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STUDENTS DECLARATION
We declare that this is our own work except where due references are made. Plagiarism
and late submission of the lab report will be excluded in assessment and marking.
Experiment 2
Lab Report Rubric
Description Marks
Criteria Weightage
awarded
TOTAL 100
Experiment 2
Forced Convective Heat Transfer
2.1 Objective
To investigate the relationship between the inside film heat transfer coefficient and the
Reynolds number for turbulent flow of a fluid flowing inside a tube.
2.2 Introduction
p
T1 T2
P
T3
kw
For fully developed turbulent flow of a low viscosity such as water in a long tube, the
inside film heat transfer coefficient is related to the thermal, hydrodynamic and geometric
parameters of the system by the Dittus and Boelter equation
d
Re = Reynolds Number =
CP
Pr = Prandtls number =
k
This equation is valid for Re >> 2100 with Pr > 0.5 and is expected to predict the
magnitude of heat transfer coefficients to an accuracy of + 10%.
The rate of heat transfer, q , is given by the equation.
Q = m C p t
q is also related to the overall heat transfer coefficient and area of heat transfer by the
equation.
Q = U A Tm
Where, U = overall heat transfer coefficient
A = area of heat transfer surface
Tm = log mean temperature difference foe heat transfer
Finally, for a clean tube of inside diameter d1 and outside diameter d0, the overall heat
transfer coefficient based on the outside area of the tube is related to the inside and
outside film heat transfer coefficients by the equation
1 1 x dO 1 dO
U O hO k w d m hi d i
1 1 1 dO
UO hO hi d i
2.3 Experimental Results
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Table 2.1
2.4 Conclusion
Students are required to come up with a conclusion based on the experimental
results.