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CHEMISTRY
Paper 2 (8402/2)
Mark scheme
8402
June 2014
It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further developed and
expanded on the basis of students reactions to a particular paper. Assumptions about future mark
schemes on the basis of one years document should be avoided; whilst the guiding principles of
assessment remain constant, details will change, depending on the content of a particular
examination paper.
Information to Examiners
1. General
The mark scheme for each question shows:
the marks available for each part of the question
the total marks available for the question
the typical answer or answers which are expected
extra information to help the Examiner make his or her judgement and help to delineate
what is acceptable or not worthy of credit or, in discursive answers, to give an overview
of the area in which a mark or marks may be awarded.
The extra information is aligned to the appropriate answer in the left-hand part of the mark
scheme and should only be applied to that item in the mark scheme.
At the beginning of a part of a question a reminder may be given, for example: where
consequential marking needs to be considered in a calculation; or the answer may be on
the diagram or at a different place on the script.
In general the right-hand side of the mark scheme is there to provide those extra details
which confuse the main part of the mark scheme yet may be helpful in ensuring that
marking is straightforward and consistent.
2. Emboldening
2.1 In a list of acceptable answers where more than one mark is available any two
from is used, with the number of marks emboldened. Each of the following bullet
points is a potential mark.
2.2 A bold and is used to indicate that both parts of the answer are required to award
the mark.
2.3 Alternative answers acceptable for a mark are indicated by the use of or. Different
terms in the mark scheme are shown by a / ; eg allow smooth / free movement.
3. Marking points
3.1 Marking of lists
This applies to questions requiring a set number of responses, but for which
students have provided extra responses. The general principle to be followed in
such a situation is that right + wrong = wrong.
Each error / contradiction negates each correct response. So, if the number of error
/ contradictions equals or exceeds the number of marks available for the question,
no marks can be awarded.
However, responses considered to be neutral (indicated as * in example 1) are not
penalised.
Example 1: What is the pH of an acidic solution? (1 mark)
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
In Question 5(b) students are required to produce extended written material in English, and
will be assessed on the quality of their written communication as well as the standard of the
scientific response.
Level 1: basic
Knowledge of basic information
Simple understanding
The answer is poorly organised, with almost no specialist terms and their use
demonstrating a general lack of understanding of their meaning, little or no detail
The spelling, punctuation and grammar are very weak.
Level 2: clear
Knowledge of accurate information
Clear understanding
The answer has some structure and organisation, use of specialist terms has been
attempted but not always accurately, some detail is given
There is reasonable accuracy in spelling, punctuation and grammar, although there may
still be some errors.
Level 3: detailed
Knowledge of accurate information appropriately contextualised
Detailed understanding, supported by relevant evidence and examples
Answer is coherent and in an organised, logical sequence, containing a wide range of
appropriate or relevant specialist terms used accurately.
The answer shows almost faultless spelling, punctuation and grammar.
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
1(b)(ii) does not break down / accept is stable to heat or has not 1 AO2
decompose reacted or not hot enough to
1.3g, 1.3i,
break down
5.3a
do not accept incorrect references
to reactivity
accept no gas is given off
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
Question 1 continued
1(c)(iii) no carbon dioxide or gas not do not accept insufficient carbon 1 AO1
carbon dioxide dioxide
5.3a
because rubidium carbonate does accept not hot enough to break 1
not break down down
if no other mark gained, allow air
in the tube expands when heated
or feasible alternative gas for 1
mark
Total 11
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
2(c)(iii) so that a mean can be calculated accept improves accuracy of the 1 AO2
mean or so anomalies can be
6.1a
identified / discarded or to reduce
effect of random errors
ignore makes it a fair test
ignore reliability, validity,
repeatability, reproducibility
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Question 2 continued
Total 11
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3(b) 20 1 AO2
32 1 6.1b
12 allow ecf 1
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Question 3 continued
Total 16
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
4(c)(i) gains oxygen and water or allow reacts with or gains oxygen 1 AO2
oxygen and water are added allow reacts with or gains water
1.3h
allow reacts with or gains
elements which add to mass
ignore iron oxide forms
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
Question 4 continued
4(c)(iii) use a (bigger) flask or let air into ignore more water 1 AO3
the tube or leave for less time or
3.3a
to make sure sufficient oxygen / accept converse 1
air or not all oxygen used up
if no other marks awarded allow
change in surface area for rusting
or change in number of nails for 1
mark
Total 12
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
Question 5 continued
3AO1 / 3AO3
5(b) 6 marks
6.2d, 6.2h
Marks awarded for this answer will be determined by the Quality of Communication (QC) as well as the
standard of the scientific response. Examiners should also refer to the information on page 5 and apply a
best-fit approach to the marking.
0 marks Level 1 (12 marks) Level 2 (34 marks) Level 3 (56 marks)
No relevant content Simple list of a limited A broader set of points Answer includes linking
number of points given, made. There will between ideas, showing
with no linking between probably not be links the consequence of
ideas between ideas either not recycling or
the advantage of
recycling. Answers such
as less fossil fuel
needed so less carbon
dioxide produced or
less carbon dioxide
produced so less global
warming
resources
(recycling) conserves supplies of ores
copper available for longer
as (at present rate of use) copper ores will
run out in about 35 years
(recycling) conserves supplies of fossil fuels or
energy
less fuel used at a lower cost
land pollution
mining scars landscape or produces noise pollution
mining destroys wildlife habitats
(recycling) less need to mine ores/fossil fuels
so less habitat destroyed or less scarring of
landscape
(recycling) less need to use landfill for waste
atmospheric pollution
burning fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide /
greenhouse gas
which (may) cause global warming or
climate change
extraction produces sulfur dioxide
which causes acid rain
which can kill trees / fish
Question 5 continues on the next page
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Question 5 continued
Total 11
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
6(b) 2 HCl + CaO CaCl2 + H2O accept multiples and fractions AO2
formulae ignore state symbols 1 1.3f, 5.1a
balancing (dependent on first 1
mark)
6(d) add excess calcium carbonate to ignore heating the acid 1 AO1
acid (and stir) / add CaCO3 until accept answer using calcium
5.1c, 5.2a,
fizzing stops oxide in place of calcium
5.2b
carbonate
(remove excess calcium 1
carbonate by) filter(ing)
warm until a saturated solution do not accept heat until all water 1
forms / point of crystallisation / gone
crystals start to form
leave to cool dependent on previous mark 1
If solution not heated
allow leave to evaporate (1)
until crystals form (1)
6(e)(ii) same result with magnesium do not accept reference to any 1 AO3
(ions) other ion(s) that do not give a
14.1b
white precipitate
accept other named ions that do
give a white precipitate
Question 6 continues on the next page
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Question 6 continued
Total 13
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MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
7(b)(ii) if answer from (b)(i) used: allow ecf from (b)(i) 1 AO2
(3318 / 0.85) = 3904 accept 2 sig figs up to calculator 11.2b
value
if value of 3000 used:
3000 / 0.85 = 3529
7(c)(i) the more carbon atoms in one do not accept proportional 1 AO3
molecule, the more heat energy is
11.2b
given out
Question 7 continues on the next page
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Question 7 continued
7(c)(ii) heat loss (to surroundings or to accept not all energy used to heat 1 AO3
the can or to the air) water
11.2b
allow incomplete combustion
allow not all burned
ignore thermometer or balance
errors
Total 16
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