FORM 3 MATHS Karmen Thum B. App.

Sc (Maths & Econs) USM

NOTES AND FORMULAE

PT3 MATHEMATICS
FORM 3 MATHS Karmen Thum B. App. Sc
(Maths & Econs) USM

1. SOLID 4.
GEOMETRY
(a) Area and FACTORISATION
perimeter
Triangle (a) xy + xz = x(y +
z)
A = 12
(b) x2 y2 = (x y)(x
1 + y)
= 2
(c) xy + xz + ay +
Trapezium az
= x (y + z) + a (y
A = 12 + z)
= (y + z)(x + a)
parallel sides)
= 12 (d) x2 + 4x + 3
3. POLYGON = (x + 3)(x + 1)
Circle (a) The sum of the
interior angles of 5. EXPANSION
a n sided polygon OF
Area =
= (n 2) 180o ALGERBRAIC
Circumference = 2 EXPRESSIONS
2. CIRCLE
THEOREM (b) Sum of exterior (a)
Sector angles of a polygon =
360o
2x2 6x +
Area of sector = 2
(c) Each exterior x 3 = 2x 5x 3
r2 angle of a regular
Length of arc = n sided polygon (b) (x + 3)2 =
x + 2 3 x + 32
2
360 0 =
=
360 n x2 + 6x + 9
(d) Regular pentagon (c) (x y)(x +
Cylinder y) = x2 + xy xy y2 =
x2 y2
Curve surface area
= 2rh 6. LAW OF
INDICES
Sphere Each exterior (a) xm x n = xm + n
angle = 72o
Curve surface area = Each interior (b) xm xn = xm n
4r2 angle = 108o
(c) (xm)n = x m n
(b) Solid and (e) Regular hexagon
Volume
1
(d) x-n =
xn
1
Each exterior (e) xn n
x
angle = 60o
Each interior m
angle = 120o (f) x n (n x ) m
(f) Regular octagon
(g) x0 = 1

7. ALGEBRAIC
FRACTION
Express
Each exterior 1 10 - k
- as a
angle = 45o 2k 6k 2
Each interior fraction in its
angle = 135o simplest form.
Solution:
FORM 3 MATHS Karmen Thum B. App. Sc
(Maths & Econs) USM

Mean = 3. A bar chart uses

1 10 - k 1 3k - (10 - k ) 10. ALGEBRAIC sum of data horizontal or
- FORMULAE vertical bars to
2k 6k 2 6k 2 number of data
Given that k (m represent a set of
= Mean =
+ 2) = 3m, data. The length
3k - 10 + k 4k - 10 2(k - 5) k -express 5 m in sum of(frequency data) or the height of

6k 2 6k 2 6k 2 3k 2terms of k. sum of frequency each bar
Solution: , when the data represents the
8. LINEAR k (m + 2) = 3m has frequency. frequency of
EQUATION km2= Mode is the data each data.
1 3m with the highest
Given that (3n k 2 = 3m + m = frequency
5 4m Median is the
+ 2) = n 2, k -2 middle data
calculate the m= which is arranged
value of n.
4
in
Solution: ascending/descen
11. LINEAR
1 INEQUALITIES ding order.
(3n + 2) = n 1. 3, 3, 4, 6, 8
5 1. Solve the
Mean = 4. A pie chart uses
2 linear inequality 3x 2
> 10. 3+3+ 4+ 6+8 the sectors of a
1 4.8 circle to
5 (3n + 2) = Solution: 5 represent the
5 3x 2 > 10 Mode = 3 frequency/quantit
5(n 2) 3x > 10 + 2 Median = 4 iy of data.
3n + 2 = 5n 10 3x > 12 2. 4, 5, 6, 8,
2 + 10 = 5n 3n x>4 9, 10, there
2n = 2. List all is no
12 n = 6 integer middle
values of x number,
9. which the median
satisfy the is the mean
SIMULTANEOUS linear of the two
LINEAR inequality middle A pie chart
EQUATIONS 1x+2< numbers. showing the
4 Median = favourite drinks
(a) Solution: 6+8 of a group of
Substitution 1x+2< =7
2 students.
Method: 4
y = 2x 5 Subtract 2, 2. A pictograph
13.
--------(1) 12x+ uses symbols to opposite side
2x + y = 7 22<42 represent a set tan =
--------(2)
TRIGONOMETRY adjacent side
Substitute (1) 1 x < 2 30 45 60 opposite side
into (2) x = 1,
sin sin 3=
2x + 2x 5 0, 1 1 2 hypotenuse
=7 4x = 12 3. Solve the 2 2 2
x=3 simultaneous linear
cos adjacent side
Substitute x = 3 inequalities 3 1 2 cos =
into (1), y=65= 4p 3 p 2 2 2 hypotenuse
1 1 tan 1C 3
(b) Elimination and p + 2 p 1 3
Method: 2 3 3
Solve: Solution: hypotenuse
of data. Each opposite
3x + 4p 3 p
4p p 3 symbol is used
2y = 5 ----------(1)
x 3p 3 to represent TOA SOH CAH
side
p1 certain
2y = 7 ----------(2)
(1) + (2), 4x 1 frequency of B adjacent side A
= 12, x = 3 p+2 the data.
Substitute into 2 January
(1) 9 + 2y = 5 p 2, 2p + 4 p
February
2p p
4 p 4 March
2y = 5 9
= 4 The Represents
solution is 4 p 1. 50 books
y = 2 12. STATISTICS
 FORM 3 MATHS Karmen Thum B. App. Sc
(Maths & Econs) USM

14. GRAPHS OF Scale of a drawing = i

FUNCTIONS The length of drawing s
y = x
(i) Linear The length of the actual object e
function.
4. Enlargement
y =17.
x LINES AND (i) centre of
ANGLES
enlargement
x (ii) scale factor
k=
p length of a side of image
(ii) Quadratic y q
length of the corresponding side of object
function. k2 =
x=y area of image
y = x2 p=q
2 area of object
y=x
a
b

(iii) Cubic
function. y = x3
x + y = 180o
y = x3
18.

COORDINATES
1. Distance
(iv) x 2 - x1 2 - y 2 - y1 2
Reciprocal
y 2. Midpoint,y = - a
y x
y=
a x, y x1 + x 2 , y1 + y 2
x 2 2
x
O x
19. O
TRANSFORMATIO
NS
1. Translation
15. x

GEOMETRICAL y
CONSTRUCTION 2. Reflection
3. Rotation
S
(i) centre of
rotation
(ii) angle of
rotation
(iii) direction of
rotation - example: 900
clockwise /

9
0
0

a
n
t
i
c
l
o
16. SCALE c
k
DRAWINGS
w