An optic fiber with 3.
2 m diameter core was used for Calculate the image frequency for a standard AM broadcast band
communication; the core and cladding indexes for refraction are 1.59
and 1.51, respectively. Calculate the cutoff wavelength on
micrometer.
Ans. 1.27
Determine the optical power in microwatts 60 km from a 0.1
milliwatt source on a single mode fiber that has 0.25 dB/km loss.
Ans. 3.165
Calculate the power driven to the speaker of a radio receiver, if the
antenna receives 8 microvolts signal into its 50 ohm input impedance.
Ans. -119 dBW
Calculate the optical power in microvolts at a distance 60 km from a
0.1 milliwatts source, on a single mode fiber that has a 0.25 dB/km
loss.
Ans. 3.165
A digital transmission system has a BER of 10,000 and is 100
milliwatts bits long. Calculate the expected number of error.
Ans. 10,000
Calculate the noise bandwidth of a tuned circuit whose dynamic
resistance is 1.4 k, while the capacitance is 20 pF.
Ans. 8.9 MHz
*Crosstalk in telephony, refers to the unwanted coupling between
signal paths and contribute the crosstalk coupling loss in dBx core
unit of crosstalk in dB above reference coupling if the crosstalk
coupling is 20 dBx.
Ans. 70
Determine the excess noise ratio (ENR) in dB of a device if the
temperature is 990 K.
Ans. 3.8
In optical communication system, calculate the dispersion factor in
ns/km if the maximum data rate for a length of 10 km is 1.33 Mbps.
Ans. 15
A radio transmitter radiates 100 W power when 100% modulated.
How much power is saved when the carrier and one sideband is
suppressed?
Ans. 83 W
The maximum value that a characteristic impedance of an air
dielectric parallel wire could have is ___ ohms.
Ans. 83
Using a uniformly illuminated parabolic reflector, calculate the half-
power beamwidth for an antenna with a gain of 40 dB.
Ans. 1.4 degrees
*Calculate the antenna power gain for beamwidth of 10 degrees.
Ans. 26 dB
In digital modulation system, what is the input rate to MSK
modulator, if the mark frequency is 5 MHz. Assume n is equal to
unity.
Ans. 10 Mbps
Calculate the absorption in metric sabine contributed by 30 persons
inside a room.
Ans. 13
*The velocity of sound in dry air medium is 331.45 m/s. Calculate
the new velocity if there is an increase of temperature equal to 10C.
Ans. 337.52 m/s
Using the impedance tube method of measuring absorption
coefficient of sound waves, calculate the absorption coefficient when
the amplitudes of the incident and the reflected sound waves are 30
and 25 respectively.
Ans. 99
A transmitter with 10 kW carrier power transmits 12 kW when
modulated with a single sine wave at 50% modulation. Calculate the
total transmitted power.
Ans. 13.25 kW
receiver (IF=455 kHz) and tuned to 540 kHz.
Ans. 1450 kHz
What is the noise voltage of a parallel combination of 3 1kilo ohm
resistors on a 1 MHz frequency range?
Ans. 2.31 microvolts
Calculate the percentage of maximum coupling for waveguide
coupling if the loop coupler for a magnetic field is rotated 30 degrees
to the field.
Ans. 50%
Calculate the image frequency for a standard AM broadcast station
receiver in the Philippines tuned to 540 kHz.
Ans. 1450 kHz
What power in watts is required of an 8 level code, it 8 watts is
necessary for a binary code?
Ans. 392
In cellular system with frequency reuse of 7, for a total of 1200 voice
channels, calculate the radio capacity.
Ans. 171
A radar mile is the time required for a radar pulse to travel one mile
to an object and return to the receiver. One radar nautical mile is
equivalent to how many microseconds?
Ans. 12.36
In an SSB communication system, what is the maximum suppression
of the unwanted sideband, if the duration from a perfect 90 degree
phase shift is 6 degrees?
Ans. 25.6 dB
Calculate the approximate tower separation in feet, if two towers
operating on 950 kHz antenna are separated by 120 electrical
degrees.
Ans. 345
The front-to-back ratio for an antenna with a forward gain of 15 dB
and the reverse gain of -2dB is
Ans. 17 dB
Determine the transient time in cycles, that electrons make in repeller
space, for a practice reflex klystron microwave oscillator if the mode
used is 2?
Ans. 2.75
*Calculate the power in a 1 millisecond pulse of the energy generated
by one photon for infrared light energy at 1.550 micrometers
(Plancks constant is equal to 6.68 * 10^-34 J-s).
Ans. 1.22 x 10^-16
In radar system set up by the police to tract speed violators, calculate
the lowest value of radar pulse repetition frequency (PRF) that can be
used to ensure that the first blind speed is above 55 km/s (the
wavelength used is 15 cm).
Ans. 733 kHz
A communication receiver has a 1 MHz bandwidth and a 20 dB noise
figure. If a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB is desired, what should be
the sensitivity?
Ans. -84 dBm
In a radar system, the relative velocity of a target and the source is
200 megameter/second and the transmitting frequency is 10 GHz,
what is the Doppler frequency difference?
Ans. 6.67 GHz
Calculate the Doppler shift for a 500 MHz signal when the target is
moving directly towards the radar at a relative velocity of 240 m/s.
Ans. 800 Hz
The antenna current of an AM transmitter is 10 A when not
modulated, but increases to 11 A when modulated. Calculate the
percentage modulation,
Ans. 64.8%
In an optical fiber and its cladding have refractive indexes of 1.2 and
1.195 respectively. Determine the acceptance angle.
1
Ans. 70.38 degrees = 50 kHz
fm = 5 kHz
Medium 1 is made of glass, while medium 2 is made of ethyl alcohol. BW = ?
Their refractive indexes are 1.45 and 1.34 respectively. For an angle Ans. 110 kHz
of incidence of 37 degrees, determine the angle of refraction.
Ans. 40.63 degrees A = 42,241.0979
P = 0.9972
What is the effective radiated power (ERP) of a repeater with 200 W H=?
transmitting power output, 2 dB duplexer loss, 2 dB feed line loss, 3 = AP^2/3
dB circulator loss, and feed line antenna gain of 10 dB? h = 6370
Ans. 398 W Ans. 591,437,697.7

For an Ethernet bus that is Peak visual transmitter power = 5 kW

Peak aural transmitter power = ?
An amplifier NF = 3 dB Ans. 20% 5 kW
Determine Teq
Ans. 288.5 K 11th octave above 1 Hz
Ans. 2048 Hz
3 stage amplifier
=?
Stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 Rin = 10 cm
Power gain 10 20 30 TE11
Noise 2 4 5 Kr = 1084
Calculate NF Ans. 0.034 m
Ans. 2.37
N=?
3 stage amplifier Unclad fiber
Teq 70 K Diameter core = light used
Gt 45 dB n = 1.55
Stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 Ans. 6
NF(max) = ? 3 dB 6 dB
Power gain 20 dB 15 dB *Rectangular waveguide
Ans. 0.56 W = 0.8 m
H = 0.6 m
An amplifier has a noise figure of 4 dB. If the signal-to-noise ratio of F = 12 GHz
its input is 30 dB, what is the signal-to-noise ratio at its output in dB? =?
Ans. 26 Ans. 4.06 cm

Find the modulation index of a 20 V carrier is amplitude modulated Degree of inclination

by three different frequencies with amplitudes 1 V, 2 V, and 3 V U = 35790 km
respectively. R = 6378 km
Ans. 0.187 Ans. 1.94

In an SSBSC system, what will be the value of the maximum of 4th harmonic of a 1 meter long radio wave
instantaneous peak power if the peak envelope power (PEP) is 6 Ans. 0.25
watts?
Ans. 12 W *Ncore = 1.54, nclad = 1.5
NA = ?
A phase modulation system operates with a modulation index of 1.2. Ans. 0.352
What is the maximum phase shift in degrees?
Ans. 69 Semiconductor diode
Solution: E = 1.9 eV, f = ?
180 Ans. 459 THz
1.2rad
rad *Given:
400 ft antenna at f = 6200 kHz
Frequency 10 octaves above 30 Hz =?
Ans. 3 Ans. 0.488
Formula:
f2 Length of antenna = 3.5, fo = 5 MHz
2n = L=?
f1 Ans. 295.2 ft

Reliability = 99.999% Determine in Angstrom of the light frequency 322 THz.

Outage = ? Ans. 9317
Ans. 53 minutes
N1 = 1.55, n2 = 1.36, = 33
R = 99.999% ref = ?
Amount of loss in dB Ans. 38.37
Ans. 50 dB
Solution: *Calculate video frequency response corresponding to the horizontal
L = -10 log(1 R) resolution of 200 lines of a TV.
Ans. 2.5 MHz
*Vp-p = 240 V
R = 100 In facsimile transmission, if the drum diameter is 60 mm and the
PEP = ? scanning pitch is 0.1 mm, calculate the index of cooperation using
Solution: IEEE recommendation.
2 Ans. 1885
Vpp
PEP = /R
2 A coaxial cable used as a transmission line has an inner diameter of
Ans. 72 W 0.05 in and an outer diameter of 0.2 in. Calculate the characteristic
impedance of the cable when the material used is polyethylene.
2
Ans. 55 *Determine bandwidth efficiency of a 16 QAM modulation using 20
Mbps input.
*A microwave communications uses plane reflectors as passive Ans. 4 Mbps
repeaters. The diameter of the parabolic antenna is 18 ft., while the
effective area is 310 ft^2. Determine the reflector coupling factor. What is the dynamic range for 10 bit sign magnitude PCM code?
Ans. 0.906 as encoded Ans. 54 dB

*What is the characteristics impedance of a basic parallel wire line if Vmax = 2.6 V, Vmin = 0.29, determine percent modulation.
its diameter is 0.023 in with spacing of 0.4 in apart, if it uses a Ans. 11.15%
dielectric material made of continuous polyvinyl chloride?
Ans. 234 ohms Given pulse spreading constant = 10 ns/m and cable length = 100 m.
Determine maximum bit rate in Mbps for UPNRZ transmission.
What would be the MPD of a 50 year old man? Ans. 0.5 Mbps
Ans. 160 rems
*Determine the resolution for 8 bit linear PCM with maximum
R = 20,000 ohms, T = 290 K, calculate the noise threshold voltage decoded voltage 1.27 Vp.
BW = 100 kHz Ans. 0.005
Ans. 5.65 V
Frequency swing of FM modulation = 80%.
Parallel combination, R = 10 k,C = 0.5 F. Calculate the effective Ans. 129 kHz
noise bandwidth.
Ans. 50 Hz Pc = 10 W, m = 90%, total transmitted power = ?
Ans. 4.05 W
Noise factor of 10, determine the noise figure.
Ans. 10 Input signal of 1.5 MHz is mixed with local oscillator of 5 MHz. A
filter selects an IF, the output is ___
Sample rate of 30 kHz in PCM, determine the maximum analog input Ans. 3.5 MHz
frequency.
Ans. 15 kHz An AM current reads 8 A with an unmodulated carrier. With 75%
modulation, what is antenna current?
Speed of sound is 1000 ft/s, what frequency has a wavelength of 24 Ans. 9.38 A
in?
Ans. 500 Hz In satellite communications, total transmit power = 5000 W,
determine energy per bit, transmission rate = 30 Mbps.
Average power = 500 W, 4 ohm loudspeaker, determine RMS Ans. -40 dBW
current.
Ans. 11 A Earth station transmitter with output power = 10 kW, back off loss =
3 dB, branching loss = 4 dB, gain = 40 dB, determine EIRP.
Plate voltage = 2000 V, plate current = 500 mA, modulated 50%. Ans. 73 dBW
Determine audio power.
Ans. 125 W Equivalent noise bandwidth 10 MHz (satellite system) noise power =
0.0280 pW, determine noise density in dBW.
Find audio power, modulated 65%, dc power output is 1 kW. Ans. -205.5 dBW
Ans. 201 W
Half-wave antenna radiates transceiver operating on 7 MHz.
Audio power = 500 W, modulated 50%. Find RC power input. Determine physical length.
Ans. 4000 W Ans. 66.9 ft

5 kW antenna, field intensity of 50 V/m in receiver what 20 kW G = 10 dB, Pt = 6000 W, determine ERP
produce? Ans. 6000 W
Ans. 100 V/m
Determine bandwidth efficiency for QPSK modulation at rate 10
If antenna current increased 3 dB times, radiated power increase Mbps.
Ans. 11.56 times Ans. 2 bits/cycle

*Antenna current increases 2.8 times, field strength increase For 16 QAM
Ans. 2.8 Ans. 4 bits/cycle

Two towers of 1000 kHz separated by 128. What is the tower For BPSK modulation with fc = 80m MHz, input bit rate of 10 Mbps,
separation in ft? determine minimum Nyquist bandwidth.
Ans. 328 ft Ans. 10 MHz

*Voltage in antenna = 2.7 V, field intensity in the antenna site is 27 For QPSK, fc = 70 MHz, fc = 10 Mbps, determine minimum Nyquist
mV/m. What is the effective height? bandwidth.
Ans. 100 m Ans. 5 MHz

Determine efficiency, Pin = 1050 W, I = 9A, R = 8 *For 8PSK, data rate = 10 MHz, fc = 70 MHz. Determine bit rate in
Ans. 61.7% the bi-phase channel.
Ans. 3.33 Mbps
Determine ERP input power 320 W, 60% efficiency, field gain is 1.3
at 100 V/m eff. *Determine channel capacity of 4 kHz channel with S/N = 10 dB.
Ans. 319.7 W Ans. 13885 bps

500 kHz antenna radiates 500 W of power, field strength equal to 1.5 Bandwidth required to send 132 voice grade channels by FDM on an
mV/m, power delivered by antenna increased to 1 kW, what would international satellite.
be the expected field intensity? Ans. 10 MHz
Ans. 2.12
Bandwidth needed to support a capacity 20000 bps (using Shannon
Determine impedance of quarter wavelength line to match 600 ohm theory), when the ratio of power to noise is 200.
feed to 70 ohm antenna. Ans. 2605 Hz
Ans. 205 ohm

3
Channel capacity for signal power of 200 W, noise power of 10 W, Frequency deviation = 5 kHz, fm = 500 Hz, (S/N)input = 20 dB,
and bandwidth of 2 kHz. calculate (S/N)output.
Ans. 8815 bps Ans. 40 dB

Calculate the peak power in a 120 mV NRZ square wave on a 600 Phase modulation system, modulation index = 1.2, what is maximum
ohm channel. phase shift?
Ans. 12 V Ans. 69 degrees

Binary data is to be transmitted at 10 kbps, what minimum bandwidth Fc = 220 MHz, m = 3, fm = 2 kHz, what is bandwidth using Carsons
to pass the fastest information change undistorted? rule?
Ans. 5 kHz Ans. 16 kHz

Aspect ratio, 6 MHz NTSC TV Ethernet bus, 500 meters length, velocity factor = 0.66,
Ans. 1.33 communication rate = 10 Mbps, calculate total number of bits by
each station before collision, both stations transmit.
How long does it take to scan 2 picture elements when 400 are Ans. 25 bits
scanned in 60 s?
Ans. 0.3 s Asynchronous communication system uses ASCII at 9600 bps with
light bit, 1 start bit, 0 parity bit, and 1 stop bit. Express in
Calculate the time of one horizontal line for frames operated at 25 Hz words/minute (assume word has 5 char/letter and 1 space)
with 62.5 interlaced lines/frame of a TV receiver. Ans. 9600 words/min
Ans. 64 s
Attenuator loss = 26 dB, power applied = 3 W, Po = ?
500 candle power that is located 12 ft from a surface provides how Ans. 7.54 mW
many lux?
Ans. 37.57 An amplifier with 20 dB gain is connected to another with 10 dB gain
by means of a transmission line with a loss of 4 dB, if a signal with a
Signal power at input to an amplifier is 100, noise power is 1 W. At power level of -14 dBm were applied to the system, calculate the
the output, signal power is 1 W noise power is 90 mW. Noise figure power output.
=? Ans. 12 dBm
Ans. 6 dB
An amplifier with an overall gain of 20 dB is impressed with a signal
Transistor has power dissipation of 30 W, calculate the power an whose power level is 1 watt. Calculate the power output in dBm.
amplifier could deliver to the load if it operates in class A, efficiency Ans. 50
is 30%.
Ans. 12.80 W A signal in a cable TV system has an amplitude of 4 mV in a 75 ohm
resistance line. Calculate its level in dBm.
Telephone system local loop has resistance of 1 kohm and telephone Ans. -36.7
connected off hook resistance is 200 ohms. Calculate voltage when
phone is off hook. A 300 ohm resistor is connected across the 300 ohm antenna input of
Ans. 8 V a TV receiver. The bandwidth of the receiver is at 27C. Find the
noise voltage applied to the receiver input.
A tone measures 80 dBrnc at the output of a 4 wire central office. Ans. 2.73 V
What will it be at a local loop that is -8 dB TLP?
Ans. 74 dBrnc A diode generator is required to produce 12 V of noise in a receiver
with an input impedance of 75 ohms and a noise power of 200 kHz.
*Frequency which 400 Hz baseband frequency will be translated for Determine the current through the diode in mA.
channel 7 of a group of FDM system Ans. 400
Ans. 83.6 kHz
R1 and R2 connected in series at 300 K and 900 K. If R1 = 200
Carrier frequency = 150 MHz ohms, R2 = 300 ohms, find P at the load (RL = 500 ohms),
Modulating frequency = 3 kHz bandwidth = 100 kHz.
Em = 30 V Ans. 0.496 fW
Find peak voltage of the lower side frequency/ upper side frequency.
Ans. 15 V *Receiver produces noise power of 250 mW with no signal. The
output increases to 5 W when the signal is applied, calculate (S/N)/N
Transmitter supplies 10 kW of carrier power. Rload = 50 ohms, fc = in dB.
1.2 MHz, m = 0.85, fm = 3 MHz. Calculate rms voltage. Ans. 13
Ans. 825 V
What is the cut off frequency of a rectangular waveguide that has a
Kf = 30 MHz/V, fc = 175 MHz, Em = 4 V, determine frequency width of 0.6 in and a height of 0.36 in?
deviation. Ans. 9842.5 MHz
Ans. 169.8 kHz
How often will hand offs occur when a vehicle travels through
*Kp = 2 rad/V, peak phase deviation = 30 degrees, what is rms CMTS at 100 kph speed if the distance between cell sites is 10 km?
voltage? Ans. 360 s
Ans. 0.185 V
What is the speed of 1 data channel, if a PCM has a sampling rate of
FM communication transmitter maximum frequency deviation = 5 8000 samples per second?
kHz, range of fm = 300 Hz to 4 kHz, what is the maximum phase Ans. 64 kbps
shift?
Ans. 16.2 rad *Calculate the time delay in nanoseconds introduced by a 100 ft
coaxial cable with a dielectric constant of 2.3.
Kp = 3 rad/V, sine wave input of 2 V peak at a frequency of 2 kHz, Ans. 154
what is the frequency deviation?
Ans. 12 kHz Calculate the phase shift offered by 75 ft line using a solid
polyethylene dielectric having a dielectric constant of 2.3 and
Maximum frequency deviation = 2.5 kHz, fm = 300 Hz to 3 kHz, operating on 5 MHz frequency.
what is minimum phase shift? Ans. 208 degrees
Ans. 8.33 rad
*The choir in the church composed of 20 member sings silent
night. A soloist sings in a passage and is then joined by the rest of
4
the choir members singing with the same intensity. What is the Ans. 10,240 Hz
difference in the sound intensity level in two cases?
Ans. 13 dB In radar communications system, calculate the range in range in
meters for a target, if the time between the transmission and reception
*A sound pressure (RMS) of 125 microbars is equivalent to what of the signal is 167 reception.
pressure level? Ans. 25,050
Ans. 116 dB
Calculate the frequency swing of an FM broadcast transmitter when
*A telephone signal takes 2 quarters of a second to reach is modulated 60%.
destination Calculate the via net loss necessary for an acceptable Ans. 90 kHz
echo.
Ans. 100.4 dB Local multipoint distribution service is a two way broadband service
that allow communication providers to offer a variety of high
Step index, n-core = 1.35, = 0.03 bandwidth services to have and business including broadband internet
Determine dispersion/km access. LMDS operates at ___ frequency range.
Ans. 159.8 ns/km Ans. 27 31 GHz

Dcore = 50 m, wavelength = 0.82 m, NA = 0.343 Find the electric field intensity of a 1 kW broadcast transmitter at a
Determine V number distance of 20 km from the source.
Ans. 64.6 Ans. 8.66 mV/m

A simple mode fiber is made with dcore = 10 m and is coupled to a Calculate the actual deviation of an FM audio signal in a TV, if the
light source with a wavelength 2 m. Its core glass has n = 1.55, percentage modulation is 72%.
determine the clad required for producing single mode propagation, Ans. 18 kHz
VCO = 2.045
Ans. 1.547 *Transmitter is using a doubler, 2 triplers, and quadrupler. Calculate
its crystal oscillator frequency.
Pw = 1.0 s, PRR = 900, average plate power input = 45 W, peak Ans. 2000 MHz
power = ?
Ans. 50 kW A radio transmitter has to operate at a temperature of 31C. If its
signal is derived from a crystal oscillator with temperature coefficient
If acceptance acceptance = 20 degrees, NA = ? of 1 ppm/C, find the transmitting frequency.
Ans. 34 Ans. 150.0021 MHz

FO cable loss = 16 dB/km, if l = 200 ft, determine attenuator. An AM transmitter is modulated by two sine waves at 1.5KHz and
Ans. 9.76 dB 2.5kHz with modulation of 20% and 80% respectively. Calculate the
effective modulation index.
Surface index = 1.55, refractive index = 1.51, determine NA. Ans. 82%
Ans. 0.305
An AM signal has the following characteristics
Glass refractive index 1.56 clad with another glass refractive index Carrier frequency = 150 MHz
1.51 determine the acceptance angle. Modulating frequency = 3 MHz
Ans. 17.7 degrees Peak carrier voltage = 40 V and peak modulation voltage is 30 V
Calculate the peak voltage of the lower sideband and frequency.
Carrier frequency of 6 GHz and a distance 40 km, determine FSL. Ans. 15 V
Ans. 140 dB
A telephone line has a bandwidth of 3.2 kHz and a signal-to-noise
In a microwave communications, determine the noise power in dBm, ratio of 36 dB a signal is transmitted down the line using the level
1.4 dBm for noise bandwidth of 10 MHz. code. Calculate the maximum theoretical data taking into account the
Ans. 104 dBm present of noise.
Ans. 38.4 kbps
(C/N)min = 22 dBm with 10 MHz bandwidth. Determine minimum
received carrier power. Range of 9 dB. Calculate the number of quantizing bits/sample.
Ans. -82 dBm Ans. 16

3 amplifiers cascaded, NF = 3 dB, G = 10 dBm, determine Nft A broadcast TV channel in the Philippines has a bandwidth of 6
Ans. 5.00 dB MHz. Calculate the minimum permissible S/N in dB using 8 level
code.
Transmitter 600 ft, height receive antenna 240 ft, find transmission Ans. 18 dB
distance.
Ans. 56.5 miles *Calculate the maximum theoretical data rate for one satellite
transponder used for binary data transmission.
Calculate electric field intensity in mV/m at 30 kW from 5 km source Ans. 72 Mbps
Ans. 12.9
*Loudness of 80 phons is equivalent to what loudness in sone unit?
Total power delivered isotropic antenna 200,000 W, determine power Ans. 16 sones
density at 100 meters.
Ans. 1.59 W/m2 If the wavelength of sound is 3.5 cm in sea water, calculate its
frequency.
In pulse code modulation assuming uniform quantization, calculate Ans. 43 kHz
the signal-to-noise ratio in dB, for a 6-bit code word.
Ans. 37.8 *The helical antenna has the dimensions, pitch is 13 wavelength,
diameter is wavelength, and turns is 27. What is the gain in dB?
Calculate the wavelength of a sound wave on sea water whose Ans. 19
frequency is 100 kHz at 25C.
Ans. 1.52 cm What is the power in one sideband of an AM whose carrier power is
50 W. The unmodulated carrier is 2 A while the modulated current is
The threshold point of a QPSK system is plus or minus ___ 2.4 A.
Ans. 0.785 Ans. 1.1 W

In acoustics if the low frequency edge of a band is 10 Hz, what is the *Calculate the open circuit voltage induced in half wave dipole
high frequency edge of the band 10 octaves wide? whom 25 W power at 150 MHz is radiated from another half dipole
5
100 km distant. Assume the antennas are positioned for optimum A satellite transmission with 8 W power repeater at 4 GHz with
transmission and reception (gain is 1.64 and effective length is equal antenna gain of 40 dB. The receiver 40,000 km away has an antenna
to /). gain of 50 dBi. If the overall loss is 9 dB, find the ERP.
Ans. 2.23 V Ans. 41 dBW

If a unit mobile radio system the base station transmits 100 V at 160
MHz frequency using half wave dipole antenna 20 m at a receiving
antenna at a height of 4 m and distance of 30 km.
Ans. 41.7 V

What would be the maximum range for tropospheric transmission

whose antenna heights are 30 m and 20 m?
Ans. 41 km

*The drum diameter of fax machine is 70 mm and the scanning pitch

is 0.25 mm/s. Calculate the index of cooperation as per IEEE
definition.
Ans. 880

The sound pressure level of 0 dB is equivalent to how many

microbars?
Ans. 0.002

*Determine the voltage reflection of a 300 ohms line terminated in a

load impedance of 100 + j300.
Ans. 0.52/_87

KHz tone is present in channel 4 of group are of a supergroup in

FDM communications. Determine at what frequency does the tone
appear in the supergroup output.
Ans. 326 kHz

Calculate the equivalent the noise bandwidth for a single RC low

pass filter of R = 10 k and C = 0.1 F.
Ans. 250 Hz

When the measuring a voice channel at a -4 dB test point level, the

meter reads 76 dBm. Calculate the reading in dBrncO.
Ans. 18

Calculate the transmitted data stream for the following data and CRC
generating polynomials.
Ans. 1011011101001

Determine the hamming bit for ASCII character (1011001). Insert the
hamming bit using odd parity.
Ans. 01110110001

*Rectangular waveguide used for microwave transmission has a

width of 1.4 in and height of 0.8 in.
All signal above ___ GHz will passed by the waveguide.
Ans. 4.218

*Calculate the minimum length of a pair of inductors to be

considered as a transmission line, if its operating frequency is 800
MHz.
Ans. 37.5 mm

Calculate the velocity factor of coaxial cable used as a transmission

line, with a characteristic impedance of a 50 ohm, capacitance is 40
pF/m, and inductance is 50 H/m.
Ans. 0.073

*The input current in a matched transmission line is 50 mA while the

load current to the line is 1 mile long. Calculate the attenuation
coefficient in db/m.
Ans. 0.01738

A rectangular waveguide has a broad wall dimension of 0.08 in and is

to by a 10 GHz carrier from a coaxial cable. Calculate the group
velocity in megameter/second.
Ans. 202.2

Calculate the free space loss between a satellite transmitter and a

satellite receiver at a distance of 25000 km using 6 GHz.
Ans. 196 dB

Assuming there is negligible noise, what will be the data rate of one
satellite transponder used for binary data transmission.
Ans. 72 Mbps