Tank Fabrication Procedure

PROCEDURE FOR FABRICATION
DOC. NO. :
& ERECTION OF TANKAGE
PROCUREMENT CONSTRUCTION & CONTRACT NO :
COMMISIONING
TANK TRUCK LOADING RACK (TTLR) REVISION NO : 00
AND FACILITY UPGRADE
PRAI TERMINAL PAGE : 1 of 11
PROCEDURE FOR
FABRICATION & ERECTION OF TANKAGE
REV DATE PREPARED BY REVIEWED BY APPROVED BY

NO
NAME SIGN NAME SIGN NAME SIGN
00
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
1. SCOPE:
This procedure covers detailed activities for fabrication, erection and testing of the
storage tanks, and also equipment & manpower required for the same. All the tasks /
activities need to be carried out with almost care with good workmanship and in
accordance with the specifications to achieve satisfactory completion of the whole
activities.
2. PURPOSE:
The purpose of this document is to follow proper methodology to carry out the
activities in a proper sequence for fabrication, Erection and Testing of the storage
tanks.
3. REFERENCE:
1.API 650
2.ASME Sec IX
ASME Sec V
Approved Drawing / Specification.
4. RESPONSIBILITY:
The responsibility of implementation of this procedure rests with Construction
Manager of MUZAMIR ACTIVITIES SDN BHD.
5. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION:
5.1 IDENTIFICATION OF MATERIALS

Each Piece of Plates, fittings or any other component of tankage system shall be
clearly identified by marking heat no. on the part (e.g.: 00000)
using hard punching.
Each weld joint shall be marked with joint Number with Welder Number.
5.2 FABRICATION WORK

All fabrication work involving material identification, marking, cutting, rolling and
welding shall be done in accordance with this job procedure, API 650 (Latest
edition), Client Spec and tender documents. The workmanship shall be good in every
respect meeting all safety, QC & NDT requirements, with the coordination of
Engineer-In-Charge.
Lay all the plates, Structural & pipes in such a way prior to fabrication to
facilitate proper checking of dimensions & heat no.
Mark the components as per the drawings.
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
5.2.1 ANNULAR & BOTTOM PLATE FABRICATION:

Mark the plates as per drawing
Carry out the cutting operation after proper inspection.
All the cutting operation shall be carried out by Gas Cutting.
Grind the cut edges smooth to remove burrs and slag.
Stack the plates at designated place in the fabrication yard in proper
sequence.
Backing strip shall be fitted and tacked with annular plate as per drg.
After completion of the fabrication under side of annular and bottom plates shall
be blast cleaned and painted as per the specification to the satisfaction of the
engineer-in-charge.
Check the Joint Position, Root gap for welding after welding Inspection by weld
visual & NDT as per API 650 / Tender document.
5.2.2 SHELL PLATE FABRICATION

Lay all the plates in the open area such a way easy for marking and cutting.
Mark the plates as per drawing and to the satisfaction of Engineer-in-charge.
The cutting operation includes bevelling shall be carried out by gas cutting
method on all the four sides.
Grind the cut edges smooth to remove slag and burr.
The edge prepared plates shall be shifted by hydra crane to the rolling area.
The plates shall be fed to rolling m/c. by means of hydra crane & proper lifting
tools and tackles.
The plate shall be rolled as per drawing details and the radius shall be checked
using Template.
Proper care shall be taken for the smooth curvature.
36 Long (5 to 6mm thk.) Template shall be used to check rolling curvature
accurately.
The Template shall be checked and cleared by inspection authority.
The rolled plates shall be inspected and shall be within 03mm. of tolerance
limit.
The rolled plates shall be shift to shot blasting yard to carryout the shot blast
as per Client specification.
Final profile and dimensions check shall be carried out before sent for rection.
5.2.3 ROOF PLATE FABRICATION

Mark the roof plate as per drawing
All the cutting operation as per requirement shall be carried out after getting
the clearance from the inspection authority.
All the cutting operation shall be carried out by gas cutting method on all the
four side.
Grind the cut edges smooth to remove burrs &slag.
Structural item of the roof shall be fabricated as per drawing.
These roof plates shall be shifted to blasting yard to carryout the blasting and
painting.
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
5.2.4 APPURTENANCES
Mark the required items of the Appurtenances as per the drawing. All the
cutting operation as per requirement shall be carried out after getting the
clearance from inspection authority.
All the cutting operation shall be carried out by gas cutting method.
Grind the cut edges smooth to remove burrs & slag.
Flanges face to be covered with a suitable cover to protect from damage
during handling, fabrication and transportation.
The entire shell nozzle, roof appurtenance, i.e. flanges, flanges to pipe
joint and other requirements etc. Shall be fabricated as per approved
drawings.
All the fabrication and welding activities shall be carried out after the stage
wise inspection wherever required.
The N.D.T requirements as per code specification.
5.2.5 SPIRAL STAIRWAY, HAND RAILING

All the structural items shall be straightened before marking and cutting.
Mark the components as per drawing.
All the cutting operation, as per requirement shall be carried out after getting
he clearance from inspection authority.
All the cutting operation shall be carried out by gas cutting method.
Grind the cut edges smooth to remove burrs & slag.
Fabrication such as fitting, welding, drilling, etc. Shall be carried out as per
drawing and after the clearance from inspection authority.
After fabrication all these structural items shall be blasted and painted as per
requirement.
5.3 ERECTION:
5.3.1. ANNULAR PLATE LAYING

Check the level of foundation as per specification API 650 clause 8.4.2. Latest
edition.
After getting clearance for annular plate laying, mark the 0o, 90o, 180o, 270o coordinates
on the foundation from the reference point.
Lay the annular plate as per approved drawing.
Out radius of the annular plate shall be in positive side (5 to 10 mm.) in order to
achieve the final required radius after weld shrinkage.
Orientation of the annular plate joint shall be as per approved -drawing.
Fit up of annular plate's joints shall be carried out using proper jigs and fixtures as
shown in drawing.
Care shall be taken while fit-up, such that there should not any gap between
annular plate and backing-strip.
Annular plates joints welding shall be carried out by welding alternative joint at
four quadrants.
Qualified welders shall be engaged for the welding work according to WPS.
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
If any defect found the defect weld shall be removed by grinding and re-weld and
conduct the LPT check test. Repeat the sequence until the defect cleared.
Complete the welding, clean the final weld surface by wire brushing and grinding.
Remove the jigs and fixtures which were used for fit-up of the annular joint and
grind the tack.
Radiography shall be taken as per API-650 Sec-6.
5.3.2 BOTTOM PLATE LAYING:

Lay the center plate on the foundation top as per drawing.
With co-ordination of Centre plate lay the bottom plates sequentially as per drg.
Laps shall be maintained while the fit-up of short seam and long seam as per
drg.
Temporary tack weld to be carry out on the Long-seam to avoid uneven
movements, while the fit-up and welding of short-seam.
Short seam welding will be carried out alternatively to avoid distortion.
After the completion of short-seam welding, remove the temporary tacks on the
Long- seam by grinding to facilitate the long-seam fit-up.
Short seam welding will be carried out alternatively to avoid distortion.
After the completion of short-seam welding, remove the temporary tacks on the
Long- seam by grinding to facilitate the long-seam fit-up.
Minimum laps shall be maintained while the fit-up of long-seam as per approved
drawing.
Joggling shall be carried out by hammering wherever it necessary. (Three plate
Joining junction.)
Before starting the welding, channels shall be tacked along the long-seam to
avoid the distortion.
After completion of shot seam welding long seam welding will be carried out
alternatively to avoid distortion.
Qualified welder shall be engaged and welding shall be carry out as per approved
WPS.
After Completion of welding thoroughly clean the weld joint by wire brushing and
grinding.
Sketch to annular plate joint shall be welded only after shell to bottom joint
welding.
All the bottom plate's joints vacuum box test shall be carried out as per approved
procedure and code specification.
If any defect found the defect weld shall be removed by grinding and re-weld and
conduct the vacuum box test. Repeat the sequence until the defect cleared.
5.3.3. SHELL COURSE ERECTION

After the completion of welding of Annular plates and bottom plates, mark the
tank inner radius on the annular plates.
Fix 25 Nos. of erection stools at the equal interval on the annular plates &
transfer the inside tank diameter on the stools.
The top one shell courses shall be erected by conventional method.
Balance shell courses shall be erected by hydraulic jack method.
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
The rolled shell plates shall be shifted to the tank foundation area stacked around
the periphery by using hydra crane.
Proper care shall be taken while handling the rolled plates.
Care shall be taken that the shell plate erected to the diameter marked on the
annular plate.
Jigs and fixtures shall be use to align the shell plates.
Complete the fit up except the final joint which shall be fitted and weld after
completion of the welding of the other joints. (To avoid the shrinkage)
Peaking to be checked after the fit-up of the vertical joints. Peaking shall be
within the tolerance as per API - 650. (Tolerance 1/2")
Peaking shall be checked at top, middle and bottom of the vertical joints using a
Sweep board of 36 long.
Plumpness shall be checked for the verticality of the shell course at every 60
and shall be within the tolerance (tolerance 1/200 of the total shell height)
For perfect verticality, channels shall be provided at the regular interval inside of
the shell course (3 to 5 meters) Providing the channels shall be facilitates the
alignment last shall course.
Tack welds of the fitted vertical joints shall be ground smooth.
Offer for inspection and get clearance from Engineer-in-charge for the vertical
fit-up Complete the first side welding by using qualified welders.
Care shall be taken while the welding to avoid the peaking and the roundness
distortion
After completion of first side welding, back-chip shall be carried out for sound
metal from other side of the weld by grinding.
Back-chipped grooves shall be offered for inspection before starting the welding.
Complete the 2nd side welding using qualified welders.
Joint Nos. & welder No. shall be marked on both side of the weld .joint.
Care shall be taken to avoid the peaking and roundness distortion.
Clean weld joints from both sides by wire brushing and grinding.
After completion of welding from both sides remove all the temporary jigs and
fixtures and flush grind the tacks. (Do the weld fill up wherever required) and the
portion checked by D.P.test.
Check the peaking, plumb ness, circumference and the radius, offer for
inspection to the satisfaction of the Engineer-in-Charge.
Erect last shell course plate on top of the erected shell plate, 3mm thick spacers
shall be kept between first and last but one shell course plates to maintain
horizontal seam gap.
Erection channels shall be fixed between last but one shell course plates and
last shell course plates at regular intervals to align and hold the last shell in
vertical position.
After all the shell plates for last shell course is erected, fit-up the vertical joint
using jig plates which has been fixed during erection and tack weld the joints.
Check peaking at vertical joints of shell using a sweep board of 36" wide,
acceptable tolerance shall the as per API-650 clause 5.5.4 (local deviation shall
not exceed 1/2")
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
Complete welding of last course vertical seam inside after getting clearance from
the Engineer-in-charge.
Back chip & welding shall be carried out following as same as for other shell
course to the satisfaction of Engineer - in - Charge.
After completion of welding, weld visual, peaking & circumference shall be
checked out and recorded to the satisfaction of Engineer - in-Charge.
Fit up the Horizontal seam between top shell courses and tack welded, remove
the spacers provided during erection, tack weld shall be ground smooth and
ensure that the tacks are sound and there are no defects like cracks and porosity
etc.
Check peaking at vertical joints of shell using a sweep board of 36" wide,
acceptable clearance shall be as per API 650 clause 5.5.4 (local deviation shall
not exceed 1/2") Using a vertical sweep board 36" long, check banding at
horizontal joints. Deviation shall not exceed 1/2".
Check Verticality of the last shell course, Verticality (plumb ness) tolerance shall
be as per API - 650 clause 5.5.2 (max. out of plumbness at the top of the shell
relative to the bottom of the shell not to exceed 1/200 of total shell height from top
of last shell to Bottom)
While welding care shall be taken for banding and the roundness.
Back-chip shall be carried out by grinding for the sound metal and to the
satisfaction of Engineer-in-Charge.
Complete the 2nd side welding and clean the joint thoroughly from both sides by
grinding and wire brushing.
Check banding, plumb ness and recorded in the approved format to the
satisfaction of Engineer - In-Charge.
Offer weld visual to the satisfaction of Engineer-In-Charge. .
Mark the RT spots as per the instruction of the Engineer -In-Charge, and
complete the RT as per API - 650 Sec-6 requirements.
Offer the RT film for reviewing to the Engineer-In-Charge, and if any repair occurs
the repair spot shall be repaired by grinding for the sound metal, Re- weld the
repair spot as per code API -650 sec-6 requirements.
Take the repair spot RT and re offer for the inspection to the satisfaction of
Engineer-In- Charge
Spiral staircase Erection shall be carried out as per drawing including brackets.
Remove all the temporary cleats and tacks by grinding.
Install jacks as per requirement and the distance between the jacks shall not be
more than 3.5 meter. Connect the power pack and check the total system is
ready for erection of the shell.
Install the jacking cleats on the bottom shell course (inside) and weld soundly the
cleats to the shell. Roof structure & Roof shall be erected then start jacking.
Start jacking of the assembly of top two shell course along with the wind girder.
Lift till the required space for the lower shell course plate width + Erection chair
height. (400~450 mm)
Erect the lower shell course by using the crane for shifting and position the
plates.
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
Alignment and fit up shall be carried out by using jigs and fixture and as per
drawing offer the fit up for inspection.
Followed by welding, weld visual, peaking and plumb ness before and after as
mentioned above for the top two shell courses.
After completion of the welding lower down the jacked up assembly on top of 3rd
shell from top.03 mm thick spacer shall be kept between 3rd and 2nd shell from
top to maintain the Horizontal joint gap.
Fit up the Horizontal joint between 3rd and 2nd shell courses from top using jigs
and fixtures and tack weld, remove the spacers provided during erection. Tack
shall be ground smooth, check the banding and record. Offer fit up and banding
to the satisfaction of Engineer-In-Charge.
Followed by welding, banding & plumb ness before and after welding shall be
carried out as mentioned for the above Horizontal joint.
RT shall be carried out and cleared before the next lifting
Portion of the spiral stairway shall be erected as per drawing
After clearance from inspection, the jacking cleats shall be fitted to 3 rd shell from
top course plates and the total assembly shall be jacked up by required height for
erection of the all the shell courses.
In the same manner erect all the shell courses and spiral stairway.
The 1st shell course plates shall be erected, provide min. 6 mm thick packing
platesat required location in each shell plate to facilitate proper welding of the
bottom most portion of the vertical joint. This packing plate shall not be removed
until commencement of shell to annular fit up. Leave the final shell plate open by
providing angular frame in order for deck plate shifting and working.
After completion of welding of vertical seams of the 1st shell course by following
abovementioned process and the Horizontal joint between the shell courses 1
and 2 shall be aligned by lowering the jacks and the fit up shall be carried out.
Follow the above-mentioned process for the horizontal joint welding and
clearance.
RT shall be carried out as per API-650 Sec.6
Shell to annular plate joint shall be carried out using jigs and fixture.
After getting fit up clearance for welding, root weld shall be carried out from
inside.
After completion of inside welding clean the weld thoroughly by wire brushing,
grinding and buffing.
The shell to bottom joint area from both sides shall be cleaned thoroughly to carry
out the chalk-diesel test.
Apply chalk solution from inside. Apply diesel by a hand spray pump from out
side.
Hold it as per instruction of the Engineer-In-Charge and check the root weld for
any defect.
If any defect found the defect shall be repaired by grinding the defect area for the
sound metal plus 150mm from both end of the defect.
Conduct the chalk - diesel test on the repair spot. Carry out the whole process
until the repair cleared to the satisfaction of Engineer - In Charge.
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
After completion of shell to bottom out side welding visual inspection will be
carried out to the satisfaction of the Engineer-In-Charge.
On completion of shell to bottom welding / NDT and having completed all erection
and welding work on the tank inside related to the roof and roof structure, all
unwanted materials and scrap shall be removed from inside of the tank.
RT of vertical and horizontal joint shall be completed.
Sketch to annular plate joint fit up shall be carried out and complete the welding.
Vacuum box test the shall be carried out for the bottom plate short seam, long
seam and sketch to annular plate joint.
If any repair occurs the same shall be repaired and re-tested as per the approved
procedure and API-650.
5.3.4 ERECTION OF CONE ROOF PLATES AND STRUCTURES

After completion of the Top two shell courses erection, fit up, welding and curb
ring fit up & welding shall be done.
Erect the fabricated Centre Drum, Roof Truss, and cross girders as per drawing.
Complete the welding of Roof structure by approved welders and as per
approved WPS.
Erect and Lay the Roof plates on the structure as per the Drg.
While fit up of the short seams and long seams Lap to be maintained as per Drg
Weld the short seams by welding alternative joint or sequence mentioned in the
Drg.to prevents the distortion.
Provided proper support lengthwise of the long seam and weld the joints as per
drawing sequence.
Roof Nozzles and top shell nozzles fit-up and welding shall be carryout as per the
approved drawing and subsequently it has to be correlated with the concern
piping drawing.
Flanges to pipe joint shall be prefabricated and required NDT shall be completed
before erection.
Mark the nozzle location as per drawings. Cut the openings by gas cutting after
proper Inspection-by-inspection authority.
Erect the nozzles as per the orientation & the elevation shown in the drawing.
Install RF. pads wherever required before nozzle erection
Suitable jigs & fixtures shall be provided to prevent the distortion during the
welding.
After completion of bottom shell course welding shell nozzles shall be marked as
per drawing and offer for inspection.
Cut open the nozzle opening, install the RF. Pads and erect the nozzles
(prefabricated) as per drawing.
Orientation, elevation & projection shall be maintained as per drawing and offer
for the inspection clearance.
Proper care shall be taken for the welding by providing jigs & Fixtures to prevent
distortion.
Welding shall be as per WPS and to be welded by the qualified welder.
Man-Hole neck shall be fabricated and the longitudinal joint shall be radio
graphed.
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
All the RF Pad weld shall be pneumatically tested at an pressure of 1.05 Kg/Cm2
RF. Pad pneumatic test shall be carried out to the satisfaction of the engineer-in
charge.
All the shell nozzles final weld from both sides and RF. Pads welds shall be
inspected by visually and by LPT, to the satisfaction of the engineer-in-charge.
6. PROPOSED PLANT AND MAJOR EQUIPMENT

PLANT /EQUIPMENT /TOOLS / TACKLES
Mobile Crane 20MT / 45MT capacity.
Welding transformers /Rectifiers 400 a & 600 a Welding generators.
Radiography source Ir 192.
Test Pump.
Water pump
Transporting Equipment.
Plate bending Machine.
Pipe Bending Machine
Hydraulic Jack 12 MT [with power pack & accessories] and other
required equipment.
Grinding machine [AG - 7, AG - 4, GQ 4 & FF2]
Gas cutting equipment [Pug cutting m/c & hand cutting m/c]
Vacuum pump and vacuum box with Gauge.
Vernier Caliper
Lifting Tools & Tackles and Derrick
Mother & Portable Oven
All Measuring Tape (30 M, 15 M, 5M, 3M.)
Piano Wire, Plum bob (Heavy weight)
Viewer
Aluminium Ladder -4 Nos.
12v Hand lamp set for all four tanks.
Exhaust fan for all four tanks.
DG set with panel board separately for welding Rectifiers and Grinding.
Elcometer Pr.Gauge, Air-Compressor etc.
7. MAN POWER
AS PER REQUIREMENT
8. QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL

This shall be followed and maintained with the compliance / adherence to the drawings,
procedure and code specification. Records shall be kept in the relevant check sheet and
formats duly signed by all the concerned departments.
DOC. NO. :
COMMISIONING
9. SAFETY
Tested & certified Lifting equipments should be used for lifting and shifting
purpose.
Safety Precautions should be followed during fabrication and erection as per JE
specification.
Welding cables and power cables to be laid properly as per IE rules and local
state
govt. rules.
Proper housekeeping and clean condition shall be maintained in the fabrication
Shop and site as per requirement.
10. RECORDS
Foundation hand over report
Material Inspection Records
Electrode, Consumables etc. verification record
Welding Inspection report
NDT reports
Test reports

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PROCEDURE FOR FABRICATION

FABRICATION & ERECTION OF TANKAGE

REV DATE PREPARED BY REVIEWED BY APPROVED BY

NAME SIGN NAME SIGN NAME SIGN

5.1 IDENTIFICATION OF MATERIALS

5.2 FABRICATION WORK

5.2.1 ANNULAR & BOTTOM PLATE FABRICATION:

5.2.2 SHELL PLATE FABRICATION

5.2.3 ROOF PLATE FABRICATION

5.2.5 SPIRAL STAIRWAY, HAND RAILING

5.3.1. ANNULAR PLATE LAYING

5.3.2 BOTTOM PLATE LAYING:

5.3.3. SHELL COURSE ERECTION

5.3.4 ERECTION OF CONE ROOF PLATES AND STRUCTURES

6. PROPOSED PLANT AND MAJOR EQUIPMENT

8. QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL

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