PROCEDURE

SICC-PT-01

LIQUID PENETRANT INSPECTION

ACCORDING TO ASME CODE

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 1. OBJECTIVE

This procedure has been prepared govern dye penetrant inspections, as a manner to ensure consistent
and true results in all penetrant inspections performed by SICCSA.

2. SCOPE

2.1 The criteria stablished in this procedure are applicable to all penetrant inspection in piping
materials, welding, parts and components of equipment manufactured in accordance with ASME code
in all materials except those extremely porous with thickness above 1/8 previously accepted by visual
inspection.

2.2 Either a color contrast (visible) penetrant or a fluorescent penetrant shall be used with one of the
following penetrant processes:

(a) Water washable

(b) Solvent removable

2.3 Technique restrictions.

(a) Fluorescent penetrant examination shall not follow a color contrast penetrant examination.

(b) Intermixing of penetrant materials from different families or different manufacturers is not
permitted.

(c) A retest with water washable penetrants may cause loss of marginal indications due to
contamination.

3. REFERENCES

3.1 ASME CODE. - Boiler and Pressure Vessels, Section VIII DIV 1

3.2 ASME SECC V Article 6 - Penetrant Testing 2015 Edition

3.3 ASME CODE B31.1. - For Power Piping, 2014 Edition.

3.4 ASME CODE B31.3 - Process Piping, 2014 Edition

3.5 Procedure SICC-AC-CP-01 Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing.

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 4. RESPONSIBILITIES

4.1 The Operation Manager is responsible to establish applicability and scope of penetrant
inspection according to this procedure, as well as the acceptance standards to be used for each
particular inspection. He is also responsible to assign only Level II inspectors to perform penetrant
inspection.

4.2 The assigned Level II inspector is responsible to perform the test strictly in accordance to the
requirements specified herein, from surface preparation to results report.

5. GENERAL

5.1 PENETRANT MATERIALS

(a) The following materials will be used penetrating MAGNAFLUX mark or any other similar mark
exists in the market.

MATERIALS DESIGNATION TYPE

Cleaner SKC-S Solvent
Penetrant SKL-SP Visible
Remover SKC-S Solvent
Developer SKD-S2 Not watery

(b) Contaminants. The user of this Article shall obtain certification of contaminant content for all
liquid penetrant materials used on nickel base alloys, austenitic or duplex stainless steels, and titanium.
These certifications shall include the penetrant manufacturers batch numbers and the test results
obtained. The total halogens content shall not exceed 1% by weight. The sulfur content shall not
exceed 1% by weight. These records shall be maintained as required by the referencing Code Section.

5.2 ESSENTIAL VARIABLES.

A change of the following essential variables from the specified value, or range of values established in
this procedure is not permitted.

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 TABLE T-621
REQUIREMENTS OF A LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION PROCEDURE

Essential Nonessential
Requirement
Variable Variable
Identification of and any change in type or group of
penetrant x ...
Materials including developers, emulsifiers, etc.
Surface preparation (finishing and cleaning, including type
x ...
Of cleaning solvent)
Method of applying penetrant x ...
Method of removing excess surface penetrant x ...
Method of applying developer x ...
Minimum and maximum time periods between steps and
x ...
drying aids
Decrease in penetrant dwell time x ...
Increase in developer dwell time (interpretation Time) x ...
Minimum light intensity x ...
Surface temperature outside 40F to 125F (5C to 52C)
x ...
Or as previously qualified
Performance demonstration, when required ... x
Personnel qualification requirements ... x
Materials, shapes, or sizes to be examined and the extent of
... x
examination post-examination cleaning technique

5.3 T-621.3 MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM STEP TIMES.

Table T-621.3
Minimum and maximum times for the examination steps:
Minimum and Maximum Time Limits for Steps
Procedure Step Minimum Maximum
Drying after preparation 5 minutes ---
Penetrant dwell time 10 minutes 2 hours
Penetrant removal water washable (spray) --- 1 minute
Drying after penetrant removal
Solvent removal penetrants --- 3 minutes
Water washable --- 10 minutes
Developer application --- ---
Developing and interpretation time 10 minutes 1 hours

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5.4 PRELIMINAR REQUIREMENTS

5.4.1 T-652 Techniques for Standard Temperatures

As a standard technique, the temperature of the penetrant and the surface of the part to be processed
shall not be below 50F (10C) nor above 125F (52C) throughout the examination period. Local
heating or cooling is permitted provided the part temperature remains in the range of 50F to 125F
(5C to 52C) during the examination. No inspections shall be performed out of this range allowed.

5.4.2 T-660 Calibration

Light meters, both visible and fluorescent (black) light meters, shall be calibrated at least once a year or
when-ever the meter has been repaired. If meters have not been in use for one year or more,
calibration shall be done before being used.

5.4.3 Safety.

Safety precautions shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions penetrating. The highly
volatile solvents should be used with caution because they can be toxic vapors and liquid may irritate
the skin. Additionally, you must exercise extreme care in handling solvents since they could be highly
flammable.

6. EXAMINATION

6.1 T-642 Surface preparation

(a) Surface preparation in general, satisfactory results may be obtained when the surface of the
part is in the as-welded, as-rolled, as-cast, or as-forged condition. Surface preparation by grinding,
machining, or other methods may be necessary where surface irregularities could mask indications.

(b) Prior to each liquid penetrant examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas
within at least 1 in. (25 mm) shall be dry and free of all dirt, grease, lint, scale, welding flux, weld
spatter, paint, oil, and other extraneous matter that could obscure surface openings or otherwise
interfere with the examination.

(c) Typical cleaning agents which may be used are detergents, organic solvents, descaling
solutions, and paint removers. Degreasing and ultrasonic cleaning methods may also be used.

(d) Cleaning solvents shall meet the requirements of 5.4.2. The cleaning method employed is an
important part of the examination process.

NOTE: Conditioning of surfaces prior to examination as required in may affect the results.

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6.2 T-643 DRYING AFTER PREPARATION
After cleaning, drying of the surfaces to be examined shall be accomplished by normal evaporation or
with forced hot or cold air. A minimum period of time shall be established to ensure that the cleaning
solution has evaporated prior to application of the penetrant.

6.3 T-671 PENETRANT APPLICATION

The penetrant may be applied by any suitable means, such as dipping, brushing, or spraying. If the
penetrant is applied by spraying using compressed-air-type apparatus, filters shall be placed on the
upstream side near the air inlet to preclude contamination of the penetrant by oil, water, dirt, or
sediment that may have collected in the lines.

6.4 T-672 PENETRATION (DWELL) TIME

Penetration (dwell) time is critical. The minimum penetration time shall be as required in 5.5.3 or as
qualified by demonstration for specific applications. The maximum dwell time shall not exceed 2 hr. or
as qualified by demonstration for specific applications. Regardless of the length of the dwell time, the
penetrant shall not be allowed to dry. If for any reason the penetrant does dry, the examination
procedure shall be repeated, beginning with a cleaning of the examination surface.

6.5 T-673 EXCESS PENETRANT REMOVAL

6.5.1 After the specified penetration (dwell) time has elapsed, any penetrant remaining on the surface
shall be removed, taking care to minimize removal of penetrant from discontinuities.

6.5.1.1 T-673.1 Water-Washable Penetrants. Excess water washable penetrant shall be removed with a
water spray. The water pressure shall not exceed 50 psi (350 kPa), and the water temperature shall not
exceed 110F (43C).

6.5.1.2 T-673.3 Solvent Removable Penetrants. Excess solvent removable penetrants shall be removed
by wiping with a cloth or absorbent paper, repeating the operation until most traces of penetrant have
been removed. The remaining traces shall be removed by lightly wiping the surface with cloth or
absorbent paper moistened with solvent. To minimize removal of penetrant from discontinuities, care
shall be taken to avoid the use of excess solvent. Flushing the surface with solvent, following the
application of the penetrant and prior to developing, is prohibited.

6.6 T-674 DRYING AFTER EXCESS PENETRANT REMOVAL

(a) For the water washable or post-emulsifying technique, the surfaces may be dried by blotting
with clean materials or by using circulating air, provided the temperature of the surface is not raised
above 125F (52C).

(b) For the solvent removable technique, the surfaces may be dried by normal evaporation, blotting,
wiping, or forced air.

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6.7 T-675 DEVELOPING

6.7.1 The developer shall be applied as soon as possible after penetrant removal; the time interval
shall not exceed that established in the procedure. Insufficient coating thickness may not draw the
penetrant out of discontinuities; conversely, excessive coating thickness may mask Indications. Only
solvent based developer shall be used.

6.7.2 T-675.2 Wet Developer Application. Prior to applying suspension type wet developer to the
surface, the developer must be thoroughly agitated to ensure adequate dispersion of suspended
particles.

6.7.2.1 Nonaqueous Developer Application. No aqueous developers shall be applied by spraying,

except where safety or restricted accesses preclude it. Under such conditions, developer may be
applied by brushing. For water-washable or post-emulsifiable penetrants, the developer shall be applied
to a dry surface. For solvent removable penetrants, the developer may be applied as soon as practical
after excess penetrant removal. Drying shall be by normal evaporation.

6.7.3 T-675.3 Developing Time. Developing time for final interpretation begins immediately after the
application of a dry developer or as soon as a wet developer coating is dry.

6.7.4 The developer will be applied according to the following:

(a) Shake the bottle of developer

(b) Apply the developer at a distance of about 12 "with an angle of approximately 45 degrees.
(c) Repeat step B two or three times until provides a uniform layer of developer.

6.8 T-676 INTERPRETATIONS

6.8.1 T-676.1 Final Interpretation. Final interpretation shall be made not less than 10 min or are more
than 60 min after he requirements of T-675.3 satisfied. If bleed-out does not alter the examination
results, longer periods are permitted. If the surface to be examined is large enough to preclude
complete examination within the prescribed or established time, the examination shall be performed in
increments.

6.8.2 T-676.2 Characterizing Indication(s). The types of discontinuities are difficult to evaluate if the
penetrant diffuses excessively into the developer. If this condition occurs, close observation of the
formation of indication(s) during application of the developer may assist in characterizing and
determining the extent of the indication(s).

6.8.3 T-676.3 Color Contrast Penetrants. With a color contrast penetrant, the developer forms a
reasonably uniform white coating. Surface discontinuities are indicated by bleed-out of the penetrant
which is normally a deep red color that stains the developer. Indications with a light pink color may
indicate excessive cleaning. Inadequate cleaning may leave an excessive background making
interpretation difficult. Illumination (natural or supplemental white light) of the examination surface is

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required for the evaluation of indications. The minimum light intensity shall be 100 fc (1 000 lx). The
light intensity, natural or supplemental white light source, shall be measured with a white light meter
prior to the evaluation of indications or a verified light source shall be used. Verification of light sources
is required to be demonstrated only one time, documented, and maintained on file.

6.8.4 T-676.4 Fluorescent Penetrants. With fluorescent penetrants, the process is essentially the
same as in 7.3, with the exception that the examination is performed using an ultraviolet light, called
black light. The examination shall be performed as follows:

(a) It shall be performed in a darkened area.

(b) Examiners shall be in a darkened area for at least 5 min prior to performing examinations to
enable their eyes to adapt to dark viewing. Glasses or lenses worn by examiners shall not be
photosensitive.

(c) Black lights shall achieve a minimum of 1000 W/cm2 on the surface of the part being examined
throughout the examination.

(d) Reflectors and filters should be checked and, if necessary, cleaned prior to use. Cracked or
broken filters shall be replaced immediately.

(e) The black light intensity shall be measured with a black light meter prior to use, whenever the
lights power source is interrupted or changed, and at the completion of the examination or series of
examinations.

7. T-680 EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS

(a) Mechanical discontinuities at the surface will be indicated by bleeding out of the penetrant;
however, localized surface imperfections, such as may occur from machining marks or surface
conditions, may produce similar indications that are nonrelevant to the detection of unacceptable
discontinuities.

(b) Any indication that is believed to be nonrelevant shall be regarded as a defect and shall be
reexamined to verify whether or not actual defects are present. Surface conditioning may precede the
reexamination. Nonrelevant indications and broad areas of pigmentation that would mask indications of
defects are unacceptable.

(c) Relevant indications are those that result from mechanical discontinuities. Linear indications are
those indications in which the length is more than three times the width. Rounded indications are
indications that are circular or elliptical with the length less than three times the width.

(d) An indication of a discontinuity may be larger than the discontinuity that causes it; however, the
size of the indication and not the size of the discontinuity is the basis of acceptance or rejection.

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7.1 ASME CODE SECTION VIII DIV. I

All surfaces to be examined shall be free of:

(a) relevant linear indications;

(b) relevant rounded indications greater than 3/16 in. (5 mm);
(c) four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1/16 in. (1.5 mm) or less (edge
to edge).

7.2 ASME CODE FOR PRESSURE PIPING B31.1

Indications whose major dimensions are greater than 116 in. (2.0 mm) shall be considered relevant.
The following relevant indications are unacceptable:

(a) any cracks or linear indications

(b) rounded indications with dimensions greater than 316 in. (5.0 mm)
(c) four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 116 in. (2.0 mm) or less edge to edge
(d) ten or more rounded indications in any 6 in.2 (3 870 mm2) of surface with the major dimension
of this area not to exceed 6 in. (150 mm) with the area taken in the most unfavorable location relative to
the indications being evaluated

7.3 ASME CODE FOR PRESSURE PIPING B31.3

Any cracks or relevant linear indications are unacceptable

8.0 POST-EXAMINATION CLEANING

When post-examination cleaning is required by the procedure, it should be conducted as soon as

practical after Evaluation and Documentation using a process that does not adversely affect the part.

9. T-692 EXAMINATION RECORDS

9.1 For each examination, at least the following information shall be recorded:

(a) Procedure identification and revision;

(b) Liquid penetrant type (visible or fluorescent);
(c) Type (number or letter designation) of each penetrant, penetrant remover, emulsifier, and
developer used;
(d) Examination personnel identity and if required by referencing Code Section, qualification level;
(e) Map or record of indications per
(f) Material and thickness;
(g) Lighting equipment; and
(h) Date of examination.

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9.2 Test data Referred to penetrant Inspection in 9.1 will be recorded in the format FPT 01
Inspection Report penetrant which is annexed. This completed form and accompanied by the
necessary sketches location shown is the single comprehensive report of the test performed.

10. ANNEXES

10.1 FORMAT F-PT-01 PENETRANT INSPECTION REPORT

10.2 FORMAT F-OP-03 SKETCH OR REFERENCE PHOTOS

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 REPORTE DE INSPECCION MEDIANTE LIQUIDOS PENETRANTES
( LIQUID PENETRANT INSPECTION REPORT)
No. Reporte (Report No.) Hoja (Sheet) de (of )

CLIENTE (Customer): LUGAR (Place):

PROYECTO (Project) Y/O O.T. (Job): FECHA (Date):
PIEZAS INSP (Parts): DIBUJO (Draw ing):

MATERIAL (MATERIAL TYPE): ESPESOR (Thickness): LIMPIEZA PREVIA(Pre-cleaner):

PENETRANTE (PENETRANT): PROCEDIMIENTO (PROCEDURE)

REVELADOR (DEVELOPER): CRITERIO DE ACEPT. (Accept criteria):
REMOVEDOR (REMOVER): ILUMINACION (LIGHTING):
MARCA (TRADE MARK): TIEMPO DE PENET ( Penetration Time):
TIPO (TYPE): TIEMPO DE REVEL (Developing Time):
LIMPIEZA (CLEANER): TEMPERATURA (TEMPERATURE):

CLAVE DE PROCESO RESULTADO

IDENTIFICACION SOLDADURA DIAMETRO DE OBSERVACIONES
SOLDADOR (RESULT)
(IDENTIFICATION) (WELDING No.) (DIAMETER) SOLDADURA (REMARKS)
(W/STAMP) A R
WELD P ROCESS

NOMENCLATURA ( Nem enclature): A = Aceptable (Accepted)

R = X Rechazada (Rejected)

EVALUADO POR(Evaluated by): DE CONFORMIDAD (Under):

INSPECTOR NIVEL II SNT-TC 1A DE CONFORMIDAD:

(LEVEL II INSPECTOR SNT-TC 1A) (ACCEPTED):
Email siccsam ty@yahoo.com .m x Tel Nextel 81 17 37 05 88 ID 92*101 29 14*1 y 81 17 371056 ID 92*101 29 14*2
5-03-2016 F-PT-01 REV. 03

F-PT-01 03 MAYO 2016 REV-01

SICC-PT-01 REV- 01 Date 05 03 16 Page 11-12

 No. Reporte (Report No.) Hoja (sheet) de (of)

CLIENTE (Customer): LUGAR (Place):

PROYECTO (Project): FECHA (Date):
PIEZAS INSP (Parts): DIBUJO (Draw ing)
METODO DE INSPECCION (Inspeccion Method) O.T. (Job):

CROQUIS DE LOCALIZACION Y/O FOTOS DE REFERENCIA

(sketch of Location or Reference Photos)

EVALUADO POR (Evaluated by): DE CONFORMIDAD (Under):

INSPECTOR NIVEL II SNT-TC 1A DE CONFORMIDAD:

(LEVEL II INSPECTOR SNT-TC 1A) (ACCEPTED):
Email siccsamty@yahoo.com.mx Tel Nextel 81 17 37 05 88 ID 92*1012914*1 y 81 17 10 56 ID 92* 101 29 14 *2
5-03-2016 F-OP-03 REV. 03

F-OP-03 03 MAYO 2016 REV-01

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