PLANT CELL

ANIMAL CELL
 Plant cell parts and functions
The cell wall provides support, helps maintain cell shape, and prevents the
cell from taking on too much water and bursting.
the central vacuole functions as a holding tank for water and other molecules
used by the cell.
Chloroplasts-These double membrane bound organelles contain the green
pigment chlorophyll, which captures sunlight energy, so that the cell can
produce its own food, a process called photosyntheses.
Nucleus-it is the control center of the cell.

Endoplasmic reticulum-involved in making and transporting of lipids.

- rough endoplasmic reticulum, which is studded with ribosomes and

produces protein molecules and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which has no
ribosomes

Vesicles: These small shipping organelles are spheres of membrane that

break off from the plasma membrane or from membrane-bound organelles to
ship materials into, out of, or within the cell.

Lysosomes: This special type of vesicle contains enzymes that can break
down organic materials.

the Golgi body (also known as the Golgi apparatus) packages and ships
materials out of the cell.

Plasma membrane: This membranemade mainly of phospholipids, proteins

and sterolsis found in all eukaryotic cells, and serves as a barrier between
the inside and the outside of the cell.

Mitochondria: Tiny powerhouses of the cell, it transform food energy into ATP.

Cytoplasm: The contents of the cell, between the nucleus and plasma
membrane, consist of a gel-like fluid in which the organelles are suspended.

Cytoskeleton: This network of filaments and tubules spans the interior of the
cell. The cytoskeleton provides support, anchors organelles, and helps with
transport of materials within the cell.
 Centrosomes: In plants cells, the centrosome does not contain centrioles like
in animal cells, but does function to build microtubules (a component of the
cytoskeleton) and is called the microtubule organizing center.

Animal cell parts and functions

ORGANELLE LOCATION DESCRIPTION FUNCTION
cell wall plant, not *outer layer *support (grow tall)
animal *rigid, strong, stiff *protection
*made of cellulose *allows H2O, O2,
CO2 to pass into and
out of cell
cell membrane both *plant - inside cell *support
plant/animal wall *protection
*animal - outer layer; *controls movement
cholesterol of materials in/out of
*selectively permeable cell
*barrier between cell
and its environment
*maintains
homeostasis
nucleus both *large, oval *controls cell
plant/animal activities
nuclear both *surrounds nucleus *Controls movement
membrane plant/animal *selectively permeable of materials in/out of
nucleus
cytoplasm both *clear, thick, jellylike *supports /protects
plant/animal material and cell organelles
organelles found
inside cell membrane
endoplasmic both *network of tubes or *carries materials
reticulum plant/animal membranes through cell
(E.R.)
ribosome both *small bodies free or *produces proteins
plant/animal attached to E.R.
mitochondrion both *bean-shaped with *breaks down sugar
plant/animal inner membranes molecules into
energy
vacuole plant - *fluid-filled sacs *store food, water,
few/large waste (plants need to
 animal - store large amounts
small of food)
lysosome plant - *small, round, with a *breaks down larger
uncommon membrane food molecules into
animal - smaller molecules
common *digests old cell parts
chloroplast plant, not *green, oval usually *uses energy from
animal containing chlorophyll sun to make food for
(green pigment) the plant
(photosynthesis)