SPIDER

SCADA/EMS/DMS

Users Guide
Getting Started Using SCADA

Abstract This document contains the introduction to the Network Manager

system for operators.

Document Identity: 1KSE 000 177 Revision: 02

Reference Identity: WAG101 Variant: J

We reserve all rights in this document and in the information therein.

Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.
Copyright 1999 ABB

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Approved by:

Technical Reference: Daniel Bergstrm

Date Revision Synopsis

2004-01-23 00 SPR-D24020019, SPR-S02040010: Default interlock

rules for tagging, command dialogue and manual data
entry extended.
2004-02-25 01 SPR-S02040035. Network Manager changed to
SCADA
2005-02-14 02 SPR-SOM050151, Minor updates
2005-03-24 03 Getting started guide adapted for WS500 standalone
installation.

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Table of Contents
Preface ...................................................................................................... 5
Purpose .................................................................................................................5
Intended Audience ................................................................................................5
Structure of the Document ...................................................................................5
Associated Documents .........................................................................................5
Conventions ..........................................................................................................5
Trademarks ...........................................................................................................5
1 About this book ................................................................................. 6
2 Basic Operation................................................................................. 7
2.1 Start of WS500 ..........................................................................................7
2.1.1 Picture call up ......................................................................................................... 7
2.2 The graphical user interface ......................................................................8
2.2.1 Menu bar picture call up......................................................................................... 9
2.2.2 The Toolbar ............................................................................................................ 9
2.2.3 Poke points ............................................................................................................. 9
2.2.4 DF-keys .................................................................................................................. 9
2.2.5 Using the right click pop up menu ......................................................................... 9
2.3 Using the mouse to Zoom and Pan ...........................................................9
2.4 Alarm, Event and Sequence of Event lists ..............................................10
2.4.1 Event List ............................................................................................................. 10
2.4.2 Alarm List ............................................................................................................ 10
2.4.3 SOE/Sequence of Events ...................................................................................... 11
3 Control and Regulation of objects ................................................. 12
3.1 Basic Authority concept ..........................................................................12
3.2 To Open and Close Breakers ..................................................................12
3.2.1 Interlock rules: Bypass ......................................................................................... 13
3.3 To issue Lower and Raise Commands to tap changers ...........................13
3.4 To issue Set Point Values to Local Regulation equipment .....................14
4 Symbols and Colors ....................................................................... 15
5 Glossary and Abbreviations........................................................... 16
5.1 Glossary ..................................................................................................16
6 List of References ........................................................................... 23

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Table of Figures
Figure 1: WS500s graphical user interface .............................................................8
Figure 2: Example of poke point in picture .............................................................9
Figure 3: Dynamic Function Keys ...........................................................................9
Figure 4: Command dialog box .............................................................................13
Figure 5: Regulate Stepwise dialog box.................................................................14
Figure 6: Regulate Set-point dialog box ................................................................14
Figure 7: Quality coding in color and prefix ..........................................................15

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Preface

Purpose
The purpose of this document is to be an introduction to using the SCADA
system.

Intended Audience
The document is intended for the future SCADA WS500 users.

Structure of the Document

Chapter 1 Describes the intention and principles of this book
Chapter 2 Describes the basic operation of the SCADA system
Chapter 3 Describes the control and regulation of objects
Chapter 4 Describes the usage of colors, prefixes and symbols
Chapter 5 Is a system glossary and abbreviation explanation chapter
Chapter 6 Describes references to other documents

Associated Documents
The WS500 on-line help system and other WAG and WAH user documents

Conventions
None

Trademarks
None

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1 About this book

This guide gives a short introduction in how to use the SCADA system. It is not
intended to describe the total functional scope of the system. This, getting started
guide, is intended as a short abstract, and a complement to the detailed
information within the on-line help system of the SCADA WS500 operator station
HMI and to other user documents. There are additional documents in the WAG
series of documents, describing how to use the various applications in the
SCADA system.
The terminology used in this guide is aimed to follow the naming convention of
the Microsoft Windows systems. There is also a glossary in chapter 5 of this
document system related names.
The complementary detailed on-line help information is found in the WS500 on-
line help system. The system can be found under Help in the WS500 menu bar.

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2 Basic Operation

2.1 Start of WS500

WS500 is started from the Start menu in a Microsoft Windows PC. Select
Start/ABB/WS500/WS500.

2.1.1 Picture call up

To begin navigation, a picture must be manually opened.

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2.2 The graphical user interface

The graphical interface consists of a Microsoft Windows styled application
window. A menu, toolbars and an area for picture presentation can be found in the
application. Up to 4 pictures can be presented in one WS500.

Figure 1: WS500s graphical user interface

Process information is presented in process pictures and in lists. Dialogs are

selected from menus and performed with the help of dialog boxes. Both pictures
and dialogs can be selected by shortcuts; a combination of keys on the keyboard
and/or the mouse.

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2.2.1 Menu bar picture call up

The menu bar contains selections for both program functions and for picture
presentation. The normal usage of the menu bar picture navigation is for
subsystem overview picture presentation.

2.2.2 The Toolbar

The toolbar is used for frequently used functions and are represented by an icon.
The tooltip function presents a textual explanation of the icon.

2.2.3 Poke points

Poke points (push buttons) are presented within pictures using a text or icon and
can be used for picture call up, for program start, and function start up.

Figure 2: Example of poke point in picture

2.2.4 DF-keys
Each picture in the system has 10 Dynamic Function Keys (DFKs or Softkeys).
DFKs can be used for picture call up, for program start, and function start up. The
functions associated with the DFKs are shown in plain text.

Figure 3: Dynamic Function Keys

2.2.5 Using the right click pop up menu

A two-button mouse is used to operate the cursor. With Mouse Button 1 (MB1)
functions and objects can be selected. Pressing MB2 presents a pop-up menu. The
possible selectable items in the pop-up depend upon the type of object selected
when MB2 is pressed.

2.3 Using the mouse to Zoom and Pan

Zoom is easiest performed by pressing MB1 and while MB1 is pressed, moving
the cursor. The new-presented area of the picture will be the rectangle, created by
the mouse movement.

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The zoom-functions are used to enlarge and reduce the size of the information of
the pictures. More information may also be added to the Declutter levels (DCL).
"Zoom in" will then give an "Information zooming", providing this function has
been selected during picture engineering. Information zooming can also be
performed in steps using the Up and Down Declutter functions.

Zoom Home will return the picture to the zoom and declutter level it had when it
was originally selected. Using the Zoom Area function, the selected part of a
picture will proportionally be enlarged to the window size.

Pan is made in a zoomed display, either by pressing MB2 and dragging the cursor
when MB2 still is pressed, or by using the vertical and horizontal scrollbars.
Panning can also be done by pressing MB1 + Ctrl + Shift, but then you click on
the area of the picture that you want to put focus on.

2.4 Alarm, Event and Sequence of Event lists

There are a number of lists with event and alarm messages:
Alarm list.
Event list.
Sequence of Event List (SOE), containing status changes of breakers, start/stop and
trip signals from overload relays and messages from disturbance analyzers.

2.4.1 Event List

When the Event List is selected, the first page of events is presented. New events
are automatically presented on top of the first page.

2.4.2 Alarm List

The alarm list contains unacknowledged and persistent alarms. Unlike the event
list, the alarm list is not circular in that it may be topped up with new alarms. The
alarm list contains a number of messages. When the Alarm List is selected, the
first page is presented.
The following colors are used:
Red unacknowledged alarm.
Green active acknowledged alarm.
Yellow non-active unacknowledged alarm.

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2.4.3 SOE/Sequence of Events

The Sequence of Events List contains messages from the process with a more
accurate time tagging than the event list. Only signals collected by special process
communication terminals have this possibility. The time tagging is carried out in
the RTU.
Depending on the accuracy of the time stamp the seconds can be presented with
one, two or three decimals.

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3 Control and Regulation of objects

3.1 Basic Authority concept

The authority assignment is carried out in the context of the Operator's login. For
each operator account, a specific authority for actions and/or picture selection in
the power and control systems is defined.

3.2 To Open and Close Breakers

Selecting a picture element representing the object to control and then selecting
Command issue a command. The command is then issued from the dialog box
that appears.
The prerequisites for on/off or continuous control commands are:
The workplace is connected to the on-line application server.
Authority for the action has been established.
Remote control is not blocked.
The object is not controlled from any other workplace.
The object is not waiting for the response to a previously entered command.
The object is marked as updated.
The object is not marked as update blocked.
Contact has been established with the remote terminal unit concerned.
Any Interlock rules for the object are fulfilled, if defined.
If any of these prerequisites is not met, a message explaining the situation is
output. An alarm is also issued on a command sequence error. An object selection,
which is not allowed, results in one error message in the error message box and
one in the Event list. If no command acknowledgment has been returned within a
certain time, an alarm is issued. The color for 'pending command' is displayed.
A comment can be made in the dialog box. It is shown when the dialog box is
presented again and in the information-picture for that object.
The dialog is also used to switchover between Auto and Manual control modes of
regulatory objects.

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There are default interlock checks that can be used with the command dialogue.
These default interlock checks include the following three checks:
Connecting grounded and energized devices
Connecting two network groups
Opening critical path, where at least one load will be deenergized
Closing network loops
In addition there can be other default interlock rules associated with tags.

Figure 4: Command dialog box

3.2.1 Interlock rules: Bypass

If the Interlock rules for an object are not fulfilled the bypass function can be used
under special circumstances.

3.3 To issue Lower and Raise Commands to tap changers

Step-wise control can only be executed if the device (e.g. a tap changer) is in the
manual mode. If not, change the object mode by means of the command dialog.
The control actions are logged in the event list.
A comment can be made in the dialog box. It is shown when the dialog box is
presented again and in the information-picture for this object.
This dialog does not have a time-out and will not be automatically canceled.

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Figure 5: Regulate Stepwise dialog box

3.4 To issue Set Point Values to Local Regulation equipment

The object must be in Auto mode. If not, change the object mode by means of the
Command dialog.
If the regulator is in manual mode, the setpoint value is sent but not executed until
the regulator is in the auto mode. An error message will be displayed if the value
is not accepted.
A comment can be made in the dialog box. It is shown when the dialog box is
presented again and in the information picture for that object.
This dialog does not have a time-out and will not be automatically canceled.

Figure 6: Regulate Set-point dialog box

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4 Symbols and Colors

The following colors and prefixes are used in the SCADA system:
Color Prefix Description
Measurand
Red A Alarm
Yellow W Warning
Brown (#) Command blocked
Off-white Pending command
Light Green Updated values, normal telemetered values
Dark Green Information of background nature, spare points
Magenta < Not updated
D Deactivated
Violet * Alarm processing blocked
Cyan M Manually entered
Light Beige Historical values, alphanumeric data
Dark Beige Lead texts
White Selected object

Figure 7: Quality coding in color and prefix

For the usage of symbols, please see the CMTE0501 pictures.

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5 Glossary and Abbreviations

5.1 Glossary
Accumulated value A value gathered by a pulse counter, e.g. energy value.
Application server Application Servers are those servers that perform functions
without direct dual communication except via the LAN.
Single or double computers can build up each Application
Server. The number of servers that are needed depends on
the total functionality of the installation and the
performance and availability requirements imposed with
this.
Avanti A database system developed by ABB. Avanti contains a
database as well as tools for access and maintenance of the
database.
Back-up value Manually entered value for measured values and
indications.
Blocking The function is used to inhibit specific types of processing
of acquired data. It is possible to block the acquisition of
data, the processing of alarms, the control of power system
devices, the execution of calculations and the printout of
reports.
Bus line (Bus) A line for data transmission from any of several sources to
any of several destinations.
Command An operator or system initiated command changes the status
or value of a power system object or a control system
device. See Dialogue. Commands may be of the types:
*One-step command (immediate execute)
*Two-step command (with check-back before execute)
Concept A subset of logically related data. E.g. TRANSFORMER,
PUMP and MEASURAND are three concepts that refer to
three different logical data subsets. In the database, a
concept is usually implemented in the form of one or more
(logical) files.
Current value The value in the database from the latest updating of a
point.

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Data The representation of facts, concepts and instructions in a

form suited to transmission, interpretation, and processing
by men or machines. (SIS)
Database Data in the computer system that is organized and stored in
such a way that it is accessible by many different functions.
It consists of a number of files that are divided into records
that in turn are divided into items. General programs
(Accessing routines) are available for adding, changing and
reading of data in the database.
Data catalog An ordered set of data descriptions to enable finding of a
particular set of data. (SIS)
Also used as a name for the documentation of the database,
structures as:
Logical Data Structure
Data Exchange
Logical-to Physical Structure Translation
Database Generation Description
Declutter level Levels of information with increasing degree of detail.
Dialog The means for the Dispatch operator to control the power
and the control system, or to enter data into database. A
dialogue between the operator and the control system is
invoked by either of the push-buttons:
Command
Regulation
Data Entry
Dialog box A window called up by the user to perform a dialog. An
example is the Regulation dialog box for initiating a new
set point value.
Display A hardware device (CRT, LCD etc.) used to present
pictorial information.
Dual computer system A computer system consisting of two computers, an on-line
and a standby computer.
Engineering value A recorded value from the power system can be presented
as an engineering value in, e.g. Volts or Amperes.
Equipment Statistics A function for recording and presentation of the wear and
tear on objects or devices.

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Event Handling Group An Event Handling Group defines the specific event and
alarm processing, for measured values events and indication
changes.
Measured Value Event Group and
Indication Event Group
Are used for specification of that processing.
Events Changes of state in the power or the control system that
requires some action of the operator.
Flag A marking in the database that may hold the value one or
zero.
Hysteresis The value changes from the alarm limit until the alarm
resets.
Icon A symbol representing a minimized window.
Indication A measured point that assume to values
- 0 and 1 for single indications
- 01 and 10 for double indications
(the intermediate states 11 and 00 may also occur).
Inhibit To prevent a specific alarm/event from being reported.
Instance A concept in the database consists of a number of instances.
Item Every item of a record describes a property, e.g. the text for
event printout of an indication.
Interlocking Conditional check before executing commands.
Logging Storage of data (Indications or Measured values) for, e.g.
presentation or calculations.
Measured value A concept covering numeric values representing real or
imaginary measuring points in the process.
On-line server The active state of a server in a redundant computer system.

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Operation mode The modes and the pictures are divided into groups on the
basis of application. The following operation modes may
exist:
- <<Power System Operation
- Power System Control
- Power System Planning
- Transmission
- Transmission Studies
- Distribution Monitoring
- Distribution Planning
- Control System Operation
- Control System Maintenance>>
Operator's console Comprises the equipment by which the operator controls
the process.
Persistent faults The persistent fault marking indicates that, after some
event, an abnormal state persists, either in the process, or in
the control system.
Picture Dynamic information from the database, combined with
static graphic information and general information that can
be presented in a window on a CRT. Each picture has an
identity and belongs to a (sub) system and a picture type.
Point Designates an object or a collected value and its
description. A point can be: indication (single or double),
metered value, object control, regulation, set point, or
general output data.
Point data Point (Point Data) Collective term used to designate an
object or a collected value and their descriptions including
collection channel data.
Point identity The point name used for identification during dialog and
during maintenance of programs and database.
Point group Several points functionally associated.
Prefix Additional information to the color information.
A Alarm
D Deactivated
Process Communication The piece of H/W that connects the communication line and
Unit (PCU) which handles the RTU protocol.
Property Each instance of a concept is described by its properties.
Raise/Lower See Regulation

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Real-time database A database for momentary data as opposed to time tagged

data. Compare the study database.
Record Information about a unit of a file, e.g. an indication.
Regulation There are two types of regulation, step-wise (Raise/Lower
output by pulses) and set point control output is an analog
value. Objects with auto/manual position can use both
types.
Remote terminal unit The part of the control system that gathers data from the
power system and forwards commands to it.
Resolution The least value of the measured quantity that can be
distinguished.
Server See Application Server
Remote Communication Server (RCS)
Man-Machine Server
Stall alarm An alarm signal activated when both units of a dual
computer system have stopped.
Standby server Computer intended to take over control from the on-line
server in case the latter fails.
Study database A database which can be used for simulation, program test
and training. Compare with real-time database.
Switch-over Switchover from the on-line to the standby server.

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System and Subsystem Grouping of the supervised and supervising system into
logical quantities. May be done regarding different aspects
i.e.:
Hardware
Software
Functions
Organization
Some examples:
Organizational aspects:
Process System (e.g.: Power System)
- Generation
- Transmission
- Distribution
Control System
Hardware aspects:
Master Station
Remote Station
Communication Substation
Auxiliary Subsystem
Software aspects:
Programs
Data
Documentation
Functional aspects:
Data Acquisition subsystem
Data Processing Subsystem
Human-Machine Subsystem
Tagging Marking of objects to display important information. E.g.
used for 'work permits' on power system equipment. Some
tags may be used as condition for interlocking.
Time catalog A summary of times for which time tagged data is stored.

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Unacknowledged alarm The state of an event after the alarm has been raised but
before it has been acknowledged. If the event is associated
with a point, the mark for unacknowledged alarms of the
point is set. The mark is reset as a result of alarm
acknowledgment.
Value catalog A summary of point references in the database, which have
some use in common.

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6 List of References

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