting a DAC Curve or TCG
After reference points are recorded, their values may be
manually adjusted, or new points may be manually input Reference Points
(as long as the total number does not exceed 15 points).
To delete a stored DAC curve or TCG reference points
To edit points or input additional points:
Step 1: With the TCG Menu activated, select the SETUP
Step 1: With the TCG Menu accessed, select the EDIT
submenu.
submenu.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 67
5. Making Conventional Measurements
Step 2: Press next to the DELETE CURVE function
(see Figure 5-6).
Step 3: Press next to the DELETE CURVE function a
second time. Then press WRFRQUP\RXUVHOHFWLRQ
Step 4: The statement in the function box will change to
TCG/DAC MODE OFF.
5.13 DGS Measurement Mode
The Instruments Distance Gain Sizing (DGS) feature is
accessed through the DGS menu, which is located on
the HOME menu bar. The DGS feature allows the user
WRXVHDSDUWLFXODUSUREHWRFRPSDUHDUHHFWRULQDWHVW
SLHFHZLWKDNQRZQVWDQGDUGUHHFWRU
The DGS feature relies on a reference curve based on
a recorded reference point. The procedure for record-
ing a reference point using the DGS Menu is described
below.
Using the DGS function (Distance Gain Size), you can
FRPSDUHWKHUHHFWLQJSRZHURIDQDWXUDODZLQWKHWHVW
REMHFWZLWKWKDWRIDWKHRUHWLFDODZFLUFXODUGLVNVKDSHG
 amplitude correction value
 probe
The following probe parameters affect the curve shape:
 element or crystal diameter
 Irequency
 delay length
 delay velocity
You can adjust these parameters on the instrument in
such a way that you can use the DGS method with many
different probes and on different materials.
When the DGS function is in use, echoes from equally
VL]HGUHHFWRUVORFDWHGDWYDU\LQJGHSWKVDSSHDUWROLH
along the DGS Reference Curve. When operating in
DGS mode, the DGS Reference Curve appears on the
display screen. Before using the DGS function, do the
following:
 &DOLEUDWHWKHLQVWUXPHQWSUREHFRPELQDWLRQ
 0DNHDOOUHTXLUHGLQVWUXPHQWVHWWLQJVUHODWHGWRWKH
pulser, receiver, and material-velocity settings.
HTXLYDOHQWUHHFWRUDWWKHVDPHGHSWK
Attention:
<RXDUHFRPSDULQJWKHUHHFWLQJSRZHURIDQDWXUDODZ
ZLWK WKDW RI D WKHRUHWLFDO DZ 1R GHQLWH FRQFOXVLRQV
PD\EHGUDZQRQWKHQDWXUDODZURXJKQHVVLQFOLQHG
position, etc.).
The so-called DGS diagram forms the basis for this com-
SDULVRQRIWKHUHHFWLQJSRZHU7KLVGLDJUDPFRQVLVWVRID
VHWRIFXUYHVVKRZLQJWKHFRQQHFWLRQRIWKUHHLQXHQFLQJ
variables:
 Distance D between the probe and circular disk-
VKDSHGHTXLYDOHQWUHHFWRU
 Difference in gain G between various large circular
GLVNVKDSHGHTXLYDOHQWUHHFWRUVDQGDQLQQLWHO\
large backwall
 Size S of the circular disk-shaped equivalent re-
HFWRU7KHLQXHQFLQJYDULDEOH6DOZD\VUHPDLQV
constant for one curve of the set of curves
The instrument will prevent changes to certain settings
after the DGS Reference Echo has been recorded and
DGS is turned ON.
5.13.1 Specifying a Probe and Preparing
to Record the Reference Echo
%HIRUHXVLQJWKH'*6IHDWXUHWRHYDOXDWHUHHFWRUVLQWHVW
pieces, the characteristics of the attached probe must be
VSHFLHGFHUWDLQFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIWKHUHIHUHQFHVWDQGDUG
must be input, and a reference echo must be stored. To
specify the probe characteristics:
Step 1: Press below the DGS selection on the HOME
menu bar.
Step 2: Select the SETUP submenu, then the PROBE
# function. Once activated, this function allows you to
choose from the list of probe types in Table 5-1. These
are probes for which probe characteristics are already
input in the instrument, with the exception of the user-
The advantage of the DGS method lies in the fact that you GHQHGSUREH352%(
can carry out reproducible evaluations of small discon-
tinuities. The reproducibility is most of all important, for
example, whenever you aim to carry out an acceptance
test.
$SDUWIURPWKHLQXHQFLQJYDULDEOHVDOUHDG\PHQWLRQHG
there are other factors determining the curve shape:
 sound attenuation
 transfer losses
Page 68
Step 3:,I WKH XVHUGHQHG SUREH W\SH 352%(  LV
selected, you can then select the PROBE NAME func-
tion. Then use the Gain and Function knobs (the Gain
knob changes location within the name, the Function
knob changes the character value) to input a new name.
Note that selecting any PROBE # value other than 0 will
prevent you from modifying the PROBE NAME or any of
the other settings described in Step 4.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 5. Making Conventional Measurements

7DEOH '(/$< 9(/2&,7<User determined delay-line

velocity
'*6352%(180%(5$66,*10(176
Instrument Probe Instrument Probe Note that these characteristics cant be changed for any
Setting Type Setting Type probes other than PROBE #0.
PROBE #0 8VHUGHQHG PROBE #13 SWB45-2
5.13.2 Record the Reference Echo that
PROBE #1 B1S PROBE #14 SWB60-2
'HQHVWKH'*6&XUYH
PROBE #2 B2S PROBE #15 SWB70-2
PROBE #3 B4S PROBE #16 SWB45-5 Prior to generating the DGS curve, a test standard with
PROBE #4 MB2S PROBE #17 SWB60-5 D NQRZQ UHHFWRU PXVW EH XVHG WR GHQH D UHIHUHQFH
PROBE #5 MB4S PROBE #18 SWB70-6 point. Acceptable test standards include these reference
PROBE #6 MB5S PROBE #19 WB45-1
types:
PROBE #7 MWB45-2 PROBE #20 WB60-1  BWBackwall echo with reference defect size de-
PROBE #8 MWB60-2 PROBE #21 WB70-1 QHGDVLQQLW\
PROBE #9 MWB70-2 PROBE #22 WB45-2  SDHSide Drilled Hole with a reference defect size
PROBE #10 MWB45-4 PROBE #23 WB60-2 GHQHGDVWKHKROHVGLDPHWHU
PROBE #11 MWB60-4 PROBE #24 WB70-2  FBHFlat Bottom Hole with a reference defect size
PROBE #12 MWB70-4 equal to the holes facial diameter
Follow these steps and Figure 5-8 to record a reference
Step 4:,I WKH XVHUGHQHG SUREH W\SH 352%(  LV
selected, you must then select the DGS PROBE sub-
menu and input the characteristics for the probe youve
connected including:
;7$/)5(48(1&<The probes frequency rating
EFF. DIAMETERThe probe elements effective
diameter rating
FIGURE 5-8Recording a DGS reference point from which a DGS Curve will be generated.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
echo:
Step 1: Select the REF ECHO submenu, then the REFER-
ENCE TYPE function. Once activated, this function allows
you to select one of the three reference types described
above, and specify the size of the known standards refer-
HQFHDZ
Page 69
5. Making Conventional Measurements
Step 2: Couple the probe to the known standard,
FDSWXUHWKHUHIHUHQFHDZVRWKDWLWVUHHFWHGHFKRLV
displayed on the instruments A-Scan, and adjust the
A-Gates starting point to ensure that the resulting echo
triggers the gate.
Step 3: $GMXVW WKH JDLQ NQRE XQWLO WKH UHIHUHQFH DZV
A-Scan peak measures 80% of FSH (A%A = 80%).
Step 4: With the probe coupled to the standard, and the
UHIHUHQFHDZVHFKRFDSWXUHGE\WKH$*DWHSUHVV
next to the RECORD REF function to store a DGS refer-
ence echo.
NOTE: When a DGS reference echo is stored, the
will appear in the displays status bar (upper left corner).
Note that only one DGS reference echo can be stored
at a time. To delete the currently stored reference, ac-
cess the REF CORR submenu, select DELETE REF,
and follow the on-screen prompts.
NOTE: When a DGS reference echo is stored, two
measurement result boxes will be automatically
REF ATTEN (found in the REF CORR submenu) Spec-
ify a sound attenuation value (in dB per inch or mm of
material thickness) for the material from which the known
standard is made.
$03/ &255(&7 (found in the REF CORR sub-
menu) Correction required when using an angle-beam
W\SHSUREH7KLVYDOXHLVVSHFLHGRQWKHSUREHVGDWD
sheet.
5.13.3 Display and Adjust the DGS Curve
Once a reference echo has been recorded, the DGS
curve is displayed simply by selecting the SETUP sub-
menu in the DGS menu, then setting the DGS MODE
function to ON (Figure 5-9). Note that switching this
value to OFF does not delete the curve it simply
removes the curve from the display and disables the
DGS mode. Once the DGS Curve is displayed, it can be
adjusted using one of these three functions:
TEST ATTEN (found in the MAT ATTN submenu) Spec-
ify a sound attenuation value (in dB per inch or mm of
VHW LI QRW DOUHDG\ FRQJXUHG WR GLVSOD\ 6$ DQG
A%A values.
These two adjustments should be made prior to re-
cording a reference echo. Changing these values after
the DGS curve is generated will cause the curve to be
deleted.
FIGURE 5-9DGS Curve
Page 70
material thickness) for the material from which the test
piece is made.
TRANSFER CORR. (found in the MAT ATTN submenu)
dB compensation for difference in coupling conditions
between the known standard and the test piece. Setting
this to values other than zero will cause a T to be added
to the DGS Icon.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 5. Making Conventional Measurements

'*6&859( (found in the SETUP submenu)Positions /RFNV(UURU0HVVDJHV

WKHSUREHV'*6&XUYHEDVHGRQWKHVL]HRIWKHUHHFWRU
DZEHLQJWHVWHG7KHVHWWLQJZLOOXVXDOO\GHSHQGRQWKH
ODUJHVWDFFHSWDEOHDZVL]H
5.13.4 Evaluating Results in DGS Mode
Once the DGS curve is recorded and displayed (by turn-
ing DGS MODE on), echoes are automatically compared
to the recorded reference. There are three ways this
comparison can be made and two additional DGS related
results that can be displayed:
A%cAAmplitude of the signal crossing the A-Gate as a
percentage of the corresponding DGS curve amplitude.
G%F$dB equivalent height difference between the sig-
nal crossing A-Gate and the corresponding DGS curve
height. This value is shown in Figure 5-9.
ERS(YDOXDWHV WKH UHHFWHG HFKR DQG FDOFXODWHV WKH
(TXLYDOHQW5HHFWRU6L]H
GtDGS test gain, which initializes the DGS curves
max height at 80% FSH.
GrDGS reference gain, which represents the instru-
ment gain at which the reference echos peak reaches
80% FSH.
To aid in interpreting the DGS Modes display, the instru-
PHQWZLOOGLVSOD\XSWRIRXUFXUYHVUHSUHVHQWLQJ[HGJDLQ
offsets from the DGS curve. These curves are enabled
and positioned (by specifying the dB-equivalent amount
they are offset above or below the DGS curve) by access-
ing the OFFSETS submenu in the DGS menu.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
As long as a valid reference echo is stored, no functions
can be changed which could cause an incorrect DGS
evaluation. If an attempt is made to change such a func-
tion, the following error message will appear:
)XQFWLRQ/RFNHG'*65HIHUHQFHKDV
been recorded
The DGS evaluation must likewise be switched off and
the reference echo deleted in the case of selecting a new
probe, e.g. for a new test application.
9DOLGLW\RIWKH'*60HWKRG
Echo amplitude evaluations according to the DGS method
are only reliable and reproducible in cases when:
 The reference echo is received from the test object
if possible. If this is not possible, it should be en-
sured that the reference block is made of the same
mateial as the test object.
 The evaluation is carried out using the same probe
which was also used for recording the reference
echo. Another probe of the same type can be used
after recording a new reference echo.
 (FKRDPSOLWXGHVIRUUHHFWRUGLVWDQFHVVPDOOHUWKDQ
KDOIRIWKHSUREHVQHDUHOGOHQJWKDUHVXEMHFWWR
heavy variation for physical reasons due to inter-
ference phenomena effecting the area. Thus evalu-
DWLRQUHVXOWVPD\XFWXDWHPRUHWKDQWKHXVXDOO\
permissible +2 dB. An evaluation according to the
DGS method is possible but not recommended for
this case.
Page 71
6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports
6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports
Instrument settings can be stored as data sets. Most
functional settings are saved within a data set. When a
stored data set is later recalled, all active function set-
WLQJV ZLOO EH PRGLHG WR PDWFK WKRVH FRQWDLQHG LQ WKH
data set. The FILES Menu is used to create, recall, and
delete data sets.
In this chapter, youll learn how to work with all FILES
Menu functions including:
 &5($7(DQGQDPHQHZGDWDVHWOHV
(Section 6.1.1)
 6$9((',76WRH[LVWLQJGDWDVHWVSection 6.1.2)
 5(&$//H[LVWLQJGDWDVHWVSection 6.2)
6.1 Data Set Files
'DWD VHW OHV DUH XVHG WR VWRUH D VSHFLF LQVWUXPHQW
VHWXS FRQJXUDWLRQ ,QVWUXPHQW VHWWLQJV DQG WKH DFWLYH
$6FDQSUHVHQWZKHQWKHGDWDVHWOHLVFUHDWHGFDQEH
VWRUHG LQ WKH OHTable 6-1 lists all settings saved in a
GDWDVHWOH:KHQWKHGDWDVHWOHLVUHFDOOHGDOOLQVWUX-
PHQWVHWWLQJVDUHPRGLHGWRPDWFKWKHVHWWLQJVVWRUHG
LQWKHGDWDVHWOH
NOTE: Data sets stored on an SD card will include a
frozen display image and related A-Scans. Data sets
stored in the instruments internal memory, will not in-
clude these images. When the data set is recalled, the
 'HOHWH&/($5H[LVWLQJGDWDVHWVSection 6.3)
 &UHDWHDQGDWWDFKD0(02WRDGDWDVHW
(Section 6.4)
 ,QSXW5(3257+($'(5LQIRUPDWLRQSection 6.6)
 6SHFLI\5(3257FRQWHQWVDQGJHQHUDWHUHSRUWV
(Section 6.6)
 &RQJXUHWKHLQVWUXPHQWWRRXWSXWGDWDYLDWKH56
232 serial port (Section 6.7)
FIGURE 6-1The Files Menu allows access to all data set and output functions.
Page 72
stored (frozen) image will be displayed and its related
A-Scans evaluated until the display is unfrozen.
NOTE: Phased Array and conventional files are
differentiated by their extensions (.pop and .cop
respectively).
Once a data set file is opened, instrument set-
tings may be modified from their data-set-file con-
figurations. However, these changes will only
affect the data set if additional actions are taken to
do so as described in Section 6.1.2. Otherwise, the
RULJLQDOOHVWUXFWXUHZLOOUHPDLQDVVDYHG
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports

7DEOH
Conventional Dataset File Settings Phased Array Dataset File Settings
Gain Reading 3 Header In report Analog Gain Aperture Size Gate B TOF Mode
User Gain Step Reading 4 Memo in report Digital Gain Aperture Step Gate B Logic
Range Large Reading Parameters in report Gain Step Angle Corrected Gate B Display
Probe Delay Probe Angle Image in report Angle Start Ascan Mode TCG Points/Data
Velocity Trig Material Thickness Angle Stop Image Color Palet File Header Text
Display Delay Trig X Value Material Thickness A-Scan Color File Memo Text
Pulser Voltage Color Leg Leg Video Reverse Header In report
Pulser Energy DAC/TCG Points Probe Part Number Color Scheme Memo in report
Pulser Damping DAC/TCG Mode Probe Serial Number Color Leg Parameters in report
Receiver Filter DAC/TCG Display Probe Frequency Reading 1 Image in report
5HFWLFDWLRQ Auto Call Reference Thickness Number of Elements Reading 2 Measurement Units
Dual Mode DGS Mode Pitch Reading 3
Reject DGS Curve Wedge Part Number Reading 4
PRF Mode DGS Reference Wedge Serial Number Large Reading
PRF Frequency DGS Probe Wedge Elem 1 Position TTL #1
Grid Pattern DGS Probe Frequency Wedge Velocity Display Delay
A-Scan Color DGS Probe Diameter Wedge Front Pulser Voltage
Measurement Units DGS Probe Del. Velocity Wedge Offset Z Pulser Width
Gate A Start DGS Ref. Type Wedge Angle PRF Value
Gate A Width DGS Ref. Size Probe Delay Receiver Filter
Gate A Threshold DGS Ref. Attenuation Origin Offset $VFDQ5HFWLFDWLRQ
Gate A TOF Mode DGS Ref. Amplitude Correction Velocity L Gate A Start
Gate A Logic DGS Material Attenuation Velocity S Gate A Width
Gate B Start DGS Transfer Correction Material Gate A Threshold
Gate B Width DGS Offset 1 Scan Type Gate A TOF Mode
Gate B Threshold DGS Offset 2 Focal Point Gate A Logic
Gate B TOF Mode DGS Offset 3 Wave Type Gate A Display
Gate B Logic DGS Offset 4 Angle Step Gate B Start
Reading 1 File Header Text Number of Steps Gate B Width
Reading 2 File Memo Text First Element Gate B Threshold

6.1.1 Creating Data Set Files DIALOG PROBE (Phased Array only) Abbreviated
data sets can be stored in connected phased-array
7RVWRUHLQVWUXPHQWVHWWLQJVLQDQHZGDWDVHWOHIROORZ dialog probes.
this procedure
Step 5: With the desired data set name input, press
Step 1: Activate the FILES MENU. next to ENTER to complete the data set creation process.
Step 2: Press next to ACTION until STORE DATA- The instruments settings have been saved in the data
SET appears. set.
Step 3: Press twice next to FILENAME. Use the two NOTE: Pressing and holding for three seconds
knobs and the instruments text-entry feature to input the causes a dataset to be stored or a report to be gener-
data sets name (as shown in Figure 6-2). Note that an DWHGEDVHGRQWKH$&7,21VSHFLHGLQWKH),/(1$0(
underscore character is not available and can therefore Submenu. This is a shortcut method of storing a dataset
notEHLQFOXGHGLQGDWDVHWOHQDPHV or generating a report. The stored dataset will be as-
Step 4: Press next to SOURCE/DEST until the desired signed the name entered in the FILENAME function.
OHVDYLQJGHVWLQDWLRQDSSHDUV&KRLFHVLQFOXGH This default name will increment by 1 the next time a
new dataset is created (i.e., after the dataset name
INT MEMORY A limited number of data sets can 7$1.$) LV HQWHUHG WKH QH[W GDWDVHW QDPH ZLOO EH
be stored in the instrument, however these data
sets will not include a stored image or related
A-Scans.
 6'&$5'Primary destination for data sets, which
will include a frozen display image and related
A-Scans.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
DXWRPDWLFDOO\ QDPHG 7$1.$) ZKHQ %)5((=(
is pressed and held unless another name is entered.
This auto-appending naming feature also applies to
reports.
Page 73
6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports

FIGURE 6-2The7H[W(QWU\GLVSOD\DOORZVTXLFNHQWHULQJRUHGLWLQJRIOHQDPHVDQGRWKHUDOSKDQXPHULFODEHOV

6.1.2 Editing Active Files
Parameter settings stored in an existing data set can be
HGLWHGDQ\WLPHWKHOHLVDFWLYH7RVDYHWKHVHHGLWVWR
DQ\DFWLYHOHGRWKHIROORZLQJ Step 5: With the desired data set name visible, press
Step 1: Recall the dataset and make all edits desired
Step 2: Set the ACTION function (in the FILENAME
submenu) to STORE DATASET.
Step 3: Press next to ENTER, then follow the
on-screen instructions to make the edits to this file
permanent.
6.2 Recalling Existing Data Sets
$FFHVVLQJDQH[LVWLQJGDWDVHWOHUHVHWVWKHFXUUHQWLQ-
VWUXPHQWVHWWLQJWRWKHVWRUHGGDWDVHWOHVHWWLQJV
Step 4: Press next to FILENAME. Turn the func-
tion knob to list the data sets stored in the designated
location.
next to ENTER to complete the data set recall process.
7KHLQVWUXPHQWVVHWWLQJVKDYHEHHQPRGLHGWRPDWFK
WKRVHVSHFLHGE\WKHUHFDOOHGGDWDVHW,IWKHGDWDVHW
was stored on an SD card, the frozen image will now be
displayed.
NOTE: Data sets stored on an SD card will include a
frozen display image and related A-Scans. Data sets
stored in the instruments internal memory, will not in-
clude these images. When the data set is recalled, the
stored (frozen) image will be displayed and its related
A-Scans evaluated until the display is unfrozen.
7RDFFHVVDQH[LVWLQJOH 6.3 DeletiQJ&/($5,1*([LVWLQJ
Step 1: Activate the FILENAME submenu (in the FILES
Data Sets
menu). ([LVWLQJGDWDOHVDUHGHOHWHGXVLQJWKLVSURFHGXUH
Step 2: Press next to SOURCE/DEST until the loca- Step 1: Activate the FILENAME submenu (in the FILES
tion of the desired data set appears. menu).
Step 3: Press next to ACTION until RECALL DATA- Step 2: Press next to SOURCE/DEST until the loca-
SET appears. tion of the desired data set appears
Page 74 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

Step 3: Press QH[WWRWKH$&7,21IXQFWLRQYHWKHQ
WXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREXQWLOCLEAR DATASET appears.
Step 4: Press next to the FILENAME function. Press
RUWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREXQWLOWKHGHVLUHGIXQFWLRQ
name appears.
Step 5: Press next to the ENTER function. Follow
the display-screen prompting and press WR FRQUP
WKHOHGHOHWHFRPPDQG
Step 6: The deleted data set may not be retrieved.
6.4 Creating a Memo
0HPRVDUHDWWDFKHGWRGDWDVHWOHVDWWKHWLPHWKHOHV
are stored or to Reports when they are generated. After
DOHLVVWRUHGWKHDWWDFKHGPHPRPD\EHPRGLHG7R
create or edit a memo:
Step 1: Activate the MEMO Submenu (in the FILES
menu).
Step 2: Press to set the EDIT function to YES. This
allows you to create or edit a memo.
Step 3: Note that the top of the display screen contains
DYHOLQHPHPR7KHUVWFKDUDFWHURIWKHPHPRLVQRZ
highlighted. Use the two knobs and the instruments text-
entry feature to input or edit the memos contents (as
shown in Figure 6-2).
Including a Files Memo as Part of a Report
You can specify whether the memo attached to the ac-
WLYHGDWDOHLVLQFOXGHGLQDUHSRUW7RDGGRUUHPRYHDQ
DFWLYHOHVPHPRIURPWKHVWRUHGUHSRUW (FILE / REPORT / PARAM IN REPORT)
Step 1: Activate the MEMO Submenu (in the FILES
menu).
Step 2: Press next to the MEMO IN REPORT func-
tion. Choosing a value of YES indicates that the memo
should be included in part of the report. Choosing NO
omits the memo from the report.
6.5 Creating a Report Header
5HSRUW+HDGHUVDUHDWWDFKHGWRGDWDVHWOHVDWWKHWLPH
WKH OHV DUH VWRUHG$IWHU D OH LV VWRUHG WKH DWWDFKHG
Report Header may be edited. To create or edit a Report
Header:
Step 1: Activate the HEADER Submenu (in the FILES
menu).
6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports
Step 3: Note that the top of the display screen contains a
QLQHHQWU\UHSRUWKHDGHU7KHUVWFKDUDFWHURIWKHKHDGHU
is now highlighted. Use the two knobs and the instruments
text-entry feature to input or edit the headers contents
(as shown in Figure 6-2).
Including a Report Header In a Generated Report
You can specify whether the report header is included in
DUHSRUW7RDGGRUUHPRYHDQDFWLYHOHVUHSRUWKHDGHU
from the outputted report:
Step 1: Activate the HEADER Submenu (in the FILES
menu).
Step 2: Press next to the HDR IN REPORT function
to set the value to YES. This indicates the header should
be included in the report. Choosing NO omits the header
from the report.
6.6 Generating a Report
Any report can be generated and stored on the SD
card. The contents of a report are specified by the
XVHU 6HYHUDO IHDWXUHV RI WKH DFWLYH GDWD OH FDQ EH
omitted from or included in the report as described
below. Prior to creating a report for output, install the SD
card.
 Report Header (FILE / HEADER / HDR IN
REPORT)
 0HPR (FILE / MEMO / MEMO IN REPORT)
 $6FDQ (FILE / REPORT / IMAGE IN REPORT)
 /LVWLQJRI'DWD6HW6WRUHG,QVWUXPHQW6HWWLQJV
With the SD card installed and the desired data set
active, to store a report you must:
Step 1: Activate the FILENAME Submenu (located in the
FILES Menus) and press to set the ACTION Function
to STORE REPORT.
Step 2: Be sure that the SOURCE/DEST Function in the
active submenu is set to SD CARD.
Step 3: Press and hold for three seconds to generate
a report. Reports can only be stored on the SD card.
NOTE: The newly created report name automatically
becomes the default report name. This default name
will increment by 1 the next time a new report is cre-
DWHGLHDIWHUWKHUHSRUWQDPH7$1.$)LVHQWHUHG
WKHQH[WGHIDXOWUHSRUWQDPHZLOOEH7$1.$)7KLV
Step 2: Press to access and set the EDIT function to feature functions only when the generated reports
YES. This allows you to create or edit a Header. destination is the SD CARD.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 75

6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports

FIGURE 6-3This phased array report includes a

frozen display image.

Page 76 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 6. Storing Data Sets and Generating Reports

6.7 Outputting via the 566HULDO

 3RUWRU6HYHQ3LQ/(02&RQQHFWRU
The serial port of a PC can connect with the instrument
via the RS-232 serial port located at the upper-rear corner
of the instrument. To output the 5-volt TTL #1 signal to
a connected PC you must connect the instrument to the
PC using the correct cable (RS-232-to-9 Pin Serial Printer
Cable). Note that the 5-volt output signal occurs on pin
#7 of the RS-232 port.
The seven-pin LEMO connector is located on the right
VLGHRIWKHLQVWUXPHQWDERYHWKH)XQFWLRQ.QRE7KLV
connectors pin assignments are shown in Figure 6-4.

FIGURE 6-4LEMO Connector Pin Assignments

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 77

7HFKQLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV

7HFKQLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV

 3K\VLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV

On-Board Memory Set-Up Files

Transportable Memory 2Q6'&DUGIRUUHSRUWDQGVHWXSOHV
Documentation Format JPEG
Weight 3.8 kg (8.2 lbs) with battery
Dimensions 282 mm W x 171 mm H x 159 mm D (11.1 in. W x 6.8 in. H x 6.3 in. D)
Battery &XVWRP/L,RQ%DWWHU\3DFN3FRQJXUDWLRQ
Battery life 6 hrs. minimum
Battery Charging External charger
External Power Supply Universal Input 85 to 260 V. / 50 to 60 Hz
Probe Connectors Conventional - 00 lemo/BNC adapters provided - Phased Array - Custom ZIF
VGA Output Yes
Dialog Languages Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese, and Spanish
Display Size 165 mm (6.5 in.) diagonal
Display Resolution VGA color TFT 640H x 480V pixel
Internal Capacity Capacity: 127 kB
Maximum Number of Dataset Files: 24 (combined phased array and
conventional)
6'&DUG6SHFLFDWLRQ File System Format: FAT16
Maximum Capacity: 1.0 GB
WARNING: The Phasor XS can not read/write to SD cards of greater than
1.0 GB.

Page 78 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 7HFKQLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV

 3KDVHG$UUD\&RQYHQWLRQDO&KDQQHO6SHFLFDWLRQV

Feature Conventional Phased Array

Pulser Spike Bi-Polar Square Wave
Pulse Repetition Frequency 15 to 2000 Hz 15 to 7680 Hz
Pulser Voltage 300 V max 25 V to 75 V
Pulser Energy Low/High
Pulser Rise Time < 15 nsec < 15 nsec
Damping 50 and 1000 ohms
Dual Mode Off/On
Receiver Input Capacitance < 50 pF
Receiver Input Resistence 1000 ohms in dual mode 220 ohms
Maximum Input Voltage 40 V peak-to-peak 200 mV peak-to-peak
%DQGZLGWK$PSOLHU%DQG3DWK 0.3 to 15 MHz @ -3dB 0.5 - 10 MHz
Frequency Selection 2.0, 2.25, 4.0, 5.0, and 10 MHZ + LP & HP 2.25, 4.0, and 5.0MHZ + LP & HP
5HFWLFDWLRQ Pos HW, Neg HW, FW, and RF Pos HW, Neg HW, FW, and RF
Analog Gain 0 to 110 dB 0 to 40 dB
Digital Gain 0 to 50 dB
Focal Laws User selectable - 128 max
Physical Probe 1 to 64
Virtual Probe 1 to 16
Number of Cycles 1 to 128
Pulser Width @ 1/2 Cycle 40 to 500 nsec
Pulser Delay WRVHF
Receiver Delay WRVHF
Acoustic Velocity 1000 to 16000 m/s 1000 to 15000 m/s
WRLQVHF WRLQVHF
Measurement Range 14 m @ 5900 m/s 1.8 m @ 5900 m/s
Display Delay 10 m @ 5900 m/s 1.8 m @ 5900 m/s
Auto Timebase Calibration Yes
Reject 0 to 80% 0 to 80%
TCG SRLQWV#G%VHF SRLQWV#G%VHF
Gates A and B A and B
Gate Threshold 5 to 95% 5 to 95%
Gate Start 0 mm to full range 0.1 mm to 1 m
Gate Width 1 mm to full range 0.1 mm to 1 m
Gate Modes Off, Positive, and Negative Off, Positive, and Negative
Off, Coincidence, and Anticoincidence Off, Coincidence, and Anticoincidence
TOF Modes Flank/Peak Flank/Peak
Scan Type Linear and Sector
Available Views A-Scan A-Scan, Image, and Both
Displayed Readings Amplitude, Sound Path, and Trig Amplitude, Sound Path, Trig, and Peak
Mode
Measurement Resolution 5 nsec 5 nsec
Displayed Units of Measurements mm and inch mm and inch

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 79

7HFKQLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV

7.3 Environmental Tests

3HU0LO6WG)
Cold Storage -20C for 72 hrs, 502.4
Procedure I
Cold Operation 0C for 16 hrs, 502.4
Procedure II
Heat Storage +70C for 48 hrs, 501.4
Procedure I
Heat Operation +50C for 16 hrs, 501.4
Procedure II
Damp Heat / Humidity 10 Cycles:
(storage) 10hrs at +65C down to
+30C, 10 hrs at +30C up to
+65C, Transition within 2 hrs,
507.4
Temperature Shock 3 Cycles:
4 hrs at 20C up to +70C,
4 hrs at +70C, Transitions
within 5 mins. 503.4
Procedure II
Vibration 514.5-5 Procedure I, Annex
C, Figure 6,
General exposure: 1hr each
axis
Shock 6 cycles each axis, 15g, 11ms
half sine, 516.5 Procedure I
Loose Cargo 514.5 Procedure II
Transit Drop 516.5 Procedure IV, 26 drops
(packaged for shipment)
IP54 / IEC529 Dust Proof / dripping water proof as per IEC
VSHFLFDWLRQVIRU,3FODVVLFDWLRQ

7.4 Phased Array Probes

Element Cable
Product Frequency
Aperture Elevation Pitch /HQJWK
Code 0+] Count
mm2 inch2 mm inch mm inch m ft
L8U84 2 8 8x9 .31 x .35 9 .35 1 .039 2 6.5
L8U96 4 16 8x9 .31 x .35 9 .35 0.5 .020 2 6.5
EUN75 5 32 16 x 10 .63 x .39 10 .39 0.5 .020 2 6.5
/+. 5 16 16 x 10 .63 x .39 10 .39 1 .039 2 6.5
/.2 2.25 16 16 x 13 .63 x .51 13 .51 1 .039 2 6.5
L99LQ 2.25 16 24 x 19 .94 x .75 19 .75 1.5 .059 2 6.5
L99JM 5 64 64 x 10 .2.5 x .39 10 .39 1 .039 2 6.5
GE Inspection Technologies: productivity through inspection solutions GE Inspection Technologies provides technology-driven inspection solutions that
deliver productivity, quality and safety. We design, manufacture and service Ultrasonic, Remote Visual, Radiographic and Eddy Current equipment and
systems. Offering specialized solutions that will help you improve productivity in your applications in the Aerospace, Power Generation, Oil & Gas, Automo-
tive or Metals Industry. Contact your GE Inspection Technologies representative or visit www.ge.com/inspectiontechnologies for more information.

Page 80 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 7HFKQLFDO6SHFLFDWLRQV

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 81

 8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)

:RUNLQJLQ7239LHZ2SWLRQDO)HDWXUH
The TOP View display option allows for continuous
scanning in TIMED mode with a phased-array probe or
ENCODED scanning during a memory-limited session
with the use of an encoder-equipped probe. The TOP
9LHZGLVSOD\UHSUHVHQWVWKHSURMHFWLRQRIUHHFWRUVIURP
a region of interest from A- and B-Gate onto a viewable
plane.
A TOP View display (initiated by setting the VIEW MODE
Function in the VIEW Submenu to TOP) is generated with
data collected from the A- and B-Gated region of a sec-
tor or linear scan. A frozen TOP View display provides

 3UHSDULQJIRU7239LHZ2SHUDWLRQ
The TOP View display option allows for continuous
scanning with a phased-array probe or scanning during
a memory-limited session with the use of an encoder-
equipped probe. The TOP View display is generated with
data collected from the A- and B-gated region of a sector
or linear scan.
 6HWWLQJ8SWKH3KDVHG$UUD\3ULRU
WR'LVSOD\LQJD7239LHZ
DFFHVVWREXIIHUHGGDWDIRUERWKWLPHRILJKW72)DQG
echo amplitude. TOF and percent amplitude values are
represented in the TOP View image by user-selectable
color palettes. The buffered TOP View data (TOF and
amplitude data from gates A and B) can be stored as
part of a data set.
NOTE: During the scanning process, TOP View data is
added to the instruments buffer. The buffer serves only
as temporary memory. To retain the data held in the
buffer, it MUST be stored to a data set. Note that once
the buffer is full, buffered data is automatically overwrit-
ten in TIMED mode. In ENCODED mode, a full data
buffer automatically stops the scanning process.
This chapter explains how to prepare for and operate in
723 9LHZ PRGH ZKLFK UVW UHTXLUHV WKDW WKLV optional
feature be installed in your instrument. It includes instruc-
tion on how to:
 &RQJXUHWKHVWDQGDUGSKDVHGDUUD\GHVLJQDWHG
FRAME view) settings to provide the desired TOP
View display (Section 8.1.1)
 6HWXSIRU7239LHZGXULQJDFRQWLQXRXVVFDQ
(see TIMED mode in Section 8.1.2)
 6HWXSIRU7239LHZGXULQJDQHQFRGHUGULYHQVFDQ
(Section 8.1.3)
 $FTXLUH7239LHZGDWDGXULQJDFRQWLQXRXVRU
encoder-driven scan (Section 8.2)
 )UHH]HWKH7239LHZGLVSOD\DQGQDYLJDWHWKURXJK
the buffered data (Section 8.3)
 6WRUHWKH7239LHZGDWDLQDGDWDVHWSection 8.4)
 &RQGXFWDW\SLFDO(1&2'('GDWDDFTXLVLWLRQ
session by following an application summary
(Section 8.5)
Prior to displaying a TOP View, the standard phased ar-
ray views (designated as FRAME view) setup must be
performed (Refer to Chapter 2). TOP View displays can
be generated from either type of standard phased array
scan (linear or sector). It is important to recognize that
the TOP View image is based only on amplitude and TOF
data recorded in Gates A and B. Further, when a data set
is stored while operating in TOP View mode, amplitude
and TOF data from A- and B-Gates (acquired and added
to the data buffer) is stored, however A-Scans and other
results are not available.
To prepare for generating a TOP View display:
Step 1: Be sure that the VIEW MODE Function (located
in the VIEW Submenu of the DISPLAY Menu) is set to
FRAME. This corresponds to standard phased array
operation.
Step 2: Set up either a linear or sector scan to match
the installed probe, material type, and inspection
requirements as described in Chapter 2. Calibrate the
instrument/probe combination.
Step 3: Adjust the A- and/or B-Gate starting point
and width to capture the test-material region of interest
(Figure 8-1). Refer to Section 2.8.1 to position gates.
Step 4: $FFHVVDQGDGMXVW7239LHZVSHFLFIXQFWLRQV
as described below.
NOTE: The TOP View image is based on amplitude
and TOF data recorded in Gates A and B. These gate(s)
must be turned on and positioned to capture the test-
material range of interest.

NOTE: To avoid inadvertently deleting TOP View data

before it can be stored in a data set or otherwise evalu-
ated, refer to the various notes in Section 8.4.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 83

8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)
FIGURE 8-1The A- and/or B-Gated regions in a sector or linear scan provide the data sources from which the TOP
View display is generated.
 6HWWLQJ8S7239LHZIRU7,0('
Operation
In TIMED operation, the instrument continuously acquires
scan data, which is added to the displays buffer. The time
interval between data acquisition, which sets the TOP
View displays scrolling speed, determines the duration
of DISPLAY LENGTH. This calculated value represents
the amount of scanning time represented on the TOP
View display at any one time. Additional scanning data
scrolls to the instruments data buffer and is immediately
viewable anytime the display is stopped (Section 8.3)
or is pressed. Refer to Figure 8-2 and follow these
VWHSVWRFRQJXUHWKHLQVWUXPHQWIRU7239LHZRSHUDWLRQ
in TIMED mode. The resulting TOP View operation is
shown in Figure 8-4.
Step 1: Activate the &/2&. 6XEPHQX ORFDWHG LQ WKH
SCAN Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 2: Press WRVHWWKH&/2&.)XQFWLRQWR7,0('
Step 3: Press DQGWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRVHWWKH
duration (in hertz) of the SAMPLE INTRVL. The sample
interval equates to the number of TOP View data lines
acquired and displayed per second.
Page 84
Step 4: Note that the calculated value of DISPLAY
LENGTH automatically updates. This calculated value
represents the amount of scanning time represented on
the TOP View display at any one time. While scanning a
test piece, stopping the display (Section 8.3) allows the
operator to scroll back through TOP View data thats held
in the data buffer.
NOTE: While scanning in TIMED mode, TOP View data
LVUVWDGGHGWRWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQ:KHQWKHVFUHHQLV
full, the initial data scrolls into the instruments data
EXIIHU6FUROOLQJGLUHFWLRQLVGHQHGLQ6WHSWhen
WKHEXIIHULVIXOODFTXLULQJQHZGDWDDXWRPDWLFDOO\
causes the oldest data in the buffer to be overwrit-
ten. At any time, the TOP View scanning process can
be stopped, allowing on-screen and buffered data to
be stored in a data set (Section 8.4).
Step 5: Press to activate and set the NEW DATA
Function in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DISPLAY
Menu). The selection sets the screen location (LEFT,
RIGHT, TOP, or BOTTOM) at which newly acquired TOP
VIEW data is added to the display screen. This function
controls the display screen scrolling direction.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

),*85(0DNHWKHVHVHWWLQJVIRU7,0('7239LHZRSHUDWLRQ0RVW7239LHZVSHFLFVHWWLQJVDUHDFFHVVHGIURP
the CLOCK, VIEW, and IMAGE Submenus.
Step 6: Press to activate and set the AMP COLOR
PALETTE in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DIS-
PLAY Menu). Select one of the four standard palettes
to represent with various color scales the amplitude of
echoes captured in A- or B-Gate. Alternatively, select
CUSTOM to choose the user inputted, remotely gener-
ated, customized color palette.
Step 7: Press to activate and set the TOF COLOR
PALETTE in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DIS-
PLAY Menu). Select one of the four standard palettes
WR UHSUHVHQW ZLWK YDULRXV FRORU VFDOHV WKH WLPHRILJKW
measurement to the A- or B-Gate triggering echo. Alter-
natively, select CUSTOM to choose the user inputted,
remotely generated, customized color palette.
Step 8: Press to activate and set the DATA SOURCE
Function in the VIEW Submenu (located in the DISPLAY
Menu). Select from four types of gated data to represent
in the TOP View including:
  $03$$PSOLWXGHRIHFKRHVFDSWXUHGLQWKH
A-Gate
  $03%$PSOLWXGHRIHFKRHVFDSWXUHGLQWKH
B-Gate
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)
  6$7LPHRILJKWGXUDWLRQWR$*DWHWULJJHULQJ
echoes
  6%7LPHRILJKWGXUDWLRQWR%*DWHWULJJHULQJ
echoes
Step 9: Press to activate TOP View by setting the
VIEW MODE Function in the VIEW Submenu (located
in the DISPLAY Menu) to TOP. The instrument will im-
PHGLDWHO\EHJLQDFTXLULQJGDWDDQGOOLQJWKH7239LHZ
display.
 6HWWLQJ8S7239LHZIRU(1&2'('
Operation
NOTE: During TIMED TOP View operation, all func-
tions can be accessed and changed. However, during
ENCODED acquisition, most functions are blocked
from change. Therefore, most instrument settings that
DUHVSHFLFWR7239LHZPXVWEHDGMXVWHGLQ7,0('
mode prior to switching to ENCODED mode.
Page 85
8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)
In ENCODED operation (designated this because the
probe operates in tandem with a single-axis quadrature
encoder), the instrument acquires scan data whenever
the encoder wheel is turning. The calculated DISPLAY
/(1*7+OLVWHGRQWKHVFUHHQZKHQWKH&/2&.6XEPHQX
is activated) represents the approximate linear distance
over which the probe can acquire data that is then rep-
resented on the TOP View display screen at one time.
$IWHUWKHVFUHHQOOVZLWKGDWDDQGGDWDFRQWLQXHVWREH
acquired, the oldest data is added to the instruments data
buffer until the operator stops the process or the buffer
is full. This on-screen and buffered data is immediately
viewable and can be stored to a data set.
NOTE: The TOP View quadrature encoder controls
the collection of TOP View data in two ways. First, data
is only collected while the encoder wheel is turning
(i.e.: while the probe is moving over the test piece).
Second, the encoder allows data to be overwritten
when its direction of travel is reversed. For instance,
moving the probe and encoder forward over a distance
of 10 cm, then reversing the probes movement by 2
cm, will cause the last 2 cm of forward-moving data
to be replaced by the 2 cm of reverse-moving TOP
View data.
Refer to Figure 8-3DQGIROORZWKHVHVWHSVWRFRQJXUH
the instrument for TOP View operation in ENCODED
mode. The resulting TOP View operation is shown in
Figure 8-5.
NOTE: While scanning in ENCODED mode, TOP
9LHZGDWDLVUVWDGGHGWRWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQ:KHQ
the screen is full, the initial data scrolls into the
LQVWUXPHQWVGDWDEXIIHU6FUROOLQJGLUHFWLRQLVGHQHGLQ
Step 5. When the buffer is full the scanning process
automatically stops, requiring the operator to take
action before the buffer is overwritten. At any time, the
TOP View scanning process can be stopped, allowing
on-screen and buffered data to be stored in a data set
(Section 8.4).
Step 1: Press to activate the VIEW MODE Function
in the VIEW Submenu (located in the DISPLAY Menu).
Set its value to FRAME.
Step 2: Press to activate and set the NEW DATA
Function in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DISPLAY
Menu). The selection sets the screen location (LEFT,
RIGHT, TOP, or BOTTOM) at which newly acquired TOP
VIEW data is added to the display screen. This function
controls the display screen scrolling direction.
Page 86
Step 3: Press to activate and set the AMP COLOR
PALETTE in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DIS-
PLAY Menu). Select one of the four standard palettes
to represent with various color scales the amplitude of
echoes captured in A- or B-Gate. Alternatively, select
CUSTOM to choose the user inputted, remotely gener-
ated, customized color palette.
Step 4: Press to activate and set the TOF COLOR
PALETTE in the IMAGE Submenu (located in the DIS-
PLAY Menu). Select one of the four standard palettes
WR UHSUHVHQW ZLWK YDULRXV FRORU VFDOHV WKH WLPHRILJKW
measurement to the A- or B-Gate triggering echo. Alter-
natively, select CUSTOM to choose the user inputted,
remotely generated, customized color palette.
Step 5: Press to activate and set the DATA SOURCE
Function in the VIEW Submenu (located in the DISPLAY
Menu). Select from four types of gated data to represent
in the TOP View including:
  $
 03$$PSOLWXGHRIHFKRHVFDSWXUHGLQWKH
A-Gate
  $
 03%$PSOLWXGHRIHFKRHVFDSWXUHGLQWKH
B-Gate
  6
 $7LPHRILJKWGXUDWLRQWR$*DWHWULJJHULQJ
echoes
  6
 %7LPHRILJKWGXUDWLRQWR%*DWHWULJJHULQJ
echoes
Step 6: $FWLYDWH WKH &/2&. 6XEPHQX ORFDWHG LQ WKH
SCAN Menu) by pressing below it.
Step 7: Press  WR VHW WKH &/2&. )XQFWLRQ WR
ENCODED. Input the operating characteristic (inches or
mm per encoder tick) of the attached encoder using the
ENCODER Function.
Step 8: Press DQGWXUQWKH)XQFWLRQ.QREWRVHWWKH
SAMPLE INTERVL (in mm or inches). This equates to the
distance traveled by the probes encoder wheel between
lines of acquired data.
Step 9: Note that the calculated value of DISPLAY
LENGTH automatically updates. This represents the ap-
proximate linear distance over which an encoded scan can
be acquired and represented on the TOP View display at
the same time. While scanning a test piece, stopping the
display (Section 8.3) allows the operator to scroll back
through the acquired TOP View data.
Step 10: Press to activate TOP View by setting the
VIEW MODE Function to TOP.
NOTE: The instrument will only update the data display
while the encoders wheel turns.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

),*85(0DNHWKHVHVHWWLQJVIRU7239LHZRSHUDWLRQZLWKDQHQFRGHU0RVW7239LHZVSHFLFVHWWLQJVDUH
accessed from the CLOCK, VIEW, and IMAGE Submenus.
 &UHDWLQJD7239LHZ
Whether in TIMED or ENCODED operating mode, the
TOP View feature allows the user to acquire data over a
period of time while scanning an area of interest. One of
IRXUGDWDYLHZLQJRSWLRQVLGHQWLHGDV'$7$6285&(V
in the VIEW Menu) is displayed as it is acquired. The re-
maining DATA SOURCEs are automatically added to the
instruments data buffer from which they can be retrieved
and viewed at any time (during TIMED mode) or when the
instrument is STOPped (Section 8.3) in ENCODED mode.
:KLOHDFTXLULQJ7239LHZGDWDWKH.12%(08/$725
7239LHZ&RQWURO0HQXLGHQWLHGLQFigure 8-5) includes
controls that affect the scanning process, however only
the STOP operation is enabled while acquiring data in
ENCODED mode.
NOTE: During TIMED TOP View operation, all func-
tions can be accessed and changed. However, during
ENCODED acquisition, most functions are blocked
from change. Therefore, most instrument settings that
DUHVSHFLFWR7239LHZPXVWEHDGMXVWHGLQ7,0('
mode prior to switching to ENCODED mode.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)
$FTXLULQJ7239LHZ'DWDLQ7,0('0RGH
After the instrument is configured as described in
Sections 8.1.1 and 8.1.2, the TOP View display is im-
mediately active when the VIEW MODE Function (in the
VIEW Submenu) is set to TOP. TIMED operation is shown
in Figure 8-4.
NOTE: While scanning in TIMED mode TOP View
GDWDLVUVWDGGHGWRWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQZKLFKFRQ-
tains approximately the duration of data listed in the
DISPLAY LENGTH Function box. When the screen is
full the initial data scrolls into the instruments data
buffer. :KHQWKHEXIIHULVIXOODFTXLULQJQHZGDWD
automatically causes the oldest data in the buffer
to be overwritten. At any time, the TOP View scan-
ning process can be stopped, allowing on-screen and
buffered data to be stored in a data set (Section 8.4).
Storing data in a data set or generating a report clears
the data buffer. Therefore, if immediate data analysis
LVGHVLUHGWKLVVKRXOGEHSHUIRUPHGEHIRUHWKHOH$&-
TION is taken. Alternatively, the stored data set can
later be RECALLed to allow for analysis.
Page 87
8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)

),*85(7239LHZGLVSOD\GDWDLQWKLVFDVHDFTXLUHGLQ7,0('PRGHUHSUHVHQWVWKHSURMHFWLRQRIUHHFWRUVIURP
DUHJLRQRILQWHUHVWGHQHGE\WKH$RU%*DWHRQWRDYLHZDEOHSODQH7KH7239LHZGLVSOD\VGHWDLOHGRQVFUHHQ
JUDWLFXOHDQGVFDOHDLGVLQGHWHUPLQLQJDUHHFWRUVVL]HDQGGHSWKZLWKLQWKHWHVWSLHFH

$FTXLULQJ7239LHZ'DWDLQ(1&2'('0RGH NOTE: While scanning in ENCODED mode, TOP View

After the instrument is configured as described in
Sections 8.1.1 and 8.1.3, the TOP View display is not im-
mediately active when the VIEW MODE Function (in the
VIEW Submenu) is set to TOP. Instead, the instrument
acquires data only while the encoders wheel is turning.
This feature limits collection of TOP View data to only
those time periods during which the probe is moving over
the test piece surface. ENCODED operation is shown in
Figure 8-5.
GDWDLVUVWDGGHGWRWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQZKLFKFRQWDLQV
data acquired while the scanning the approximate dis-
tance listed in the DISPLAY LENGTH Function box.
When the screen is full, as it is in Figure 8-5, the initial
data scrolls into the instruments data buffer. When
the buffer is full the scanning process automatically
stops, requiring the operator to take action before the
data is overwritten. At any time, the TOP View scan-
ning process can be stopped, allowing on-screen and
buffered data to be stored. Storing the data in a data
set erases the data buffer. Therefore, if analysis and
review of acquired data is to be performed directly on
the instrument, it should be accomplished before the
data set is stored (Section 8.4).

Page 88 PHASOR XS Operating Manual

 8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)

),*85(7239LHZGDWDDFTXLUHGLQ(1&2'('PRGHFDQEHYLHZHGDVDQDPSOLWXGHRUVRXQGSDWKGLVWDQFHWR
trigger (TOF) in A- or B-Gate. If desired to use the PEAK feature in ENCODED mode, the ASCAN MODE Function must
UVWEHVHWWR3($.LQWKH7,0('DFTXLVLWLRQPRGHEHIRUHVHWWLQJWKH&/2&.)XQFWLRQWR(1&2'('

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 89

8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)

Adding or Removing the A-Scan from the TOP

NOTE: The TOP View quadrature encoder controls the
View Display
collection of TOP View data in two ways. First, data
is only collected while the encoder wheel is turning
While acquiring TOP View data, the A-Scan representing
(i.e.: while the probe is moving over the test piece).
a selected beam can be displayed on the screen, along
Second, the encoder allows data to be overwritten
with the TOP View image. Note that if acquiring data in
when its direction of travel is reversed. For instance,
(1&2'('PRGHWKLVIXQFWLRQPXVWUVWEHVHWLQ7,0('
moving the probe and encoder forward over a distance
mode before activating ENCODED mode. Press to
of 10 cm, then reversing the probes movement by 2
select the desired display view from:
cm, will cause the last 2 cm of forward-moving data
to be replaced by the 2 cm of reverse-moving TOP  $6FDQDQG7239LHZ
View data.
 7239LHZRQO\
Accessing the TOP View Control Menu Setting the ASCAN MODE to PEAK in TOP View
:KHQ7239LHZPRGHLVLQLWLDWHGWKH.QRE(PXODWRU
When operating in TOP View, the ASCAN MODE Function
TOP View Control Menu is displayed. While this menu is
displayed, the knobs are disabled. In TIMED mode, pa-
rameters can be adjusted by pressing EHORZ.12%
RU.12%3UHVVLQJDQ\RWKHUQRQPHQXNH\VXFKDV
) enables the knobs and hides the TOP View Control
Menu. While acquiring data in ENCODED mode, only the
key below STOP is enabled.
While operating in TOP View mode, pressing switches
the displays menu bar from any currently active menu
WR WKH .QRE (PXODWRU  723 9LHZ &RQWURO 0HQX 7KLV
menu, shown in Figure 8-5, allows the screen to be frozen
by pressing below STOP, or (in TIMED mode only)
cleared by pressing below CLEAR. It also allows the
display to be cleared and restarted or to resume data
collection from the point at which it was stopped. See
Section 8.3 to work with a frozen TOP View Display or
Section 8.4 to store the acquired TOP View data in a
data set.
Selecting the TOP View DATA SOURCE
At any time when operating in TIMED mode (or when the
display is frozen in ENCODED mode), the displayed TOP
9LHZ GDWD FDQ EH PRGLHG XVLQJ WKH '$7$ 6285&(
Function (accessed via the VIEW Submenu in the DIS-
PLAY Menu). Note that options include:
AMP A Amplitude of A-Scan echo triggering A-Gate
AMP B Amplitude of A-Scan echo triggering B-Gate
TOF A Sound path distance to A-Gate triggering echo
TOF B Sound path distance to B-Gate triggering echo
Refer to Figure 8-5 to see the icons used to indicate
whether TOP View is operating in amplitude or TOF
mode. These four data sources are also the only data
related to the TOP View display that can be accessed
from a frozen display (Section 8.3) or stored in a data
set (Section 8.4).
Page 90
LQWKH9,(:6XEPHQXFDQEHVHWWR3($.1RWHWKDW
if acquiring data in ENCODED mode, this function must
UVWEHVHWLQ7,0('PRGHEHIRUHDFWLYDWLQJ(1&2'('
mode. When selected, 3($.PRGHWUDQVIRUPVWKH$6FDQ
display into a series of segments, each representing one
beam or cycle in the phased array setup (Figure 8-5). The
maximum value achieved by each beam or cycle over the
entire TOP View display determines the distance from the
baseline at which its segment is drawn. Note that ASCAN
MODEs NORMAL setting, which is available whether or
not TOP View is enabled, is described in Section 3.3.
Using the IF GATE in TOP View Mode
The interface (IF) GATEs primary function is to compen-
sate for varying probe-to-test-piece distance by adjusting
the A- and B-GATE starting points.
Variations of this distance occur either because of miss-
orientation of the part relative to the probe or because
the surface of the part is irregular. These variations are
possible when a water gap is employed for coupling or
when soft material is used.
NOTE: While highly infrequent, extreme temperature
variation will change this probe-to-test-piece dis-
tance by altering ultrasonic velocity through the delay
material.
Phased-array probes typically produce multiple beams,
HDFK RI ZKLFK FDQ SURGXFH D VOLJKWO\ GLIIHUHQW UHHFWRU
distance. Therefore, an IF-, A-, and B-Gate triggering
occurs for each beam. GATE positions for each beam
determine the test-piece area evaluated for transfer to
the TOP View display. If improperly oriented probes or
surface irregularities were not accounted for by adjusting
the A- and B-Gate starting points, the material depth of
interest may not be evaluated.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)

With the Interface GATE display switched to ON, A- and variations described effect this Phased Array delay law
B-Gates starting positions are automatically based on calculation, for both angle steering and focal depth. Delay
the occurrence of an IF-Gate triggering. This occurrence law calculations are based on an assumed Z distance
becomes the zero point from which A- and B-Gate starting (Section 2.3.3).
values are measured (Figure 8-6).
NOTE: When operating in TOP View mode with the
For example if A-Gates START is set to 1 inch, the gate
IF-Gate turned on, a loss of the interface signal will
will start the equivalent of 1 inch from the IF-Gate trigger
prevent the the offending beam from recording data
for each BEAM. If the probe-to-part distance changes, the
to the TOP View. Instead, the operator is alerted to
A-Gate START point will automatically adjust accordingly.
the condition with the application of a special IF LOSS
In addition, this adjustment will take place independently
color to the TOP VIEW Image.
for each beam. This positions the A-Gate, in this case,
DWD[HGGLVWDQFHIURPWKHVRXQGHQWU\VXUIDFHLQWKH
NOTE: Turing ON the IF-Gate also impacts control of
test piece, insuring the desired material depth is being
the DISPLAY START function. Refer to Section 2.6.3
evaluated.
WRGHQHWKHGLVSOD\VVWDUWLQJSRLQWZLWKDQGZLWKRXW
IF loss can occur from loss of coupling, or when the dis- the IF Gate on.
tance from the probe to the part exceeds an acceptable
Additionally, there is a DISPLAY START control related to
limit. Limits are established to insure the phased array
the IF GATE. The choices are IF, IP and MATERIAL.
delay law calculations remain valid for the beam. The

FIGURE 8-6

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 91

8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)
  UHH]LQJWKH'LVSOD\DQG1DYLJDWLQJ
) Step 1: With TOP View operating and the TOP
'DWDLQ7239LHZ
:KLOH RSHUDWLQJ LQ 7,0(' 723 9LHZ PRGH WKH .QRE
Emulator / TOP View Control Menu can be turned on or
off by pressing . As shown in Figure 8-7, this menu
pauses, clears, and restarts the TOP View data acquisi-
tion process. Pressing below STOP (this is the only
menu selection thats also active in ENCODED mode) has
the same effect as pressing : the display is frozen and
available for analysis or storage in a data set. To navigate
and evaluate a frozen TOP View display, follow the steps
below and refer to Figure 8-7:
NOTE: While scanning in ENCODED mode, TOP View
GDWDLVUVWDGGHGWRWKHGLVSOD\VFUHHQWKHQVFUROOHG
into the instruments data buffer. When the buffer is full
the scanning process automatically stops, activating the
Frozen TOP View Menu (Figure 8-7) and requiring the
operator to take action before the data is overwritten.
6DYLQJWKLVGDWDWRDGDWDVHWOHJHQHUDWLQJDUHSRUW
or otherwise carrying out an ACTION indicated in the
FILES Menu clears the buffer.
NOTE: The TOP View Control Menu is activated and
deactivated by pressing . When the Control Menu is
active, the function keys and both knobs are disabled,
but pressing or (in TIMED MODE) provides im-
mediate access to various HOME-Menu functions. Sim-
ilarly, when acquiring data in ENCODED mode (during
which no function adjustments are allowed), pressing
below STOP and pressing or provides ac-
cess to several functions that require recalculation of
instrument parameters. As this recalculation will result
in a clearing of unsaved TOP View data, the operator
LVDVNHGWRFRQUPWKLVDFWLRQEHIRUHSURFHHGLQJ
NOTE: STOPping the data acquisition process and
VDYLQJWKLVGDWDWRDGDWDVHWOHJHQHUDWLQJDUHSRUW
or otherwise carrying out an ACTION indicated in the
FILES Menu clears the buffer.
NOTE: Pressing below CLEAR (TIMED mode
only), while the TOP View is acquiring data, immedi-
ately eliminates all unsaved TOP View data and restarts
the display acquisition process. When the TOP View
display is STOPped (or frozen), pressing below
START also eliminates all unsaved TOP View data and
restarts the display acquisition process while RESUME
(not displayed when the ENCODED mode buffer is full)
allows the acquisition to continue from its position when
STOP was selected.
Page 92
View Control Menu displayed (Figure 8-7), press
below STOP to freeze the TOP View display (pressing
has the same effect).
Step 2: The Frozen TOP View Menu appears
(Figure 8-7). Choose from the following menu
selections:
CURSOR 1 Switch on the VERTICAL cursor, allowing
left- and right-knob control of the cursor lines. All mea-
surement of displayed TOP View data is made at the
intersection of the two cursors.
MEAS 1 Sets the position at which these four measured
values (the only ones available for a TOP View display)
are reported.
VIEW Chose for display one of the four TOP View DATA
SOURCEs. Shows all acquired TOP View data on one
screen or reverts to the scale used during data acquisi-
tion. Scrolling is only enabled when the VIEW WINDOW
is set to AS AQUIRED.
FILENAME Sets the data set- and report-saving param-
eters, then stores data sets or generates reports. Note that
pressing and holding for approximately three seconds
will cause a REPORT to generate or a DATA SET to be
stored based on the ACTION setting.
Step 3: Press at any time to access the TOP View
Control Menu. Press below START to eliminate all
unsaved TOP View data and restart the display acquisi-
tion process. Alternatively, press below RESUME (if
displayed) to continue the acquisition process from the
point at which it was STOPped.
NOTE: When the TOP View display is frozen, switch-
ing the acquisition mode from TIMED to ENCODED
(or vice versa) will result in a loss of data. Data to be
retained must be stored in a data set prior to changing
WKH &/2&. VHWWLQJ 6LPLODUO\ VHOHFWLQJ DQG DOWHULQJ
functions that require a recalculation of instrument
parameters will result in loss of unsaved TOP View
data.
NOTE: Pressing below CLEAR, while the TOP
View is acquiring data in TIMED mode, immediately
eliminates all unsaved TOP View data and restarts
the display acquisition process. When the TOP View
display is STOPped (or frozen), pressing below
START also eliminates all unsaved TOP View data and
restarts the display acquisition process. Pressing
below RESUME (if displayed) continues the acquisition
process from the point at which it was STOPped.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)

FIGURE 8-7TOP View data can be viewed as an amplitude or sound-path-distance to trigger (TOF) in A- or B-Gate.
Note that in ENCODED mode, DATA SOURCE changes can only be made when the display is frozen.

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 93

8. Working in TOP View (Optional Feature)

 6WRULQJWKH7239LHZ'DWD  :KLOHWKHLQVWUXPHQWLVVWLOOLQ)5$0(9,(:PRGH

ENCODER details are supplied to the Phasor in the
TOP View data can be stored directly in a data set. All &/2&.PHQXDQGWKHJDWHVDUHSRVLWLRQHGWRLGHQ-
four TOP View DATA SOURCEs are held in the data set. tify the area of interest to be displayed on the TOP
When retrieved, all data analysis described in Section 8.3 Veiw.
can be conducted on the TOP View data. Note that the
stored data set will not include A-Scans.
While TOP View mode is active, press or press
below STOP to freeze the display. This activates the
Frozen TOP View menu (shown in Figure 8-7). Set the
ACTION Function (located in the FILE Menu) to STORE
DATA SET and continue the data set storing process (as
described in Section 6.1). Alternatively, after the ACTION
Function is set to STORE DATA SET, press and hold
(at any time) for three seconds to store the data set.
Similarly, setting the function to STORE REPORT
and holding generates a report. This storing process
DXWRPDWLFDOO\ LQFUHPHQWV WKH GDWD VHWV RU UHSRUWV OH-
name. Note that the data acquisition process is interrupted
while carrying out this ACTION and the TOP View data
buffer is cleared.
NOTE: Pressing below CLEAR, while the TOP View
is acquiring data, immediately eliminates all unsaved
TOP View data and restarts the display acquisition
process. When the TOP View display is STOPped (or
frozen), pressing below START also eliminates
all unsaved TOP View data and restarts the display
acquisition process. Pressing below RESUME
(when displayed) continues the acquisition of additional
data.
NOTE: When the TOP View display is frozen, switch-
ing the acquisition mode from TIMED to ENCODED
(or vice versa) will result in a loss of data. Data to be
retained must be stored in a data set prior to changing
WKH &/2&. VHWWLQJ 6LPLODUO\ VHOHFWLQJ DQG DOWHULQJ
functions that require a recalculation of instrument
parameters will result in loss of unsaved TOP View
data.
  VLQJ7239LHZV(1&2'('0RGH
8
8VHU$SSOLFDWLRQ6XPPDU\
A typical TOP View data-acquisition session may be
conducted in the following manner:
 $SUREHLVVHOHFWHGWRFRYHUDQDUHDRIWHVWPDWHULDO
material with multiple straight beams. Suitable cou-
pling is chosen and an appropriate ultrasonic setup
is performed on the instrument.
Page 94
 7KH&/2&.)XQFWLRQLQWKH6&$10HQXLVVHW
to TIMED, and TOP View selected. A trial test is
performed to satisfy the operator that settings result
in the desired TOP View. If this is not the case, the
operator can return to FRAME view and make ad-
justments. Alternatively, some adjustments can be
made during this TIMED TOP View session includ-
ing gate, gate position, TCG band pass controls,
and others.
 $IWHUDOODGMXVWPHQWDUHPDGHWKHRSHUDWRUWKHQ
switches to encoded mode, presumably with the
intent of storing the acquired data.
 7KHWHVWSLHFHLVVFDQQHGXQWLOWKHDUHDLVFRYHUHG
RUWKHEXIIHULVOOHGZKLFKHYHUFRPHVUVW
 ,IWKHVFDQLVFRPSOHWHGEHIRUHWKHEXIIHULVIXOOWKH
operator selects STOP or presses .
 $WWKLVSRLQWDFTXLUHGGDWDFDQEHDQDO\]HGLPPH-
diately stored to, or discarded.
 ,IWKHGDWDLVVWRUHGLQDGDWDVHWLWFDQnot be im-
mediately analyzed the data at that time, and must
instead be analyzed after a recalling of the data set.
 )URPWKH7239LHZ&RQWURO0HQXVWKHRSHUD-
tor can select START to begin a new acquisition
session, or change back to FRAME view for closer
inspection of a selected region, or select TIMED
mode to adjust settings prior to creating a new
image.
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
 ,QGH[

Index
A BIP.................................................................................. 62

A%A................................................................................ 63 BRIGHTNESS .......................................................... 15, 52

$$A.............................................................................. 32 BUD ................................................................................ 34

A%B.......................................................................... 34, 63 buffer .............................................................................. 83

A%cA.............................................................................. 63 BW.................................................................................. 70

A-Scan (Conventional) ................................................... 56

C
A-SCAN MODE .............................................................. 34
CALIBRAT ...................................................................... 29
A-Scan Range ................................................................ 56
Calibrating ...................................................................... 57
A-Scan REJECT Level ................................................... 56
CLEAR............................................................................ 92
ACTION .......................................................................... 74
CLEAR DATASET........................................................... 76
Alarms ............................................................................ 61
&/2&. ........................................................................... 84
AMP1.............................................................................. 36
COLOR..................................................................... 15, 52
AMP2.............................................................................. 36
COLOR ASCAN.............................................................. 15
AMPL CORRECT ........................................................... 71
COLOR LEG............................................................. 23, 63
AMP COLOR PALET...................................................... 15
CONFIG Submenu ......................................................... 48
AMP COLOR PALETTE ................................................. 85
Connecting a Conventional Probe.................................. 53
ANGLE ........................................................................... 17
Conventional operation Home Menu .............................. 46
Angle Beam Probes........................................................ 62
conventional probe ......................................................... 53
ANGLE START............................................................... 21
conventional ultrasonic mode ......................................... 45
ANGULAR CORRECTED VIEW .................................... 23
CURSOR 1 ............................................................... 36, 92
APERATURE.................................................................. 23
CURSOR 2 ..................................................................... 36
ASCAN COLOR ............................................................. 53
cyclic gain control ........................................................... 42
ASCAN MODE ............................................................... 90
CYC GAIN CNTL............................................................ 42
AS AQUIRED.................................................................. 92
AUTOCAL....................................................................... 57 D
axes ................................................................................ 31 DA................................................................................... 63
A Gate............................................................................. 60 DA/.................................................................................. 34
'$A................................................................................. 34
%
DAC ................................................................................ 66
B-Gate ............................................................................ 60
DAC Curve ..................................................................... 66
%$&.*528' ................................................................ 14
DAMPING....................................................................... 54
battery pack ...................................................................... 5
Data Set Files ........................................................... 73, 74
BEAM ............................................................................. 32
DATA SOURCE .............................................................. 85
BEAM CURSOR....................................................... 43, 44
DATE ........................................................................ 14, 52
BEAM GROUP ............................................................... 42
DATE FORMAT ........................................................ 13, 51
Beam Ultrasonic Depth................................................... 34
DB/.................................................................................. 34

PHASOR XS Operating Manual Page 95

,QGH[

dBA (analog gain) ..................................................... 36, 38 FRAME ........................................................................... 83

dBcA ............................................................................... 63 )UHH]H.H\ ................................................................. 7, 46
dBD (digital gain) ...................................................... 36, 38 Freeze Menu .................................................................. 36
dB REF ........................................................................... 36 Freeze Mode (Phased Array) ......................................... 36
dB STEP......................................................................... 65 Freezing.......................................................................... 65
DELAY VELOCITY ......................................................... 70 FREQUENCY ..................................................... 16, 25, 54
DELETE CURVE ............................................................ 44 FULLWAVE............................................................... 26, 55
DEPTH BASED .............................................................. 28 )XQFWLRQ5RWDU\.QRE................................................. 7, 46
DGS................................................................................ 69
G
DGS Reference Curve.................................................... 69
Gain ................................................................................ 65
DIALOG PROBE ............................................................ 74
Gain (Phased Array) ....................................................... 36
Dialog Probe................................................................... 16
*DLQ,QFUHPHQW.H\.................................................... 7, 46
DISPLAY................................................................... 14, 52
*DLQ5RWDU\.QRE ................................................. 7, 46, 65
DISPLAY-COLOR ........................................................... 52
Gain Step........................................................................ 65
DISPLAY-GRID............................................................... 52
Gate-Alarm Logic............................................................ 62
DISPLAY DELAY ...................................................... 23, 56
GATEMODE ................................................................... 26
DISPLAY LENGTH ................................................... 84, 86
GATES............................................................................ 59
display screen................................................................. 10
Gates Menu .................................................................... 59
Display Screen Features ................................................ 49
GATE DISPLAY .............................................................. 27
Display Screen Features (Phased Array) ....................... 10
GATE POS ..................................................................... 26
Display Screen Features (Conventional)........................ 49
GATE SELECT ............................................................... 27
DISPLAY START ............................................................ 23
GATE SHAPE................................................................. 28
Distance Gain Sizing ...................................................... 69
GATE START............................................................ 27, 60
DUAL .............................................................................. 53
GATE THRESHOLD................................................. 27, 61
E GATE WIDTH ........................................................... 27, 60
EFF. DIAMETER............................................................. 70 Gr.............................................................................. 63, 72
ELEM 1 POS .................................................................. 18 Gt.................................................................................... 63
ENCODED...................................................................... 85
H
ENCODER...................................................................... 86
HDR IN REPORT ........................................................... 76
encoder........................................................................... 86
HEADER......................................................................... 76
ENERGY ........................................................................ 55
HIGH END ...................................................................... 18
ERS ................................................................................ 63
+RPH.H\................................................................... 7, 46
F
I
FBH .......................................................................... 70, 72
Icons ............................................................................... 50
FILENAME................................................................ 75, 92
IF Gate............................................................................ 27
FILES Menu.................................................................... 73
IF START........................................................................ 24
)/$1. ...................................................................... 28, 61
IMAGE ............................................................................ 14
FOCAL POINT................................................................ 21

Page 96 PHASOR XS Operating Manual


IMAGE BASED............................................................... 28
INCH......................................................................... 13, 52
INT MEMORY................................................................. 74
IP START........................................................................ 24
K
.H\SDG ............................................................................. 6
.QRE ................................................................................. 6
.QRE(PXODWRU.H\..................................................... 7, 46
/
L1-2 ................................................................................ 36
LANGUAGE.............................................................. 13, 51
large reading box............................................................ 64
LEG ................................................................................ 23
LINEAR SCAN TYPE ..................................................... 21
Lithium battery pack ......................................................... 5
LOGIC ...................................................................... 28, 62
longitudinal ..................................................................... 21
LOW END....................................................................... 18
M 3%A ................................................................................. 34
0DJQLHG9LHZ.H\ .................................................... 7, 46
MATERIAL................................................................ 21, 24
MAT ATTN ...................................................................... 71
0$77+,&.1(66........................................................... 21
Measured Results (Phased Array).................................. 32
MEAS 1 .................................................................... 36, 92
MEAS 2 .......................................................................... 36
MEMO ............................................................................ 76
MEMO IN REPORT........................................................ 76
menus............................................................................... 8
MM............................................................................ 13, 52
0RGH6HOHFWRU.H\ ..................................................... 7, 46
N
NEGATIVE...................................................................... 28
NEG HALFWAVE ..................................................... 26, 55
NEW DATA ..................................................................... 84
NUMBER of ELEMENTS................................................ 16
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
,QGH[
O
OFFLN DB...................................................................... 36
OFFSET Z ...................................................................... 17
On and Off ...................................................................... 46
Outputting ....................................................................... 78
Outputting via the RS-232 Serial Port ............................ 78
OUTPUT SELECT.......................................................... 62
P
P%A................................................................................ 32
P%B................................................................................ 32
P1 ................................................................................... 36
P1-2 ................................................................................ 36
P2 ................................................................................... 36
PA ................................................................................... 63
PA/ .................................................................................. 33
3$A ................................................................................. 33
PART .............................................................................. 21
PART NUMBER.............................................................. 16
PB/.................................................................................. 34
PDA/ ............................................................................... 33
3'$A .............................................................................. 32
3'%A ........................................................................ 32, 33
3($. .................................................................. 28, 61, 90
Phased Array Home Menu ............................................... 7
Phased Array Probe ....................................................... 15
PITCH............................................................................. 16
POINT GAIN................................................................... 43
POINT POS .................................................................... 43
POSITION ...................................................................... 60
Positioning Gates ........................................................... 60
POSITIVE ....................................................................... 28
POS HALFWAVE...................................................... 26, 55
Powering On..................................................................... 6
Power Adapter .................................................................. 6
3RZHU.H\ .................................................................. 7, 46
PPA/................................................................................ 33
33$A ............................................................................... 32
Page 97
,QGH[
PPB/ ............................................................................... 33
33%A............................................................................... 32
PRB DAT ........................................................................ 16
PRB GEO ....................................................................... 16
Pre-calibration Check List............................................... 57
PRF ................................................................................ 54
PRF MODE..................................................................... 54
PRF VALUE.................................................................... 54
Printing a Report............................................................. 76
PROBE # ........................................................................ 69
PROBE ANGLE .............................................................. 62
Probe Attachment ........................................................... 53
PROBE DELAY .............................................................. 58
Probe Delay.................................................................... 17
Probe Index Point ........................................................... 17
PROBE NAME................................................................ 69
Probe Type ..................................................................... 53
PSA/ ............................................................................... 33
36$A............................................................................... 32
PSB .......................................................................... 39, 40
PSB/ ............................................................................... 33
36%A............................................................................... 32
PULSER ................................................................... 54, 55
Pulser ............................................................................. 24
PULSER-DAMPING ....................................................... 54
Pulser ENERGY Level.................................................... 55
Pulser Repetition Frequency .......................................... 54
pulser voltage ................................................................. 24
pulser width .................................................................... 25
PZA/................................................................................ 33
3=$A............................................................................... 32
PZB/................................................................................ 33
3=%A............................................................................... 32
R SAMPLE INTERVL......................................................... 86
RA................................................................................... 63
RANGE........................................................................... 56
RANGE Submenu .......................................................... 48
READING ....................................................................... 34
Page 98
reading boxes ................................................................. 64
Recall.............................................................................. 75
RECEIVER ............................................................... 53, 55
Receiver ......................................................................... 24
RECEIVER-FREQUENCY ............................................. 54
receiver frequency .......................................................... 25
RECORD ........................................................................ 58
5HFWLFDWLRQ .................................................................... 25
5HFWLFDWLRQ0RGH .......................................................... 55
RECTIFY .................................................................. 25, 55
Reference Echo.............................................................. 69
REFERENCE TYPE ....................................................... 70
REF ATTEN .................................................................... 71
REF CORR..................................................................... 71
REF ECHO ..................................................................... 70
REGIONAL ............................................................... 13, 51
REJECT.......................................................................... 56
Report............................................................................. 76
Report Header ................................................................ 76
RESULTS ....................................................................... 63
RESULTS1 ............................................................... 34, 36
RESUME ........................................................................ 92
RF............................................................................. 26, 55
RS-232 ........................................................................... 78
RS-232 Serial Port.......................................................... 78
S
S-REF1..................................................................... 57, 58
S-REF2..................................................................... 57, 58
S_BM1............................................................................ 36
S_BM2............................................................................ 36
SA................................................................................... 63
6$A ................................................................................. 33
SAB ................................................................................ 63
SAMPLE INTRVL ........................................................... 84
SAVE EDITS............................................................. 64, 75
SB................................................................................... 63
SB/.................................................................................. 34
PHASOR XS Operating Manual

6%A ................................................................................. 34
SBA........................................................................... 33, 63
scan parameters............................................................. 21
SCAN PATTERN ............................................................ 21
SDH ................................................................................ 70
SD CARD ....................................................................... 74
SECTOR SCAN TYPE ................................................... 21
SERIAL NUMBER .......................................................... 16
Software Updates ........................................................... 11
SOURCE/DEST.............................................................. 74
START ............................................................................ 92
STARTUP ................................................................. 13, 51
Startup Mode .................................................................. 11
STEP .............................................................................. 23
STOP.............................................................................. 92
STORE DATASET .................................................... 74, 75
submenus ......................................................................... 8
SYNCH ........................................................................... 24
T
TCG ................................................................................ 67
TCG EDIT....................................................................... 42
TCG Mode (Phased Array) ............................................. 39
TCG Reference Points ................................................... 67
TEST ATTEN .................................................................. 71
7+,&.1(66 ................................................................... 62
THRESHOLD ................................................................. 27
TIME ......................................................................... 14, 52
TIMED ............................................................................ 84
Time Formats ........................................................... 13, 51
TOF COLOR PALETTE.................................................. 85
TOF MODE............................................................... 28, 61
TOP View........................................................................ 83
TOP View Control Menu ................................................. 90
TRANSFER CORR......................................................... 71
transverse acoustic velocities......................................... 21
TRIG ............................................................................... 62
TRIG Menu ..................................................................... 62
TTL #1 ............................................................................ 28
PHASOR XS Operating Manual
,QGH[
TTL OUT......................................................................... 62
TTL Outputs.................................................................... 61
8
UNFOCUSED................................................................. 21
UNITS............................................................................. 13
Units of Measurement .................................................... 52
USER GAIN.................................................................... 65
USER GAIN STEP ......................................................... 65
UT Menu......................................................................... 26
9
VELOCITY................................................................ 17, 58
VELOCITY L................................................................... 21
VELOCITY T................................................................... 21
VIDEO REVERSE .......................................................... 15
View (Phased Array)....................................................... 31
VIEW MODE................................................................... 83
9LHZ6HOHFW.H\................................................................ 7
VIEW WINDOW.............................................................. 92
VOLTAGE ....................................................................... 24
voltage ............................................................................ 55
W
WAVE TYPE ................................................................... 21
WDGE DAT .................................................................... 17
WDGE GEO ................................................................... 17
wedge angle ................................................................... 17
WEDGE FRONT............................................................. 18
WIDTH............................................................................ 27
X
XTAL FREQUENCY ....................................................... 70
X VALUE......................................................................... 63
=
Z1 ................................................................................... 36
Z1-2 ................................................................................ 36
Z2 ................................................................................... 36
ZA/ .................................................................................. 34
=$A ................................................................................. 34
Page 99
The equipement that you bought has required the extraction and use of natural resources
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If you need more information on the collection, reuse, and recycling systems, please con-
tact your local or regional waste administration.

Visit www.ge.com/inspectiontechnologies for take-back instructions and more information

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