Philippine National Police

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The Philippine National Police (Filipino:

Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas and abbreviated as Philippine National Police
PNP) is the armed, civilian national police force of Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas
the Philippines. Its national headquarters is at Camp Abbreviation PNP
Crame in Quezon City, Metro Manila, and it has
170,000 personnel.

It is administered and controlled by the National

Police Commission and is part of the Department of
the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Local
Police officers are operationally controlled by
municipal mayors (except during the 30 days immediately
preceding and following any national, local and barangay Insignia of the Philippine National Police
elections . During these periods, the local police forces are
Motto "To Serve and to Protect"
under the supervision and control of the Commission on
Elections ). DILG, on the other hand, organizes, trains Agency overview
and equips the PNP for the performance of police Formed January 29, 1991[1]
functions as a police force that is national in scope and
civilian in character. Preceding
agencies Philippine Constabulary (August 18,
The PNP was formed on January 29, 1991 when the 1901January 29, 1991)[2]
Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Integrated National Police (August
Police were merged pursuant to Republic Act 6975 of 8, 1975January 29, 1991)
1990.[1]
Annual US$ 1.832 billion ( 88.513 billion)
budget (2016)[3]
Contents Legal Governmental: Government agency
personality
1 History
Jurisdictional structure
1.1 List of Chiefs of the Philippine
National Police National Philippines
2 Organization agency
2.1 Internal Affairs Service
2.2 Philippine National Police General
nature Law enforcement
Academy
Civilian agency
2.3 National Operations Center (NOC)
2.4 Police Regional / Provincial /
Component City and Municipal Operational structure
Offices Headquarters Camp Crame, Quezon City
2.4.1 Regional Offices
2.4.2 Provincial Offices Police officers 170,000
2.4.3 City and Municipal Offices Agency Police Director-General Ronald "Bato"
3 Officers executive Dela Rosa, Chief PNP
3.1 Recruitment and training
4 Fleet Parent Department of Interior and Local
5 Controversies agency Government via National Police
5.1 Manila blackmail incident Commission
5.2 Euro Generals scandal
5.3 Paraaque shootout Website
5.4 Binayug torture case www.pnp.gov.ph
5.5 Maguindanao massacre
 5.6 Failed hostage rescue operation
5.7 "Wheel of Torture" secret detention
facility
5.8 Korean kidnap-slay case
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

History
The common history of the police forces of the Philippines can be traced back to the reigns of the pre-Hispanic
lakans, datus and sultans in the islands, where soldiers who served in the communities where the people lived
(and which reported directly to local leaders) also enforced local laws. All changed with the arrival of the
Spanish rule and the introduction of Western law to the archipelago. Until 1868, personnel of the Spanish army
and local militias were also tasked with policing duties in local communities, together with the Island
Carabiniers (raised 1768 and the colony's first ever police service). In that year, the local branch of the Civil
Guard was officially established by order of then Governor-General Carlos Mara de la Torre y Nava Cerrada.
Starting from a single division, during the Revolutionary period it grew into a corps of military police with
detachments in Luzon and the Visayas, and was notorious for its abuses against Filipinos. (These abuses were
mentioned in Jos Rizal's two novels, Noli Me Tngere and El filibusterismo, both writing about several cases
of Civil Guardsmen abusing the local populace.) Civil Guardsmen formed part of the Spanish military forces
that fought against Filipino rebels during the Philippine Revolution.

With the beginning of American rule and the PhilippineAmerican War, the Philippine Constabulary (PC) was
raised in 1901 as a national gendarmerie force for law enforcement, directly reporting to the American
government. At the same time, what is now the Manila Police District came into existence as the Philippines'
first city police force. Later police forces began to model the US departments.

The PC was later integrated into the ranks of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in the late 1930s - first as a
command of the Army, and later on its own after the State Police folded. (The PC's personnel would later be
fighting on both sides in the Second World War.)

Passed on December 13, 1990, Republic Act No. 6975, the Department of the Interior and Local Government
Act of 1990, ordered the merger of both the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police and
formally created the Philippine National Police. R.A. 6975 was further amended by R.A. 8551, the Philippine
National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, and by R.A. 9708. The R.A. 8551 envisioned the PNP
to be a community- and service-oriented agency.

List of Chiefs of the Philippine National Police

The "Director General" is head of the Philippine National Police and the position is invariably held by a four-
star general.
No. Name
1 Cesar P. Nazareno
2 Raul S. Imperial
3 Umberto A. Rodriguez
4 Recaredo A. Sarmiento II
5 Santiago L. Alino
6 Roberto T. Lastimoso
7 Edmundo L. Larroza (OIC) 1999 November 16, 1999
8 Panfilo M. Lacson
9 Leandro Mendoza
10 Hemogenes E. Ebdane Jr.
11 Edgar B. Aglipay
12 Arturo Lomibao
13 Oscar C. Calderon
14 Avelino I. Razon Jr.
15 Jesus A. Verzosa
16 Raul Bacalzo
17 Nicanor Bartolome
18 Alan Purisima
19 Leonardo Espina (OIC)
20 Ricardo C. Marquez
21 Ronald "Bato" Dela Rosa
Term
March 31, 1991 August 28, 1992
August 28, 1992 May 6, 1993
May 6, 1993 July 8, 1994
July 8, 1994 December 15, 1997
December 15, 1997 July 1998
July 1998 1999
November 16, 1999 January 2001
March 16, 2001** - March 17, 2002
March 17, 2002 August 23, 2004
August 23, 2004 March 14, 2005
March 14, 2005 August 29, 2006
August 29, 2006 October 1, 2007
October 1, 2007 September 27, 2008
September 27, 2008 September 14, 2010
September 14, 2010 September 9, 2011
September 9, 2011 December 17, 2012
December 17, 2012 February 5, 2015
February 5, 2015 July 16, 2015
July 16, 2015 June 30, 2016
July 1, 2016 present

Organization
Within the PNP operational units there are:[4]

Aviation Security Group (AVEGROUP)

This group provides security to all airports throughout the country.

Special Action Force (SAF)

This group is a mobile strike force or a reaction unit to augment regional, provincial, municipal and city police
force for civil disturbance control, internal security operations, hostage-taking rescue operations, search and
rescue in times of natural calamities, disasters and national emergencies and other special police operations
such as ant-hijacking, anti-terrorism, explosives and ordnance disposal. On a special note, the PNP Air Unit is
placed under the supervision of SAF.

Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG)

This group monitors, investigates, prosecutes all crimes involving economic sabotage, and other crimes of such
magnitude and extent as to indicate their commission by highly placed or professional criminal syndicates and
organizations. It also conducts organized- crime control, all major cases involving violations of the revised
penal Code, violators of SPECIAL LAWS assigned to them such as Anti-hijacking, Anti-Carnapping and Cyber
crimes among others and atrocities committed by Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP)/New People's
Army (NPA)/National Democratic Front (NDF).
 Maritime Group (MG)

This group is responsible to perform all police functions over Philippine territorial waters, lakes, and rivers
along coastal areas to include ports and harbors and small islands for the security and the sustainable
development of the maritime environment.

Intelligence Group (IG)

This group serves as the intelligence and counter-intelligence

operating unit of the PNP.

Crime Laboratory (CL) / Scene of the Crime Operatives

(SOCO)

This group provides scientific and technical, investigative aide and

support to the PNP and other investigative agencies. It also provides
crime laboratory examination, evaluation and identification of
physical evidence gathered at the crime scene with primary Philippine National Police boat on the
emphasis on medical, biological and physical nature. Iloilo River, Iloilo City

Police Security and Protection Group (PSPG)

This group provides security to government vital installations, government officials, visiting dignitaries and
private individuals authorized to be given protection.

PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group (PNP-ACG)

This Group is responsible for the implementation of pertinent laws on cybercrimes and anti-cybercrime
campaigns of the PNP.

Police-Community Relations Group (PCRG)

This group undertakes and orchestrates Police Community Relations program and activities in partnership with
concerned government agencies, the community, and volunteer organizations in order to prevent crime and
attain a safe and peaceful environment.

Highway Patrol Group (HPG)

This group enforces the traffic laws and regulations, promote safety along the highways, enhances traffic safety
consciousness through inter- agency cooperation concerning Police Traffic Safety Engineering, Traffic Safety
Education and Traffic Law enforcement functions and develops reforms in the crime prevention aspect against
all forms of lawlessness committed along National Highway involving the use of motor vehicles.

Civil Security Group (CSG)

This group regulates business operations and activities of all organized private detectives, watchmen, security
guards/agencies and company guard forces. It also supervises the licensing and registration of firearms and
explosives.

PNP Anti-Kidnapping Group (PNP-AKG)

This Group serves as the primary unit of the PNP in addressing kidnapping menace in the country and in
handling hostage situations.

Internal Affairs Service

The PNP created a national Internal Affairs Service (IAS) on June 1, 1999. It is an organization within the
structure of the PNP and one of its tasks is to help the Chief institute reforms to improve the image of the police
force through assessment, analysis and evaluation of the character and behavior of the PNP personnel. It is
headed by the Inspector General.

Philippine National Police Academy

The Philippine National Police Academy is located at Camp Gen. Mariano N. Castaneda, Silang, Cavite and is
the premier training academy for the Philippine National Police, Bureau of Jail Management & Penology and
Bureau of Fire Protection.

National Operations Center (NOC)

The National Operations Center (NOC) is at Camp Crame. Chief Superintendent Constante Azares Jr., chief of
the PNP-NOC, explained that "the NOC is the hub and nerve of this facility."[5]

Police Regional / Pr ovincial / Component City and Municipal Offices

Regional Police Offices manage and administer Police Stations within the various regions of the Philippines,
each of which include several province and independent cities. Each unit exercises independent control over all
police units within their areas of operation and attached units of the PNP National Headquarters ordered to
assist these Regional Offices. The National Capital Region Police Office is one such regional office.

Regional Offices

Region I

Region II

Region III

Region IV

Region V

Region VI

Region VII (Cebu)

Region VIII

Region IX

Region X (Cagayan de Oro)

Region XI (Davao)
Regions of the Philippines
Region XII (General Santos)

Region XIII (Butuan)

Provincial Offices

PNP Provincial Offices Website

City and Municipal Offices

PNP City and Municipal Offices Website

Officers
Recruitment and training

The PNP conducts regular recruitment programs, depending on the

annual budget. The entry level for non-commissioned officers is the
rank of Police Officer 1 or PO1. The new recruits will undergo Public
Safety Basic Recruit Course for six months, and a Field Training
Program for another six months. Prior for their actual duty, they are
required to undergo the mandatory special training of PNP SCOUT or
PNP Special Counter-insurgency Unit Training course for 45 days to 5
months to enhance them in militaristic/tactics for future assignment in
the field whether in the Striking Force or in the Police Station.
Two members of the PNP rappel
Commissioned officers for the Philippine National Police are from the down a tower during a joint U.S.-
Philippine National Police Academy as well as through "lateral entry" AFP-PNP Subject Matter Expert
for specialized disciplines and requirements such as criminologists in Exchange (SMEE).
line-officers, lawyers, doctors, engineers,chaplain and other technical
positions and also the rose-from-the-rank personnel who have reached the qualifications to be a commissioned
officer.

Fleet
 Country of
Vehicle Type Notes Picture
origin

Toyota Corolla Used by PNP-Highway Patrol

Japan Patrol Car
Altis Group

Toyota Hiace Japan Police Van Used by National Support Units

Toyota Hilux
Japan Patrol Jeep
FX

Toyota Innova Japan Police Car

Republic of Used by Public Safety Battalions

Kia K-2700 Patrol Jeep
Korea and Companies

Mahindra Republic of Used by the Cities and

Patrol Jeep
Enforcer India Municipalities

Mahindra Republic of Used by Regional Offices and

Police car
Scorpio India Support Units

Isuzu D-Max Japan Patrol Jeep

Man CLA Used by Regional Offices and

Germany Police truck
18.300 Support Units
Kawasaki Japan Patrol Used by PNP-Highway Patrol
Ninja 650R Motorcycle Group
 India (origin)
Kawasaki Police
Japan
Rouser motorcycle
(manufacture)

Controversies
Manila blackmail incident

A blackmail case occurred in Binondo, Manila when police officers abducted and blackmailed seven Chinese
citizens suspected of drug trafficking on December 30, 1998.[6] After many months of detainment and torture,
two Hong Kong residents were killed when the ransom money was not paid.[7] One police superintendent who
knew of the operation was also killed.[6]

Euro Generals scandal

The Euro Generals scandal involves Eliseo de la Paz and several Philippine National Police officials who went
to Russia on October 2008 to attend an Interpol conference. De la Paz was detained for carrying a large sum of
undeclared money. A House panel investigating the scandal concluded that the six police officials who attended
the conference had made the trip illegally.[8] In 2010, the Office of the Ombudsman filed graft charges against
twelve former and active ranking PNP officials for their alleged involvement in the incident.[9][10]

Paraaque shootout

On December 5, 2008, ten suspected criminals, one policeman, and five civilians, a total of sixteen people,
including a seven-year-old girl, were killed in a bloody shootout in Paraaque. Several others were wounded,
including a ranking officer of the Highway Patrol Group, two members of the Special Action Force, a village
watchman, and a security guard, said Director Leopoldo Bataoil, head of the Metro Manila regional police. The
head of the Internal Affairs Service of the PNP said, "We failed in our mission to protect the civilians. Because
during the conduct of operation many civilian lives were lost,"[11] On July 29, 2009, it was reported that the
Department of Justice (DOJ) had filed multiple murder charges against 29 policemen, including three generals,
in connection with the shootout following the filing of a complaint-affidavit by Lilian de Vera, who lost her
husband and daughter, age seven, in the incident.[12] On January 11, 2010, the Commission on Human Rights
recommended the filing of criminal and administrative charges against 26 policemen[13] In March, it was
reported that after two witnesses had said De Vera and his daughter were not killed in the shootout, that
policemen already had complete control of the area where the two were killed, the Department of Justice filed
two counts of murder charges against 25 policemen for the killings.[14]

Binayug torture case

Inspector Joselito Binayug, chief of the Asuncion police community precinct in Tondo arrested Darius
Evangelista on March 5, 2009 for alleged robbery. A torture video was leaked to the media and shown on
television showing a police officer whipping and cursing the suspect and pulling on a rope that was tied to the
victim's genitals. The incident allegedly happened inside the Asuncion police precinct in Tondo. Binayug was
arrested for violating the Anti-Torture act of 2009. Separate charges were filed for Evangelista being tortured to
death.[15][16]

Maguindanao massacr e

On November 24, 2009, Senior Superintendent Abusana Maguid, the police chief of Maguindanao province,
was reported to have been relieved of his duties after witnesses reported seeing three of his officers at the scene
of the Maguindanao massacre in which 57 people, including journalists, lawyers, aides, and motorists who were
witnesses were killed.[17] On November 25 Maguid and Chief Inspector Sukarno Dikay were reported to have
been relieved from post and placed under restrictive custody.[18] On November 26, Department of the Interior
and Local Government (DILG) Secretary Ronaldo Puno announced that Maguid, Dikay, and others were
suspected of involvement in the massacre.[19] On December 19, Maguid, Dikay, and others were reported to
have been recommended for summary dismissal by the PNP high command.[20] On April 16, 2010, the
National Police Commission ordered a 90-day suspension against Maguid, Dikay, and 60 other police
personnel for their possible involvement in the killings.[21] On July 10, it was reported that Dikay had applied
to become state witness, saying that he is confident that his testimony will pin down the masterminds of the
killing.[22]

Failed hostage rescue operation

The Philippine National Police conceded that in the 2010 Manila hostage crisis they made blunders in ending a
bus hijacking, as outrage grew over the bloody assault played out on live television that left eight Hong Kong
tourists dead. The Hong Kong Economic Journal was reported to have accused the PNP of having "appalling
professional standards" and "...[a] lack of strategic planning".[23]

"Wheel of Torture" secret detention facility

The Philippine Commission on Human Rights filed charges against ten police officers after it was discovered
that they routinely tortured detainees inside a secret detention facility in Bian, Laguna. The facility was
maintained by the PNP Provincial Intelligence Branch (PIB) to extract confessions or information from
detainees, or to extort money from them in exchange for being charged with lighter offenses or the dropping of
the charges altogether. It was also alleged that some "were tortured for the police officers amusement" when
they're intoxicated. The facility is notorious for utilizing a roulette called the "Wheel of Torture", a play on the
Wheel of Fortune, where various torture methods were printed. The wheel is rotated and wherever the pin
stops, the indicated torture method is perpetrated on the detainee.[24][25]

The torture methods included, a 20-second Manny Pacman punch, named after the famous boxer Manny
Pacquiao, where the detainee is beaten for 20 seconds; "Paniki" which means being hung like a bat; "Tusok ulo
ka" which means being pierced through the head; "Zombies" which means being electrocuted; and other
degrading tasks like "duck walk" and "Ferris wheel".[25][26]

Korean kidnap-slay case

Sometime in January 2017, a Korean was killed inside Camp Crame.

See also
Philippine Constabulary
Philippine National Police Academy
Tanod
Women in the Philippine National Police
 Women in the Philippine military
Crime in the Philippines

References
1. About the Philippine National police(http://www.pnp.gov.ph/main/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4
6:about-the-philippine-national-police&catid=25:or ganization&Itemid=56)
2. Hurley, Vic (2011). Jungle Patrol, the Story of the Philippine Constabulary (1901-1936)(https://books.google.com/book
s?id=fAuBedlSboIC&pg=PA60). Cerberus Books. p. 60."Section 1. An Insular Constabulary is hereby established
under the general supervision of the Civil Governor for the purpose of better maintaining peace, law , and order in the
various provinces of the Philippine Islands, or
ganized, officered and governed as hereinafter set forth, which shall be
known as the Philippines Constabulary."
3. PNP Budget 2016 (http://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/GAA/GAA2016/VOLUME%20II-A/DILG/F .pdf)
4. About the Philippine National Police(http://pnp.gov.ph/portal/index.php/features11/organization)
5. ABS-CBNnews.com, PNP unveils state-of-the-art operations center (http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/storypage.aspx?Stor
yId=124245)
6. Newsinfo.inquirer.net. "Newsinfo.inquirer.net (http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/metro/view/20100827-28906
9/Acting-MPD-chief-facing-raps-over-abduction-of-HK-residents)." Acting MPD chief facing raps over abduction of
HK residents. Retrieved on 2010-08-28.
7. HKdailynews.com.hk. "HKdailynews.com.hk(http://www.hkdailynews.com.hk/news.php?id=118789)."
3. Retrieved on 2010-08-28.
8. Jess Diaz, Moscow trip illegal - PNP(http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?ArticleId=417262&publicationSubCategory
Id=63), The Philippine Star, November 21, 2008.
9. Kristine L. Alave, Alcuin Papa,Ombudsman says euro generals lied(http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nat
ion/view/20100813-286494/Ombudsman-says-euro-generals-lied) , Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 13, 2010.
10. Michael Punongbayan,'Euro generals' charged with graft (http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=602175&publ
icationSubCategoryId=65), The Philippine Star, August 13, 2010.
11. Paraaque shootout a failed operation police internal affairs head (http://www.gmanews.tv/story/138691/Para&ntildea
que-shootout-a-failed-operation--police-internal-affairs-head), GMA News, December 10, 2008.
12. Multiple murder raps filed vs cops in Paranaque shootout(http://www.datelinephilippines.com.ph/index.php?option=co
m_content&view=article&id=881:-multiple-murder -raps-filed-vs-cops-in-paranaque-shootout&catid=37:headlines&Ite
mid=63), datelinephilippines.com, July 29, 2009.
13. CHR wants cops in Paraaque shootout char ged (http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/metro-manila/01/12/10/chr -wants
-cops-para%C3%B1aque-shootout-charged), ABS-CBN News, January 12, 2010.
14. DOJ files murder raps vs 25 cops in Paraaque shootout(http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/metro-manila/03/1 1/10/d
oj-files-murder-rap-vs-25-cops-para%C3%B1aque-shootout), ABS-CBN News, March 11, 2020.
15. Philstar.com (http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=605635&publicationSubCategoryId=63) , Tondo precinct
cops face torture raps
16. Philstar.com (http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=605001&publicationSubCategoryId=63) , Torture victim
identified
17. Philippine Local Police Chief Detained After Massacre(https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=
an9a8WUOdnEs), Bloomberg.com, November 24, 2009.
18. Paolo Romero, State of emergency in Maguindanao(http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=526583&publicatio
nSubCategoryId=63), The Philippine Star, November 25, 2009.
19. Maguindanao massacre suspect turns self in(http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/11/26/09/ampatuan-jr-turns-self),
ABS-CBN News, November 26, 2009.
20. 7 policemen face dismissal over 'neglect' in Maguindanao massacre (http://www.gmanews.tv/story/179765/7-policemen-
face-dismissal-over-neglect-in-maguindanao-massacre), GMA News, December 19, 2009.
21. 5 Ampatuans moved to Manila jail(http://www.sunstar.com.ph/network/5-ampatuans-moved-manila-jail) , Sun-Star,
April 17, 2010.
22. Aie Balagtas, Andal Jr., 16 others plead not guilty(http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=597601&publication
SubCategoryId=65), The Philippine Star, July 29, 2010.
23. Channel NewsAsia - Philippine police admit blunders in deadly hostage ordeal (http://www.channelnewsasia.com/storie
s/afp_asiapacific/view/1076778/1/.html)
24. "Police Torture Chamber Found in Laguna"(http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/568875/police-torture-chamber-found-in-lagun
a). Inquirer.net. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
25. "Philippine police accused of using "wheel of torture""(http://nypost.com/2014/01/28/philippine-police-accused-of-usin
g-wheel-of-torture/). NYPost. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
26. "Filipino cops accused of "Wheel of Torture"" (http://newsbeatsocial.com/watch/0_0xr790pk/?p=22342842#.UunfFvmS
xZh). NewsBeat Social. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
External links
Official website
Globalpulisya.com
Philippinepeacekeepers.ph
PNP Communications and Electronics Service

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