Pressure in Liquid

Pressure in Liquids

1. Pressure in liquid is owing to the weight of the liquid acting on the surface of any
objects in the liquid.
2. Pressure of a liquid is directly proportional to
a. the gravitational field strength
b. the depth
c. density of the liquid.
3. Pressure in liquids is not affected by the size or shape of the object.
4. The pressure caused by a liquid and the pressure in a liquid can be determined by using
the equation below:

Pressure Caused by Liquid

Pressure in Liquid
Pressure in Liquid - The U-Tube

1. Usually, a U-tube is used to compare and measure density of liquids.

2. The density of the 2 liquids is related by the equation:

h11=h22

Characteristics of Liquid Pressure

The pressure caused by a liquid has the following characteristics:

1. Pressure in liquid does not depends on

a. the shape of the container.
 b. the size of the container.

c. the area of its surface.

Pressure increases with depth

1. The deeper the liquid, the faster the liquid spurts out.
2. In conclusion, the pressure in a liquid increases with depth.
Pressure depends on the vertical depth, but not the length of liquid column.

Pressure at A = Pressure at B

All points at the same level in a liquid are at the same pressure

The level of the surface of a liquid in a container is always the same because for a given liquid,
the pressure is always equal at the same level.

Pressure does not depend on the surface area of the object.

Pressure exerted on the small fish

= Pressure exerted on the big fish
Pressure acts in all direction

The pressure at any point of a liquid acts equally in all direction.

Applications of Pressure in Liquid

Dam

1. The wall of the dam is built thicker at the bottom to withstand a higher pressure.
2. The generator is placed at the lower part so that the pressure of the water is high enough
to drive the turbine.
Submarine

In deep sea, the pressure of the water is tremendously high. Hence the body of the submarine is
thick and built by strong material

Measuring Blood Pressure

When measuring blood pressure, the inflatable cuff of the sphygmomanometer should be at the
same level with the heart so that the pressure measured is equal to the blood pressure of the
heart.

Intravenous Transfusion

For intravenous transfusion (IV), the bottle is hung at an elevated position to ensure that the
liquid in the IV bottle gains sufficient pressure to flow into the vein of the patient.
Water Tower

The water tower is built at high place so that the water has sufficient pressure to flow to
consumers house.