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Contents
1 Scope............................................................. 2
2 Conflicts and Deviations................................ 2
3 References..................................................... 2
4 General Requirements................................... 6
5 Quality Control........................................ 6
6 Concrete Materials..................................... 7
7 Design and Execution.................................... 8
8 Marine and Coastal Concrete Structures..... 22
1 Scope
This Standard covers the minimum mandatory requirements governing the design,
specifications, and construction of all onshore structural, offshore structural and
non-structural concrete.
1.1 This standard does not cover the design, Manufacturing, specification, casting,
and erection of precast and prestressed concrete products. Refer to SAES-Q-012
for Precast and Prestressed Concrete Structures.
1.2 This Standard does not cover concrete for fire proofing applications. Refer to
SAES-B-006 for additional information on the use of concrete as fireproofing
material.
1.3 This standard states the minimum requirements that need to be fulfilled for
offshore and marine concrete.
2.1 Any conflicts between this Standard and other applicable Saudi Aramco
Engineering Standards (SAESs), Materials System Specifications (SAMSSs),
Standard Drawings (SASDs), or industry standards, codes, and forms shall be
resolved in writing by the company or buyer representative through the
Manager, Consulting Services Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
2.2 Direct all requests to deviate from this Standard in writing to the company or
buyer representative, who shall follow internal company procedure SAEP-302
and forward such requests to the Manager, Consulting Services Department of
Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
3 References
The following reference documents shall be considered an integral part of this standard
except otherwise noted. Use the edition in effect on the date of the publication of this
standard unless otherwise noted.
3.1 Saudi Aramco References
Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure
SAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a Mandatory
Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirement
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
Page 3 of 24
Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
All ACI standards and recommended practices including but not limited to the
following list:
ACI 117 Standard Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete
Construction and Materials
ACI 224.3R Joints in Concrete Construction
ACI 301-10 Specifications for Structural Concrete
ACI 302.1R Guide for Concrete Floor and Slab Construction
ACI 304R Guide for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting and
Placing Concrete
ACI 305R Hot Weather Concreting
ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
ACI 350 Code Requirements for Environmental Engineering
Concrete Structures and Commentary
ACI 350.1 Specification for Tightness Testing of Environmental
Engineering Concrete Containment Structures
ACI 350.4R Design Considerations for Environmental
Engineering Concrete Structures
ACI 350.5 Specifications for Environmental Concrete Structures
ACI 357.3R Guide for Design and Construction of Waterfront
and Coastal Concrete Marine Structures
ACI 360R Design of Slab on Ground
ACI 440.1R Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete
Reinforced with FRP Bars
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
ASTM International
ASTM A123/123M Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized)
Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
ASTM A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel
Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A767/767M Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel
Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A775/A775M Specification for Epoxy-Coated Reinforcing Bars
ASTM A884/A884M Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Wire and
Welded Wire Fabric for Reinforcement
ASTM A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded
Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, For
Concrete
ASTM C39/C39M Test Methods for Compressive Strength of
Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
ASTM C55 Specification for Concrete Building Brick
ASTM C90 Specification for Load Bearing Concrete Masonry
Units
ASTM C129 Specification for Non-Load Bearing Concrete
Masonry Units
ASTM C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming
Compounds for Curing Concrete
ASTM C979/C979M Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored
Concrete
ASTM C1240 Standard Specification for Silica Fume Used in
Cementitious Mixtures
ASTM C1580 Test Method for Water-Soluble Sulfate in Soil
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
4 General Requirements
4.3 Concrete that is not covered by this document shall comply with the applicable
ACI document.
5 Quality Control
The contractor shall employ an independent Saudi Aramco approved testing agency to
perform field and laboratory testing which shall include compressive strength tests of
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
molded concrete cylinders, test for slump, unit weight, air content (where air-
entrainment is required) and fresh concrete temperature. All testing shall be in
accordance with 09-SAMSS-097, Ready-Mix Concrete.
6 Concrete Materials
6.1 Reinforcement
6.1.5 Tie wire shall be black annealed wire, 16 gage (1.29 mm) minimum.
Fasten epoxy-coated reinforcement with tie wires coated with epoxy.
Care should be taken to avoid any damage to the coated rebars during
shipment, handling, fabrication and placement of the coated rebars.
The extent of the damage and repair of the coating shall be in
accordance with 09-SAMSS-106.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
supplied under the Purchase Order. Actual finish dimensions for each type of
masonry shall be as specified in the Purchase Order.
6.2.2 Hollow and solid non-load bearing concrete masonry units shall be
manufactured and tested according to ASTM C129.
Commentary Note:
Masonry units manufactured to ASTM C129 are intended for use as non-
load bearing partitions. They should not be used for exterior walls unless
a moisture-protective coating is used.
6.3 Joints
6.3.1 Joint filler strips for expansion joints shall conform to ASTM D1751 or
ASTM D1752. Type shall be as noted on the design drawings
6.4 Accessories
7.1 SAES-B-055, Plant Layout, shall be used for minimum horizontal and vertical
spacing or clearance requirements of concrete structures.
7.2 SAES-L-440, Anchor for Buried Pipelines, shall be used for the design of
anchor blocks.
7.4 SAES-M-100, Saudi Aramco Building Code, shall be used for the design of
concrete buildings.
7.5 SAES-M-009, Design Criteria for Blast Resistant Buildings shall be used for
the design of blast resistant buildings.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
7.9 ACI 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, shall be used
for the design of concrete structures.
Liquid retaining structures should be leak tested while their walls are exposed
(Refer to ACI 350.1).
7.11 ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 shall be used for the design of masonry structures.
7.12 AASHTO, LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, shall be used for the
structural design of reinforced concrete bridges, culverts, and pipeline crossing.
Unless otherwise specified, the design shall be based on HS20 truck.
Maintenance and construction crane loads shall also be considered.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
c) Concrete paving slope to the catch basins or trenches shall not be less than
1:65 (1.5%). The maximum drop to catch basins from high point of paving
shall be 200 mm.
Commentary Note:
7.14 ACI 440.1R, Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Reinforced
with FRP Bars, shall be used for the design when Glass Fiber Reinforced
Plastic Bars (GFRP) are specified.
7.16 Exposures
1
Percent sulfate by mass in soil shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C1580.
2
Concentration of dissolved sulfates in water in ppm shall be determined by ASTM D516 or ASTM D4130
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
Water Soluble
Water Soluble
Chloride (cl-) in Environmental and
Chloride (cl-) in
Soil, % by Marine Exposure
Ground Water, ppm5
Weight4
More than 0.5 More than 10,000 Coastal (up to 5 km from the coastline, but excluding members
classified under other exposures)
C27
Concrete in contact with Sabkha10 Concrete in tidal8, and splash9 zones in marine environment
Based on the exposure classes assigned from Table 1.A, B and C, concrete mixtures and steel
reinforcement type shall comply with the most restrictive requirements in Table 2.
3
Water soluble chloride in ground water need to be identified if water table is less than one meter below the bottom of the
foundation or structural element
4
Water-soluble chloride ion in soil shall be determined in accordance with AASHTO T291
5
ppm; parts per million measured after soil is compacted.
6
Sewage Treatment Plant is classified as C1 exposure.
7
Water Cooling towers is classified as C2 exposure.
8
Tidal zone as mentioned in ACI 357.3R-14.
9
Splash zone as defined in SAES-H-004.
10
Sabkha - as defined in SAES-A-114.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
Commentary Notes:
The use of slag or pozzolans including Silica Fume or any combination of the above are limited to
structural concrete members only.
Plant paving, sidewalks, erosion protection paving and slabs reinforced with welded wire fabric
are exempted from the use of Pozzolan or slag.
Silica Fume shall be tested prior to use on monthly basis or when changing the source of the
materials to confirm its compliance to ASTM C1240.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
Testing of soil shall be for the natural soil and the capillary rise phenomenon shall be considered if
the soil is imported.
The following guidelines shall be followed in the construction, repair and replacement
of sulfur pits:
7.17.2 Design, assessment and repair of sulfur pits shall follow the guidelines
and procedures of SAER-6610 In-Ground Sulfur Pit Design,
Assessment and Repair - State-of-the-Art Strategies.
7.17.3 Pipe rack or heavy structures shall not be supported on the roof, or
walls of the sulfur pits.
7.17.4 Minimum concrete cover in sulfur pits shall not be less than 75 mm.
7.17.6 For existing sulfur pits that are not built with high performance
concrete described in paragraph 7.17.5 above, use internal durability
lining system of potassium silicate concrete of 50 mm minimum in
thickness or a 200 mm thick of high performance concrete as in
paragraph 7.17.5, the durability liner shall satisfy the following:
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
7.17.7 Use Epoxy Novolac Corrosion Resistant Epoxy Render to protect roof
soffit.
7.17.9 All joints shall be filled with chemical resistant high temperature
membrane such as urethane-asphalt.
7.17.10 A proper drainage system (e.g., French drain) shall be installed on the
external side of the sulfur pits to drain water table.
7.17.11 Waterstops for sulfur pit shall be made of 16 gauge stainless steel plate
material as detailed in SAER-6610.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
7.17.13 The design of sulfur pits including concrete mix design, lining system,
water proofing and drainage system shall be approved by the Group
Leader, Civil Engineering Group, Consulting Services Department.
7.18 Reinforcement
7.18.6 Each bundle of fabricated bars shall be tagged. The tags shall indicate
reinforcement placing drawing number, release number, mark number,
grade, bar quantity, and bar size.
7.18.7 Each bundle of stock-length straight bars shall be tagged to indicate bar
quantity, grade, bar size, and bar length.
7.18.9 Table 3 defines the minimum concrete cover measured from outer
most rebar (tie bar), that shall be provided for reinforcement of cast-in-
place concrete structures.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
7.19 Formwork
7.19.4 Form removal shall be in accordance with ACI 301-10 and the
following:
a) For structures for which forms do not provide vertical support
(e.g., footings, piers, columns, walls, or sides of beams), the forms
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
7.19.6 Formwork for column and wall shall be provided with adequate
cleanout openings to permit inspection and easy cleaning after
reinforcement has been placed.
7.19.7 All side and bottom surfaces of structures that will be exposed shall be
formed.
7.20 Joints
7.20.4 The surface of joints shall be cleaned of scale and laitance and
thoroughly wetted, but free of standing water, before placing adjoining
concrete.
7.20.6 Expansion joints shall be used in paving adjacent to all poured in place
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
concrete members.
7.20.7 Paving or slab construction joints not specified on the drawings shall
be located at column centerlines and intermediate intervals.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
7.22.1 All sleeves, inserts, anchor bolts, waterstops and other embedded items
shall be installed in accordance with the design drawings and
supported against displacement. Welding of these items to the
reinforcing bars shall not be permitted.
7.22.3 Projecting steel items (such as grating angles, slide plates, unistrut,
steel plates, etc.) which are attached to the formwork and cast at the
concrete surface shall be hot dip galvanized in accordance with
ASTM A123/A123M or coated with the zinc rich epoxy primer in
APCS-1C of SAES-H-001. Additionally, the steel attachment, which
anchors these items to the concrete, shall be similarly galvanized or
coated.
7.22.4 Reinforcing steel bars, anchor bolts or other steel embedments shall not
be connected to the electrical grounding system. Connection of the
structure reinforcing or imbedded steel to the lighting protection
system shall be as required by SAES-P-111.
7.22.5 Conduits, pipes and other items made from aluminum shall not be
embedded in structural concrete unless effectively coated to prevent
aluminum-concrete reaction.
7.23.1 Concrete shall be placed in accordance with ACI 301-10, ACI 304R
and this standard. For Hot Weather Concreting requirements, see
Section 7.27.
7.23.2 Equipment made of aluminum alloys shall not be used for pump lines,
tremies, or chutes used to discharge concrete from a truck mixer.
7.23.4 Raking shall not be used for movement of concrete after placement.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
7.23.10 Placement of mass concrete shall comply with ACI 301-10, Section 8.
7.13.12 The interval between concrete deliveries shall be such that no more
than 20 minutes interruption elapse during placement of a single
foundation or slab, unless approved by Saudi Aramco.
7.24 Finishing
7.24.1 The finishing of concrete shall be in accordance with ACI 301-10, and
ACI 302.1R unless otherwise specified in the construction drawings or
job specification.
7.24.2 Equipment bases shall be finished with a floated finish. Stairs, steps,
ramps, and walks shall be finished with a broom finish.
7.25 Curing
7.25.2 Maximum total dissolved solids in water used for curing shall not exceed
1000 parts per million.
7.25.3 Water curing shall be continuous until the compressive strength has
reached 70% of the specified strength, but not less than 7 days.
7.25.4 The saturated burlaps shall be covered with a plasticized sheet vapor
barrier, minimum 0.15 mm (6 mils) in thickness and shall be kept in
contact with the concrete surface at all times.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
7.25.7 Liquid membrane curing compounds shall not be used on surfaces that
shall receive bonded treatments, tiles, paint or other adhered finishes,
epoxy toppings, or additional concrete unless otherwise specified in
contract documents.
7.26.4 All concrete surfaces in direct contact with earth shall be coated with
two coats of coal tar or bitumen coating that conforms to APCS-3 or
APCS-10 of SAES-H-001.
Commentary Notes:
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
When hot weather conditions exist, the provisions of ACI 305R shall be met.
Commentary Note:
Hot weather concrete can be defined as job-site conditions that accelerate the
rate of moisture loss or rate of cement hydration of freshly mixed concrete,
including an ambient temperature of 27C or higher, and an evaporation rate that
exceeds 1 kg/m2/h.
8.1 A full environmental Evaluation for offshore and marine concrete structures
shall be performed. The evaluation shall include identification of marine
organisms including rock boring mollusks and sponges that would pose a threat
to the concrete structure and its integrity. Specific susceptibility of the concrete
structure to attack by boring organisms in the Arabian Gulf has been associated
with the use of calcareous aggregates (where the main constituent of the
aggregate is CaCo3) in the concrete.
Commentary Notes:
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
8.3 The concrete shall contain an approved High Range Water Reducing admixture
such that the free water/cement ratio shall not exceed 0.36 and the concrete will
be of adequate workability for placement.
8.4 The concrete shall contain an effective Hydrophobic Pore blocking Ingredient
(HPI) system, used strictly in accordance with manufacturers' instructions and
providing a hydrophobic cement matrix throughout, as well as dispersed
polymer particles suitable for use as a pore-blocking agent; acceptance criteria
are as follows:
8.4.1 The HPI system shall produce concrete conforming with all specified
requirements and shall be shown to produce concrete with a corrected
30 minute absorption of not greater than 1 % (one percent), as measured
by BS 1881: Part 122:1983, except that the age at test shall be strictly
7 days. The absorption test is to be conducted by an independent testing
authority on cores taken from cubes or cylinders (or from cast specimens
where permitted by Saudi Aramco), from the trial mixes which shall be
conducted prior to the commencement of the supply of concrete.
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Document Responsibility: Civil Standards Committee SAES-Q-001
Issue Date: 7 January 2016
Next Planned Update: 7 January 2019 Criteria for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures
Revision Summary
7 January 2016 Major revision to align it with the latest edition of ACI 301 and ACI 318. It includes new
criteria that will improve the quality of the overall concrete construction, and improve the cost.
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