Standard Specification For Earth Work and Back Filling

1. SCOPE
This specification covers the general requirements of earthwork in excavation
in different materials, site grading, filling in areas as shown in drawing, filling
back around foundations and in plinths, conveyance and disposal of surplus
soils or stacking them properly as shown on the drawings and as directed by
the Engineer-incharge and all operations covered within the intent and purpose
of this specification.

2. APPLICABLE CODES

The following Indian Standard Codes, unless otherwise specified herein, shall
be applicable. All Codes and Standards referred to shall be the latest version
on the date of offer made by the Bidder unless otherwise indicated.

1. IS 783-1985 - Code of practice for laying of concrete pipes.

Method of measurement of building and civil
2. IS 1200 - engineering
works.
(Part 1) Part 1- Earthwork
(Part 27) Part 27- Earthwork done by mechanical appliances.
3. IS 3764-1992 - Excavation work-code of safety.
4. IS 2720 - Methods of test for soils:
Part 1 Preparation of dry soil samples for various
(Part 1)-1973 - tests.
(Part 2)-1986 - Part 2 Determination of water content.
(Part 4)- - Part 4 Grain size analysis.
(Part 5) - Part 5 Determination of liquid and plastic limit.
Part 7 Determination of water content-dry density
(Part 7) - relation
using light compaction.
Part 9 Determination of dry density - moisture content
Part (9) - relation
by constant weight of soil method.
(
Part 14 Determination of density index (relative
Part 14) - density) of
cohesionless soils.
Part 28 Determination of dry density of soils in place,
(Part 28) - by the
sand replacement method.
Part 33 Determination of the density in place by the
(Part 33) - ring and
 water replacement method.
Part 34 Determination of density of soil in place by
(Part 34) - rubber
balloon method.
Part 38 Compaction control test (Hilf Method).
(Part 38) -

DRAWINGS-:

4. GENERAL
4.1 The Contractor shall furnish all tools, plants, instruments, qualified supervisory
personnel, labour, materials any temporary works, consumables, any and
everything necessary, whether or not such items are specifically stated herein
for completion of the job in accordance with the specification requirements.

4.2 The Contractor shall carry out the survey of the site before excavation and set
properly all lines and establish levels for various works such as earthwork in
excavation for grading, basement, foundations, plinth filling, roads, drains,
cable trenches, pipelines etc. Such survey shall be carried out by taking
accurate cross sections of the area perpendicular to established reference/
grid lines at 5 mt. intervals or nearer as determined by the Engineer based on
ground profile. These shall be checked by the Engineer and thereafter properly
recorded.

4.3 The excavation shall be done to correct lines and levels. This shall also
include, where required, proper shoring to maintain excavations and also the
furnishing, erecting and maintaining of substantial barricades around
excavated areas and warning lamps at night for ensuring safety.
4.4 The rates quoted shall also include for dumping of excavated materials in
regular heaps, bunds, riprap with regular slopes as directed by the Engineer,
within the lead specified and levelling the same so as to provide natural
drainage. Rock/ soil excavated shall be stacked properly as directed by the
Engineer. As a rule, all softer material shall be laid along the centre of heaps,
the harder and more weather resisting materials forming the casing on the
sides and the top. Rock shall be stacked separately.
 CLEARING
The area to be excavated / filled shall be cleared of fences, trees, plants, logs,
stumps,
bush, vegetation, rubbish, slush, etc. and other objectionable matter. If any
roots or stumps
of trees are met during excavation, they shall also be removed. The material
so removed
shall be burnt or disposed off as directed by the Engineer. Where earthfill is
intended, the
area shall be stripped of all loose/ soft patches, top soil containing
objectionable matter/
materials before fill commences.

6. PRECIOUS OBJECTS, RELICS, OBJECTS OF ANTIQUITY, ETC.

6.1 All gold, silver, oil, minerals, archaeological and other findings of importance,
trees cut or other materials of any description and all precious stones, coins,
treasures, relics, antiquities and other similar things which may be found in or
upon the site shall be the property of the Owner and the Contractor shall duly
preserve the same to the satisfaction of the Owner and from time to time
deliver the same to such person or persons as the Owner may from time to
time authorise or appoint to receive the same.

7. CLASSIFICATION
7.1 All materials to be excavated shall be classified by the Engineer, into one of
the following classes and shall be paid for at the rate tendered for that
particular class of material. No distinction shall be made whether the material
is dry, moist or wet. The decision of the Engineer regarding the classification of
the material shall be final and binding on the Contractor and not be a subject
matter of any appeal or arbitration.

7.2 Any earthwork will be classified under any of the following categories:
(a) Ordinary and Hard Soils
These shall include all kinds of soils containing kankar, sand, silt, murrum
and/or shingle, gravel, clay, loam, peat, ash, shale, etc., which can generally
be excavated by spade, pick axes and shovel, and which is not classified
under "Soft and Decomposed Rock" and "Hard Rock" defined below. This shall
also include embedded rock boulders not longer than 1 metre in any one
direction and not more than 200 mm in any one of the other two directions.
(b) Soft and Decomposed Rock
This shall include rock, boulders, slag, chalk, slate, hard micaschist, laetrile
 and all other materials which in the opinion of Engineer is rock, but does not
need blasting and could be removed with picks, hammer, crow bars, wedges,
and pneumatic breaking equipment. The mere fact that the Contractor resorts
to blasting for reasons of his own, shall not qualify for classification under
'Hard Rock'.

This shall also include excavation in macadam and tarred roads and
pavements. This shall also include rock boulders not longer than 1 metre in
any direction and not more than 500 mm in any one of the other two directions.
Masonry to be dismantled will also be measured under this item.

(c) Hard Rock

This shall include all rock occurring in large continuous masses which cannot
be removed except by blasting for loosening it. Harder varieties of rock with or
without veins and secondary minerals which, in the opinion of the Engineer
require blasting shall be considered as hard rock. Boulders of rock occurring in
such sizes and not classified under
(a) and (b) above shall also be classified as hard rock. Concrete work both
reinforced and unreinforced to be dismantled will be measured under this item,
unless a separate provision is made in the Schedule of Quantities.

8. EXCAVATION
8.1 All excavation work shall be carried out by mechanical equipment unless, in
the opinion of the Engineer, the work involved and time schedule permit
manual work.
8.2 Excavation for permanent work shall be taken out to such widths, lengths,
depths and profiles as are shown on the drawings or such other lines and
grades as may be specified by the Engineer. Rough excavation shall be
carried out to a depth 150 mm above the final level. The balance shall be
excavated with special care. Soft pockets shall be removed even below the
final level and extra excavation filled up as directed by the Engineer

8.3 The Contractor may, for facility of work or similar other reasons excavate, and
also backfill later, if so approved by the Engineer, at his own cost outside the
lines shown on the drawings or directed by the Engineer. Should any
excavation be taken below the specified elevations, the Contractor shall fill it
up, with concrete of strength equivalent to design bearing capacity , upto the
required elevation. No extra shall be claimed by the Contractor on this
account.
8.4 All excavation shall be done to the minimum dimensions as required for safety
and working facility. Prior approval of the Engineer shall be obtained by the
Contractor in each individual case, for the method he proposes to adopt for the
excavation, including dimensions, side slopes, dewatering, disposal, etc. This
approval, however, shall not in any way relieve the Contractor of his
responsibility for any consequent loss or damage. The excavation must be
carried out in the most expeditious and efficient manner. Side slopes shall be
as steep as will stand safely for the actual soil conditions encountered. Every
precaution shall be taken to prevent slips. Should slips occur, the slipped
material shall be removed and the slope dressed to a modified stable slope.
Removal of the slipped earth will not be paid for if the slips are due to the
negligence of the Contractor.

8.5 Excavation shall be carried out with such tools, tackles and equipment as
described hereinbefore.

9. STRIPPING LOOSE ROCK

9.1 All loose boulders, semi detached rocks (along with earthy stuff which might
move therewith) not directly in the excavation but so close to the area to be
excavated as to be liable, in the opinion of the Engineer, to fall or otherwise
endanger the workmen, equipment, or the work, etc., shall be stripped off and
removed away from the area of the excavation. The method used shall be
such as not to shatter, or render unstable or unsafe the portion which was
originally sound and safe.

9.2 Any material not requiring removal as contemplated in the work, but which, in
the opinion of the Engineer, is likely to become loose or unstable later, shall
also be promptly and satisfactorily removed as directed by the Engineer. The
cost of such stripping will be paid for at the unit rates accepted for the class of
materials in question.

FILL, BACK FILLING AND SITE GRADING

9.3 General
All fill material will be subject to the Engineer's approval. If any material is
rejected by the Engineer, the Contractor shall remove the same forthwith from
the site at no extra cost to the Owner. Surplus fill material shall be deposited/
disposed off as directed by the Engineer after the fill work is completed.

No earthfill shall commence until surface water discharges and streams have
been properly intercepted or otherwise dealt with as directed by the Engineer.

9.4 Material
To the extent available, selected surplus soils from excavated materials shall
be used as backfill. Fill material shall be free from clods, salts, sulphates,
organic or other foreign material. All clods of earth shall be broken or removed.
Where excavated material is mostly rock, the boulders shall be broken into
pieces not larger than 150 mm size, mixed with properly graded fine material
consisting of murrum or earth to fill up the voids and the mixture used for filling.
9.5 If any selected fill material is required to be borrowed, the Contractor shall
make arrangements for bringing such material from outside borrow pits. The
material and source shall be subject to prior approval of the Engineer. The
approved borrow pit area shall be cleared of all bushed, roots of trees, plants,
rubbish etc. top soil containing salts/ sulphate and other foreign material shall
be removed. The materials so removed shall be burnt or disposed off as
directed by the Engineer. The Contractor shall make necessary access roads
to borrow areas and maintain the same, if such access road does not exist, at
his cost.
9.6 Filling in pits and trenches around foundations of structures, walls etc.
As soon as the work in foundations has been accepted and measured, the
spaces around the foundations, structures, pits, trenches etc. shall be cleared
of all debris, and filled with earth in layers not exceeding 15 cm., each layer
being watered, rammed and properly consolidated, before the succeeding one
is laid. Each layer shall be consolidated to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
Earth shall be rammed with approved mechanical compaction machines.
Usually no manual compaction shall be allowed unless the Engineer is
satisfied that in some cases manual compaction by tampers cannot be
avoided. The final backfill surface shall be trimmed and levelled to proper
profile as directed by the Engineer or indicated on the drawings. The filling
needs to be tested with Proctor Needle test for compaction.

9.7 Plinth filling

Plinth filling shall be carried out with approved material as described
hereinbefore in layers not exceeding 15 cm, watered and compacted with
mechanical compaction machines. The Engineer may however permit manual
compaction by hand tampers in case he is satisfied that mechanical
compaction is not possible. When filling reaches the finished level, the surface
shall be flooded with water, unless otherwise directed, for at least 24 hours
allowed to dry and then the surface again compacted as specified above to
avoid settlements at a later stage. The finished level of the filling shall be
trimmed to the level/ slope specified.

Where specified in the schedule of works, compaction of the plinth fill shall be
carried out by means of 12 tonne rollers smooth wheeled, sheep-foot or
wobbly wheeled rollers. In case of compaction of granular material such as
sands and gravel, vibratory rollers shall be used. A smaller weight roller may
be used only if permitted by the Engineer. As rolling proceeds water sprinking
shall be done to assist consolidation. Water shall not be sprinkled in case of
sandy fill.

The thickness of each unconsolidated fill layer can in this case be upto a
maximum of 300 mm. The Engineer will determine the thickness of the layers
in which fill has to be consolidated depending on the fill material and
equipment used.

Rolling shall commence from the outer edge and progress towards the centre
and continue until compaction is to the satisfaction of the Engineer, but in no
case less than 10 passes of the roller will be accepted for each layer.

The compacted surface shall be properly shaped, trimmed and consolidated to

an even and uniform gradient. All soft spots shall be excavated and filled and
consolidated.

At some locations/ areas it may not be possible to use rollers because of

space restrictions etc. The Contractor shall then be permitted to use pneumatic
tampers, rammers etc. and he shall ensure proper compaction.
9.8 Sand filling in plinth and other places
At places backfilling shall be carried out with local sand if directed by the
Engineer. The sand used shall be clean, medium grained and free from
impurities. The filled-in-sand shall be kept flooded with water for 24 hours to
ensure maximum consolidation. Any temporary work required to contain sand
under flooded condition shall be to the Contractor's account. The surface of
the consolidated sand shall be dressed to required level or slope. Construction
of floors or other structures on sand fill shall not be started until the Engineer
has inspected and approved the fill.

9.9 Filling in trenches

Filling in trenches for pipes and drains shall be commenced as soon as the
joints of pipes and drains have been tested and passed. The backfilling
material shall be properly consolidated by watering and ramming, taking due
care that no damage is caused to the pipes.

Where the trenches are excavated in soil, the filling from the bottom of the
trench to the level of the centreline of the pipe shall be done by hand
compaction with selected approved earth in layers not exceeding 8 cm;
backfilling above the level of the centreline of the pipe shall be done with
selected earth by hand compaction or other approved means in layers not
exceeding 15 cm.

In case of excavation of trenches in rock, the filling upto a level 30 cm. above
the top of the pipe shall be done with fine materials, such as earth, murrum
etc. The filling up of the level of the centreline of the pipe shall be done by
hand compaction in layers not exceeding 8 cm. whereas the filling above the
centreline of the pipe shall be done by hand compaction or approved means in
layers not exceeding 15 cm. The filling from a level 30 cm. above the top of the
pipe to the top of the trench shall be done by hand or other approved
mechanical methods with broken rock filling of size not exceeding 15 cm mixed
with fine material as available to fill up the voids.

Filling of the trenches shall be carried simultaneously on both sides of the pipe
to avoid unequal pressure on the pipe.

10. GENERAL SITE GRADING

10.1 Site grading shall be carried out as indicated in the drawings and as directed
by the Engineer. Excavation shall be carried out as specified in the
specification. Filling and compaction shall be carried out as specified under
Clause 9.0 and elsewhere unless otherwise indicated below.

10.2 If no compaction is called for, the fill may be deposited to the full height in one
operation and levelled. If the fill has to be compacted, it shall be placed in
layers not exceeding 225 mm and levelled uniformly and compacted as
indicated in Clause 9.0 before the next layer is deposited.

10.3 To ensure that the fill has been compacted as specified, field and laboratory
tests shall be carried out by the Contractor at his cost.

10.4 Field compaction test shall be carried out at different stages of filling and also
 after the fill to the entire height has been completed. This shall hold good for
embankments as well.

10.5 The Contractor shall protect the earthfill from being washed away by rain or
damaged in any other way. Should any slip occur, the Contractor shall remove
the affected material and make good the slip at his cost.
10.6 The fill shall be carried out to such dimensions and levels as indicated on the
drawings after the stipulated compaction. The fill will be considered as
incomplete if the desired compaction has not been obtained.

10.7 If specifically permitted by the Engineer, compaction can be obtained by

allowing loaded trucks conveying fill or other material to ply over the fill area.
Even if such a method is permitted, it will be for the Contractor to demonstrate
that the desired/ specified compaction has been obtained. In order that the fill
may be reasonably uniform throughout, the material should be dumped in
place in approximately uniform layers. Traffic over the fill shall then be so
routed to compact the area uniformly throughout.

10.8 If so specified, the rock as obtained from excavation may be used for filling
and levelling to indicated grades without further breaking. In such an event,
filling shall be done in layers not exceeding 50 cms approximately. After rock
filling to the approximate level, indicated above has been carried out, the void
in the rocks shall be filled with finer materials such as earth, broken stone, etc.
and the area flooded so that the finer materials fill up the voids. Care shall be
taken to ensure that the finer fill material does not get washed out. Over the
layer so filled, a 100 mm thick mixed layer of broken material and earth shall
be laid and consolidation carried out by a 12 tonne roller. No less than twelve
passes of the roller shall be accepted before subsequent similar operations are
taken up.
11. FILL DENSITY
The compaction, only where so called for, in the schedule of quantities/ items
11.1 shall comply
with the specified (Standard Proctor/ Modified Proctor) density at moisture
content differing
not more than 4 percent from the optimum moisture content. The Contractor
shall
demonstrate adequately at his cost, by field and laboratory tests that the
specified density
has been obtained.

12. LEAD
12.1 Lead for deposition/ disposal of excavated material, shall be as specified in the
respective item of work. For the purpose of measurement of lead, the area to
be excavated or filled or area on which excavated material is to be deposited/
disposed off shall be divided into suitable blocks and for each of the blocks,
the distance between centrelines shall be taken as the lead which shall be
measured by the shortest straight line route on the plan and not the actual
route taken by the Contractor. No extra compensation is admissible on the
grounds that the lead including that for borrowed material had to be
transported over marshy or 'katcha' land/ route.
 III. DEWATERING
1.0 SCOPE

This specification covers the general requirements of dewatering excavations in

general.

2.1. All excavations shall be kept free of water. Grading in the vicinity of
excavation shall be properly closed to prevent surface water running into
excavated areas. Contractor shall remove by pumping or other means
approved by Engineer any water inclusive of rain water and subsoil water
accumulated in excavation and keep all excavations dewatered until the
foundation work is completed and backfilled. Sumps made for dewatering
must be kept clear of the excavations / trenches required for further work.
Method of pumping shall be approved by Engineer; but in any case, the
pumping arrangement shall be such that there shall be no movement of
subsoil or blowing in due to differential head of water during pumping.
Pumping arrangements shall be adequate to ensure no delays in
construction.

2.2. When there is a continuous inflow of water and quantum of water to be

handled is considered in the opinion of Engineer, as large, well point system -
Single stage or multi stage, shall be adopted. Contractor shall submit to
Engineer his scheme of well point system including the stages, the spacing,
number and diameter of well points, headers etc., and the numbers, capacity
and location of pumps of approvals.
 ANTI TERMITE PRECONSTRUCTION CHEMICAL
TREATMENT IN BUILDINGS

1. SCOPE
This specification covers the general requirements for Anti-termite
1.1. Constructional
Measures, chemical treatment of soils for the protection of buildings from
attack by
subterranean termites, chemicals to be used with their minimum rates of
application and
procedure to be followed while the building is under construction.

2. APPLICABLE CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS

The following codes, standards and specifications are made a part of this
2.1. specification. All
standards, codes of practices referred to herein shall be the latest version on
the date of
offer made by the Bidder unless otherwise indicated. In case of discrepancy
between this
specification and those referred to herein, this specification shall govern:
Code of Practice for Anti-termite Measures in
1 IS:6313 Part I : Buildings
Constructional Measures
2 IS:6313 Part II : Pre-constructional Chemical Treatment Measures
Specification for Chloropyrifos Emusifiable
3 IS:8944 : Concentrates
4 IS:4015 Part I : Guide for Handling cases of Pesticide Poisoning
First Aid Measures
5 IS:4015 Part II : Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

3. GENERAL

3.1. Contractor shall furnish all tools, plants. instruments, qualified supervisory
personnel, Labour, materials, any temporary works, consumables, any and
everything necessary whether or no such items are specifically stated herein
for completion of the job in accordance with specification requirements.

3.2. All work shall be done in the order of progress required by Owner's
 construction programme.

3.3. Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to prevent any accident in
connection with the performance of the work.

3.4. On final completion of all work, Contractor shall leave the entire premises
within the site of his operation clean and free from all rubbish resulting from his
operation.

3.5. Owner reserves the right to inspect, check and direct any or all operations at
any stage of the work and to require unsatisfactory work to be remedied at
Contractor's expense.

3.6. No work shall be carried out under unsuitable weather conditions viz. when
raining or when the soil is wet due to rain or sub-soil water.

3.7. Chemicals shall be brought to site of work in sealed original containers. The
materials shall be brought in, at a time, in adequate quantity to suffice for the
work. The material shall be kept in cool and locked stores. The empties shall
not be removed from the work site till the relevant item of work has been
completed and permission granted by Owner/ Engineer.

3.8. Chemicals available in concentration forms with concentration indicated on the

sealed containers only shall be used. Chemicals shall be diluted with water in
required quantity before use, using graduated containers to achieve the
desired percentage of concentration:
 Examples:
Chloropyrifos 20 1 litre is diluted to 20 litres to give 1.0% emulsion.

4. PRE-CONSTRUCTIONAL CHEMICAL TREATMENT

4.1. Essential Requirements

4.1.1. Hand operated pressure pump with graduated containers shall be used to
ensure uniform spraying of the chemical. Continuous check shall be kept to
ensure that the specified quantity of chemical is used for the required area
during the operation.

4.1.2. Condition of Formation

The treated soil barrier shall be complete and continuous under the whole of
the structure to be protected. All foundations shall be fully surrounded by and
in close contact with the barrier of treated soil. Each part of the area treated
shall receive the specified dosage of chemical.

4.1.3. Time of Application

Soil treatment shall start when the foundation trenches and pits are ready to
receive mass concrete in foundations. Laying of mass concrete shall start
when the chemical emulsion has been absorbed by the soil and the surface is
quite dry. Treatment shall not be carried out when it is raining or soil is wet with
rain or sub-soil water. The foregoing also applies in the case of treatment to
the filled earth surface within the plinth before laying the subgrade for the floor.

4.1.4. Disturbance

The treated soil barriers shall not be disturbed after they are formed. If by
chance, treated soil barriers are disturbed, immediate steps shall be taken to
restore the continuity and completeness of the barrier system.

4.2. Chemicals, Method and Rate of Application

4.2.1. a) Mound Treatment

Termite mounds within the plinth and contingent apron area shall be
destroyed by means of insecticides in the form of water suspension or
emulsion which shall be poured into the mounds at several places after
breaking open the earthen structure and making holes with crow bars.
For a mound volume of about one (1) cum., four
(4) litres of an emulsion in water of one of the following shall be used :
i) 0.50 percent Chloropyrifos

b) Soil Treatment
Any one of the following chemicals (conforming to Indian
Standards) in water emulsion shall be applied uniformly over the
area to be treated.
 Concentration by weight
Chemical percent
Chloropyrifos 1.0

4.2.2. Treatment of Column-pits, Wall-trenches and Basement excavations

 a) The bottom surface and the sides (up to a height of about 300 mm) of the
excavations made for column pits, wall trenches and basements shall be
treated with the chemical at the rate of 5 litres per sq.m of the surface area.

b) After the column foundations and the retaining walls of the basement come
up, the backfill in immediate contact with the foundation structure shall be
treated at the rate of 15 litre per sq.m of the vertical surface of the sub-
structure for each side. If water is used for ramming the earth- fill, the
chemical treatment shall be carried out after the ramming operation is done
by rodding the earth at 150 mm centres close to the wall surface and
spraying the chemical with the above dose. The earth shall be returned in
layers and the treatment shall be carried out in similar stages. The chemical
emulsion shall be directed towards the concrete or masonry surfaces of the
columns and walls so that the earth in contact with these surfaces is well
treated with the chemical.

c) In the case of R.C.C. framed structures with columns and plinth beams and
R.C.C. basements, with concrete mix 1:2:4 or richer, the treatment shall
start at the depth of 500 mm below ground level for columns and plinth
beams. From this depth the back-fill around the columns, beams and R.C.C
basement walls shall be treated at the rate of 15 litres/sq.m of vertical
surface. The other details of treatment shall be as laid down in clause (b)
above.

4.2.3. Treatment of Top Surface of Plinth Filling

The top surface of the filled earth within plinth beams/walls shall be treated
with chemical emulsion at the rate of 5 litres per sq.m of the surface before the
sand bed/subgrade is laid. Holes upto 50 to 70 mm deep at 150 mm centres
bothways shall be made with 12 mm dia. crow-bar on the surface to facilitate
saturation of the soil with chemical emulsion.

4.2.4. Treatment of Junction of Wall and Floor

To achieve continuity of vertical chemical barrier to inner wall surfaces from

the ground level, small channel 30 x 30 mm shall be made at all the junctions
of wall and columns with the floor (before laying the subgrade) and rod holes
made in the channel upto ground level 150 mm apart and the chemical
emulsion poured along the channel at the rate of 15 litres/sq.m of the vertical
wall or column surface so as to soak the soil right to the bottom. The soil shall
be tamped back into place after this operation.
4.2.5. Treatment of Soil Under Apron Along External Perimeter of Building

The top surface of the consolidated earth over which the apron is to be laid
shall be treated with chemical emulsion at the rate of 5 litres/sq.m of the
surface before the apron is laid, by making rod holes 75 mm deep at 150 mm
centres both ways.
4.2.6. Treatment of Soil Along External Perimeter of Building
 After the building is complete, holes shall be made in the soil with iron rods
along the external perimeter of the building at interval of about 150 mm and
depth 300 mm and these holes filled with chemical emulsion at the rate of 7.5
litres/metre of perimeter of the external wall. If the earth outside the building is
graded on completion of building, this treatment shall be carried out on
completion of such grading. If the filling is more than 300 mm the external
perimeter treatment shall extend to the full depth of filling upto the original
ground level so as to ensure continuity of chemical barrier.

4.2.7. Treatment for Expansion Joints

 Anti-termite treatment shall be supplemented by treating through the
expansion joint after the sub-grade has been laid at the rate of 2 litres per
linear meter of expansion joint.

4.2.8. Treatment of Soil Surrounding Pipes and Conduits

When pipes and conduits enter the soil inside the area of the foundations, the
soil surrounding the points of entry shall be loosened around each such pipe or
conduit for a distance of 150 mm and to a depth of 75 mm before treatment is
commenced. When they enter the soil external to the foundations, they shall
be similarly treated for a distance of over 300 mm unless they stand clear of
the walls of the building by about 75 mm.

5. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

5.1. All chemicals used for anti-termite treatment are poisonous and hazardous to
health. These chemicals can have an adverse effect upon health when
absorbed through the skin, inhaled as vapours or spray mists or swallowed.
Person using or handling these chemicals should be warned of these dangers
and advised that absorption through the skin is most likely source of accident
poisoning. They should be cautioned to observe carefully the safety
precautions given below.

5.2. These chemicals are usually brought to site in the form of emulsifiable
concentrates. The containers should be clearly labelled and should be stored
carefully so that children and pet cannot get at them. They shall be kept
securely closed.

5.3. Particular care shall be taken to prevent skin contact with concentrates.
Prolonged exposure to dilute emulsions shall also be avoided. Workers shall
wear clean clothing and wash thoroughly with soap and water, especially
before eating and smoking. In the event of severe contamination, clothing shall
be removed at once and the skin washed with soap and water. If chemicals
splash into eyes they shall be flushed with plenty of soap and water and
immediate medical attention shall be sought.

5.4. The concentrates are oil solutions and present a fire hazard owing to the use
of petroleum solvents. Flames shall not be allowed during mixing.

5.5. Care shall be taken in the application of chemicals to see that they are not
allowed to contaminate wells or springs which serve as source of drinking
water.
Soil Stabilization

24.1 Mechanical Rock Bolt

Rock Bolts of 25mm dia up to 5m deep in already drilled hole of 38mm dia including cover
plates, nuts & washers etc. as per approved drawings etc. Fixing of rock bolt shall be with
cement grout of ratio 1: 2 as per IS 5878 part -VII with admixtures as per manufacturers
specification.

1. The following reinforcing elements shall be used with the approval of the engineer-in-
charge.the general specifications of reinforcing

Element shall be as follows, but being patent items, the specifications, procedure of
installation as suggested by the manufacturer shall be adopted subject to the approval of
the engineer-in-charge.

24.2 Resin -grouted type:

I) Resin -grouted type rock bolt shall consist of deformed steel reinforcing bar of
yeild strength not less than 500n/sq. Mm which shall conform to is:1786 or as shown
on relevant drawing .

Ii) The deformed steel reinforcing bar shall be chamfered at one end and other end
shall be threaded with coarse thread over a length of 200mm.

Iii) Fast setting resin cartridges shall be placed and tamped to the bottom of the hole. the
remaining hole shall then be filled with slow setting resin cartridges or with mortar as
shown on relevant drawing.

Iv) Fast setting resin cartridges and slow set resin cartridges shall conform to relevant indian
standards, or, where not covered by these standards, equivalent international standards
shall be followed.

B) Swellex type: swellex bolt is made from a folded thin-wall steel tube. Bushings are
pressed onto both ends of the bolt, which are then sealed by welding. The lower bushing
has a small hole through which water is injected into the bolt at high pressure to expand
the bolt. size of bolt shall be decided by the engineer-in-charge based on site conditions.
2. Flat or dished steel bearing plate shall have a minimum dimensions of150mm x 150mm x
10mm. Plates of bigger dimension or triangular plates where ever required may be used
with the approval of the engineer-in-charge.

3. Flat, bevelled and spherical washers shall be use das required nuts shall be heavy
hexagonal type.

4. All surfaces of the bearing plates, nuts, washers, wedges and thread son the projecting
ends of rock bolts shall be protected and lubricated with rust preventive compound,
where these are not to be buried in shotcrete or concrete.

5. Wire mesh shall not be placed between the rock surface and bearing plate of the rock
bolt, but it shall be firmly connected to the rock bolt by means of extra steel plates and
nuts .

6. Where necessary rock bolt shall be provided with suitable devices for load deformation
measurements as per the direction of the engineer-in-charge.

7. Prior to the installation of the rock bolts, a series of pull-out test shall be carried out in
different rock types as per the direction of the engineer-in-charge, for different rock bolts.

8. The pull-out test on rock bolts shall be carried out as follows:

I) Initially an arbitrary load not greater than 5 kn shall be applied to take up slack in the
equipment.

Ii) Anchor shall be tested by increasing the load until a total displacement greater than
40mm is recorded or until the rock bolt yields or fractures, whichever occurs first.

Iii) Reading of load and displacement shall be recorded in increment of approximately 5kn
load or 5mm displacement, whichever occurs first.

Iv) The rate of load application shall be in the range of 5 to 10 kn/min. In general, pull-out
tests shall conform to IS: 11309.

9. After installation, pull-out tests shall be carried out up to design load at random on at
least 2% rock bolts installed in the field as per the directions of the engineer-in-charge
.if any one of the rock bolt fails, all the adjacent rock bolts shall be tested as per the
direction of the engineer-in-charge.

10. The diameter of each hole shown in the drawing is typical and shall be in accordance
with the manufacturers recommendations for the type of the bolt with the approval of
the engineer-in-charge except for grouted anchor bar for which the whole diameter
shall be at least 1.5 times that of the bolt.

11. Before the rock bolt operation is started the drill holes shall be cleaned as indicated
below:
 I) For a washable rock, the drill hole shall be washed with clean water under pressure
and cleaned by blowing out all drill cuttings and debris with compressed air.

Ii) In a swelling, squeezing, geologically un-sound rock or that interspersed with clay filled
fissures ,it shall be cleaned with compressed air only.

12. In down bolting situations, drill hole shall be extended 150mm to 200mmbeyond the
length of the rock bolt in up-bolting situations, drill hole

Length shall be extended 100mm to 150mm beyond the length of the rock-bolt.

13. Rock bolts shall be installed as quickly as practicable after excavation.

14. The length of rock bolt indicated in the drawings shall be the length of rock bolt
embedded in the rock.

15. Rock bolt direction is indicative and may be suitably modified by the engineer-in-charge
as per rock conditions at site.

24.3 Grouting

1. The contact grouting is to be done in the entire length of tunnel. The depth of holes for
contact grouting shall be 300 beyond the concrete lining into the rock.

2. Contact grouting shall be done at least 28 days after completion of tunnel lining .

3. Pattern of holes shall be as indicated and spacing of different planes of holes shall be 3
metres.

4. Before grouting all the pipe lines, pressure gauges, water meters etc. Are to be
checked.

5. All connections are to be water tight.

6. Numbering of holes in a block is to be done at site as well as on The site card/note

book.

7. Before grouting, the holes shall be thoroughly washed with Water under pressure. the
washing shall be continued till reasonably clear water emerges from the hole.

8. Holes at the crown at any section are to be washed/grouted last of all in a plane.

9. Once the grouting of a hole has been commenced it shall be continued without
interruption until completion. In general grouting shall be considered complete, when
the intake of grout at the desired limiting pressure is less than 1 ltr./min., averaged over
a period of 10 minutes.
10. Grouting is to be done at a pressure of 2.5 kg/sqm.

11. During grouting the use of blower valve is to be made frequently.

12. Grouting intake rate is to be noted after every ten minutes. The grouting operation is
never to be left unattended. The pressure gauge should be watched constantly so that
the pressure on the grout is regulated as long as grouting is in progress.

13. In case the grouting of the hole has to be suspended under unavoidable
circumstances, it is to be particularly watched that the grouting intake rate of the hole
when restarted is approximately the same as before. If the difference exceeds more
than 3 ltr./min the hole shall be re-drilled, rewashed and grouted.

14. Where grout consumption in grouting is heavy a second grout injection after a suitable
time interval shall be done to fill up their gaps caused by shrinkage of grout.

15. During grouting if there is increase of water flow from any other grout hole water is to
be allowed to flow out of the hole.

16. After grouting is complete, the grout holes shall be closed by means of stop cork or
other suitable device to maintain the grout pressure for a sufficient period that is about
one hour to prevent escape of grout due to back pressure and flow reversal.

17. Grout holes provided in the tunnel lining during construction shall be suitably plugged
and the surface smoothened.

18. The grout mix shall normally be cement, sand and water in the ratio of 1:1:1 by weight.

19. Efficacy of grouting shall be checked in accordance with clause 6.4 of is:5878(part vii).
 V. CONCRETE AND ALLIED WORKS

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This Specification covers the general requirements for concrete using on-site
production facilities including requirements in regard to the quality, handling,
storage of ingredients, proportioning, batching, mixing, transporting, placing,
curing, protecting, repairing, finishing and testing of concrete; formwork;
requirements in regard to the quality, storage, bending and fixing of
reinforcement; grouting as well as mode of measurement and payment for
completed works.

1.2 It shall be very clearly understood that the specifications given herein are brief
and do not cover minute details. However, all works shall have to be carried
out in accordance with the relevant standards and codes of practices or in their
absence in accordance with the best accepted current engineering practices or
as directed by ENGINEER from time to time. The decision of ENGINEER as
regards the specification to be adopted and their interpretation and the mode
of execution of work shall be final and binding on CONTRACTOR and no claim
whatsoever will be entertained on this account.

2.0 APPLICABLE CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 The following specifications, standards and codes, including all official
amendments/revisions and other specifications & codes referred to therein,
should be considered a part of this specification. All Codes and Standards
referred herein shall be the latest version on the date of offer made by the
Bidder. In case of discrepancy between this specification and those referred to
herein below or other specifications forming a part of this bid document, this
specification shall govern.

2.2 MATERIALS

1) IS:269 - Specification for 33 grade ordinary portland cement.

2) IS:455 - Specification for portland slag cement.
3) IS:1489 - Specification for portland-pozzolana cement
(Parts 1 &
2)
4) IS:8112 - Specification for 43 grade ordinary portland cement.
5) IS:12330 - Specification for sulphate resisting Portland Cement.
Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from
6) IS:383 - natural
sources for concrete.
 Specification for mild steel and medium tensile steel
7) IS:432 - bars and
(Part 1 & 2) hard-drawn steel wires for concrete reinforcement.
Specification for high strength deformed steel bars
8) IS:1786 - and wires
for concrete reinforcement.
Specification for hard-drawn steel wire fabric for
9) IS:1566 - concrete
reinforcement.
10) IS:9103 - Specification for admixtures for concrete.
 Specification for integral cement waterproofing
11) IS:2645 - compounds.
Specification for plywood for concrete shuttering
12) IS:4900 - work.
Specification for 53 grade ordinary portland
13) IS:12269 - cement.

2.3 MATERIAL TESTING

1) IS:4031 - Methods of physical tests for hydraulic cement.

(Parts 1 to
15)
2) IS:4032 - Method of chemical analysis of hydraulic cement.
3) IS:650 - Specification for standard sand for testing of
cement.
4) IS:2430 - Methods for sampling of aggregates for
concrete.
5) IS:2386 - Methods of test for aggregates
(Parts for concrete.
1 to 8)
Methods of sampling and test (physical and
6) IS:3025 - chemical) water
used in industry.
Methods of test for determination of water soluble
7) IS:6925 - chlorides in
concrete admixtures.
2.4 MATERIAL STORAGE
Recommendations on stacking and storing of
1) IS:4082 - construction
materials at site.

2.5 CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

Recommended guidelines for concrete mix

1) IS:10262 - design.
2) SP:23 - Handbook on Concrete Mixes.
(s&T)
2.6 CONCRETE TESTING

1) IS:1199 - Method of sampling and analysis of concrete.

2) IS:516 - Method of test for strength of concrete.
Method of making, curing and determining
3) IS:9013 - compressive
 strength of accelerated cured concrete test
specimens.
Method of test for determining setting time of
4) IS:8142 - concrete by
penetration resistance.
Method of test for abrasion resistance of
5) IS:9284 - concrete.
 6) IS:2770 - Methods of testing bond in reinforced concrete.

2.7 EQUIPMENT

1) IS:1791 - Specification for batch type concrete mixers.

2) IS:2438 - Specification for roller pan mixer.
3) IS:4925 - Specification for concrete batching and mixing plant.
4) IS:5892 - Specification for concrete transit mixer and agitator.
5) IS:7242 - Specification for concrete spreaders.
General Requirements for concrete
6) IS:2505 - vibrators:Immersion type.
General Requirements for screed board concrete
7) IS:2506 - vibrators.
8) IS:2514 - Specification for concrete vibrating tables.
9) IS:3366 - Specification for pan vibrators.
10) IS:4656 - Specification for form vibrators for concrete.
Code of practice for use of screed board concrete
11) IS:11993 - vibrators.
12) IS:7251 - Specification for concrete finishers.
Specification for portable swing weigh batchers for
13) IS:2722 - concrete
(single and double bucket type).
14) IS:2750 - Specifications for steel scaffoldings.
2.8 CODES OF PRACTICE

1) IS:456 - Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete.

Code of practice for general construction of plain
2) IS:457 - and
reinforced concrete for dams and other massive
structures.
3) IS:3370 - Code of practice for concrete structures for
(Parts storage of liquid.
1 to 4)
4) IS:3935 - Code of practice for composite construction.
Code of practice for construction of reinforced
5) IS:2204 - concrete shell
roof.
Criteria for the design of reinforced concrete shell
6) IS:2210 - structures
and folded plates.
 Code of practice for bending and fixing of bars for
7) IS:2502 - concrete
reinforcement.
Recommendation for detailing of reinforcement in
8) IS:5525 - reinforced
concrete works.
Code of practice for welding of mild steel plain and
9) IS:2751 - deformed
bars used for reinforced concrete construction.
Specification for welding cold worked bars for
10) IS:9417 - reinforced
concrete construction.
11) IS:3558 - Code of practice for use of immersion vibrators for
consolidating concrete.
Code of practice for design and installation of joints
12) IS:3414 - in
buildings.
Code of practice for earthquake resistant
13) IS:4326 - construction of
buildings.
14) IS:4014 - Code of practice for steel tubular scaffolding.
(Parts
1 & 2)
Code of practice for laying in-situ cement concrete
15) IS:2571 - flooring.
16) IS:7861 - Code of practice for extreme weather concerning.
Part -1 - Recommended practice for hot weather concreting
Part-2 - Recommended practice for cold weather concreting

2.9 CONSTRUCTION SAFETY

1) IS:3696 - Safety code for scaffolds and ladders.
(Parts 1
& 2)
Safety code for handling and storage of building
2) IS:7969 - materials.
Safety code for erection of concrete framed
3) IS:8989 - structures.

2.10 MEASUREMENT

1) IS:1200 - Method of measurement of building and engineering works.

3.0 GENERAL

3.1 ENGINEER shall have the right at all times to inspect all operations including
the sources of materials, procurement, layout and storage of materials, the
concrete batching and mixing equipment, and the quality control system. Such
an inspection shall be arranged and ENGINEERs approval obtained, prior to
starting of concrete work. This shall, however, not relieve CONTRACTOR of
any of his responsibilities. All materials which do not conform to this
specification shall be rejected.

3.2 Materials should be selected so that they can satisfy the design requirements
of strength, serviceability, safety, durability and finish with due regards to the
functional requirements and the environmental conditions to which the
structure will be subjected. Materials complying with codes/standards shall
generally be used. Other materials may be used after approval of the
ENGINEER and after establishing their performance suitability based on
previous data, experience or tests.

4.0 MATERIALS

4.1 CEMENT

4.1.1 Cement shall be ordinary portland cement conforming to IS:8112 or Sulphate

resistant cement conforming to IS:12269 where specifically indicated.

4.1.2 Where portland pozzolana or slag cements are used, it shall be ensured that
consistency of quality is maintained, there will be no adverse interactions
between the materials and the finish specified is not marred.

4.1.3 Only one type of cement shall be used in any one mix. The source of supply,
type or brand of cement within the same structure or portion thereof shall not
be changed without approval from ENGINEER.

4.1.4 Cement should be used within 90 days from its date of manufacture shall be
tested at a laboratory approved by ENGINEER and until the results of such
tests are found satisfactory, it shall not be used in any work.

4.2 AGGREGATES (GENERAL)

4.2.1 Aggregates shall consist of naturally occurring stones (crushed or uncrushed),

gravel and sand. They shall be chemically inert, strong, hard, clean, durable
against weathering, of limited porosity, free from dust/silt/organic
impurities/deleterious materials and conform to IS:383. Aggregates such as
slag, crushed over burnt bricks, bloated clay ash, sintered fly ash and tiles
shall not used.

4.2.2 Aggregates shall be washed and screened before use where necessary or if
directed by the ENGINEER.

4.2.3 Aggregates containing reactive materials shall be used only after tests
conclusively prove that there will be no adverse affect on strength, durability
 and finish, including long term effects, on the concrete.

4.2.4 The fineness modulus of sand shall neither be less than 2.2 nor more than 3.2.

4.2.5 The maximum size of coarse aggregate shall be as stated on the drawings, but
in no case greater than 1/4 of the minimum thickness of the member.
4.2.6 Plums 160 mm and above of a reasonable size may be used where directed.
Plums shall not constitute more than 20% by volume of the concrete.

4.3 WATER
Water used for both mixing and curing shall conform to IS:456. Potable waters
4.3.1 are
generally satisfactory. Water containing any excess of acid, alkali, sugar or salt
and any other impurities exceeding permissible limit as per relevant IS shall not
be
used.

4.4 REINFORCEMENT
4.4.1 Reinforcement bars shall conform to IS:432 or IS:1786 and welded wire fabric
to IS:1566 as shown or specified on the drawing.

4.4.2 All reinforcement shall be clean, free from pitting, oil, grease, paint, loose mill
scales, rust, dirt, dust, or any other substance that will destroy or reduce bond.

4.4.3 Treatment of rusted reinforcement

4.4.4 If permitted by consultant, welding of reinforcement shall be done in

accordance with IS:2751 or IS:9417 as applicable.

4.5 ADMIXTURES

4.5.1 Accelerating, retarding, water-reducing and air entraining admixtures shall

conform to IS:9103 and integral water proofing admixture to IS:2645.

4.5.2 Admixtures may be used in concrete as per manufacturers instructions only

with the approval of ENGINEER based upon evidence that with the passage of
time neither the compressive strength nor its durability is reduced. An
admixtures suitability and effectiveness shall be verified by trial mixes with the
other materials used in the works. If two or more admixtures are to be used
simultaneously in the same concrete mix, their interaction shall be checked
and trial mixes done to ensure their compatibility. There should also be no
increase in risk of corrosion of the reinforcement or other embedments.

4.5.3 Calcium chloride shall not be used for accelerating set of the cement for any
concrete containing reinforcement or embedded steel parts. When calcium
chloride is permitted such as in mass concrete works, it shall be dissolved in
water and added to the mixing water by an amount not exceeding 1.5 percent
of the weight of the cement in each batch of concrete. The designed concrete
mix shall be corrected accordingly.

5.0 SAMPLES AND TESTS

5.1 All materials used for the works shall be tested before use.

5.2 Manufacturers test certificate shall be furnished for each batch of cement/steel
and when directed by ENGINEER samples shall also be got tested by the
 CONTRACTOR in a laboratory approved by ENGINEER at no extra cost to
OWNER

5.3 Sampling and testing shall be as per IS:2386 under the supervision of
ENGINEER. The cost of all tests, sampling, etc. shall be borne by
CONTRACTOR.

5.4 Water to be used shall be tested to comply with requirements of IS:456.

5.5 CONTRACTOR shall furnish manufacturers test certificates and technical

literature for the admixture proposed to used. If directed, the admixture shall
be got tested at an approved laboratory at no extra cost.
6.0 STORING OF MATERIALS

6.1 All material shall be stored in a manner so as to prevent its deterioration and
contamination which would preclude its use in the works. Requirements of
IS:4082 shall be complied with.

6.2 CONTRACTOR will have to make his own arrangements for the storage of
adequate quantity of cement . If such cement is not stored properly and has
deteriorated, the material shall be rejected. Cement bags shall be stored in dry
weatherproof shed with a raised floor, well away from the outer walls and
insulated from the floor to avoid moisture from ground. Not more than 15 bags
shall be stacked in any tier. Storage arrangement shall be approved by
ENGINEER. Storage under tarpaulins shall not be permitted. Each
consignment of cement shall be stored separately and consumed in its order of
receipt.
6.3 Each size of coarse and fine aggregates shall be stacked separately and shall
be protected from leaves and contamination with foreign material. The stacks
shall be on hard, clean, free draining bases, draining away from the concrete
mixing area.

6.4 CONTRACTOR shall make his own arrangements for storing water at site in
tanks to prevent contamination.

6.5 The reinforcement shall be stacked on top of timber/concrete sleepers to avoid

contact with ground/ water. Each type and size shall be stacked separately.

6.6 Rejected material to be removed within 3 days from the site from the date of
rejection as directed by Engineer-In-charge.

7.0 CONCRETE

7.1 GENERAL

7.1.1 Concrete grade shall be as designated on drawings. In concrete grade M15,

M20, etc. the number represents the specified characteristic compressive
strength of 150 mm cube at 28 days, expressed in N/sq.mm as per IS:456.
Concrete in the works shall be DESIGN MIX CONCRETE OR NOMINAL
MIX CONCRETE. All concrete works of grade M5, M7.5,M10 and M15 shall
be NOMINAL MIX CONCRETE whereas all other grades, M20 and above,
shall be DESIGN MIX CONCRETE. Al concrete should be machine batch.

7.2 DESIGN MIX CONCRETE

7.2.1 Mix Design & Testing

7.2.1.1 For Design Mix Concrete, the mix shall be designed according to
 IS:10262 and SP:23 to provide the grade of concrete having the required
workability and characteristic strength not less than appropriate values given in
IS:456. The design mix shall in addition be such that it is cohesive and does
not segregate and should result in a dense and durable concrete and also
capable of giving the finish as specified. For liquid retaining structures, the mix
shall also result in water tight concrete. The CONTRACTOR shall exercise
great care while designing the concrete mix and executing the works to
achieve the desired result.

7.2.1.2 Unless otherwise specifically mentioned, elsewhere in the

specifications/drawings the minimum cement content (irrespective of grades of
cement ) for Design Mix Concrete shall be as per IS:456 or as given below,
whichever is higher.

Grade of Minimum Cement Content in

Concrete
Kg/cu.m of Concrete

M20 300
M25 300
M30 320
M35 340
M40 360

The minimum cement content stipulated above shall be adopted irrespective of

whether the CONTRACTOR achieves the desired strength with less quantity of
cement. The CONTRACTORs quoted rates for concrete shall provide for the
above eventuality and nothing extra shall become payable to the
CONTRACTOR in this account. Even in the case where the quantity of cement
required is higher than that specified above to achieve desired strength based
on an approved mix design, nothing extra shall become payable to the
CONTRACTOR.

7.2.1.3 It shall be CONTRACTORs sole responsibility to carry out the mix

designs at his own cost. He shall furnish to ENGINEER at least 30 days before
concreting operations, a statement of proportions proposed to be used for the
various concrete mixes and the strength results obtained. The strength
requirements of the concrete mixes ascertained on 150 mm cubes as per
IS:516 shall comply with the requirements of IS:456.
 Grade of Minimum Specified Characteristic
Concrete Compressive compressive strength
Strength
N/Sq.mm N/sq.mm
at 7 days at 28 days
M15 10.0 15.0
M20 13.5 20.0
M25 17.0 25.0
M30 20.0 30.0
M35 23.5 35.0
M40 27.0 40.0

7.2.1.4 A range of slumps which shall generally be used for various types of
construction unless otherwise instructed by the ENGINEER is given below :
Structure/Member Slump in millimetres

Maximum Minimum

Reinforced foundation walls 75 25

and footings
Plain footings and 75 25
substructure walls
G.T.G. foundation 50 25
Slabs, Beams and reinforced 100 25
walls

Pumps & miscellaneous 75 25

Equipment Foundations
Building columns 100 25

Pavements 50 25

Heavy mass construction 50 25

7.2.2 Batching & Mixing of Concrete

7.2.2.1 Proportions of aggregates and cements, as decided by the concrete

mix design, shall be by weight. These proportions shall be maintained during
subsequent concrete batching by means of weigh batchers capable of
controlling the weights within one percent of the desired value.

7.2.2.2 Amount of water added shall be such as to produce dense concrete of

required consistency, specified strength and satisfactory workability and shall
be so adjusted to account for moisture content in the aggregates. Water-
cement ratio specified for use by ENGINEER shall be maintained. Each time
the work stops, the mixer shall be cleaned out, and while recommencing, the
first batch shall have 10% additional cement to allow for sticking in the drum
however no extra payment would be paid for the same.

7.2.2.3 Arrangement should be made by CONTRACTOR to have the cubes

tested in an approved laboratory or in field at his own expense, with prior
consent of ENGINEER. Sampling and testing of strength and workability of
concrete shall be as per IS:1199, IS:516 and IS:456.

7.2.2.4 Batching plant where used shall conform to IS 4925

7.2.3 Ready-Mixed Concrete

7.2.3.1 Ready-mixed concrete to be used, subject to approval. It shall be

produced at an approved plant. The concrete shall conform with BS 5328 and
with this specification.

7.2.3.2 All the Constituents for each mix shall be added at the manufacturers
plant. No extra water or other material shall be added after the concrete has
left the plant.

7.2.3.3 All delivery notes shall be retained by the contractor and made
available for inspection throughout the duration of the contract.

7.2.3.4 Samples of concrete shall be taken in accordance with the

requirements of the specification at the point and time of delivery. The sampled
concrete shall be tested in accordance with the specification.

7.2.3.5 If at any time the Engineer is not satisfied that the ready-mixed
concrete complies with the specification, Engineer may alter the frequency of
the sampling.

7.3 NOMINAL MIX CONCRETE

7.3.1 Mix Design & Testing

7.3.1.1 Mix Design and preliminary tests are not necessary for Nominal Mix
Concrete. However works tests shall be carried out as per IS:456. Proportions
for Nominal Mix Concrete and w/c ratio may be adopted as per Table 9 of
IS:456. However, it will be CONTRACTORs sole responsibility to adopt
 appropriate nominal mix proportions to yield the specified strength.

ADMIXTURES FOR CONCRETE

1.0 SCOPE

This Specification covers the general requirements of chemical admixtures for concrete
used in general construction, their applicability, acceptability criteria, proportioning,
sampling, testing and precautions to be taken.The different types of admixtures covered
by this specification are Accelerator, Retarder, Air entraining agents, Plasticizers and
Super plasticizers. However, the requirements of Integral water proofing admixtures /
compounds shall be in accordance with IS: 2645.

2.0 APPLICABLE CODES & STANDARDS

The following specifications, standards and codes, including all official

amendments/revisions and other specifications and codes referred to therein, shall be
considered a part of this specification. All codes and standards referred shall be the latest
version on the date of offer made by the Bidder. In case of any discrepancy between this
specification and those referred to herein, this specification shall govern.

1) IS:9103 - Specification for Admixtures for concrete

2) IS:2645 - Specification for Integral Cement Water Proofing Compounds

3) IS:3812 - Specification for fly ash for use as Admixture for concrete
(Part-II)

4) IS:4926 - Ready mixed concrete

5) IS:1199 - Method of sampling and analysis of concrete

6) IS:516 - Method of test for strength of concrete

7) IS:6925 - Methods of test for determination of water soluble chlorides in

Concrete admixtures.

8) BS:5075 - Specification for accelerating admixtures, retarding admixtures and

Part1 water reducing admixtures

9) BS:5075 - Specification for Super plasticising admixtures

Part3

10) ASTM 494 - Standard specification for chemical admixtures for concrete

3.0 TERMINOLOGY

3.1 ADMIXTURE
A material other than water, aggregates and hydraulic cement, used as an ingredient of
concrete or mortar and added to the batch immediately before or during its mixing to
modify one or more of the properties of concrete in the plastic or under hardening state.

3.2 ACCELERATOR
A substance, when added to concrete, mortar or grout, increases the rate of hydration of a
hydraulic cement, shortens the time of set, or increases the rate of hardening or strength
development.
3.3 RETARDER
An admixture which delays the setting of cement-paste and hence of mixtures, such as
cement mortar or concrete.

3.4 AIR ENTRAINING AGENTS

An admixture for concrete or mortar which causes air to be incorporated in the form of
minute bubbles in the concrete or mortar during mixing, usually to increase workability
and resistance to freezing and thawing and disruptive action of de-icing salts.

3.5 WATER REDUCING ADMIXTURES OR PLASTICISER

A material which either increases workability of freshly mixed mortar or concrete without
increasing water content or maintains workability with a reduced amount of water. The
reduction in water content for plasticisers is of the order of not more than 10 to 15%.

3.6 HIGH RANGE OF WATER REDUCERS (SUPER PLASTICISERS)

Super plasticisers are the high range water reducing admixtures. The reduction in water
content in the case of super plasticisers will be of the order of 25- 30%. Chloride based
Super plasticisers are not recommended for reinforced concrete, which may give rise to
corrosion of steel.

4.0 GENERAL

4.1 Chemical admixtures may be used if permitted by the Engineer based upon evidence that
with the passage of time neither the compressive strength nor its durability is reduced. In
case their use is permitted, the type, amount and method of use of an admixture proposed
by the Contractor shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval. No admixture shall be
considered for use unless all tests complying with relevant codes (IS:9103 or IS:2645)
have been done and a complete report from an independent laboratory of standard is
submitted for scrutiny and approval of the Engineer.

4.2 The admixture shall be chloride free and shall be tested in accordance with IS:6925.

4.3 Calcium chloride shall not be used for accelerating set of the cement for any concrete
containing reinforcement or embedded parts. When Calcium chloride is permitted such as
in mass concrete works, it shall be dissolved in water and added to the mixing water by an
amount not exceeding 1.5 percent of the weight of the cement in each batch of concrete.
The designed concrete mix shall be corrected accordingly.

4.4 The contractor shall provide the following information concerning each admixture to the
Engineer.

a) Compliance to Indian/International standards with test reports

b) Description of the product and its composition / chemical names of main ingredients
and properties
c) Primary uses of the product, applicability, advantages etc.,

d) Information to be considered in relevant mix design

e) Manufacturers instructions regarding usage of admixtures

f) Typical dosage/consumption and effects of over dosage, chances of air entrainment

when used as per the recommended dosage
g) The chloride ion content and water soluble sulphate content (expressed as SO3)
expressed as percentage by weight of admixture.

h) Manufacturers written confirmation of compatability of two or more admixtures if

proposed to be used in any one mix

i) Any deleterious effects on concrete or any increase in risk of corrosion of the

reinforcement or other embedments

j) Product storage procedure

k) Precautions to be taken while using the product

5.0 PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS

Concrete made with admixtures when compared with identical concrete made without the
admixture (Reference or Control Concrete) in accordance with clause 6.0 shall conform to
the requirements given in Table-1, except in the case of Air-entraining admixture. In the
case of Air-entraining admixtures, a reference admixture of approved quality shall be used
in the control concrete to entrain identical amount of air.
* The compressive and flexural strength of concrete containing the admixture under test at
any test age shall be not less than 90 percent of that attained at any previous test age.
The objective of this limit is to require that the compressive or flexural strength of concrete
containing the admixture under test shall not decrease with age.

** Percent of control limit applies when length change of control is 0.030 percent or greater;
increase over control limit applies when length change of control is less than 0.030 percent.

6.0 SAMPLING & TESTING

The performance and effect of admixtures for concrete shall be evaluated to conform to
the phys ical requirements given in Table-1 by testing the concrete with admixture and
comparing with reference concrete. The sampling and testing shall be in accordance with
stipulations given in IS:9103.

6.1 SAMPLING

6.1.1 The method of sampling of admixtures and concrete for testing purpose shall be in
accordance with the stipulations given in IS:9103.

6.1.2 Samples of admixtures shall be packed in moisture proof air containers.

6.1.3 The admixture shall be used strictly as per the recommendations of the manufacturer.

6.1.4 For general evaluation of admixture the cement shall conform to Portland cement to
IS:8112 and aggregates shall conform to the requirements given in IS:383.

6.1.5 When an admixture is required to be evaluated for a specific work as directed by the
Engineer the test samples shall be prepared using the materials proposed to be used on
that particular work.
6.1.6 Whenever the admixture has not been used previously with particular combination of
materials and / or when special types of cements are adopted, and also when the mixing
 and placing temperatures are outside the normal range, then in all such cases the
admixtures shall be specifically evaluated for that work.

6.1.7 When an admixture is to be tested for air entrainment it shall be used in such a quantity
that it produces air content in the range of 3.5 to 7 %.

6.1.8 The concrete mix shall be proportioned to have the cement content specified for the work
and to meet the stipulated workability and strength requirements.

6.2 TESTING
The fresh concrete and hardened concrete shall be tested for the tests described below.

6.1 TESTING OF FRESH CONCRETE

Sampling of fresh concrete shall be done according to the requirements given in IS:1199.
The concrete shall be analysed for the following tests.

a. Test for workability as per IS:1199

b. Test for air-content as per IS:1199
c. Test for Time of Setting as per IS:8142
d. Test for bleeding as per IS:9103
e. Test for water content as per IS:9103

The above tests shall be carried out at the time of actual concreting work at site.

6.2 TESTING OF HARDENED CONCRETE

Specimens for tests on hardened concrete shall be prepared from at least three separate
batches for concrete with and without the admixture. The specimen shall be analysed for
the following tests below.

a. Test for Compressive Strength as per IS:516

b. Test for Flexural Strength as per IS:516
c. Tests for Length Change (Drying Shrinkage):It shall be determined as given in
IS:1199. The moist-curing period, including the period in moulds shall be 14 days.

7.0 USE OF ADMIXTURES

7.1 Admixtures shall be used strictly in accordance with the instructions provided by the
Manufacturer of the admixture.

7.2 Intermixing of admixtures prior to introduction into the concrete should be avoided unless
tests indicate that there will be no adverse effect or the manufacturer's instructions permit.

7.3 The time of addition of admixture into the concrete shall be clearly obtained from the
manufacturer.

7.4 The maximum water content in the concrete mix containing superplasticiser shall be 88%
to 84% of water content in control mix .

7.5 The admixtures shall be added precisely and mixed thoroughly. In general, the admixture
should be added to the mix along with approximately 25 percent of total mixing water. First,
about 50 percent of the total water is added on the dry mix of cement and aggregates for
about 15 to 30 seconds, then the mixture of admixture and 25 percent of the total water is
added and finally the balance 25 percent of the total water is poured into the mix. However,
careful attention should be given to the instructions provided by the manufacturer.
An admixture shall be compatible with other admixtures when used in the same concrete. All admixtures
should be added to the concrete separately and must not be mixed together prior to addition. Also trials to
assess the effects of overdosing in a particular mix are strongly recommended. Preference to Melamine-
based Super plasticizer for concrete in cold weather condition and to Napthalene-based (retarding type )
super plasticiser in hot weather conditions shall be given.

8.0 FORMWORK ( to be checked with reference with F3 )

8.1 Formwork shall be all inclusive and shall consist of but not limited to shores,
bracings, sides of footings, walls, beams and columns, bottom of slabs, etc.
including ties, anchors, hangers, inserts, falsework, wedges, etc.

8.2 The design and engineering of the formwork as well as its construction shall be
the responsibility of CONTRACTOR. However, if so desired by ENGINEER the
drawings and calculations for the design of the formwork shall be submitted to
ENGINEER approval.

8.3 Formwork shall be designed to fulfill the following requirements :

a) Sufficiently rigid and tight to prevent loss of grout or mortar from the
concrete at all stages and appropriate to the methods of placing and
compacting. It shall be made of suitable materials.

b) Capable of providing concrete of the correct shape and surface finish

within the specified tolerance limits.

c) Capable of withstanding without deflection the worst combination of

selfweight, reinforcement and concrete weight, all loads and dynamic
effects arising from construction and compacting activities, wind and
weather forces.

d) Capable of easily striking without shock or damage to the concrete.

e) Soffit forms capable of imparting a camber if required. Soffit forms and

supports capable of being left in position if required

f) Capable of being cleaned and/or coated if necessary immediately prior

to casting the concrete; design temporary openings where necessary for
these purposes and to facilitate the preparation of construction joints..
8.4 The formwork should be of steel, or coated plywood depending upon the type
of finish specified. Whenever the use of steel formwork is not possible, prior
permission of the ENGINEER shall be taken for the use of coated plywood.
For pedestals, columns, beams, lintels, pergolas, walls, facia, drop fins,
precast panels ply wood lining formwork shall be adopted. For foundations,
staircases, lofts, cover slabs, coping ,chajja and platforms the form work with
MS sheet and/ or wooden planks can be used.

Sliding forms and slip form may be used with the approval of ENGINEER.
 Joints between formwork and structures shall be sufficiently tight to prevent
loss of slurry from concrete, using seals if necessary.

8.5 The faces of formwork coming in contact with concrete shall be cleaned and
two coats of approved mould oil applied before fixing reinforcement. All
rubbish, particularly chippings, shavings, sawdust, wire pieces, dust etc. shall
be removed from the interior of the forms before the concrete is placed. Where
directed, cleaning of forms shall be done by blasting with a jet of compressed
air at no extra cost.

8.6 Forms intended for reuse shall be treated with care. Forms that have
deteriorated shall not be used. Before reuse, all forms shall be thoroughly
scraped, cleaned, nails removed, holes suitably plugged, joints repaired and
warped lumber replaced to the satisfaction of ENGINEER. CONTRACTOR
shall equip himself with enough shuttering to allow for wastage so as to
complete the job in time.
8.7 Wire ties passing through beams, columns and walls shall not be allowed. In
their place bolts passing through sleeves shall be used. Formwork spacers left
in situ shall not impair the desired appearance or durability of the structure by
causing spalling, rust staining or allowing the passage of moisture.

8.8 For liquid retaining structures sleeves shall not be provided for through bolts
nor shall through bolts be removed if provided. The bolts, in the latter case,
shall be cut at 25 mm depth from the surface and the hole made good by
cement mortar of the same proportion as the concrete just after striking the
formwork.

8.9 Where specified or shown on drawings all corners and angles exposed in the
finished structure shall have chamfers or fillets of 20 mm x 20 mm size.

8.10 Forms for substructure may be omitted when, in the opinion of ENGINEER, the
open excavation is firm enough (in hard non-porous soils) to act as a form.
Such excavations shall be slightly larger, as directed by ENGINEER, than that
required as per drawing to compensate for irregularities in excavation.

8.11 CONTRACTOR shall provide adequate props of adustable steel pipes carried
down to a firm bearing without overloading any of the structures.

8.12 The shuttering for beams and slabs shall be so erected that the side shuttering
of beams can be removed without disturbing the bottom shuttering. If the
shuttering for a column is erected for the full height of the column, one side
shall be built up in sections as placing of concrete proceeds or windows left for
placing concrete from the side to limit the drop of concrete to 1.0 m or as
directed by ENGINEER. CONTRACTOR shall temporarily and securely fix
items to be cast (embedments/inserts) in a manner that will not hinder the
striking of forms or permit loss of grout.

8.13 Formwork showing excessive distortion, during any stage of construction, shall
be removed. Placed concrete affected by faulty formwork, shall be entirely
removed and formwork corrected prior to placement of new concrete at
CONTRACTORs cost.

8.14 The striking time for formwork shall be determined based on the following
requirements :

a) Development of adequate concrete strength;

b) Permissible deflection at time of striking form work;

c) Curing procedure employed - its efficiency and effectiveness;

d) Subsequent surface treatment to be done;

e) Prevention of thermal cracking at re-entrant angles;

f) Ambient temperatures; and

 g) Aggressiveness of the environment (unless immediate adequate steps
are taken to prevent damage to the concrete).

8.15 Under normal circumstances (generally where temperatures are above 20

Deg. C) forms may be struck after expiry of the time period given in IS:456
unless directed otherwise by ENGINEER. For Portland Pozzolona/slag cement
the stripping time shall be suitably
 modified as directed by the ENGINEER. It is the CONTRACTORs
responsibility to ensure that forms are not struck until the concrete has
developed sufficient strength to support itself, does not undergo excessive
deformation and resist surface damage and any stresses arising during the
construction period.

9.0 REINFORCEMENT WORKMANSHIP

9.1 Reinforcing bars supplied bent or in coils shall be straightened cold without
damage at no extra cost. No bending shall be done when ambient temperature
is below 5 Deg.C. Local warming may be permitted if steel is kept below 100
Deg.C.

9.2 All bars shall be accurately bent gradually and according to the sizes and
shapes shown on the drawings/ schedules or as directed by ENGINEER.

9.3 Re-bending or straightening incorrectly bent bars shall not be done without
approval of ENGINEER and at his own cost.

9.4 Reinforcement shall be accurately fixed and maintained firmly in the correct
position by the use of blocks, spacers, chairs, binding wire, etc. to prevent
displacement during placing and compaction of concrete. The tied inplace
reinforcement shall be approved by ENGINEER prior to concrete
placement.Spacers shall be of such materials and designs as will be durable,
not lead to corrosion of the reinforcement and not cause spalling of the
concrete cover. PVC cover blocks shall be used in this project & its strength.

9.5 Binding wire shall be 16 gauge soft annealed wire. Ends of the binding wire
shall be bent away from the concrete surface and in no case encroach into the
concrete cover.

9.6 Substitution of reinforcement, laps/splices not shown on drawing shall be

subject to ENGINEERs approval.

10.0 TOLERANCES ( to be checked as per F3)

Tolerance is a specified permissible variation from lines, grade or dimensions
given in drawings. No tolerances specified for horizontal or vertical building
lines or footings shall be construed to permit encroachment beyond the legal
boundaries. Unless otherwise specified, the following tolerances will be
permitted:

10.1 Tolerances for R.C.Buildings

(a) Variation from the plumb
i. In the lines and surfaces of columns, piers, walls : 5 mm per 2.5
m. or 25 mm, whichever is less
ii. For exposed corner columns and other conspicuous lines
:5
In any bay or 5 m maximum mm
:10
In 10 m or more mm
(b) Variation from the level or from the grades indicated on the drawings.
i. In slab soffits, ceilings, beam soffit,
In 2.5 m : 5 mm
In any bay or 5 m maximum : 8 mm
: 15
In 10 m or more mm
 ii. For exposed lintels, sills, parapets, horizontal grooves and other
conspicuous lines
In any bay or 5 m maximum : 5 mm
: 10
In 10 m or more mm
(c) Variation of the linear building lines from established position in plan and
related
position of columns, wall and partitions
: 10
In any bay or 5 m maximum mm
: 20
In 10 m or more mm

(d) Variation in the sizes and locations of sleeves, openings in walls and
floors - 5 mm except in the case of & for anchor bolts.
(e) Variation in cross-sectional dimensions of columns and beams and in
the thickness of slabs and walls
:5
Minus mmk
: 50
Plus mm
(f) Footings
i. Variation in dimension in plan
Minus : 5 mm
: 50
Plus mm

ii. Misplacement or eccentricity

2% of footing width in the direction of misplacement but not more
than 50 mm

iii. Reduction in thickness

Minus : 5% of specified thickness subject to a maximum of 50 mm

(g) Variation in Steps

i. In a flight of stairs
:
Rise 3mm
:
Tread 5mm
ii. In consecutive steps
: 1.5
Rise mm
Tread : 3 mm
10.2 Tolerances in other Concrete Structures
(a) All structures
i. Variation of the constructed linear outline from established position in plan.
 : 10
In 5 m mm
: 15
In 10 m or more mm
ii. Variations of dimensions to individual structure features from
established positions
: 25
In 20 m or more mm
: 50
In buried construction mm
iii. Variation from plumb, from specified batter or from curved
surfaces of all structures

In 2.5 m : 10 mm
In 5 m : 15 mm
In 10 m or more : 25 mm
 In buried-construction : Twice the above amounts.
Variation from level grade or indicated on drawings in slab,
Iv beams, soffits,
horizontal grooves and visible
arises
In 2.5 m : 5 mm
In 7.5 m or more : 10 mm
In buried-construction : Twice the above amounts.
v. Variation in cross-sectional dimensions of columns, beams,
buttresses, piers and similar members
Minus : 5 mm
: 10
Plus mm
vi. Variation in the thickness of slabs, walls, arch sections and similar
members
Minus : 5 mm
: 10
Plus mm

(b) Footing for columns, piers, walls, buttresses and similar members
i. Variation of dimensions in plan
: 10
Minus mm
: 50
Plus mm

ii. Misplacement or eccentricity

2% of footing width in the direction of misplacement but not more
than 50 mm

iii. Reduction in thickness

5% of specified thickness subject to a maximum of 50 mm

10.3 Tolerances in other types of structures shall generally conform to those given
in Clause 2.4 of Recommended Practice for Concrete Form work (ACI 347).

10.4 Tolerances in fixing anchor bolts shall be as follows:

(i) Anchor bolts without sleeves +1.5 mm in plan

(ii) Anchor bolts with sleeves : +5.0 mm in elevation

a. For bolts upto & including 28 mm dia +5 mm in all directions
b. For bolts 32 mm dia and above +3 mm in all direction

(iii) Embedded parts : +5 mm in all directions

11.0 PREPARATION PRIOR TO CONCRETE PLACEMENT

11.1 Before concrete is actually placed in position, the inside of the formwork shall
be cleaned and mould oil applied, inserts and reinforcement shall be correctly
positioned and securely held, necessary openings, pockets, etc. provided.
11.2 All arrangements-formwork, equipment and proposed procedure, shall be
approved by ENGINEER. CONTRACTOR shall maintain separate Pour Card
for each pour as per the format enclosed.
12.0 TRANSPORTING, PLACING AND COMPACTING CONCRETE

12.1 Concrete shall be transported from the mixing plant to the formwork with
minimum time lapse by methods that shall maintain the required workability
and will prevent segregation, loss of any ingredients or ingress of foreign
matter or water.

12.2 In all cases concrete shall be deposited as nearly practicable directly in its final
position. To avoid seggregation, concrete shall not be rehandled or caused to
flow. For locations where direct placement is not possible and in narrow forms,
CONTRACTOR shall provide suitable drops and Elephant Trunks. Concrete
shall not be dropped form a height of more than 1.0 m

12.3 Concrete shall not be placed in flowing water. Under water, concrete shall be
placed in position by tremies or by pipeline from the mixer and shall never be
allowed to fall freely through the water.

12.4 While placing concrete the CONTRACTOR shall proceed as specified below
and also ensure the following :

a) Continuously between construction joints and predetermined abutments.

b) Without disturbance to forms or reinforcement.

c) Without disturbance to pipes, ducts, fixings and the like to be cast in;
ensure that such items are securely fixed. Ensure that concrete cannot
enter open ends of pipes and conduits, etc.

d) Without dropping in a manner that could cause segregation or shock.

e) In deep pours only when the concrete and formwork is designed for this
purpose and by using suitable chutes or pipes.

f) Do not place if the workability is such that full compaction cannot be achieved.

g) Without disturbing the unsupported sides of excavations; prevent

contamination of concrete with earth. Provide sheeting if necessary. In
supported excavations, withdraw the linings progressively as concrete is
placed.

h) If placed directly onto hardcore or any other porous material, dampen

the surface to reduce loss of water from the concrete.
i) Ensure that there is no damage or displacement to sheet membranes.

j) Record the time and location of placing structural concrete.

12.5 Concrete shall normally be compacted in its final position within thirty minutes
of leaving the mixer. Concrete shall be compacted during placing with
approved vibrating equipment without causing segregation until it forms a solid
mass free from voids thoroughly worked around reinforcement and embedded
fixtures and into all corners of the formwork. Immersion vibrators shall be
inserted vertically at points not more than 450 mm apart and withdrawn slowly
till air bubbles cease to come to the surface, leaving no voids. When placing
concrete in layers advancing horizontally, care shall be taken to ensure
adequate vibration, blending and melding of the concrete between successive
layers. Vibrators shall not be allowed to come in contact with reinforcement,
formwork and finished surfaces after start of initial set. Over-vibration shall be
avoided.
12.6 Concrete may be conveyed and placed by mechanically operated equipment
after getting the complete procedure approved by ENGINEER. The slump shall
be held to the minimum necessary for conveying concrete by this method.
When concrete is to be pumped, the concrete mix shall be specially designed
to suit pumping. Care shall be taken to avoid stoppages in work once pumping
has started .

12.7 Except when placing with slip forms, each placement of concrete in multiple lift
work, shall be allowed to set for at least 24 hours after the final set of concrete
before the start of subsequent placement. Placing shall stop when concrete
reaches the top of the opening in walls or bottom surface of slab, in slab and
beam construction, and it shall be resumed before concrete takes initial set but
not until it has had time to settle as determined by ENGINEER. Concrete shall
be protected against damage until final acceptance.

12.8 In case of extreme weather the Contractor has to make necessary

arrangements at his own cost.

12.9 Printed batch sheets to be produced during concrete and the same to be
submitted to the Engineer In Charge.

13.0 MASS CONCRETE WORKS (to be elaborated)

13.1 Sequence of pouring for mass concrete works shall be as approved by

ENGINEER. CONTRACTOR shall exercise great care to prevent shrinkage
cracks and shall monitor the temperature of the placed concrete if directed.

14.0 CURING

14.1 Curing and protection shall start immediately after the compaction of the
concrete to protect it from :

a) Premature drying out, particularly by solar radiation and wind;

b) leaching out by rain and flowing water;

c) rapid cooling during the first few days after placing;

d) high internal thermal gradients;

e) low temperature or frost;

f) vibration and impact which may disrupt the concrete and interfere with
its bond to the reinforcement.

14.2 All concrete, unless directed otherwise by ENGINEER, shall be cured by use
of continuous sprays or ponded water or continuously saturated coverings of
sacking, canvas, hessian or other absorbent material for the period of
complete hydration with a minimum of 7 days. The quality of curing water shall
 be the same as that used for mixing.

14.3 Where a curing membrane is directed to be used by the ENGINEER, the same
shall be of a non-wax base and shall not impair the concrete finish in any
manner. The curing compound to be used shall be got approved from the
ENGINEER before use and shall be applied with spraying equipment capable
of a smooth, even textured coat.

14.4 Curing may also be done by covering the surface with an impermeable
material such as polyethylene, which shall be well sealed and fastened.

14.5 Extra precautions shall be exercised in curing concrete during cold and hot weather.
15.0 CONSTRUCTION JOINTS AND KEYS

15.1 Construction joints will be as shown on the drawing or as approved by

ENGINEER. Concrete shall be placed without interruption until completion of
work between construction joints. If stopping of concreting becomes
unavoidable anywhere, a properly formed construction joint shall be made with
the approval of ENGINEER.

15.2 Dowels for concrete work, not likely to be taken up in the near future, shall be
coated with cement slurry and encased in lean concrete as indicated on the
drawings or as directed by ENGINEER.

15.3 Before resuming concreting on a surface which has hardened all laitance and
loose stone shall be thoroughly removed by wire brushing/hacking and surface
washed with high pressure water jet and treated with thin layer of cement
slurry for vertical joints and a 15 mm thick layer of cement sand mortar for
horizontal layers, the ratio of cement and sand being the same as in the
concrete mix.

15.4 When concreting is to be resumed on a surface which has not fully hardened,
all laitence shall be removed by wire brushing, the surface wetted, free water
removed and a coat of cement slurry applied. On this a layer of concrete not
exceeding 150 mm thickness shall be placed and well rammed against the old
work. Thereafter work shall proceed in the normal way.

16.0 FOUNDATION BEDDING

16.1 All earth surfaces upon which or against which concrete is to be placed, shall
be well compacted and free from standing water, mud or debris. Soft or
spongy area shall be cleaned out and back filled with either soil-cement
mixture, lean concrete or clean sand compacted as directed by ENGINEER.
The surfaces of absorptive soils shall be moistened.

16.2 Concrete shall not be deposited on large sloping rock surfaces. The rock shall
be cut to form rough steps or benches by picking, barring or wedging. The rock
surface shall be kept wet for 2 to 4 hours before concreting.

17.0 FINISHES

17.1 GENERAL

17.1.1 The formwork for concrete works shall be such as to give the finish as
specified. The CONTRACTOR shall make good as directed any unavoidable
defects consistent with the type of concrete and finish specified; defects due to
bad workmanship (e.g. damaged or misaligned forms, defective or poorly
compacted concrete) will not be accepted. CONTRACTOR shall construct the
formwork using the correct materials and to meet the requirements of the
design and to produce finished concrete to required dimensions, plumbs,
planes and finishes.
17.4 Surface Finish Type F3
17.4.1 This type of finish shall be for concrete work which will be exposed to view but
to give an appearane of smooth, dense, well-compacted concrete with no
shutter marks, stain free and with no discolouration, blemishes, arrises,
airholes, etc. Only lined or coated plywood with very tight joints shall be used
to achieve this finish. The panel size shall be uniform and as large as
practicable. Any minor blemishes that might occur shall be made good by
CONTRACTOR.

17.5 INTEGRAL CEMENT FINISH ON CONCRETE FLOOR

17.5.1 In all cases where integral cement finish on a concrete floor has been
specified, the top layer of concrete shall be screeded off to proper level and
tamped with tamper having conical projections so that the aggregate shall be
forced below the surface. The surface shall be finished with a wooden float
and a trowel with pressure. The finish shall be continued till the concrete
reaches its initial set. No cement or cement mortar finish shall be provided on
the surface. Where specified, a floor hardener as approved by the ENGINEER
shall be supplied and used as recommended by the manufacturer.

18.0 REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT OF UNSATISFACTORY CONCRETE

18.1 Immediately after the shuttering is removed, all the defective areas such as
honey-combed surfaces, rough patches, holes left by form bolts, etc. shall be
brought to the notice of ENGINEER who may permit patching of the defective
areas or reject the concrete work. This process needs to be recorded.

18.2 All through holes for shuttering shall be filled for full depth and neatly plugged
flush with surface.

18.3 Rejected concrete shall be removed and replaced by CONTRACTOR at no

additional cost to OWNER.

18.4 For patching of defective areas all loose materials shall be removed and the
surface shall be prepared as directed by the ENGINEER.

18.5 Bonding between hardened and fresh concrete shall be done either by placing
cement mortar or by applying epoxy. The decision of the ENGINEER as to be
the method of repairs to be adopted shall be final and binding on the
CONTRACTOR and no extra claim shall be entertained on this account. The
surface shall be saturated with water for 24 hours before patching is done with
1:5 cement sand mortar. The use of epoxy for bonding fresh concrete shall be
carried out as directed by ENGINEER.

19.0 VACUUM DEWATERING OF SLABS

19.1 Where specified floor slabs, either on grade or suspended, shall be finished by
vacuum dewatering including all operations such as poker vibration, surface
vibration, vacuum processing, floating and trowelling as per equipment
manufacturers recommendation. The equipment to be used shall be subject to
ENGINEERS approval.
20.0 HOT WEATHER REQUIREMENT

20.1 Concreting during hot weather shall be carried out as per IS:7861 (Part I).

20.2 Adequate provisions shall be made to lower concrete temperatures which shall
not exceed 40 oC at the time of placement of fresh concrete.
20.3 Where directed by ENGINEER, CONTRACTOR shall spray non-wax based
curing compound on unformed concrete surface at no extra costs.

21.0 COLD WEATHER REQUIRMENTS

21.1 Concreting during cold weather shall be carried out as per IS:7861 (PART 2).

21.2 The ambient temperature duing placement and upto final set shall not fall
below 5 deg.c. Approved anti-freeze/accelerating additive shall be used where
directed.

21.3 For major and large scale concreting works the temperature of concrete at
times of mixing and placing, the thermal conductivity of the formwork and its
insulation and stripping period shall be closely monitored.

22.0 LIQUID RETAINING STRUCTURES

22.1 The CONTRACTOR shall take special care for concrete of liquid retaining
structures, under ground structures and those other specifically called for to
guarantee the finish and water tightness.

22.2 The minimum level of surface finish for liquid retaining structures shall be type
F2. All such structures shall be hydro-tested.

22.3 The CONTRACTOR shall include in his price hydro-testing of structure, all
arrengements for testing such as temporary bulk heads, pressure gauges,
pumps, pipe lines, etc.

22.4 Any temporary arrangements that may have to be made to ensure stability of
the structures shall also be considered to have been taken into account while
quoting the rates.

22.5 Any leakage that may occur during the hydro-test or subsequently during the
defects liability period or the period for which the structure is guaranteed shall
be effectively stopped either by cement/epoxy pressure grouting, guniting or
such other method as may be approved by the ENGINEER. All such
rectification shall be done by the CONTRACTOR to the entire satisfaction of
the OWNER/ENGINEER at no extra cost to the OWNER.

23.0 TESTING CONCRETE STRUCTURES FOR LEAKAGE

23.1 Hydro-static test for water tightness shall be done at full storage level or soffit
of cover slab, as may be directed by ENGINEER, as described below :
a) In case of structures whose external faces are exposed, such as
elevated tanks, the requirements of the test shall be deemed to be
statisfied if the external faces show no sign of leakage or sweating and
remain completely dry during the period of observation of seven days
after allowing a seven day period for absorption after filling with water.
 b) In the case of structures whose external faces are submerged and are
not accessible for inspection, such as underground tanks, the structures
shall be filled with water and after the expiry of seven days after the
filling, the level of the surface of the water shall be recorded. The level of
water shall be recorded again at subsequent intervals of 24 hrs. over
period of seven days. Backfilling shall be withheld till the tanks are
tested. The total drop in surface level over a period for seven days shall
be taken as an indication of the watertightness of the structure. The
ENGINEER shall decide on the actual permissible nature of this drop in
the surface level, taking into account whether the structures are open or
closed and the corresponding effect it has on evaporation losses.
Unless specified otherwise, a structure whose top is covered shall be
deemed to be water tight if the total drop in the surface level over a
period of seven days does not exceed 40 mm.

c) Each compartment/segment of the structure shall be tested individually

and then all together.

23.2 For structures such as pipes, tunnels, etc. the hydrostatic test shall be carried
out by filling with water, after curing as specified, and subjecting to the
specified test pressure for specified period. If during this period the loss of
water does not exceed the equivalent of the specified rate, the structure shall
be considered to have successfully passed the test.

24.0 OPTIONAL TEST

24.1 If the ENGINEER feels that the materials i.e. cement, sand, coarse
aggregates, reinforcement and water are not in accordance with the
specifications or if specified concrete strengths are not obtained, he may order
tests to be carried out on these materials in laboratory, to be approved by the
ENGINEER, as per relevant IS Codes. OWNER shall pay only for the testing
of material supplied by the OWNER, othrwise CONTRACTOR shall have to
pay for the tests. Transporting of all material to the laboratory shall however be
done by the CONTRACTOR at no extra cost to OWNER.
24.2 In the event of any work being suspected of faulty material or workmanship
requiring its removal or if the works cubes do not give the stipulated strengths,
ENGINEER reserves the right to order the CONTRACTOR to take out cores
and conduct tests on them or do ultrasonic testing or load testing of structure,
etc. All these tests shall be carried out by CONTRACTOR at no extra cost to
the OWNER. Alternately ENGINEER also reserves the right to ask the
CONTRACTOR to dismantle and re-do such unaccepetable work at the cost of
CONTRACTOR. Also the other means of strengthening will have to be
implemented as suggested by engineer oncharge without any extra cost to
Client.

24.3 If the structure is certified by Engineer as having failed, the cost of the test and
subsequent dismantling/reconstruction shall be borned by CONTRACTOR.

24.4 The quoted unit rates/prices of concrete shall deemed to provide for all tests
 mentioned above.

25.0 GROUTING

25.1 Grout shall be provided as specified on the drawings. The proportion of

Standard Grout shall be such as to produce a flowable mixture consistent with
minimum water content and shrinkage. Surfaces to be grouted shall be
thoroughly roughened and cleaned. All structural steel elements to be grouted
shall be cleaned of oil, grease, dirt, etc. The use of hot, strong caustic solution
for this purpose will be permitted. Prior to grouting, the hardened concrete
shall be saturated with water and just before grouting water in all pockets shall
be removed. Grouting once started shall be done quickly and continuously.
 Variation in grout mixes and procedures shall be permitted if approved by
ENGINEER. The grout proportions shall be limited as follows :

W/C
Use Grout Thickness Mix proportion Ratio(max)
One part Portland
a) Fluid mix Under 25 mm cement 0.44
to one part sand.
General One part Portland
b) mix 25 mm and over cement 0.53
but less than 50
mm to 2 parts of sand
One part Portland
c) Stiff mix 50 mm and over cement 0.53
to 3 parts of sand

25.2 NON-SHRINK GROUT

25.2 Non-shrink grout where called for in the Schedule of Quantities or specified on
the drawings shall be provieded in strict accordance with the manufacturers
instructions/ specifications on the drawings.

26.0 INSPECTION

26.1 All materials, workmanship and finished construction shall be subject to

continuous inspection and approval of ENGINEER. Materials rejected by
ENGINEER shall be expressly removed from site and shall be replaced by
CONTRACTOR immediately at no extra cost to OWNER.

27.0 CLEAN-UP

27.1 Upon the completion of concrete work, all forms, equipment, construction
tools, protective coverings and any debris, scraps of wood, etc. resulting from
the work shall be removed and the premises left clean.

28.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

28.1 Any concrete work shall satisfy the requirements given below individually and
collectively for it to be acceptable.

a) Properties of consitituent materials;

b) Characteristic compressive strength;

c) Specified mix proportions;

d) Minimum cement content;

e) Maximum free-water/cement ratio;

f) Workability;
 g) Temperature of fresh concrete;

h) Density of fully compacted concrete;

i) Cover to embedded steel;

j) Curing;

k) Tolerances in dimensions;

l) Tolerances in levels;

m) Durability;

n) Surface finishes;

o) Special requirements such as :

i) water tightness
ii) resistance to aggressive chemicals
iii) resistance to freezing and thawing
iv) very high strength
v) improved fire resistance
vi) wear resistance
vii) resistance to early thermal cracking

28.2 The ENGINEERs decision as to the acceptability or otherwise of any concrete

work shall be final and binding on the CONTRACTOR.

28.3 For work not accepted, the ENGINEER may review and decide whether
remedial measures are feasible and so as to render the work acceptable. The
ENGINEER shall in that case direct the CONTRACTOR to undertake and
execute the remedial measures. These shall be expeditiously and effectively
implemented by the CONTRACTOR. Nothing extra shall become payable to
the CONTRACTOR by the OWNER for executing remedial measures.
 SUPPLY AND FABRICATION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for supply, fabrication and delivery at
site of structural steel.

1.2 This specification also covers design of all connections and substituted members,
preparation of all shop fabrication drawings, inspection and shop painting of structures.

2.0. APPLICABLE CODES & SPECIFICATIONS

The following specifications, standards and codes are made a part of this specification. All
standards, specifications and codes of practices referred to herein shall be the latest
version on the date of offer made by the Bidder.

In case of discrepancy between this specification and other documents referred to herein,
this specification shall govern.

a) Materials

i) IS : 808 Dimensions for Hot Rolled Steel sections

ii) IS : 814 Covered Electrodes for Manual Metal Arc Welding of Carbon and
Carbon Manganese Steel

iii) IS : 1161 Steel Tubes for structural purposes

iv) IS : 1239 Mild steel tubes, tubulars and other Wrought steel fittings
Part 1 - Mild steel tubes
Part 2 - Mild steel Tubulars and other wrought steel pipe fittings

v) IS : 1363 Hexagon Head Bolts,Screws and Nuts of product

(Parts 1 to 3) Grade C (Size range M5 to M64)

vi) IS : 1367 Technical Supply Conditions for Threaded Fasteners (All

Parts)

vii) IS : 1852 Rolling and Cutting Tolerances for Hot Rolled Steel Products

viii) IS : 1977 Structural Steel (Ordinary Quality)

xi) IS : 2062 Steel for General Structural Purposes

x) IS : 2074 Ready Mixed Paint, Air drying, Red Oxide Zinc Chrome and Priming

xi) IS : 3502 Steel Chequered Plate

xii) IS : 3757 High Strength Structural Bolts

xiii) IS : 5369 General Requirements for Plain Washers and Lock Washers

xiv) IS : 5372 Taper Washers for Channels

xv) : 5374 Taper Washer for I Beams

xvi) IS : 6610 Heavy Washers for Steel Structures

xvii) IS : 8500 Structural Steel-microalloyed (medium and high strength qualities)

b) Codes Of Practice

i) IS : 800 Code of Practice for General Construction in Steel

ii) IS : 801 Code of practice for use of Cold formed light gauge steel structural
members in general building construction

iii) IS : 803 Code of practice for design, fabrication and erection of vertical mild
steel cylindrical welded storage tanks

iv) IS : 806 Code of practice for use of steel tubes in general building
construction

v) IS : 816 Code of Practice for use of Metal Arc Welding for General
construction in Mild Steel

vi) IS : 822 Code of Procedure for Inspection of Welds

vii) IS : 1182 Recommended Practice for Radiographic examination of Fusion

Welded Butt Joints in Steel Plates

viii) IS : 1200 Method of Measurement in Building Civil Engineering Works

ix) IS : 1477 Code of Practice for Painting of (Parts 1 & 2) Ferrous Metals in
Buildings

x) IS : 2595 Code of Practice for Radiographic Testing

xi) IS : 3658 Code of Practice for Liquid Penetrant Flaw Detection

xii) IS : 4000 High strength bolts in Steel Structures - Code of Practice

xiii) IS : 5334 Code of Practice for Magnetic Particle Flaw Detection of Welds

xiv) IS : 7215 Tolerances for Fabrication of Steel Structures

xv) IS : 9595 Recommendations for Metal Arc Welding of Carbon and Carbon
Manganese Steel
3.0 STEEL MATERIALS

Steel materials shall comply with the specifications laid down under clause 2.0 and/or as
called for on the design drawings.

Structural steel shall conform to Grade A of IS:2062 for rolled steel members and plates
upto 20 mm thickness. For plates above 20 mm or welded construction, steel conforming
to Grade B(killed) of IS:2062 shall be used except for crane girdes where Grade C of
IS:2062 shall be used.

All materials used shall be new, unused and free from defects.

Steel conforming to IS:1977 shall be used only for the following :

Fe310-0(St 32-0) : for general purposes such as door/ window frames, grills,
steel gates, handrails, fence posts, tee bars and other
non-structural use.

Fe410-0(St 42-0) : for structures not subjected to dynamic loading other than
wind loads such as:
Platform roofs, foot over bridges, building, factory sheds etc.

Fe410-0(St 42-0) : grade steel shall not be used

a) if welding is to be employed for fabrication.
b) if site is in severe earthquake zone.
c) if plastic theory of design is used.

4.0 DRAWINGS PREPARED BY THE OWNER

4.1 Design drawings will be furnished to the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR and all drawings so
furnished shall form a part of this specification. These design drawings prepared by the
ENGINEER will show all the, levels,forces on members where shall necessary, size and
orientation of each member, location/size of openings, to enable the
VENDOR/CONTRACTOR to prepare drawings for fabrication and erection. It shall be
clearly understood that these drawings are not intended to show connection details,
thickness of members, cuts, notches, bends and such other details.

4.2 The ENGINEER reserves the right to make changes. Revisions to drawings, even after
release for preparation of shop drawings, are very likely to be made to reflect additional
data/details received and updated requirements. Revisions to drawings and any new
drawings made to include additional work by the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR shall be
considered a part of this specification and contract. The PURCHASER shall not entertain
any extra claims on this account.

4.3 Should the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR during the execution of his work, find discrepancies
in the information furnished by the ENGINEER, he shall refer such discrepancies to the
ENGINEER before proceeding with such work.
5.0 DRAWINGS PREPARED BY THE VENDOR/CONTRACTOR

5.1 CONTRACTOR shall prepare and furnish at his own cost detailed fabrication drawings,
based on OWNER's 'Released for Construction' drawings and their subsequent revisions.
Fabrication drawings shall include splicing and lacing details, erection details, materials
schedule in the proforma approved by the ENGINEER and all other relevant details
necessary for fabrication and erection including those not specifically indicated in the
'Released for Construction' drawing and their revisions. The fabrication drawings shall be
corrected to reflect all revisions/comments made by the OWNER at no extra cost to the
OWNER.

5.2 The detailed fabrication drawings prepared by CONTRACTOR shall indicate the sizes of
the steel sections shown in the OWNER's design drawings released for construction.
Drawings shall also indicate the weight of the sections, obtainable from the standard
hand-books or manufacturer's list of products and identification marks for purposes of
despatch, erection, etc.

5.3 The total weight of each member shall also be indicated on the fabrication drawings which
shall be used for measurement and payment purposes. This weight shall be calculated on
the basis of approved unit weight of each component of the member. Weight of bolts, nuts
and washers shall not be added to the weight of members and shall be separately shown
on the drawings.

5.4 The VENDOR/CONTRACTOR shall not commence detailing unless ENGINEER's design
drawings are officially released for preparation of shop drawings. The
VENDOR/CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for the correctness of all fabrication drawings.
Fabrication drawings shall be revised by the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR to reflect all revisions
in design drawings as and when such revisions are made by the ENGINEER.

5.5 All fabrication drawings shall be submitted to the ENGINEER for approval. Fabrication
drawings shall be submitted sequentially at regular intervals and not in bunched up lots.
Each submission shall contain not more than ten drawings, if they are first submission
drawings and not more than fifteen drawings if they are subsequent revision drawings.
These drawings will be returned after OWNER's review within about one month from the
date of receipt by OWNER.

5.6 Timely delivery of fabrication drawings to OWNER for review is the sole responsibility of
the CONTRACTOR and postal or other delays, as reasons for late/non submission of
fabrication drawings, will not be entertained. The CONTRACTOR shall be wholly
responsible for the accuracy/exactness and adequacy of all details shown on fabrication
drawings checked by him, not withstanding any approval that may have been accorded by
the OWNER.

5.7 The CONSULTANT will not review the fabrication drawing if in his opinion they are NOT
thoroughly checked and approved by the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR's qualified structural
engineer and accompanied by an erection plan showing the location of all pieces detailed.
The VENDOR/CONTRACTOR shall ensure that connections are detailed to obtain ease
in erection of structures and in making field connections. Such unchecked/unsigned
drawings will be summarily rejected and CONTRACTOR will be informed of the same. No
claim from CONTRACTOR for extension of time or extra cost on this account will be
entertained under any circumstances.
5.8 In the event that any dismantling, alteration, re- erection or any modification or other
repairs may become necessary owing to any errors on fabrication drawings, the
CONTRACTOR shall carry out all necessary rectification work as directed by and to the
satisfaction of the ENGINEER at no extra cost to the OWNER. Any wastage of steel that
may occur for this reason will be to CONTRACRORs account.Further, the
CONTRACTOR will not be entitled to any extension of time.

5.9 Fabrication shall be started by the VENDOR/ CONTRACTOR only after ENGINEERs
approval of fabrication drawings. Approval by the ENGINEER of any of the drawings shall
not relieve the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR from the responsibility for correctness of
engineering & design of connections, workmanship, fit of parts, details, material, errors or
omissions of any and all work shown thereon. The ENGINEERs approval shall constitute
approval of the size of members, dimensions and general arrangement but shall not
constitute approval of the connections between members and other details.

5.10 The drawings prepared by the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR and all subsequent revisions
etc. shall be at the cost of the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR for which no separate payment
will be made.

5.11 CONTRACTOR shall submit prints of the fabrication drawings and subsequent revisions
as noted below for review by OWNER.

CONTRACTOR to CONSULTANT : 4 prints

CONTRACTOR to OWNER's : 2 prints

design office

CONSULTANT to : One print marked up with comments

return to CONTRACTOR or approval

After the fabrication drawings are approved, the CONTRACTOR shall submit 2 prints to
OWNER'S DESIGN OFFICE, 6 prints to OWNER'S SITE OFFICE and 2 prints to
CONSULTANT. On completion of fabrication and erection, the CONTRACTOR shall
update his drawings incorporating all site changes and substitution and shall submit good
quality direct reading reproducibles of such 'as-built' drawings, capable of giving legible
prints, 2 sets to OWNER and one set to the CONSULTANT.

5.12 The CONSULTANT shall review the fabrication drawings only in respect of the following :

a) Correctness of overall dimensions, centre to centre distance, elevations,

important/typical connection details (adequacy of number of bolts/weld length only
will be checked), working points for bracing and orientation and sizes (sections) of
members.

b) Sequence of erection in the light of project requirements.

c) Whether the fabrication drawings broadly conform to details shown on design

drawings and comply with technical specifications, general notes, any specific notes
made on design drawings and generally meet the requirements of good engineering
practice.

5.13 Fabrication drawing shall be prepared in ink and details shall be drawn to the
minimum scale as specified herein :
 a) Marking plan/key in plan for : 1:75
floor framing plans & bracing

b) Other marking plans : 1:100

c) Joint details : 1:5, 1:10

d) Elevations : 1:20

Each member shall be detailed separately unless members are identical in all respects
with no deviation whatsoever.

5.14 All lettering/dimensions shall be given in ink to the minimum sizes as specified below ;

a) Main titles of individual view : 4 mm

b) Other sub titles : 3 mm
c) Member size/description : 2.5 mm
d) Dimension, weld & bolt sizes : 2 mm
e) Levels/Elevations : 3 mm
f) Line Work : 0.35 mm
g) Dimension Lines : 0.10 mm

The title block to be used for the drawing shall be got approved from the consultants in the
beginning of the job.

Considering the above requirements the contractor shall prepare a typical fabrication
drawing in the beginning of the project, discuss & finalise the format with the consultant &
adopt the same format for all the drawings.

5.15 Key plan prepared by Contractor shall indicate the fabrication/erection marking of each
members and a table showing the corresponding fabrication drawing number where these
members are detailed. Also each drawing prepared by the Contractor shall indicate
corresponding consultants design drawing number with revisions.

5.16 Contractor shall submit to OWNER/CONSULTANT a monthly schedule indicating the

status of receipt of design drawings and issue/approval of fabrication drawings indicating
the following :

a) Date of receipt of all design drawing with revisions.

b) List of fabrication drawing prepared to cover detailing of respective design
drawings with revision, date of issue, status of approval tonnage covered by each.

The format of the schedule shall be mutually discussed and finalised with
OWNER/CONSULTANT before issue of fabrication drawings.
6.0 FABRICATION

6.1 General

6.1.1 All workmanship and finish shall be of the best quality and shall conform to the best
approved method of fabrication. All materials shall be finished straight and shall be
machined/ground smooth true and square where so specified. All holes and edges shall
be free of burrs. Shearing and chipping shall be neatly and accurately done and all
portions of work exposed to view shall be neatly finished . Unless otherwise directed/
approved, reference may be made to relevant IS codes for providing standard fabrication
tolerance. Material at the shops shall be kept clean and protected from weather.

6.1.2 BIDDER shall indicate along with his bid the workshop equipment he proposes to install at
the project site, the handling and erection equipment he proposes to bring to the site for
execution of the work under this specification.

6.1.3 All the fabrication work shall be done at the project site and only in case of certain
specialised items of work such as gratings, etc. ENGINEER may permit at his discretion
fabrication of steel at a place outside the project site at no extra cost to the OWNER.
CONTRACTOR shall give all facilities to the ENGINEER to inspect such steel at the place
of fabrication

6.2 Connections

6.2.1 Shop/field connections shall be as per approved fabrication drawings.

6.2.2 In case of bolted connections, taper washers or flat washers or spring washers shall be
used with bolts as necessary. In case of high strength friction grip bolts, hardened
washers be used under the nuts or the bolt heads whichever are turned to tighten the
bolts. The length of the bolt shall be such that atleast one thread of the bolt projects
beyond the nut, except in case of high strength friction grip bolts where this projection
shall be atleast three times the pitch of the thread.

6.2.3 In all cases where bearing is critical, the unthreaded portion of bolt shall bear on the
members assembled. A washer of adequate thickness may be provided to exclude the
threads from the bearing thickness, if a longer grip bolt has to be used for this purpose.

6.2.4 All connections and splices shall be designed for full strength of members or loads
indicated on ENGINEER's design drawings. Column splices shall be designed for the full
tensile strength of the minimum cross section at the splice.

6.2.5 All bolts , nuts, washers, electrodes, screws etc. shall be supplied/brought to site 10% in
excess of the requirement in each category and size. Rates shall cover the cost of this
extra quantity.

6.2.6 All members likely to collect rain water shall have drain holes provided.

6.3 Straightening

All materials, shall be straight and, if necessary, before being worked shall be
straightened and/or flattened by pressure and shall be free from twists. Heating or forging
shall not be resorted to without the prior approval of the ENGINEER in writing.

6.4 Cutting, punching, drilling, welding and fabrication tolerances shall be generally as per
relevant IS codes.
6.5 Rolling And Forming

Plates,channels, R.S.J. etc., shall be accurately laid off and rolled or formed to required
profile/ shape as called for on the drawings. Adjacent sections shall be match-marked to
facilitate accurate assembly, welding and erection in the field.

6.6 High Strength Friction Grip Bolting

6.6.1 Inspection after tightening of bolts shall be carried out as stipulated in the appropriate
standards depending upon the method of tightening and the type of bolt used.

6.7 Welding

6.7.1 Welding procedure shall be submitted to ENGINEER for approval. Welding shall be
entrusted to only qualified and experienced welders who shall be periodically tested and
graded as per IS 817, IS:7310 (Part 1) and IS:7318 (Part 1).

6.7.2 While fabricating plated beams and built up members, all shop splices in each component
part shall be made before such component part is welded to other parts of the members.
Wherever weld reinforcement interferes with proper fit-up between components to be
assembled for welding, these welds shall be ground flush prior to assembly.

6.7.3 Approval of the welding procedure by the ENGINEER shall not relieve the
CONTRACTOR of his responsibility for correct and sound welding without undue
distortion in the finished structure.

6.7.4 No welding shall be done when the surface of the members is wet nor during periods of
high wind.

6.7.5 Each layer of a multiple layer weld except root and surfaces runs may be moderately
peened with light blows from a blunt tool. Care shall be exercised to prevent scaling or
flaking of weld and base metal from overpeening.

6.7.6 No welding shall be done on base metal at a temperature below -5 Deg.C. Base metal
shall be preheated to the temperature as per relevant IS codes.

6.7.7 Electrodes other than low-hydrogen electrodes shall not be permitted for thicknesses of
32 mm and above.

6.8 Tolerances

The dimensional and weight tolerances for rolled shapes shall be in accordance with
IS:1852 for indigenous steel and equivalent applicable codes for imported steel. The
tolerances for fabrication of structural steel shall be as per IS:7215.

6.9 End Milling

Where compression joints are specified to be designed for bearing, the bearing surfaces
shall be milled true and square to ensure proper bearing and alignment.

6.10 Welders

Only welders who satisfy the appropriate tests and requirements as per IS:817 and IS:7318
shall be employed on welding work. Should the welder fail in the first test, two further tests
shall be undertaken immediately and the welder, to qualify, must satisfactorily pass both
 these tests. Routine tests of all welders shall be required every six months.
ENGINEER/OWNER reserves the right to have any welder re-tested at any time.

7.0 INSPECTION

7.1.1 The VENDOR/CONTRACTOR shall give due notice to the PURCHASER/ENGINEER in

advance of the works getting ready for inspection. All rejected material shall be promptly
removed from the shop and replaced with new material for the
PURCHASER's/ENGINEER's approval/ inspection. The fact that certain material has
been accepted at the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR's shop shall not invalidate final rejection
at site by the PURCHASER/ENGINEER if it fails to conform to the requirements of these
specifications, to be in proper condition or has fabrication inaccuracies which prevents
proper assembly nor shall it invalidate any claim which the PURCHASER may make
because of defective or unsatisfactory materials and/or workmanship.

7.1.2 CONTRACTOR shall supply all test specimens duly prepared as per standard codes and
as required at no extra cost to OWNER. ENGINEER reserves the right to decide on the
type and number of tests to be conducted from time to time.

7.1.3 No materials shall be painted or despatched to site without inspection and approval by the
PURCHASER/ ENGINEER unless such inspection is waived in writing by the ENGINEER.

7.1.4 The VENDOR/CONTRACTOR shall provide all the testing and inspection services and
facilities for shop work except where otherwise specified.

7.1.5 For fabrication work carried out in the field the same standard of supervision and quality
control shall be maintained as in shop fabricated work. Inspection and testing shall be
conducted in a manner satisfactory to the ENGINEER.

7.2 Inspection and tests on structural steel members shall be as set forth below :

7.2.1 Material Testing

If mill test reports are not available for any steel materials the same shall be got tested by
the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR to the ENGINEER's satisfaction to demonstrate conformity
with the relevant specification.

7.3 Tests on Welds

7.3.1 Magnetic Particle Test

Where welds are examined by magnetic particle testing, such testing shall be carried out
in accordance with relevant IS codes. If heat treatment is performed, the completed weld
shall be examined after the heat treatment. All defects shall be repaired and retested.
Magnetic particle tests shall be carried out using alternating current. Direct current may be
used with the permission of the ENGINEER.

7.3.2 Liquid Penetrant Inspection

In the case of welds examined by Liquid Penetrant Inspection, such tests shall be carried
out in accordance with relevant IS Code. All defects shown shall be repaired and
rechecked.
7.3.3 Radiographic Inspection

All full strength butt welds shall be radiographed in accordance with the recommended
practice for radiographic testing as per relevant IS code.

7.4 Dimensions, Workmanship & Cleanliness

Members shall be inspected at all stages of fabrication and assembly to verify that
dimensions, tolerances, alignment, surface finish and painting are in accordance with the
requirements shown in the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR's approved fabrication drawings and
the ENGINEER's drawings.

7.5 The following mechanical tests are proposed to be conducted as per IS:3600 - Method for
Testing of Fusion Welded Joints and Weld Metals in Steel:

i) Transverse tensile test

ii) Reduced Section tensile test

iii) Free bend test

iv) Transverse and longitudinal bend test

7.6 In addition to the Contractors normal supervision and testing procedure,

radiographic/ultrasonic, liquid penetrant test, dry powder magnetic particle test and wet
magnetic particle test shall be carried out as and when required by the Engineer-in-charge, on
butt of fillet welded joints/and/or on test specimens. These tests of welds except
radiographic/ultrasonic tests shall be carried out at the cost of the contractor wherever
and whenever required by the Engineer- in-Charge. Radiographic/ultrasonic tests shall,
however, be carried out by Engineer at department cost through separate independence
agency. In case of failure of any of the radiographic/ultrasonic tests, the cost of that
portion of the test shall be recovered from the Contractor. Rectification of such
components shall be carried out by the Contractor at his cost.

7.7 Test Failure

7.7.1 In the event of failure of any member to satisfy inspection or test requirement, the
CONTRACTOR shall notify the ENGINEER or his authorised representative. The
VENDOR/CONTRACTOR must obtain permission from the ENGINEER before repair is
undertaken. The quality control procedures to be followed to ensure satisfactory repair
shall be subject to approval by the ENGINEER.

7.7.2 The ENGINEER has the right to specify additional testing as he deems necessary, and
the additional cost of such testing shall be borne by the PURCHASER, only in case of
successful testing.

7.8 The VENDOR/CONTRACTOR shall maintain records of all inspection and testing which
shall be made available to the ENGINEER or his authorised representative.

7.9 The above tests shall be conducted by the CONTRACTOR or shall be got done by an
approved agency in the presence of the ENGINEER. If the test fails, the cost of that test
shall not be payable to the CONTRACTOR.

7.10 The acceptance of welded work shall depend upon correct dimensions and alignment,
absence of distortion in the structure, satisfactory results from the examinations and testing
 of joints, soundness of welds and general good workmanship. ENGINEER's decision will
be final and binding on CONTRACTOR in this regard.

7.11 The correction of defective welds shall be carried out as directed by the ENGINEER
without damaging the parent metal. When a crack in the weld is removed, magnetic
particle inspection or any other equally positive means as prescribed by the ENGINEER
shall be used to ensure that the whole of the crack and material upto 25 mm beyond each
end of the crack has been removed. Cost of all such tests and operations incidental to
correction shall be to the VENDOR/CONTRACTOR's account.

8.0 SHOP MATCHING

The steel columns along with the tie beams/bracings may have to be shop assembled to
ensure satisfactory fabrication, obtaining of adequate bearing areas etc. if so desired by
the ENGINEER. All these shop assemblies shall be carriedout by
VENDOR/CONTRACTOR at no extra cost to the PURCHASER.

9.0 DRILLING HOLES FOR OTHER WORKS

As a part of this Contract, holes in members required for installing equipment or steel
furnished by other manufacturers or other contractors shall be drilled by the
VENDOR/CONTRACTOR at no extra cost to the PURCHASER. The information for such
extra holes will be supplied by the PURCHASER/ENGINEER.

10.0 MARKING OF MEMBERS

10.1 After checking and inspection, all members shall be marked for identification during
erection. This mark shall correspond to distinguishing marks on approved erection
drawings and shall be legibly painted and stamped on it. The erection mark shall be
stamped with a metal dye with figures at least 20 mm high and to such optimum depth as
to be clearly visible.

10.2 All erection marks shall be on the outer surface of all sections and near one end, but clear
of bolt holes. The marking shall be so stamped that they are easily discernible when
sorting out members. The stamped marking shall be encircled boldly by a distinguishable
paint to facilitate easy location.

10.3 Erection marks on like pieces shall be in identical locations. Members having lengths of
7.0m or more shall have the erection mark at both ends.

11.0 ERRORS

Any error in shop fabrication which prevents proper assembling and fitting up of parts in
the field by moderate use of drift pins or moderate amount of reaming will be classified by
the ENGINEER as defective workmanship. In case ENGINEER rejects such material or
defective workmanship, the same shall be replaced by the materials and workmanship
conforming to the ENGINEER's requirements by VENDOR/CONTRACTOR free of cost at
site.
12.0 Safety Precautions

12.1 CONTRACTOR shall take all necessary precautions for the safety of his own personnel
as well as that of other CONTRACTORS working in the area.

12.2 Welders shall be provided with safety goggles and gloves, etc. All thepersonnel working in
the construction site shall be provided with safety helmets. Personnel working at higher
elevations shall be provided with safety belts. Adequate first aid facilities shall be provided
by the CONTRACTOR at his own cost. Any negligence on the part of the CONTRACTOR
in terms of safety measures would be viewed seriously and consequences arising out of
such negligence will be the sole responsibility of the CONTRACTOR.

12.3 CONTRACTOR shall take precautionary measures such as providing sheets/covers

below the welding area to provide protection against falling liquid metal and sparks. Area
where welding is being done shall be suitably barricaded to prevent movement of
personnel underneath and sign boards shall be put in such areas where erection/welding
is being done.

13.0 PAINTING

13.1 All fabricated steel material shall receive protective paint coating as specified in
component specification Standard specification for shop and field painting. The steel
members needs to be coated with two coats of Red oxide at the time of delivery of
materials at site to avoid rusting, also the coat of red oxide/primer to be applied
immidialtedly after the erraction of MS members.

14.0 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

14.1 For the purpose of payment, the weight of the actual completed structures shall be
calculated from the approved drawings for different items of work. The
VENDOR/CONTRACTOR shall submit to the PURCHASER relevant material list
containing weight of each item.

14.2 No allowances will be permitted for bolts, nuts, washers, studs, screws etc, galvanizing,
welding or for rolling margins. One tonne for the purpose of payment shall mean ONE
METRIC TONNE i.e. 1000 Kg.

14.3 The weight of a member made out of standard rolled section such as beams, channels,
angles, etc. shall be based on the standard IS:808 without deductions for holes, notches,
bevel cuts, etc. Where a component consists of a cut joist or channels, the full weight of
the rolled section shall be considered only if more than half the depth of the original
section is used. Otherwise, only half the section unit weight shall be considered for
calculation of the weight of the components. Deductions shall be made in the weight of
gussets/plates for cuts and notches of 900 sq. cm. or larger.

14.4 For gussets/plates used in trusses, bracings, columns, beams, etc, the area shall be that
of the minimum circumscribing rectangle except as stated in 14.3 above.

14.5 The weight of any built-up members shall be based on the weight of each component.

1.0 SCOPE

This specification covers the general requirements for erection of structural steel. It covers
the supply and delivery of all necessary materials, labour, scaffolding, tools, tackles,
equipment and everything that is necessary for the satisfactory completion of the job on
 schedule.

2.0 APPLICABLE CODES & SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 The following specifications, standards and codes are made a part of this specification. All
standards, specifications and codes of practice referred to herein shall be the latest
editions, including all applicable official amendments and revisions at the time of award of
contract.

2.2 In case of discrepancy between this specification and other documents referred to herein,
this specification shall govern. In case of discrepancy between tender drawings and this
specification, the tender drawings shall govern.

2.3 Structural

(a) IS:800 Code of Practice for General Construction in Steel

(b) IS:801 Code of Practice for Use of Cold Formed Light Gauge Steel
Structural Members in General Building Construction

(c) IS:806 Code of Practice for Use of Steel Tubes in General Building
Construction

(d) IS:7205 Safety Code for Erection of Structural Steel Work

(e) IS:7215 Tolerances for Fabrication of Steel Structures

(f) IS:4000 High Strength Bolts in Steel Structure - Code of Practice

(g) AISC Specifications for Design, Fabrication and Erection of Buildings

3.0 ERECTION SCHEME

3.1 Each Bid shall be accompanied by a broad erection scheme with dates and estimated
completion time for various parts of the work prepared by BIDDER after a thorough study
of the Bid drawings and the site conditions. This erection scheme shall describe the
methods proposed to be employed by BIDDER for transporting his equipments, tools,
tackles, gas cylinders, electrodes and all that is necessary to site, unloading, transporting
within the site, handling, assembling, hoisting and erecting of the structural steel
components and the type, capacity and quantity of equipment that BIDDER proposes to
bring to site for all these operations. The scheme shall also indicate the strength and
tradewise composition of the work force and supervisory personnel that will be deployed
by BIDDER for the various operations.
4.0 ERECTION PROGRAMME

4.1 Within two weeks of the acceptance of his Bid, the successful BIDDER shall submit, a detailed
erection programme. This programme shall be accompanied by a layout plan identifying the
areas proposed for unloading, main storage, subsidiary storage, assembly and the
transportation of equipment and fabricated material between the storage and work areas. The
layout shall clearly indicate the points at which proposed erection begins, direction in which it
is proposed to progress, the deployment of equipment, access route for cranes to reach work
areas, etc. The locations and extent of site offices and stores, labour quarters if any, layout of
electrical cables and water pipes from the tap-off points shall also be indicated in detail on the
above layout. Full details of the method of handling, transport, hoisting and erection including
false work/staging, temporary bracing, guying, etc. shall be furnished by CONTRACTOR in
this erection programme along with complete details of the quantity and capacity of the various
items of erection equipment that will be used. A site organisation chart showing the number of
supervisory personnel, and the number and composition of the various gangs shall also
accompany the erection programme.

4.2 Any modifications to the erection programme directed by ENGINEER for the reasons of
inadequacy of the quantity and/or capacity of the erection equipment, erection personnel
and supervisors, temporary bracing, guying etc., or safety of the erection methods, or
stability of the erected portions of structures, or unsuitability of the erection sequence due
to interference with the work of other agencies shall be incorporated by CONTRACTOR
and the work shall be carried out in accordance with the revised programme. Approval by
ENGINEER shall not relieve CONTRACTOR from the responsibility for the safe, sound,
accurate and timely erection of structural steel work as required by ENGINEER/OWNER.
CONTRACTOR shall also make no extra claims for bringing additional equipment to site
for erection, if so directed by ENGINEER. CONTRACTOR shall be deemed to have
visualised all erection problems while bidding for the work and no additional compensation
shall be claimed on this account.

5.0 SITE OPERATIONS

5.1 An experienced and qualified Superintendent shall be in full time charge of the job.

5.2 CONTRACTOR shall complete all preliminary works at site well before the arrival of
structural steel, such as establishment of a well equipped and adequately staffed site
office, stores, unloading gantry, unloading and pre-assembly yard, labour quarters if any,
electrical and water connections, electrical winches, derricks, cranes, compressors, all
tools and tackles, rivet guns, welding sets, torque wrenches, spud wrenches, staging, etc.
as well as experienced erection and supervisory personnel as part of this contract and
any other work that may be necessary so as to start erection immediately after the arrival
of the first batch of steel at site.

5.3 CONTRACTOR shall furnish at his own expense, the necessary non-inflammable staging
and hoisting materials or equipment required for the erection work and shall remove and
take them away after completion of the job. CONTRACTOR shall also provide necessary
passageways, fences, safety belts, helmets, lights and other fittings to the satisfaction of
OWNER/ENGINEER and to meet the rules of local authorities and for protection to his
men and materials. A licensed electrician shall be kept on the job for the entire duration of
the work to maintain CONTRACTOR's electrical equipment and connections.
5.4 CONTRACTOR shall protect all existing plant, structures, piping, conduits, equipment and
facilities against damage during erection. Any damage caused by CONTRACTOR shall
be rectified entirely at CONTRACTOR's cost,to the satisfaction of OWNER/ENGINEER. If
work has to be carried out adjacent to existing switch yards or electrical installations which
are live, CONTRACTOR must ensure suitable safety precautions in consultation with
ENGINEER.

5.5 If a portion of the work of the project area cannot be made available to CONTRACTOR for
his activities due to operations being carried out by other agencies, he shall suitably
modify his sequence of operations so as to continue work without interruption.
CONTRACTOR shall work in coordination with other agencies working on the project site
and plan his work suitably so as not to hinder the progress of construction at site.

6.0 ACCEPTANCE OF STEEL, ITS HANDLING & STORAGE

6.1 Point of delivery of fabricated steel shall be at site as defined in section-B

6.2 CONTRACTOR shall carefully check the steel to be erected at the time of acceptance.
Any fabrication defects observed should be brought to the notice of OWNER/ ENGINEER.

6.3 No dragging of steel shall be permitted. All shall be stored 300mm above ground on
suitable packing to avoid damage. It shall be stored in the order required for erection, with
erection marks visible. All storage areas shall be prepared and maintained by
CONTRACTOR. Steel shall not be stored in the vicinity of areas where excavation or
grading will be done and, if so stored temporarily, this shall be removed by
CONTRACTOR well before such excavation and/or grading commences to a safe
distance to avoid burial under debris.

6.4 Scratched or abraded steel shall be given a coat of primer for protection after unloading
and handling prior to erection. All milled and machined surfaces shall be properly
protected from rust/corrosion by suitable coating and also from getting damaged.

7.0 ANCHOR BOLTS & FOUNDATIONS

7.1 CONTRACTOR shall carefully check the location and layout of anchor bolts embedded in
foundations constructed , to ensure that the structures can be properly erected as shown
on the drawings, Any discrepancy in the anchor bolts/foundation shall be reported to
ENGINEER.

7.2 Levelling of column bases to the required elevation may be done either by providing
shims or three nuts on the upper threaded portion of the anchor bolt. All shim stock
required for keeping the specified thickness of grout and in connection with erection of
structures on foundations, crane brackets or at any other locations shall be of good M.S.
plates and shall be supplied by CONTRACTOR at his cost.

7.3 A certain amount of cleaning of foundations and preparing the area is considered normal
and shall be carried out by CONTRACTOR at not extra cost.

7.4 Where beams bear in pockets or on walls, bearing plates shall be set and levelled as part
of the work. All grouting under column base plates or beam bearing plates will be carried
out by CONTRACTOR, unless the grouting is specifically excluded from the
CONTRACTORS scope.
8.0 ASSEMBLY & CONNECTIONS

8.1 Field connections may be effected either by bolting using black hexagonal headed bolts
conforming toIS:1363 of grade C and property class 4.6. or by and as shown on the
design and erection drawings.

8.2 All bolts, nuts, washers, rivets, electrodes required for field connections shall be supplied
by Erector free of cost.

8.3 All assembling shall be carried on a level platform.

8.4 Drifts shall be used only for drawing the work to proper position and must not be used to
such an extent as to damage the holes. Size of drifts larger than the nominal diameter of
hole shall not be used. Any damaged holes or burrs must be rectified to the satisfaction of
ENGINEER.

8.5 Corrections of minor misfits and reasonable amount of reaming and shall be considred as
a part of erection. Any error in the shop, which prevents proper fit on a moderate amount
of reaming and slight chipping or cutting, shall be immediately reported to ENGINEER.

9.0 ERECTION

9.1 All structural steel shall be erected as shown on the drawings. Proper size steel cable
slings, etc., shall be used for hoisting. Guys shall not be anchored to existing structures,
foundations, etc. unless so permitted by ENGINEER in writing. Care shall be taken to see
that ropes in use are always in good condition.

9.2 Steel columns in the basement, if any, are to be lowered and erected carefully with the
help of a crane and/or derrick without damaging the basement walls steel or floor.

9.3 Structural steel frames shall be erected plumb and true. Frames shall be lifted at such
points that they are not liable to buckle and deform. Trusses shall be lifted only at node
points. In the case of trusses, roof girders, all of the purlins and wind bracing shall be
placed simultaneously and the columns shall be erected truly plumb on screed bars over
the pedestals. All steel columns and beams shall be checked for plumb and level
individually before and after connections are made. Temporary bracings shall be
introduced wherever necessary to take care of all loads to which the structure may be
subjected, including erection equipment and the operation thereof. Such bracings shall be
left in place as long as may be required for safety and stability.

9.4 Chequered plates shall be fixed to supporting members by tack welding or by countersunk
bolts as shown/specified in relevant drawings and/or as directed by ENGINEER. The
edges shall be made smooth and no burrs or jagged ends shall be left. While splicing,
care should be taken so that there is continuity in pattern between the two portions. Care
should also be taken to avoid distortion of the plate while welding. The erection of
chequered plates shall include :

a) Welding of stiffening angles/vertical stiffening ribs

b) Cutting to size and making holes to required shape wherever necessary to

allow service piping and/or cables to pass through

c) Splicing as shown in relevant drawings

d) Smoothening of edges
e) Fixing of chequered plates by tack welding or by countersunk bolts
 Providing lifting hooks for ease of lifting.

9.5 As erection progresses, the work shall be securely bolted to take care of all dead load,
wind, seismic and erection stresses.

9.6 No riveting or welding or final bolting shall be done until the structure has been properly
aligned and approved by ENGINEER. No cutting, heating or enlarging of the holes shall
be carried out without the prior written approval of ENGINEER.

9.7 Test certificates as specified as specified below shall be furnished by CONTRACTOR.

a) Laboratory tests Bolts: Pull out-Shear pullout & pullout, visual & dimensional
Welds: Radiography, ultrasonic, magnetic particle test, dye
penetration, visual & dimensional

b) Field tests Bolts: visual & dimensional

Welds: Radiography, ultrasonic, magnetic particle test, dye
penetration, visual & dimensional

10.0 INSPECTION

10.1 ENGINEER/OWNER or their authorised representatives shall have free access to all parts
of the job during erection and all erection shall be subjected to their approval. In case of
faulty erection, all dismantling and re-erection required will be at CONTRACTOR's cost.
No paint shall be applied to rivet heads or field welds or bolts until these have been
approved by ENGINEER.

11.0 DISMANTLING, ALTERATION AND RE-ERECTION OF STEEL WORK

11.1 In cases where it is necessary for alterations to be carried out for certain portions of steel
work already erected, for any reasons whatsoever, these shall be executed only on the
written orders of the ENGINEER. Complete scheme of alterations shall be detailed and
work taken up at site only after the approval of the ENGINEER.

11.2 Dismantling

11.2.1 The sections of steel work requiring alterations which cannot be executed in the erected
position, shall be dismantled carefully, without damaging other structures, lowered and
transported to the fabrication yard as decided by ENGINEER. These operations may
include temporary dismantling, cutting, re-welding or supporting, re-aligning of other
adjacent connected members as well.

11.2.2 The unit rate quoted shall include all the operations mentioned above and its
measurement shall be based on the calculated weight of only the dismantled members.
The weight of the connected members which do no require alterations except for re-
aligning and their welding shall not be taken into consideration.

11.3 Alterations

11.3.1 Alterations of fabricated steel or dismantled steel shall be deemed to be fabrication work
involving changes in lengths of members or in the cross section, such as welding
additional flange or web plates or cutting already welded plates, etc. The work may
require removal of some portion of the structure and addition of new sections. Alterations
of steel members include operations such as cutting, drilling, grinding, machining where
necessary, bolting, welding, etc.
11.3.2 Whenever alteration is ordered, ENGINEER will examine the stage at which the particular
member has been identified for alteration.
11.3.3 If alterations are intimated before completion of actual fabrication, no payment under this
item shall be due to the CONTRACTOR and he shall be paid as per the unit rates quoted
under relevant item in the schedule.

11.3.4 If alterations are required to be carried out after the completion of fabrication,
CONTRACTOR shall be paid 70% (seventy percent) of the unit rate quoted for the
relevant item in the Schedule for the work executed.

11.3.5 In case alterations are ordered by the ENGINEER after the erection of the member in
position but before alignment and final welding, CONTRACTOR shall be paid 85% (eighty
five percent) of the unit rate quoted for the relevant item in the Schedule for the work
executed.

11.3.6 Alterations shall be carried out after assessment of the work executed based on the above
clauses. The quoted rate for alterations shall include for surface preparation and application of
a shop coat primer as per specifications to steel components which are added.

11.3.7 The measurement of item for alteration shall be based on the arithmetic sum of the weight
of components deleted and the weight of components added.

11.3.8 Additions to fabricated steel such as welding additional cleat angles, plugging drilled
holes, drilling additional holes and additional fabrication work of steel which is already
fabricated and stored at the fabrication shop shall not be deemed to be included as
'alterations' and shall be executed by the CONTRACTOR at the rates quoted by him
under relevant items for detailing, fabricating, transporting and erection of structural steel.

11.4 Re-erection

11.4.1 This shall include transportation of altered steel members to the site of erection, lifting to
the required level, aligning and erecting in position inclusive of all erection bolts, tack
welding and final welding. The quoted rate shall include touching up and a second coat of
primer. This shall also include re-erection of all the connected members which had to be
dismantled.

11.4.2 Measurement for the re-erection of altered steel shall be based on the final weight of the
rectified steel member erected at site. Re-erection of the connected members shall be
excluded from the weight for measurement. In all the above cases, ENGINEER's
decisions shall be final and binding on the CONTRACTOR.
12.0 TOLERANCES

Tolerances mentioned below shall be achieved after the entire structure or part thereof is
in line, level and plumb. The tolerances specified below do not apply to steel structures
where the deviations from true position are intimately linked with and directly influence
technological process. In such cases, the tolerances on erected steel structures shall be
as per recommendations of process technologists/suppliers which will be indicated in the
drawings.
 PAINTING OF STRUCTURAL STEEL

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for painting structural steel work
 involving the supply and delivery of all necessary materials, labour, scaffolding, tools and
equipment. This document covers the aspects of surface treatment, application of primer
paint and finish painting.

2.0 APPLICABLE CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS

The following Standard Specifications and Codes of Practice are made a part of this
Specification. All standards and codes referred to herein shall be the latest editions
including all applicable official amendments and revisions.

In case of discrepancy between this specification and those referred to herein, this
specification shall govern.

i) IS:102 Ready Mixed paint, Brushing, Red Lead, Non-setting, Priming.

ii) IS:110 Ready Mixed paint, brushing, grey filler for enamels for use
over primers.

iii) IS:117 Ready Mixed paint, Brushing, Finishing, Exterior Semigloss for
general purposes, to Indian Standard colours.

iv) IS:158 Ready Mixed paint, Brushing, Bituminous, Black, Lead free,
Acid,alkali and heat resisting.

v) IS:159 Ready Mixed paint, Brushing, Acid resisting.

vi) IS:341 Black Japan, Types A, B and C

vii) IS:1477 Codes of Practice for painting of ferrous metals in buildings.

Part I - Pretreatment
Part II - Painting

viii) IS:2074 Ready Mixed paints, Red Oxide Zinc chrome priming.

ix) IS:2339 Aluminium paint for general purposes, in Dual container

x) IS:2932 Specification for enamel, synthetic, exterior, type 1,

(a) undercoating (b) finishing

xi) IS:2933 Specification for enamel, exterior, type 2,

(a) undercoating, (b) finishing

xii) IS:5905 Sprayed aluminium and zinc coatings on Iron and Steel.

xiii) IS:6005 Code of practice for phosphating of Iron and Steel.

xiv) IS:9862 Specification for ready mixed paint, brushing, bituminous,

black, lead free, acid, alkali, water & chlorine resisting.
 xv) IS:13183 Aluminium paint, Heat resistant.

xvi) SIS-05-5900 Swedish Standard

3.0 SURFACE TREATMENT

3.1 All the surfaces of steel work to be painted shall be thoroughly cleaned of all loose mill
scale, rust, grease, dirt and other foreign matter. The type of surface treatment shall be as
specified in the respective item of work. The workmanship shall generally conform to the
requirements of IS 1477-Part I.

3.2 Oil and grease removal shall be carried out either by solvent cleaning or by using alkali type
degreasing agents. To remove grease material the surface shall be cleaned with solvents
containing emulsifier. After cleaning, the surface shall be washed with water. When the
surface has cement pelts or salts, the cleaning shall be done with strong alkalies. After
cleaning, water rinsing and subsequent passivation by dilute chromic acid rinsing shall be
carried out to ensure that no traces of alkali is left on the surface. The procedure for cleaning
by above mentioned methods shall be as per manufacturers instructions.

3.3 Derusting and descaling of steel shall be carried out either manually, mechanically or
chemically.

3.3.1 Manual Or Hand Tool Cleaning

Loose mill scale, loose rust and loose paint shall be removed by wire brushing, scrapping,
chipping and rubbing with abrasive paper or steel wool. This method shall not be
employed when the surface has firmly adhering mill scale. After hand tool cleaning, the
surface shall be rubbed with sand paper so as to ensure that no loose material exists and
the surfaces shall be dusted off.

3.3.2 Mechanical Cleaning

3.3.2.1 Power Tool Cleaning

This shall be carried out by employing power operated wire brushes. Power tool cleaning
shall be resorted to only if sand/shot blasting is not possible/permissible and high quality
of surface preparation is required.

The surface prior to such cleaning shall be cleaned of dust, grease etc. and heavier layers
of rust shall be removed by chipping.

The powertool cleaning shall remove loose mill scale and rust by adopting very thorough
scrapping, grinding and machine brushing. After the surfaces are cleaned by compressed
air, it shall have a pronounced metallic sheen.

3.3.2.2 Flame Cleaning

Hard mill scale and rust shall be removed through Oxy- acetylene flame. The work shall
be carried out by trained workmen to ensure that only mill scale is removed without
affecting the parent steel. The work shall be carried out carefully on welded surfaces so
that the strength of weld is not affected due to heating.
3.3.3 Sand Blasting And Shot Blasting

3.3.3.1 Sand/shot blasting shall be resorted to only after removal of grease, oil and other
contaminants. The work shall be carried out by impinging under pressure of air, a jet of
sharp sand or granulated steel (steel grits) on to the metal surface. The process shall
ensure complete removal of rust and firmly adhering mill scale. Special care shall be
taken on weld areas to remove flux and spatter. Blasting shall ensure an even colour of
the surface and the surface shall have silver grey colour. Precautions shall be taken
when sand or shot blasting of light gauge steel surfaces to ensure that buckling does not
occur to continuous impingement of sand or steel shots under high velocity.

3.3.3.2 Sand/shot blasting shall be adopted for structures which are exposed to corrosive
conditions for which superior paint protection is to be adopted. The finished surfaces
shall conform to the requirements of Sa 2 or Sa 3 as per Swedish Standard SIS-05-
5900 as specified in the item of work.

3.3.3.3 As Sandblasting causes dust nuisance necessary clearance shall be obtained by the
CONTRACTOR from Competent authorities prior to commencing Sand blasting.

3.4 Chemical Cleaning (Pickling)

3.4.1 The cleaning shall be done by pickling in sulphuric, hydrochloric or phosphoric acids.
Pickling shall be carried out in accordance with detailed procedure as given in IS 6005.

3.4.2 Washing after pickling shall remove all traces of the acids. All work pieces shall be
thoroughly inspected and in particular the inaccessible corners.

4.0 MATERIALS

4.1 Primer Paint

4.1.1 Anti-corrosive primers shall be either lead based or lead free types. Red lead primer shall
conform to IS 102 and red oxide zinc chrome primer shall conform to IS 2074.

4.2 Finish Paint

4.2.1 Synthetic enamel painting for undercoat and finish coat shall conform to IS 2932/IS 2933.

4.2.2 Acid, alkali and heat resistant bituminous paint shall conform to IS 158.

4.2.3 Acid, alkali, water and chlorine resisting bituminous paint shall conform to IS 9862.

4.2.4 Heat resistant aluminium paint shall conform to IS 13183.

4.2.5 Epoxy primer and epoxy paint shall be of the type as specified in the item of work from
an approved manufacturer.

4.2.6 Chlorinated rubber based paint shall be of the manufacture as specified or any
equivalent approved manufacture.

4.3 All the materials shall be of the best quality from an approved manufacturer.
CONTRACTOR shall obtain prior approval of the ENGINEER for the brand of
manufacture and the colour/shade prior to procurement for usage in the works.
4.4 Primer and finish paints shall be compatible with each other to avoid cracking and
wrinkling. As such it is recommended that the primer and finish paint shall be from the
same manufacturer.

4.5 The colour and shade shall conform to IS Standards referred to in Appendix 'D' of IS
1477-Part II. To facilitate choosing the correct shade/number from the alternatives
available, CONTRACTOR shall adopt trial painting in small patches in consultation with
and as directed by the ENGINEER.

4.6 All paint delivered to the fabrication shop/site shall be ready mixed, in original sealed
containers, as packed by the manufacturer. Thinner shall not be permitted for usage
unless specifically directed by the ENGINEER.

4.7 Paints shall be stirred thoroughly to keep the pigment in suspension.

4.8 CONTRACTOR shall at his own cost arrange for testing of paints as per relevant Indian
Standards in standard laboratory whenever OWNER wants the tests to be carried out for
each batch of paints. Test results shall be submitted to the OWNER for obtaining
approval.

5.0 WORKMANSHIP

5.1 The type and the number of coats of the primer paint and finish paint shall be as
specified in the respective items of work.

5.2 Painting shall be carried out only on thoroughly dry surfaces.

5.3 No painting shall be done in frosty/foggy weather or when the humidity is high enough to
cause condensation on the surface to be painted. Paint shall not be applied when the
temperature of the surface to be painted is at 5C or lower.

5.4 Primers shall adhere to the surface firmly and offer a key to the subsequent coats.

5.5 The application of paint film shall serve the twin purpose of protecting the steel from
corrosion and giving the decorative appearance. A paint which gives the steel adequate
protection over a long period together with good appearance shall therefore be adopted.

5.6 Workmanship shall generally conform to requirements specified in IS:1477-Part II.

5.7 It is essential to ensure that immediately after preparation of the surfaces, the first coat
of primer paint shall be applied by brushing and working it well to ensure a continuous
film without "holidays". After the first coat becomes hard dry a second coat of primer
shall be applied by brushing to obtain a film free from holidays.

5.8 Structural steel surfaces shall be given the first coat of primer at shop and the second
coat after it is erected in position. Further, any abraded surfaces of the first coat during
transport from shop to site and during erection shall be provided with a touch-up coat of
the primer.

5.9 The dry film thickness of each coat of primer shall be not less than 25 microns.

5.10 Application of finishing paints shall be carried out within the shortest possible time
interval after primer since the primer coats are too thin to give adequate corrosion
protection to the steel surface over a long duration.
5.11 Filler coats shall be applied to fill dents and to obtain a smooth finish wherever
necessary. Only factory prepared filler suitable for steel work shall be used. Fillers
prepared by whiting and linseed oil by craftsmen at site shall never be used as such
fillers may be unbalanced and incompatible with primer and finishing coats. Application
of filler shall be done with good `putty knife' and necessary skill. Filler applied shall be
just sufficient to fill the depression or unevenness and it shall be restricted to the
minimum. It shall be applied in thin layers. In filling depression or unevenness, due as
many coats as are necessary may be applied allowing each layer to dry hard. The
hardened coat shall be cut down by wet rubbing before the subsequent coat is applied.
Where necessary, filler coats shall be applied over the undercoats also.

5.12 Painting shall be carried out either by brushing or by spraying. CONTRACTOR shall
procure the appropriate quality of paint for this purpose as recommended by the
manufacturer.

5.13 After the second coat of primer is hard dry, the entire surface shall be wet rubbed cutting
down to a smooth uniform surface. When the surface becomes dry, the undercoat of
paint of optimum thickness shall be applied by brushing/spraying with minimum of brush
marks. The coat shall be allowed to hard-dry. The under coat shall then be wet rubbed
cutting down to a smooth finish, taking adequate care to ensure that at no place the
undercoat is completely removed. The surface shall then be allowed to dry.

5.14 The first finishing coat of paint shall be applied by brushing or by spraying and allowed to
hard-dry. The gloss from the entire surface shall then be gently removed and the surface
dusted off. The second finishing coat shall then be applied by brushing or by spraying.

5.15 At least 24 hours shall elapse between the application of successive coats. Each coat
shall vary slightly in shade and this shall be got approved by the ENGINEER.

5.16 Minimum dry film thickness of each coat of finish paint of synthetic enamel shall be 25
microns. Minimum dry film thickness of other finish paints shall be as specified in the
respective item of work.

5.17 The thickness of film shall be measured by an Elcometer to be supplied by the

CONTRACTOR. The CONTRACTOR shall calibrate the Elcometer frequently for
different settings. Necessary calibrating accessories should be kept ready for
calibration/testing of Elcometer at any time.

5.18 Epoxy primer and epoxy paint shall be applied within the specified pot life all as per
recommendations of the manufacturer.

5.19 Surfaces inaccessible after assembly shall receive two coats of primer prior to assembly.

5.20 Surfaces inaccessible after erection, including top surfaces of floor beams supporting
grating or chequered plate shall receive one additional coat of finish paint over and
above the number of coats specified prior to erection.

5.21 Portion of steel members embedded/to be encased in concrete shall not be painted.
Joints to be site welded shall have no shop paint for atleast 50mm from the welding
zone. Similarly, the steel surfaces shall not be painted in areas where connection is by
use of friction grip bolts. On completion of the joint, the surfaces shall receive the
painting as specified.

5.22 Maintenance painting of steel structures will become necessary if the painting already
carried out shows signs of chalking, hairline cracking, deep checking, fine checking,
peeling, blistering and rusting. The breakdown of a paint film is progressive from the top
 finish paint to the primer coat and the object of maintenance painting is to renovate
periodically to effectively check the breakdown and protect the steel surfaces from
corrosion. It is essential that same quality of paint as specified earlier need be adopted
to ensure compatibility. The general workmanship for maintenance painting shall
conform as per Clause. 7 of IS 1477-Part II.

5.23 CONTRACTOR shall provide suitable protection as necessary to prevent paint finishes
from splashing on equipment, floors, walls etc.
 Standard Specification for Floor and Floor Finishes

SPECIFICATIONS FOR FLOORING AND WALL DADO

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for flooring and dadoing of
various types of finishes including supplying, installation, finishing, curing,
testing, protecting, maintaining until handing over.

2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 The Contractor shall furnish all skilled and unskilled labour, plant, equipment,
scaffolding, materials etc., required for complete execution of the work in
accordance with the drawings and as described herein and / or as directed by
the Engineer.

2.2 The Contractor shall follow all safety requirements / rules during execution of the
work.

2.3 The Contractor should have adequate experience in execution of such works.
Alternatively, he should engage specialized agency for executing the work
after obtaining approval from the Engineer.

2.4 All works shall be carried out as per relevant Indian Standard Specifications ,
as per the instructions of manufacturer and as directed by Engineer. The
Contractor shall carryout all works including preparation of base, chipping
extra concrete, roughening of surface and skin removing, cleaning, screeding,
levelling, curing, protecting the slab / tile by using pop over plastic sheet etc.

2.5 The commencement, scheduling and sequence of the finishing works shall be
planned in details and must be specifically approved by the Engineer, keeping
in view the activities of other agencies working in the area. However, the
Contractor shall remain fully responsible for all normal precautions and
vigilance to prevent and damage whatsoever till handing over to the Owner.

2.6 Only approved make, colour, size, quality of tiles / slabs to form any pattern in
combination of any specified colour shall be used.

3.0 CODES AND STANDARDS

3.1 IS Codes
Some of the important applicable Indian Codes for this section are listed below. Latest
editions of these codes shall be followed :
IS : 1237 - Cement concrete flooring tiles
IS : 4457 - Ceramic unglazed vitreous acid resisting tiles
Code of practice for laying of in-situ Granolithic concrete
IS : 5491 - flooring
topping
 Dust pressed ceramic tiles with water absorption of E
IS : 13753 - 10%.
Dust pressed ceramic tiles with water absorption 3% of
IS : 13755 - E 6%
(Group B II.a)
4.0 MATERIALS

4.01 Cement : Ordinary Portland cement of 43 Grade

conforming to IS : 8112 and as specified
Technica
under concrete work of l
Specificatio
n.
Coarse As specified under concrete works and conforming to
4.02 Aggregate : IS:383.
As specified under concrete works and conforming to
4.03 Fine Aggregates : IS:383.
As specified under concrete
4.04 Water : works

4.5 Special Materials

Materials required for individual finishing items are specified under respective
items. In general, all such materials shall be in accordance with the relevant IS
Codes where applicable. In all cases these materials shall be of the best
indigenous quality unless specified otherwise.

The materials for finishing items must be procured from well-reputed approved
specialised manufactures and on the basis of approval of samples by the
Engineer. The materials shall be ordered, procured and stored well in advance
to avoid possible delays to the construction programme.
5.0 STORAGE OF MATERIALS

Storage of cement, aggregates and water shall be as specified under concrete works.

6.0 BASE CONCRETE

6.1 The base concrete may be deposited as per specification and as directed.
Before placing the concrete the sub-base shall be properly wetted and well
rammed. The concrete shall then be deposited between the forms where
necessary, thoroughly compacted and the surface finished level with the top
edges of the forms. The surface of base concrete shall be left rough to provide
adequate bond for the topping. Two or three hours after the concrete has been
laid in position, the surface shall be brushed with a hard brush to remove any
scum or laitance and swept clean so that coarse aggregate is exposed.

7.0 WORKMANSHIP

7.1 Workers specially experienced in particular items of finishing work shall carry
out the work. Where such workers are not readily available, experienced
 supervisors recommended by the manufacturer shall be engaged with the prior
permission and based on approval of the Engineer. In particular cases,
Engineer may desire the installation of finishing items by the manufacturer.
This arrangement shall be made by the Contractor.

8.0 PREPARATION OF THE BASE SURFACE

8.1 For all types of flooring, skirting, dado, the base (base concrete / structural
slab / masonry wall / concrete wall etc.) to receive the finish shall be
adequately roughened, joints raked, thoroughly cleaned of all dirt, grease,
loose particle, caked mortar droppings, and laitance, if any by scrubbing with
coir or steel wire brush before the operation of laying the topping is started.
Where the concrete is hardened so much that roughening the surface by wire
brush is not possible, the entire surface shall be roughened by chipping or
hacking and the skin removed. The surface shall be thoroughly cleaned and
soaked with water, atleast for
 twelve hours and the surplus water shall be removed by mopping immediately
before the topping is laid in position.

The prepared surface has to be approved by the Engineer before commencing

the finishing work.

10.0 CERAMIC TILES

10.1 Types of Ceramic Tile

a) Glazed Ceramic Tiles
Glazed ceramic tiles shall be highly pressed, single fired, red
body, top glazed white or coloured, plain or with designs.
The body of glazed ceramic tiles should consist of high grade clay
and minerals and well pressed in hydraulic presses and glaze
should be a combination of different minerals. Varied combination
of the body materials, glaze coating and the firing temperature will
give tiles of varied strength, abrasion resistance, surface
hardness, antiskid properties. The top surface shall be glazed
with stable gloss / semi gloss / matt finish of uniform colour and
texture and free from flaws, cracks, chips, craze, specks, crawling
or other imperfections. These shall be sound, true to shape with
true and straight edges, non-absorbing and non-fading. A
fractured section shall appear fine grained in texture, dense and
homogenous. The edges and the underside of the tiles shall be
completely free from glaze so that these may adhere properly to
the surface below.

The under side of tiles shall have ribs or indentations for better
anchorage with the base mortar / adhesive specified

The group and quality of tiles specified in the bill of quantities and
as shown on the drawings shall be used as directed by the
Engineer, even though the group of tiles specified below :

i) Floor Tiles
These tiles should have high strength, good resistance to
wear and tear, low water absorption and sufficient antiskid
properties and shall conform to IS : 13755 and BLLA EN177
(European Standard). Based on the properties of the glaze
and their hardness, floor tiles are categorized abrasion
resistance wise as Group II to V / V+. According to the
intensity of foot traffic, the tile group shall be selected and
used as given below.

Group II tiles shall be used for areas destined to medium foot

traffic, to be trod on with leather or rubber footwear.

Group III tiles shall be used for areas destined to frequent foot
traffic with medium abrasion.
Group IV tiles shall be used for areas destined to a strong
passage and intensive foot traffic with heavy abrasion.
 Group V Floor tiles having very high Abrasive Resistance
shall be used for areas destined to high intensive foot traffic
with heavy abrasion.

ii) Wall tiles

Ceramic wall tiles shall be single fast fired tiles having
medium water absorption and high strength characteristics.
These tiles should have high glaze and better adhesion to
wall and shall conform to IS : 13753 and EN 159 standards.
Wall tiles shall be glossy / semi glossy / matt glaze finish,
white or coloured, plain or printed, special printed and
premium printed. These tiles shall be sound, uniform colour,
true to shape with true and straight edges and non-fading.

b) Vitrified (Unglazed) Ceramic Unpolished / Polished Tiles

These tiles are of different shades having monolithic body which
is pressed in very high tonnage press and fired to high
temperature. The tiles shall be homogeneous and compact
through out the entire body with very high strength, low porosity
and extreme surface hardness, high resistance to abrasion
resistant to chemicals etc. and shall conform to IS : 4457 and EN
98 standards. The tiles shall be sound, non-absorbing flat and
true to shape with straight edges. The tiles shall be with smooth
surface or textured anti-skid finish surface. The tiles should be
free from any warping, deformation any chipping and any
scratches. The tiles shall be in absolute level. The under side of
tiles shall have ribs or indentations for better anchorage with the
base mortar / adhesive as specified.

Polished vitrified ceramic floor tiles shall be homogeneous heavy

and tough with highly reflective polished surface but non-slippery.
The tiles shall be in different shades and shall have uniform
colour, size and thickness.

10.2 Samples
Samples of each type / design / finish / print / size / colours of tiles shall be
submitted well in advance to the Engineer for approval at Contractor cost.

Approved sample tiles will be retained by the Engineer. All tiles procured
should be exactly as per approved samples. Tiles shall be procured from a
single approved source / manufacturers who can provide products of
consistent quality and physical properties. The manufacturer of tiles should be
an approved company specializing in ceramic tiles. The tiles needs to be
procured from one lot considering the required wastages & attic stock.

Tiles of approved make, colour, design, finish, size etc. as stipulated in item
description and /or as shown in the drawings only should be procured and
used on the works.

10.3 Storage of Materials

The delivery of tiles shall be in original containers with seals unbroken.
 Adequate precaution shall be taken to prevent accidental damage to tiles while
unloading and these shall be stored under cover in a manner approved by the
Engineer. Adhesives shall be stored as per the manufacturers instructions.

10.4 Laying and Finishing of Floor tiles

Preparation of base shall be as specified under head Preparation of Base Surface.

The under bed for flooring shall be of 20 mm average thick cement mortar 1:4
(1 part cement and 4 parts sand) or as specified in item specification. The
bedding shall be laid evenly over the surface, tamped and corrected to desired
levels and allowed to harden
 enough to offer a fairly rigid cushion to tiles. Before fixing the tiles, the bed
mortar shall be roughened by scratching diagonal lines at closed intervals and
grey cement slurry of honey like consistency shall be applied over the bedding.
Tiles shall be well soaked in water washed clean and fixed in cement grout
one after the other, each tile being gently tapped in its position with a wooden
mallet till it is properly bedded and in level with the adjoining tiles. The joints
shall be kept as thin as possible or as specified and in straight lines or to suit
the required pattern. Where the full tiles cannot be fixed these shall be cut
(sawn) to the required size and their edges rubbed smooth to ensure straight
and true joints. When grouting the tiles special care shall be taken to prevent
scratch. After the tiles have been laid, surplus cement grout shall be cleaned
off. The joints shall be cleaned off the grey cement grout with a blade or sharf
needle or trowel to a depth of 5 mm and all dust and loose mortar removed.
Joints shall then be flush pointed with grout of white cement mixed with Roff
Rainbow Tile Mate or approved equivalent, to match the colour of tiles as per
Manufacturers specification. The floor shall then be kept wet for 7 days. After
curing, the surface shall be washed with mild hydrochloric acid and clean
water. The finished floor shall not sound hollow when tapped with a wooden
mallet.

10.5 Laying and Finishing of Wall Tiles

Preparation of wall surface shall be as specified under head Preparation of Base

Surface

A 12 mm thick plaster of cement mortar 1:3 mix or as specified in item shall be

applied and allowed to harden. The plaster shall be roughened with wire
brushes or by scratching diagonal at closed intervals and cured properly.

The tiles should be washed clean and a coat of cement slurry applied liberally
at the back of tiles and set in the bedding mortar and for pointing the tiles.

If specified in the item, chemical adhesive of approved make shall be used for
setting the tiles in the bedding mortar.

For maintaining uniform gap and alignment plastic spacer should be used.

The tiles shall be tamped and corrected to proper plan and lines. The tiles shall
be set in the required pattern and jointed true to plumb. The joints shall be as
fine as possible or as specified. Top of skirting or dado shall be truly horizontal
and joints truly vertical except where otherwise indicated or as directed by
Engineer.

Skirting / dado shall rest on the top of the flooring, where full size tiles cannot
be fixed these shall be cut (swan) to the required size and height as specified
and their edges rubbed smooth.

The joints shall be cleaned off with wire / coir brush or trowel and all dust and
loose mortar removed. Joints than shall be flush pointed with grout of white
cement mixed with Roff Rainbow Tile Mate or approved equivalent to match
 the colour of tiles as per manufacturer specification. The work shall then be
kept wet for 7 days.

After curing, the surface shall be washed with mild hydrochloric acid and clean
water. The finished work shall not sound hollow when tapped with a wooden
mallet.

10.6 The surface shall be protected with a layer of pop to a required thickness over
a plastic sheet for the flooring tiles
\

14.0 MARBLE FLOORING / DADOING

Marble slabs of approved shade, variety, size and thickness as specified in the
item shall be used. They shall be of selected quality, dense, uniform and
homogeneous in texture and free from cracks or other structural defects. The
exposed face shall have no veins or unsightly stains and defects. They shall
have uniform milky white or coloured shade or patterns of colours approved by
Engineer. Samples shall be got approved by the Engineer before ordering the
slabs. The surface shall be fine polished and sides machine cut, true to
square.

Marble shall be hard, sound, dense and homogeneous in texture with

crystalline and course grains. It shall be free from stains, cracks, decay and
weathering. The place of quarrying, colour and quality and thickness should be
as specified. Every stone must be machine cut to a specified size in any
direction and shape chisel dressed on all sides so as to be free from waviness
and to give truly vertical, horizontal, radial and circular joints as required.
Chisel dressing shall also be done on exposed faces to remove any waviness.
The sides and top surfaces of marble slabs shall be machine rubbed with
coarse sand before using. Marble slabs in borders, joints and soffits of
entrances, openings and skirting shall be in full width. Marble slabs in treads
and risers of steps shall be in single pieces with rounded edges or angular
edges as may be described. All the exposed edges of these are to be machine
cut and polished smooth along with exposed faces. In all cases samples shall
be got approved.

14.1 Flooring slabs will be set in cement mortar 1:4 proportion 20 mm thick and
white cement slurry under marble stone slab. In other places slabs will be set
in CM 1:3 - 12 mm thick
.Polishing will be rough, medium, nice, acid wash and tin- oxide as per Industry
manufacture's specification and as approved by the Engineer including fixing
with brass \ copper clamps 12 mm diameter and 100 mm long caulked into
slab, let into the brick masonry walls and cement grouted.

14.2 When a single course of marble slab is to be fixed as in dado etc., the slab
shall be fixed as described below.
 Mortar pads of 1 : 2 C. M. of uniform width shall be struck on to the wall at
close intervals and the marble slabs shall be pressed on to them firmly. The
remaining cavities if any, shall then be filled with thin grout of cement mortar of
the same proportion. The sound coming, on gently tapping of the slab will
indicate if there are hollows. When the hollow cannot be filled with grout and
the finished slab continues to give a hollow sound on tapping, the slab shall be
removed and reset.

14.3 For fascia work where more than one course is required, the marble slabs
shall be fixed in the same way as described above except that at horizontal
joints of the slab, adjacent slabs shall be held together by a wrought
iron/copper pin passing through a hole drilled into the slabs. In addition,
wrought iron/copper hold fasts/dowels shall be provided to anchor the
 slabs to the wall. The hold fasts shall be counter-sunk into the joints of the slab
and it shall be located at a specified intervals subject to a minimum of one for
each slab for each horizontal joint.

14.4 The facing shall be fixed truly in plumb and in perfect line or curves as shown
on the plans. The courses and joints shall be as directed by Engineer. The
surface shall be protected from sun and rain and cured for ten days and shall
be finally polished.

14.5 Protection

Marble slabs in flooring shall be protected with layer of pop to a required

thickness over a plastic sheet. The pop and plastic sheet shall be removed and
one coat of polishing to be carried out if required before handing over.

16.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

The finish shall be checked specially for :
a) Level, slope, plumb as the case may be (The surface of the finish shall be
smooth and within +/-5 mm of the specified level or position. Local
irregularities shall be within +/-3 mm when measured against a 3 metre
straight edge. Abrupt changes of alignment shall not exceed 2 mm).

b) Pattern and symmetry

c) Alignment of joints, dividing strips, etc.

d) Colour, texture

e) Surface finish

f) Thickness of joints

g) Details of edges, junctions, etc.

h) Performance

i) Precautions specified for durability

Concrete Floor Laid With Mechanical Trowelling And Suction Drying
Material and Quality Control
Portland cement of 43 Grade conforming to IS:8112 of normal grinding fineness, which
corresponds to a specific surface of 2600-3500 cm2/g is required. Cement of higher grinding
fineness, e.g. rapid-hardening Portland cement of larger specific surface shall be avoided
especially in concrete mixes with cement content 0.3 t/m3 recommended content is 0.2 - 0.3
t/m3.
If stipulated in work specification; VDF Recron 3s synthetic fibres (manufactured by RIL or
equivalent) may be used. Minimum dosage shall be 900 gms / m or as recommended by
the
manufacturer of the fibre.
The fibre shall be as per the following specification:
(a) Cut length 12mm
(b) Shape of fibre unique triangular cross section for improved bonding aggregates in
concrete.
(c) Tensile strength 4000 to 6000 kg/cm
(d) Melting point - > 250C
(e) Batching, Mixing, Transporting, placing, compaction finishing and curing shall be as per
relevant clause.

If stipulated in work specification, floor hardener (Nitofloor hard top or equivalent) shall be
laid
as per manufacturers specifications with concrete as per intended use.
* Applicable to Nitofloor brand.
The Contractor shall be responsible for achieving the quality of concrete specified by
controlling the concrete mixes, placing, vacuum process, finishing and curing. The concrete
technician in charge must be present at the site when work is in progress.
The Contractor shall be required to maintain control charts showing individual test results for
aggregate gradation, slump, air content, cement content and compressive strength. Data for
slump, eventual air content and compressive strength shall be supplied to the MMCI/HPCL
Engineer In-charge.
The Contractor shall be responsible for mix adjustments, performing necessary tests,
correcting
deficiencies and trouble shooting in general.
Equipment
The following equipment shall be provided by the Contractor;
Poker vibrator with high frequency preferably 335 hz, dia 25 to 38 cm.
Double beam, surface vibrator. Beam should be adjusted to absolute straightness and
controlled every morning before placing of concrete starts.
Suction mat 100% made from air tight plastic material. Width of the mat shall be same as
bay
size and length 6m.
Filter pad 1200 mm length, width shall be less than the bay width by about 200 mm.
Vacuum Pump.
Skim floater with disc.

Execution

General
The work shall be planned and executed so that there is no delay between the placement,
screeding, dewatering and floating of the concrete. Concrete to be vacuum dewatered shall
be
handled and placed so as to prevent segregation. The concrete shall be internally vibrated
prior
to screeding.
Levelling
Immediately following placement, the concrete shall be levelled with a vibrating screed
running on a true surface, set at the proper elevation required to provide the specified
finished
elevation. The concrete surface shall be screeded high by 2% of the slab's thickness to
compensate for the compaction caused by the vacuum dewatering process. (Slabs that
have an
aggregate hardener shall have compensation made to maintain elevation). The vibrating
screed
shall be moved forward as rapidly as proper consolidation allows. The proper surcharge of
concrete must be maintained in front of the leading edge of the screed.

Vacuum Drying

Immediately after levelling, the concrete shall be covered with filter pads and suction mats in
strict accordance with the recommendation of the manufacturer to have the slab fully
dewatered. The suction mat shall extend 10 cm beyond the edge of the filter pad on all
sides.
The pads shall extend to within 10 cm of the edge of concrete slab and the mats shall cover
the
entire slab. Before connecting the hose on the suction mat to the vacuum pump, the edges
of
the mat shall be smoothed to enable an air tight seal to be created. A vacuum shall then be
applied to the mat.
After a minute the gauge on the vacuum pump should indicate a minimum vacuum of 0.70
atmospheres (24.0 in Hg) and if not, the mat must be checked for leakage. For concrete that
dewaters readily the vacuum should then be maintained at 0.70 - 0.80 atmospheres (24.0 to
25.5 in Hg). For concrete which dewaters less efficiently (e.g. air-entrained concrete) the
vacuum shall then be reduced to 0.50 - 0.60 atmospheres (15.0 to 18.0 in Hg). After
approximately 10 minutes the vacuum can then be increased to 0.80 atmospheres.
The vacuum shall be maintained for at least 3 minutes per 25 mm of concrete thickness at
0.80
atmospheres. (Where aggregate hardeners are specified, sufficient moisture shall be
maintained
to meet manufacturer's requirements). The suction mats and filter pads shall then be
removed
and moved to the next section in a leap frog manner.
The vacuum dewatering shall be stopped when only light foot prints are left in the concrete
when stepped upon.

Floating
Upon removal of the suction mats and filter pads the concrete surface shall be power-floated
without delay until all imprints from the vacuum process are removed.
Finishing
The waiting time after the floating operation depends on concrete temperature and humidity
and varies from 10 minutes to 2 hours.
The trowelling operation can not take place before the concrete has hardened enough to
carry
the machine i.e. the trowelling blades shall not leave any marks on the concrete.
Repeated trowelling, with intervals between the passes, which are adapted to the setting of
the
concrete, greatly improves the surface characteristics.
At least two passes shall made for floors which are not to be covered.
Curing
Vacuum dewatered concrete shall be cured like any other quality concrete in order to
achieve a
good final result. Curing compounds or plastic sheets shall be used.
Acceptance Criteria
In general, the following shall be checked for acceptance:
 Concrete cube strength as specified in the drawing
General level of finish of the floor shall not vary by + 5 mm in 10 metres
Finished floor shall not exhibit cracks, creases and crustiness. It shall be sound at edges
and corners.
Floor shall not have laitance and shall not generate dust on movement of traffic.
It should not give hollow sound on tapping.
During Inspection if any of the above defects are observed, Contractor shall be informed of
non-acceptance and the Contractor shall in workman like manner take all necessary
corrective
action without undue delay at his cost so that the installation meets all acceptance criteria
 BRICKWORK
14.0 MATERIALS

14.1.1 Bricks used in the works shall conform to the requirements laid down in IS:1077. The class
of the bricks shall be as specifically indicated in the respective items of work.

14.1.2 The nominal size of the modular brick shall be 200mm x 100mm x 100mm with the
permissible tolerances over the actual size of 190mm x 90mm x 90mm as per IS: 1077.
The nominal thickness of one brick and half brick walls using modular bricks shall be
considered as 200 mm and 100 mm respectively. In the event of use of traditional bricks of
nominal size 230mm x ll5mm x 75mm with tolerance upto +3 mm in each dimension, one
brick and half brick walls shall be considered as 230 mm and 115 mm respectively.

14.1.3 Bricks shall be sound, hard, homogenous in texture, well burnt in kiln without being
vitrified, hand/machine moulded, deep red, cherry or copper coloured, of regular shape
and size & shall have sharp and square edges with smooth rectangular faces. The bricks
shall be free from pores, cracks, flaws and nodules of free lime. Hand moulded bricks shall
be moulded with a frog and those made by extrusion process may not be provided with a
frog. Bricks shall give a clear ringing sound when struck and shall have a minimum
crushing strength of 5N/sq.mm unless otherwise specified in the item.

14.1.4 The average water absorption shall not be more than 20 percent by weight upto class 12.5
and 15 percent by weight for higher classes. Bricks which do not conform to this
requirement shall be rejected. Over or under burnt bricks are not acceptable for use in the
works.

14.1.5 Sample bricks shall be submitted to the ENGINEER for approval and bricks supplied shall
conform to approved samples. If demanded by ENGINEER, brick samples shall be got
tested as per IS: 3495 by CONTRACTOR at no extra cost to OWNER. Bricks rejected by
ENGINEER shall be removed from the site of works within 24 hours.

14.1.6 Mortar for brick masonry shall consist of cement and sand and shall be prepared as per
IS:2250. Mix shall be in the proportion of 1:5 for brickwork of thickness one brick or above
and 1:4 for brickwork of thickness half brick or below, unless otherwise specified in the
respective items of work. Sand for masonry mortar shall conform to IS:2116. The sand
shall be free from clay, shale, loam, alkali and organic matter and shall be of sound, hard,
clean and durable particles. Sand shall be approved by ENGINEER. If so directed by the
ENGINEER, sand shall be screened and washed till it satisfies the limits of deleterious
materials.

14.1.7 For preparing cement mortar, the ingredients shall first be mixed thoroughly in dry
condition. Water shall then be added and mixing continued to give a uniform mix of
required consistency. Mixing shall be done thoroughly in a mechanical mixer, unless hand
mixing is specifically permitted by the ENGINEER. The mortar thus mixed shall be used as
soon as possible, preferably within 30 minutes from the time water is added to cement. In
case, the mortar has stiffened due to evaporation of water, this may be re-tempered by
adding water as required to restore consistency, but this will be permitted only upto 30
minutes from the time of initial mixing of water to cement. Any mortar which is partially set
shall be rejected and shall be removed forthwith from the site. Droppings of mortar shall
not be re-used under any circumstances.

14.1.8 The CONTRACTOR shall arrange for test on mortar samples if so directed by the
ENGINEER.
14.2 WORKMANSHIP

14.2.1 Workmanship of brick work shall conform to IS: 2212. All bricks shall be thoroughly soaked
in clean water for at least one hour immediately before being laid. The cement mortar for
brick masonry work shall be as specified in the respective item of work. Brick work
200mm/230mm thick and over shall be laid in English Bond unless otherwise specified.
100mm/115mm thick brickwork shall be laid with stretchers. For laying bricks, a layer of
mortar shall be spread over the full width of suitable length of the lower course. Each brick
shall be slightly pressed into the mortar and shoved into final position so as to embed the
brick fully in mortar. Only full size bricks shall be used for the works and cut bricks utilised
only to make up required wall length or for bonding. Bricks shall be laid with frogs
uppermost.

14.2.2 All brickwork shall be plumb, square and true to dimensions shown. Vertical joints in
alternate courses shall come directly one over the other and be in line. Horizontal courses
shall be levelled. The thickness of brick courses shall be kept uniform. In case of one brick
thick or half brick thick wall, atleast one face should be kept smooth and plane, even if the
other is slightly rough due to variation in size of bricks. For walls of thickness greater than
one brick both faces shall be kept smooth and plane. All interconnected brickwork shall be
carried out at nearly one level so that there is uniform distribution of pressure on the
supporting structure and no portion of the work shall be left more than one course lower
than the adjacent work. Where this is not possible, the work shall be raked back according
to bond (and not saw toothed) at an angle not exceeding 450. But in no case the level
difference between adjoining walls shall exceed one metre. Brick-work shall not be raised
more than one metre per day.

14.2.3 Bricks shall be so laid that all joints are well filled with mortar. The thickness of joints shall
not less than 6 mm and not more than 10 mm. The face joints shall be raked to a minimum
depth of 10mm/15mm by raking tools during the progress of work when the mortar is still
green, so as to provide a proper key for the plastering/pointing respectively to be done
later. When plastering or pointing is not required to be done, the joints shall be uniform in
thickness and be struck flush and finished at the time of laying. The face of brickwork shall
be cleaned daily and all mortar droppings removed. The surface of each course shall be
thoroughly cleaned of all dirt before another course is laid on top.

14.2.4 During inclement weather conditions, newly built brick masonry works shall be protected by
tarpaulin or other suitable covering to prevent mortar being washed away by rain.

14.2.5 Brickwork shall be kept constantly moist on all the faces for at least seven days. The
arrangement for curing shall be got approved from the ENGINEER.

14.2.6 Double scaffolding having two sets of vertical supports shall be provided to facilitate
execution of the masonry works. The scaffolding shall be designed adequately considering
all the dead, live and possible impact loads to ensure safety of the workmen, in
accordance with the requirements stipulated in IS:2750 and IS:3696 (Part 1). Scaffolding
shall be properly maintained during the entire period of construction. Single scaffolding
shall not be used on important works and will be permitted only in certain cases as decided
by the ENGINEER. Where single scaffolding is adopted, only minimum number of holes,
by omitting a header shall be left in the masonry for supporting horizontal scaffolding poles.
All holes in the masonry shall be carefully made good before plastering/painting.

14.2.7 In the event of usage of traditional bricks of size 230 mmxll5mmx75mm, the courses at the
top of the plinth and sills as well as at the top of the wall just below the roof/floor or slabs
and at the top of the parapet shall be laid with bricks on edge.

14.2.8 All brickwork shall be built tightly against columns, floor slabs or other structural members.
14.2.9 To overcome the possibility of development of cracks in the brick masonry following
measures shall be adopted.

2.3 For resting RCC slabs, the bearing surface of masonry wall shall be finished on top
with 12 mm thick cement mortar 1:3 and provided with 2 layers of Kraft paper Grade 1
as per IS:1397 or 2 layers of 50 micron thick polyethylene sheets.

2.4 RCC/steel beams resting on masonry wall shall be provided with plain or reinforced
concrete bed blocks of dimensions as indicated in the drawings duly finished on top
with 2 layers of Kraft paper Grade 1 as per IS:1397 or 2 layers of 50 micron thick
polyethylene sheets.

2.5 Steel wire fabric shall be provided at the junction of brick masonry and concrete as
specified elsewhere before taking up plastering work.

The above items shall be measured and paid for separately under the respective items
of work.

14.2.10 Bricks for partition walls shall be stacked adjacent to the structural member to pre-
deflect the structural member before the wall is taken up for execution. Further, the top
most course of half or full brick walls abutting against either a deshuttered slab or beam
shall be built only after any proposed masonry wall above the structural member is
executed to cater for the deflection of the structural element.

14.2.11 Reinforced cement concrete transomes and mullions of dimensions as indicated in the
construction drawings are generally required to be provided in half brick partition walls.

14.2.12 Where drawings indicate that structural steel sections are to be encased in brickwork,
the brick masonry shall be built closely against the steel section, ensuring a minimum
of 20mm thick cement-sand 1:4 over all the steel surfaces. Steel sections partly
embedded in brickwork shall be provided with bituminous protective coating to the
surfaces at the point of entry into the brick masonry.

14.2.13 CONTRACTOR shall note that the unit rates quoted for the masonry work shall be
deemed to include for the installation of miscellaneous inserts such as pipe sleeves,
bolts, steel sections with anchors etc. and providing pockets, leaving openings, cutting
chases etc. in accordance with the construction drawings. Miscellaneous inserts shall
he either supplied FREE by the OWNER or to he furnished by the CONTRACTOR. Any
of the miscellaneous inserts which are required to be fabricated and supplied by the
CONTRACTOR and cement concrete to be provided in the pockets for the hold fasts of
door/window frames etc. shall however, be measured and paid separately under the
respective items of work. .

14.2.14 Facing bricks of the type specified conforming to IS:2691 shall be laid in the positions
indicated on the drawings and all facing brickwork shall be well bonded to the backing
bricks/RCC surfaces. The level of execution of the facing brick work shall at any time
be lower by at least 600 mm below the level of the backing brickwork.

14.2.15 Facing bricks shall be laid over 10 mm thick backing of cement mortar. The mortar mix,
thickness of joint and the type of painting to be carried out shall be as specified in the
item of work. The pattern of laying the bricks shall be as specifically indicated in the
drawings.

14.2.16 For facing brickwork, double scaffolding shall be used.

Faced works shall be kept clean and free from damage, discoloration etc., at all times
 SPECIFICATIONS FOR PLASTERING
1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for plastering and allied works on all
types of masonry and concrete surfaces and pointing works.

2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 The Contractor shall furnish all skilled and unskilled labour, plant, equipment, scaffolding,
materials, etc. required for complete execution of the work in accordance with the
drawings and as described herein and/or as directed by the Architect/Engineer Incharge.

2.2 IS : 1661 shall be followed as a general guidance for plastering work. All plaster work and
other wall finishes shall be executed by skilled workmen in a workmanlike manner and
shall be of the best workmanship and in strict accordance with the dimensions on
drawings subject to the approval of the Architect/Engineer Incharge.

2.3 The primary requirement of plaster work shall be to provide absolutely water tight enclosure,
dense, smooth and hard and devoid of any cracks on the interior and/or exterior. The
contractor shall do all that is necessary to ensure that this objective is achieved. All plastering
shall be finished to true plane, without any imperfections and shall be square with adjoining
work and form proper foundation for finishing materials such as paint etc.

2.4 Masonry and concrete surfaces which call for applications of plaster shall be clean, free
from efflorescence, damp and sufficiently rough and keyed to ensure proper bond, subject
to the approval of the Architect/Engineer Incharge.

2.5 Wherever directed by the Architect/Engineer Incharge, all joints between concrete frames
and masonry in filling shall be expressed by a groove cut in the plaster. The said groove
shall coincide with the joints beneath as directed. Where grooves are not called for, the
joints between concrete members and masonry in filling shall be covered by 24 gauge
galvanised chicken mesh strips 400 mm wide or as called for on drawings / documents
which shall be in position before plastering.

2.6 The Contractor shall strictly follow, at all stages of work, the stipulations contained in the
Indian Standard Safety Code and the provisions of the Safety Rules as specified in the
General Conditions of the Contract for ensuring safety of men and materials.

2.7 Any approval, instructions, permission, checking, review etc. whatsoever by the
Architect/Engineer Incharge shall not relieve the Contractor of his responsibility and
obligation regarding adequacy, correctness, completeness, safety, strength, workmanship
etc.

3.0 CODES AND STANDARDS

3.1 All applicable standards, acts and codes of practice referred to shall be the latest editions
including all applicable official amendments and revisions. A complete set of all these
documents shall generally be available at site with the Contractor.
3.2 List of certain important Indian Standards, Acts and Codes applicable to this work is given
below. However, the applicable standards and codes shall be as per but not limited to the
list given below :

IS : 383 Coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete.

IS : 712 Building limes.

IS : 1542 Sand for plaster.

IS : 1635 Code of practice for field slaking of building lime and preparation of putty.

IS : 1661 Code of practice for application of cement and cement-lime plaster

IS : 2250 finishes Code of practice for preparation and use of masonry mortars.

IS : 2547 Gypsum building plaster.

IS : 3150 Hexagonal wire netting for general purposes.

4.0 MATERIALS

4.1 Cement

The cement used shall be Ordinary Portland cement conforming to IS:269 or IS : 8112.
Unless otherwise specified Ordinary Portland cement of 43 grade conforming to latest IS -
8112 shall be used for all plastering works.

The Contractor shall make his own arrangements for the storage of adequate quantity of
cement.

Cement shall be a stored in closed weather proof shed on raised wooden plank flooring
away from wall to prevent deterioration by dampness or intrusion of foreign matter etc.

4.2 Sand
Sand shall conform to IS : 1542, IS : 383 and IS : 2116. It shall be from a natural source
or crushed stone sand. The sand shall be hard, durable, clean and free from adherent
coatings and organic matter, and shall not contain any appreciable amount of clay balls or
pellets. The sand shall not contain any harmful impurities. The sand shall be properly
graded and of medium size with a fineness modules of 2.0 to 2.2. Sand containing any
trace of salt shall be rejected. Sand shall be washed if required by the Architect/Engineer
Incharge.

4.3 Coarse aggregate shall conform to IS : 383. Coarse aggregate of size 6 to 12 mm shall be
used for rough cast plaster in finishing coat.

4.4 Water

Water used for mortar and curing shall be clean and free from injurious amounts of oils,
acids, alkalis, sugar, organic materials etc. Potable water is generally considered
satisfactory for mixing mortar and curing.
4.5 Lime
Lime shall be stone lime and it shall conform to IS:712. Hydrated lime shall be mixed with
water to form a putty. This shall be stored with reasonable care to prevent evaporation of
water for atleast 24 hours before use. Quick lime shall be slaked with enough water to
make a cream and then stored with reasonable care to prevent evaporation of water for
atleast seven days before use.

4.6 Water Proofing Compound

CICO No.1 or equivalent approved quality shall be used.

5.0 MORTAR

5.1 Unless otherwise specified cement-sand mortar shall be used. Cement mortar shall be of
proportion specified for each type of work. Cement mortar shall be prepared by mixing
cement and sand in specified proportions by volume. Sand shall be measured on the
basis of its dry volume using gauge boxes. Suitable allowance in quantity shall be made
to cater for the bulkage. Cement shall preferably be measured by weight. For the purpose
of determining the corresponding volume, one cubic metre of cement shall be taken to
weigh 1440 Kg.

5.2 Cement mortar mix is specified as 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 1:6 etc. The first figure will mean one
part of Portland cement by volume, the second figure will mean so many parts of sand by
volume. For example, cement mortar 1:4 would mean one part of cement and four parts of
sand.

5.3 The mixing of mortars shall be done in mechanical mixer. However. depending on nature,
magnitude and location of the work, the Architect/Engineer Incharge may relax the
condition of use of mechanical mixer and allow hand mixing.

Cement and sand in the specified proportions shall be fed into the mixer and mixed dry
thoroughly in the mixer. Water shall then be added gradually and the wet mixing
continued for atleast 3 minutes. If hand mixing is allowed it shall be carried out on a clean,
water tight platform. The accurately gauged materials shall be put on platform, and
thoroughly mixed dry. Water shall then be added and the whole mixed thoroughly until the
mix is homogeneous and of uniform colour. Only that quantity of mortar, which can be
used within 30 minutes of its mixing shall generally be prepared at a time. Care shall be
taken, not to add more water than required. IS:2250 and IS:1661 shall be referred for
ascertaining the quantity of water.

Cement mortar shall be used as soon as possible after mixing and before it begins to set,
preferably within half an hour from the time water is added to cement during mixing. Any
mortar for plaster partially set shall be rejected and removed from the site.

Sweep mortar shall not be used.

6.0 SAMPLES

Samples of each type of plaster and other wall finish shall be prepared well in advance of
undertaking the work for approval by the Architect/Engineer Incharge.

7.0 CHASINGS AND CUTTINGS

All chasings, installations of conduits, inserts, boxes, etc. shall be completed and finished with
cement mortar with galvanised chicken mesh before any plastering or other wall finish is
commenced on a surface. No chasing or cutting of plaster or other finish on a surface
 shall be permitted. Broken corners shall be cut back not less than 150 mm on both sides
and patched with plaster of paris as directed.

8.0 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

The surface shall be cleaned of all dust, loose mortar droppings, traces of algae,
efflorescence and other foreign matter by water or by brushing. Smooth surfaces shall be
roughened by wire brushing, if it is not hard and by heckling when it is hard. In case of
concrete surface, if a chemical retarder has been applied to the framework, the surface
shall be roughened by wire brushing and all the resulting dust and loose particles cleaned
off and care shall be taken that none of the retarders is left on the surface.

Galvanised chicken mesh (24 gauge, 12 mm size) shall be provided at junctions of brick
masonry and concrete members, to be plastered and other locations 150 mm on either
sides of the junction in double fold or as called for, properly stretched and nailed, ensuring
equal thickness of plaster on both sides of the mesh. The rate includes in the plaster
works.

Trimming of projections, wherever necessary shall be done to achieve an even surface.

The joints in all walls shall be raked out to a depth of at least 10 mm, brush cleaned with
wire brushes, dusted and thoroughly wetted before plastering work.

For ceiling plaster, the concrete surface shall be pock marked with a pointed tool to
ensure a proper key for the plaster.

The wall shall be dampened evenly and not soaked before application of plaster. If the
surface becomes dry in spots, such areas shall be moistened again.

9.0 APPLICATION OF PLASTER

9.1 Plaster application shall be commenced only after the preparatory work is approved by
the Architect/Engineer Incharge. To ensure even thickness and a true surface, plaster
about 10 cm to 15 cm square shall be first applied horizontally and vertically, at not more
than 2m intervals over the entire surface to serve as gauges. The surfaces of those
gauged areas shall be truly in the plane of the finished plastered surface and finished as
approved by the Architect/Engineer Incharge to give a smooth, true and even surface.

Plastering of cornices, decorative features etc. shall be completed before the finishing
coat is applied.

In all plaster work, mortar shall be firmly applied with some what more than the required
thickness and spread evenly well pressed in to the joint and on the surface and rubbed,
levelled and smoothened with straight edge, wooden float and trowel to the required
thickness and finished as approved by the Architect/Engineer Incharge to give a smooth
true and even surface. Plaster when more than 15 mm thick, shall be applied in two coats
a base coat followed by the finishing coat. Thickness of the base coat shall be just
sufficient to fill up all unevenness in the surface, no single coat, however shall exceed 12
mm in thickness. The lower coat shall be thicker than the upper coat. The overall
thickness of the coats shall not be less than the minimum thickness shown on the
drawings. The undercoat shall be allowed to dry and shrink before applying the second
coat of plaster. After a suitable time interval (Preferably not more than 5 days) the second
coat may be applied. The under coat shall be scratched or roughened before it is fully
hardened to form a mechanical key.

The finished wall surface shall be true to plumb, and the Contractor shall, without any extra
cost, make up any irregularity in the masonry and concrete work with plaster. All vertical
 edges of brick pillars door jambs etc. shall be chamfered or rounded off as directed by the
Architect/Engineer Incharge. All corners must be finished to their true angles or rounded.
Any plastering that is damaged shall be repaired and left in good condition at the
completion of the job.

9.2 Grooves in Plaster

Where specified in drawings, rectangular grooves 12 to 20 mm wide and 8 to 10 mm deep

shall be provided in external plaster by means of timber battens or metal strips, fixed on
plaster when plaster is still green. Battens or strips shall be carefully removed after initial
set of plaster and broken edges and corners made good. All grooves shall be uniform in
width and depth and shall be truly plumb and correctly aligned.

9.3 Drip Course

Drip course wherever indicated in the drawings shall be provided at the time of plastering
to prevent travelling of water drops from the projections. Unless otherwise, specified,
projected strip form drip course shall be provided.

9.4 Thickness of plaster shall be as specified. Any extra thickness of plaster required to be
plastered in the case of brick masonry or extra thickness required due to raking of the
joints or filling up depressions formed in concrete surface during the course of roughening
or due to bad casting or centering shall not be paid separately, but shall be covered by
the general rate for plastering.

9.5 The rate for plastering shall include the cost of scaffolding, platform, swing etc. needed for
carrying out the plaster work and shall cover the extra labour for plastering the joints, sills
and soffits of openings. No extra payment shall be made for roughening the surface to
obtain key for plastering work.

9.6 Finishes
The interior plaster shall generally be finished to a smooth surface. Wherever punning is
indicated, the interior plaster shall be finished rough. The exterior surface, shall generally
be finished with a wooden float. Wherever any special treatment to the plastered surface
is indicated, the work shall be done exactly as shown on the drawings, to the entire
satisfaction of the Architect/Engineer Incharge regarding the texture, colour and finish.

Ceiling Plaster Plaster to ceilings, soffits or stairs flight slabs and similar locations,
where called for, shall be as specified in the Schedule of Quantities.

9.7 Rough Cast Finish

The plaster shall be laid in two coats. The first coat shall consist of one part of cement and
four parts of clean sharp sand or as specified, also the water proofing component needs
to be added. The thickness of the first coat shall be just sufficient to fillup all unevenness
in the surface under treatment but shall not exceed 12 mm. The plaster shall be laid by
throwing the mortar by using a strong whipping motion on the prepared surface with a
trowel in a uniform layer and pressed to form a good bond. The surface shall not be
smoothened. The second coat shall consist of one part of cement, one part of specially
selected and graded sand, one parts of gravel / crushed stone of size 6 to 12 mm or as
approved by the Architect/Engineer Incharge.

The thickness of this coat shall be 7 mm to 8 mm. The cement and aggregates shall be
mixed dry in the proportion by volume as specified. Water shall be added to form a plastic
mix easily workable. The second coat shall be applied while the first coat is still soft and
 plastic. The plastic mix shall be flung upon the first coat with large trowel to form an even
and decorative coat.

9.8 Rough cast plaster with colour finish

This finish shall be similar to Rough Cast Finish above except a high grade mineral
pigment of approved shade shall be mixed with white cement instead of ordinary gray
cement while preparing the mortar for finishing coat.

9.9 Sand Faced Finish

The plaster shall be applied in two coats consisting of an undercoat of cement mortar
(1:4), 12 mm thick and a finishing coat with cement mortar (1:3), 6 mm thick. The sand
used in the finishing coat shall pass through 4.75 mm sieve and be retained on 2.36 mm
sieve. Key should be formed on the uniformly levelled surface of base coat by thoroughly
combing it in many horizontal lines about 12 mm apart and 3 mm deep when the mortar is
still plastic. The finishing coat shall be applied a day or two after. The surfaces of the
finishing coat shall be tapped and treated to obtain a uniform fine grained texture with the
help of sponges, felt pads, etc. Care shall be taken to see that the cement used is of the
same shade throughout the work.

9.10 Pebble Dash Finish

Mortar of required thickness consisting of one part cement and four parts sand by volume
or as specified shall be applied to form a base coat in the usual manner as described
under plastering. While the mortar is still plastic, small pebbles or crushed stone of size
generally from 10 mm to 20 mm as approved by the Architect/Engineer Incharge shall be
thrown to the plastered surface. The aggregate shall be lightly tapped into the mortar with
a wooden unit float or the flat end of a trowel, in order to ensure satisfactory bond
between the dashing and the mortar.

9.11 Curing

Finished plaster shall be kept wet for atleast 7 days after completion. In hot weather, walls
exposed to such shall be screened with matting kept constantly wet or by any other
approved means.

10.00 POINTING

10.1 The materials, preparation of mortar etc. shall be same as specified for cement plaster
works. The mix proportion shall not be leaner than 1:3, unless otherwise specified. For all
exposed brickwork or stone masonry work, self supporting double scaffolding, having two
sets of vertical supports shall be provided so as to avoid openings in the wall.

10.2 Preparation of surface

The joints shall be raked out properly to such a depth that the minimum depth of the new
mortar measured from either the sunk surface of the finished pointing or from the edge of the
brick shall not be less than 10 mm. Dust and loose mortar shall be brushed out. Efflorescence,
if any shall be removed by brushing and scraping. The surface shall then be thoroughly
washed with water, cleaned and kept wet before commencement of pointing.
10.3 Application of mortar and Finishing

The mortar shall be pressed into the raked out joints, with a pointing trowel, flush, sunk or
raked, according to the type of pointing required. The mortar shall not spread over the
corner, edges or surface of the masonry. The pointing shall then be finished with the
proper tool according to the type of pointing required.

10.4 Type of Pointing

a) Ruled pointing

Unless otherwise specified ruled pointing shall be adopted for all exposed
brick/block masonry work. However, for rubble masonry works, recessed pointing
shall be adopted.

The mortar shall be pressed into the raked out joints and shall be finished off flush
and then while the mortar is still green, a groove of shape and size as shown in
drawings shall be formed by running a forming tool straight along the centre line of
joints. This operation shall be continued till a smooth and hard surface is obtained.
The vertical joints shall also be finished in a similar way. The vertical joints shall
make true right angles at their junctions with the horizontal lines and shall not
project beyond the same. For recessed pointing in rubble masonry recess shall be
provided along the centre line of the joint profile.

b) Flush pointing

The mortar shall be pressed into the joints and shall be finished off flush and level
with the edges of the brick, tiles or stones so as to give a smooth appearance. The
edges shall be neatly trimmed with a trowel and straight edge. Unless otherwise
specified, flush pointing shall be adopted for drains and brick on edge paving.

c) Raised and cut pointing

Raised and cut pointing shall project from the wall facing with its edges cut parallel
so as to have a uniformly raised band about 6 mm raised and width 10 mm or
more as directed. The superfluous mortar shall be cut off from the edges of the
lines and the surface of the masonry shall also be cleaned off all mortar. Unless
otherwise specified, raised and cut pointing shall be adopted for stone masonry
pointing, and shall be provided along the Centre line of the joint profile.

10.5 Curing

The pointing shall be kept wet for 7 days.

 SPECIFICATIONS FOR ROAD WORKS BITUMINOUS ROADS
1.0 SCOPE

This specification covers the general requirements for the materials and construction of
soling, water bound Macadam course and bituminous surface treatment of roads.

2.0 APPLICABLE CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 The following specifications, standards and codes are made a part of this specification. All
standards, specifications, codes of practices referred to herein shall be the latest edition
including all applicable official amendments and revision. In case where the requirements
of this specification conflict with the requirements of those referred to herein, this
specification shall govern.

IS:73 : Specification for Paving Bitumen

IS:215 : Specification for Road Tar

IS:217 : Specification for Cutback Bitumen

IS:454 : Specification for Digboi type Cutback Bitumen

IS:460
(Parts 1 to 3) : Specification for Test Sieves

IS:1077 : Common burnt clay building bricks - specification

IS:1124 : Method of test for determination of water absorption apparent

specific gravity and porosity of natural building stones.

IS:1195 : Specification for Bitumen Mastic for Flooring.

IS:1196 : Code of Practice for Laying Bitumen Mastic for Flooring

IS:1834 : Specification for Hot Applied Sealing Compounds for Joints in

Concrete.

IS:2386
(Parts 1 to 8) : Methods of tests for aggregates for concrete.

IS:2720
(Part 5) : Methods of Test for Soils : Part 5
Determination of Liquid and Plastic Limit

IS:6241 : Method of test for determination of stripping value of road aggregates

IRC:16 : Specification for priming of base course with bituminous primers

IRC:17 : Tentative specification for single coat bituminous surface dressing.

IRC:19 : Standard specifications and code of practice for water bound

macadam
 IRC:29 : Specification for bituminous concrete (Asphaltic concrete) for road
pavement.

Ministry of
surface
Transport
(Roads Wing) : Specifications for road and bridge works

2.2 All earthwork shall be according to component specifications 2.2.B "Earthwork in

grading, excavation & backfilling"

3.0 MATERIALS
3.1 General

3.1.1 All materials shall be obtained from local sources and shall be subject to ARCHITECT /
PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE's approval prior to use.

3.2 Soling Stone

It shall be clean, sound, dense, hard tough, durable stone of uniform quality free from
unsound material, cracks, decay and weathering. Water absorption shall not be more than
5 percent. The stone shall be in the smallest dimension equal to thickness of the soling
course specified with a tolerance of 25 mm. Soling stone shall be sufficiently flat bedded.
The height of the soling stone shall be equal to the specified thickness of soling. The
length and breadth shall not exceed twice the specified thickness.

3.3 Stone Aggregate / Metal

3.3.1 Coarse aggregate, stone chippings shall consist of natural or crushed stone, clean, hard,
tough, durable and free from excess of flat, elongated, soft and disintegrated particles,
dirt, salt, alkali, vegetable matter, adherent coatings, organic and other objectionable
matter. This shall conform to the physical requirements given in Tables 1 or 2 hereunder,
as applicable. Aggregate for bituminous/asphalt-base wearing courses shall in addition
have good hydro-phobic properties i.e. capacity of retaining the film of bituminous material
applied to the stone in all weather conditions and especially in wet conditions. Basalt,
dolerite are good in this respect; granite, quartzite are comparatively poor.

Table-1
Physical Requirements of Coarse Aggregate for Water Bound
Macadam (Sub Base / Base Course)

Sl. No. Test Requirements Test Method

1. Los Angles Abrasion 50 percent (max.) IS:2386 (Part-IV)
Value* OR
Aggregate Impact 40 percent (max.) IS:2386 (Part-IV)
Value* OR
IS:5640 ***

2. Flakiness Index** 15 percent (max.) IS:2386 (Part-I)

(*) Aggregate may satisfy requirements of either of two tests.

(**) Requirements of flakiness index shall be enforced only in case of crushed broken
stone.
(***) Aggregates like brick metal, kankar, laterite etc. which get softened in presence of
water shall be tested for Impact Value under wet conditions in accordance with
IS:5640.
 Table-2
Physical Requirements of Aggregates for Bituminous/Asphalt-base Wearing Course

Sl. Test Requirements Test Method

No.
(a) Los Angles Abrasion 40 percent (max.) IS:2386 (Part-IV)
Value* OR
Aggregate Impact Value* 30 percent (max.) IS:2386 (Part-IV)
(b) Flakiness Index** 35 percent (max.) IS:2386 (Part-I)
(c) Stripping Value 25 percent max. IS:6241
(d) Water Absorption 2 percent max. IS:2386 (Part-III)
(e) Soundness

Loss with Sodium 12 percent max. IS:2386(Part-V)

Sulphate - 5 cycles
Loss with Magnesium 18 percent max. IS:2386(Part-V)
Sulphate- 5 cycles

(*) Aggregate may satisfy requirements of either of two tests.

(**) Requirement of flakiness index shall be enforced only in case of crushed broken
stone.

3.3.2 The coarse aggregate for water bound Macadam shall confirm to one of the gradings
given in Table-3 below:

Table-3
Grading Requirements Of Coarse Aggregates for Water Bound Macadam

Grading Size Range Sieve Percent by Weight

No. Designation Passing the Sieve
1. 90 mm to 45 mm 125 mm 100
90 mm 90 -100
63 mm 25 -60
40 mm 0 -15
22.4 mm 0 -5
2. 63 mm to 45 mm 40 mm 100
63 mm 90 -100
53 mm 25 -75
45 mm 0 -15
22.4 mm 0 -5
 3. 53 mm to 22.4 mm 63 mm 100
53 mm 95 -100
45 mm 65 -90
22.4 mm 0 -10
11.2 mm 0 -5

3.4 SCREENINGS FOR WATER BOUND MACADAM

3.4.1 Screenings to fill voids in the coarse aggregate shall consist of the same materials as the
coarse aggregate. However, where permitted, predominantly non-plastic material such as
murum or gravel (other than river borne material) may be used for this purpose provided
liquid limit and plasticity index of such material is below 20 and 6 respectively and fraction
passing 75 micron sieve does not exceed 10 percent.

3.4.2 Screenings shall conform to the gradings set forth in Table-4. Screenings of Type-A in
Table-4 shall be used with coarse aggregate of grading 1 in Table-3. Screenings of Type
A or B, as directed, shall be used with coarse aggregates of grading 2. Type-B screenings
shall be used with coarse aggregates of grading 3.

Table-4
Gradings For Screenings

Grading Size Sieve Percent by Weight

Classification Screenings Designation Passing the Sieve
A 12.5 mm 12 .5 mm 100

10 .0 mm 90-100

4.75 mm 10 -30

150 micron 0 -8

B 10 mm 10 mm 100

4.75 mm 85-100

150 micron 10 -30

The use of screening shall be omitted in the case of soft aggregates such as brick metal,
kankar, laterites etc. as they are likely to get crushed to a certain extent under rollers.
3.5 BINDING MATERIAL

3.5.1 Binding material shall comprise of a suitable material approved by ARCHITECT

/PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE, having plasticity index value of less
than 6 as determined in accordance with IS:2720 (Part-V).

3.5.2 Application of binding material may not be necessary, when the screenings used are of
crushable type such as murum or gravel.

3.6 MURUM / KANKAR / GRAVEL / SAND

3.6.1 Murum shall contain low plasticity binder material mixed with hard granular particles such as
sand and or gravel. Murum shall be sound and hard of a quality not affected by weather, to be
screened at the quarry and free from all impurities. Large lumps shall all be broken at the
quarry and murum delivered at site must pass in every direction through a 63 mm ring. Murum
shall not contain more than 5% to 8% of fines passing a 75 micron sieve.

3.6.2 Gravel shall be composed of large, coarse, siliceous grains, sharp and gritty to the touch,
thoroughly free from dirt, organic and deleterious matter. It shall be hard, tough, dense
and shall not contain particles bigger than 12 mm and more than 10 percent silt.

3.6.3.1 Sand used for blinding the bituminous road surface, shall be coarse, sharp, gritty, clean,
granular material. Only material passing through 4.75 mm sieve and retained on 75
micron sieve shall be used.

3.7 BITUMINOUS / ASPHALT MATERIALS

Bituminous / Asphalt materials shall conform to IS:73, IS:215, IS:217 or IS:454 as
applicable and be of the grade specified in this specification.

4.0 WORKMANSHIP AND EXECUTION

4.1 CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE

It is the intent of this specification that the water bound Macadam road be constructed
first. This shall then be opened to traffic, as directed by EMPLOYER/ ARCHITECT
/PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE. After such period of time as decided
by EMPLOYER/ARCHITECT / PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE,
preferably when the major construction and/or erection activities within project limits are
over, CONTRACTOR / SUB-CONTRACTOR shall rectify all defects, wear and tear, etc.
and surface the road with finishing treatment as specified in the drawings.

4.2 EARTHWORK

4.2.1 EARTHWORK IN EXCAVATION

4.2.2 In general the Excavation shall be in accordance with specification D1 Earthwork in

grading, excavation and backfilling.

4.2.3 Profiles of road excavation shall be laid at 50 m intervals to conform to the required
alignment, sections, grades and side slopes and the lines of cuts shall be clearly marked.

4.2.4 CONTRACTOR / SUB-CONTRACTOR shall on no account excavate beyond the slopes or

below the specified grade unless so directed by the ARCHITECT / PROJECT MANAGER /
THEIR REPRESENTATIVE in writing. If excavation is done below the specified level or
outside the section it shall not be paid for and the CONTRACTOR / SUB-CONTRACTOR shall
be required to fill up at his own cost such extra excavation with approved materials, in layers of
150 to 200 mm, watered and compacted as specified for the subgrade.
4.2.5 The excavation shall be finished neatly, smoothly and evenly to the correct lines, grades,
sections and side slopes as shown in the drawings or directed by ARCHITECT /
PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.

4.3 PREPARATION OF SUBGRADE

4.3.1 In general earthwork in subgrade shall conform to specification for earthwork in grading,
excavation and backfilling.

4.3.2 Immediately prior to the laying of the soling the subgrade shall be cleaned of all foreign
substances, vegetation etc. Any ruts or soft yielding patches that appear shall be
corrected and the subgrade dressed off parallel to the finished profile. The camber of
subgrade shall conform in shape to that of the finished road surface. Camber boards shall
be used to get the required section.

4.3.3 The prepared subgrade shall be lightly sprinkled with water, if necessary, and rolled with
power roller of' not less than 10 tonnes, till the soil is evenly consolidated to 95% of
Modified Proctor density with 2% variation in optimum moisture content. Roller shall pass
minimum 5 runs on the subgrade. Rolling shall commence at the edges and progress
towards the centre longitudinally. Each pass of the roller shall uniformly overlap not less
than one third of the track made in the preceding pass. Any undulations in the surface that
develop due to rolling shall be made good with approved earth and subgrade rerolled.

4.4 SOLING

4.4.1 Soling shall not be constructed on a wet subgrade.

4.4.2 Unless otherwise specified, the width of the soling shall be 230 mm more on either side
than that of the waterbound macadam wearing course and the finished thickness of the
soling course shall be 150mm below WBM course and 250mm below paved block areas
as shown in the drawing.

4.4.3 The soling stones shall be laid with the largest face downwards and in contact with each
other. The stones shall break joint as far as possible. The height of the soling stone shall
be equal to specified thickness of soling.

4.4.4 As the laying of rubble advances the soling shall be hand packed by wedging and packing
with 80 mm metal in the joints of the soling and driving them by hammers in place so as to
fill the voids as completely as possible. This operation of hand packing shall closely follow
the rubble laying. The soling shall be laid and hand packed true to grade and section and
these shall be often checked by boning rods, template boards and fish line etc. The
grades, sections etc. of the soling shall correspond to those of the surfacing coming on it.
The soling thus laid shall be finished by knocking out projecting stones and filling
depressions by chips to come up to the grade and camber.

4.4.5 The quality of the 80 mm metal shall be same as specified for the soling and the longest
dimension shall not be more than 100 mm and the shortest dimension not less than 50 mm.

4.4.6 The soling after it is properly laid and hand packed including filling of voids with 80 mm
metal shall be rolled dry with 10 - 12T power roller to refusal i.e. till the stones in the soling
course cease to move under the roller and no more compaction can be achieved. Rolling
shall start at the edges and work towards the centre. The roller shall run over the same
surface of rolling for at least 8 times till the soling course is well consolidated. The surface
shall be checked by templates and in case of unevenness high spots shall be knocked out
 and depressions filled by spalls and recompacted fully. Bunds shall be laid along the
edges and compacted before starting rolling on soling to prevent spreading of stones.

4.4.7 Gravel shall be spread in thin layers over the above prepared soling surface, swept into
the interstices with brooms, watered lightly to assist the filling of voids. Spreading of
gravel, sweeping and watering shall continue till the interstices are completely filled. At all
times only enough water shall be sprinkled to force the gravel into the voids and never so
much as to soften the subgrade. The process of gravel filling shall be accompanied by
rolling an for dry rolling of soling with a power roller weighing not less than 10 tonnes
starting at edge and working towards the centre. The roller shall run over the same
surface for at least eight times. Each pass of the roller shall uniformly overlap not less
than one third of the track made in the preceding pass. The surface shall be checked with
templates of approved design (to be provided by CONTRACTOR/SUB-CONTRACTOR)
and high and low spots corrected by removing soling and repacking.

4.5 WATER BOUND MACADAM COURSE

4.5.1 The surface over which water bound Macadam is to be laid shall be prepared to the
specified grade and camber and made free of dust and other extraneous material. Any
ruts or soft yielding places shall be corrected in an approved manner and rolled until firm.
To prevent the spreading of the course aggregate during rolling, if necessary, two parallel
mud walls 200 mm wide and of height equal to uncompacted Macadam course shall be
made along the outer edges of the Macadam course having a clear distance between
them equal to the width to be metalled.

4.5.2 W.B.M. SUB-BASE COURSE The course aggregate for this shall conform to
requirements of sub-base in Table-1 and its grading shall conform to Grading 1 of Table-3
and screening to Type B of Table-4. The total consolidated thickness of the sub-base
course shall be as specified in the drawings.

4.5.3 W.B.M. BASE COURSE: The coarse aggregate for this shall normally conform to
requirements for Base in Table-1 and its grading shall confirm to Grading 3 of Table-3 and
screening to Type B of Table-4. The total consolidated thickness of the base course shall
be as specified.

4.6 Spreading Coarse Aggregate

4.5.4 The coarse aggregate shall be spread uniformly and evenly upon the prepared surface in
such quantities that the thickness of each compacted layer does not exceed 75 mm or as
otherwise specified. In no case, however, shall the thickness of each compacted layer
exceed 100 mm.

4.5.5 The spreading shall be done from stockpiles by raking the stacks with rakes so as to
leave behind mud and dust. In no case shall the aggregate be dumped in heaps directly
on the surface prepared to receive the aggregate nor shall hauling over uncompacted or
partially compacted sub-base/base be permitted. The surface of the aggregates spread
shall be fully checked with templates and all high or low spots remedied by removing or
adding aggregate as may be required. No segregation of large or fine aggregates shall be
allowed and the coarse aggregate as spread shall be of uniform gradation with no pockets
of fine material. The surface shall be checked frequently with a straight edge while
spreading and rolling so as to ensure a finished surface as per approved plan. The coarse
aggregate shall not normally be spread in lengths exceeding 3 days' average work ahead
of the rolling and bonding of the proceeding section.
4.7 ROLLING
Following the spreading of the coarse aggregate, rolling shall be started with three wheeled
power rollers of not less than 10 tonne capacity or tandem or vibratory roller of approved type.
Rolling shall begin from the edges and gradually progress towards the centre. First the
edges/edge shall be compacted with roller running forward and backward and then move
inwards parallel to the centre line of the road, in successive passes uniformly lapping
preceding tracks by at least one half width. Rolling shall be discontinued when the
aggregates are partially compacted with sufficient void space in them to permit application
of screenings. During rolling slight sprinkling of water may be done, if necessary. Rolling
shall not be done when the subgrade is soft or yielding or when it causes a wave-like
motion in the subgrade or sub-base. The rolled surface shall be checked transversely and
longitudinally with templates and all undulations shall be corrected by loosening the
surface, adding or removing necessary amounts of aggregate and rerolling until the entire
surface conforms to desired camber and grade. In no case shall the use of screenings be
permitted to make up depressions. Material that crushed excessively during compaction
or becomes segregated shall be removed and replaced with suitable aggregates. It shall
be ensured that shoulders are also built-up simultaneously along with water bound
macadam course.

4.8 Application of Screenings

After the coarse aggregate has been rolled in accordance with clause 4.7, screenings to
completely fill the interstices shall be applied gradually over the surface. These shall not
be damp or wet at the time of application. Dry rolling shall be done while the screenings
are being spread so that vibrations of the roller cause them to settle into the voids of the
coarse aggregate. The screenings shall not be dumped in piles but be spread uniformly in
successive thin layers. Screenings shall be applied at a slow and uniform rate (in three or
more applications) so as to ensure filling of all voids. This shall be accompanied by dry
rolling and brooming with mechanical brooms, hand brooms or bother. In no case shall
screenings be applied so fast and thick as to form cakes and ridges on the surface in such
a manner as would prevent filling of voids or prevent the direct bearing of the roller on the
coarse aggregate. These operations shall continue until no more screenings can be
forced into the voids of the coarse aggregate. Spreading, rolling and brooming of
screenings shall be carried out in only such lengths of the road that could be completed
within one day's operation.

4.9 Sprinkling and Grouting

4.9.1 After the screenings have been applied, the surface shall be copiously sprinkled with water,
swept and rolled. Hand brooms shall be used to sweep the wet screenings into voids and
to distribute them evenly. The sprinkling, sweeping and rolling operations shall be
continued, with additional screenings applied as necessary, until the coarse aggregate
has been thoroughly keyed, well bonded and firmly set in its full depth and a grout has
been formed of screenings. Care shall be taken to see that the sub-grade or sub-base
does not get damaged due to the addition of excessive quantities of water during
construction. In case the subgrade or sub-base gets damaged, the CONTRACTOR /
SUB-CONTRACTOR shall, without additional compensation rectify the damaged portion.

4.10 Application of Binding-Material

After the application of screenings in accordance with Clauses 4.8 and 4.9, the binding
material where it is required to be used (See Clause 3.5.2) shall be applied successively
in two or more thin layers at a slow and uniform rate. After each application, the surface
shall be copiously sprinkled with water, the resulting slurry swept in with hand brooms or
mechanical brooms to fill the voids properly and rolled, during which water shall be
applied to the wheels of the rollers, if necessary, to wash down the binding material
sticking to them. These operations shall continue until the resulting slurry after filling of
voids, forms a wave ahead of the wheels of the moving roller.
4.11 Setting and Drying
After the final compaction of water bound macadam course it shall be allowed to dry
overnight. Next morning hungry spots shall be filled with screenings or binding material as
directed, lightly sprinkled with water if necessary and rolled. No traffic shall be allowed on
the road until the macadam has set.

4.12 Multiple Layered Course

When the total consolidated thickness of the water bound Macadam course is more than
100 mm, it shall be constructed in layers. Each layer shall be constructed as per all the
operations described in the above Clauses 4.5 to 4.11. The same degree of quality control
and refinement shall be used for constructing each layer.

4.13 PREMIXED ASPHALTIC CARPET

4.13.1 This work shall consist of constructing premixed asphaltic carpet to the following
specifications on a previously prepared base as per following.
a. 40mm thick asphalt base course as per grading II in Table-5.

b. 15mm thick asphalt wearing course as per grading I in Table 5.

4.13.2 MATERIALS

4.13.2.1 Binder
This shall be paving bitumen of suitable penetration grade within the range S 35 to S
90 or A 35 to A 90 (30-40 to 80/100) as per Indian Standard for 'Paving Bitumen'
IS:73. The actual grade of bitumen to be used shall be decided by the ARCHITECT
/consultants / Engineer appropriate to the region, traffic, rainfall and other
environmental conditions.

4.13.2.2 Course Aggregate

It shall be crushed material retained on 2.36 mm (No. 8 ASTM) sieve and shall be
crushed stone or gravel (shingle) and shall be as per Clause 3.3 and satisfy the
physical requirements set forth in Table-2.

4.13.2.3 Fine Aggregates

The fine aggregates shall be the fraction passing 2.8 mm sieve and retained on 90
micron sieve consisting of crusher run screenings, natural sand or mixture of both.
These shall be clean, hard, durable, uncoated, dry and free form any injurious, soft or
flaky pieces and organic or deleterious substances.

4.13.2.4 Filler
The filler shall be an inert material, the whole of which passing 710 micron, sieve, at
least 90 percent passing 180 micron sieve and not less than 70 percent passing 90
micron sieve. The filler shall be stone dust, cement, hydrated lime, fly ash or any other
nonplastic mineral matter approved by the ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER /
THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.

4.13.2.5 MINERAL AGGREGATE GRADATION

The mineral aggregates including mineral filler shall be so graded or combined as to
confirm to the either of the limits set forth in Table-5 below :

Mineral Aggregate Gradation For Bituminous Concrete/Asphalt Carpet

Sieve Size Percent by Weight Passing the

Sieve
 Grading - 1 Grading 2

20 mm -- 100
12.5 mm 100 80 -100
10 mm 80 -100 70-90
4.75 mm (No.4 ASTM) 55-75 50-70
2.36 mm (No.8 ASTM) 35-50 35-50
600 micron (No.30 ASTM) 18-29 18-29
300 micron (No.50 ASTM) 13-23 13-23
150 micron (No.100 ASTM) 8 -16 8 -16
75 micron (No.200 ASTM) 4 -10 4 -10

4.13.3 MIX DESIGN

Apart from conformity with the grading and quality requirements of individual ingredients,
the asphaltic concrete mix shall meet the requirements set forth in Table-6 hereunder.

4.13.4 WEATHER AND SEASONAL LIMITATIONS

Asphalt concrete shall not be laid during rainy weather or when the base course is damp
or wet.

Table-6
Requirements of Asphaltic Concrete Mix

Sl.No. Description Requirements

1. Number of compaction blows, each end of 50
Marshalling specimen
2. Marshall stability (ASTM Designation-D- 340 kg (min.)
1559) determined on Marshal specimen
3. Marshall flow (mm) 2 -4
4. Percent Voids in mix 3 -5
5. Percent voids in mineral aggregate filled 75 -85
with bitumen
6. Binder content percent by weight of mix 5-7.5

The CONTRACTOR/SUB-CONTRACTOR shall intimate to the ENGINEER / ENGINEERS

REPRESENTATIVE in writing, well in advance of the start of work, the job-mix-formula
 proposed to be used by him for the work and shall give following details to the
ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE for his approval.

Source and location of all materials Proportions of all materials expressed as follows
where each is applicable :

Binder as percentage by weight of total mix

Course aggregate
as percentage by weight of total
Fine aggregate
aggregate including mineral filler
Mineral filler

A single definite percentage passing each sieve for the mixed aggregate

The results of the best enumerated in Table-6 as obtained by the

CONTRACTOR/SUB-CONTRACTOR.

Test results of physical characteristics of aggregates to be used.

Should a change in the source of material be proposed, a new job mix formula shall
be stablished and got approved from the ARCHITECT / PROJECT MANAGER /
THEIR REPRESENTATIVE before actual using the materials.

4.13.5 PREPARATION OF BASE

The base on which premix carpet is to be laid shall be prepared, shaped and conditioned
to the specified lines, grade and cross section by repairing all potholes or patches and
ruts. The potholes shall be drained of water and cut to regular shape with vertical sides.
All loose and disintegrated material shall be removed. The pothole shall then be filled
either with (i) coarse aggregate and screenings conforming to Clause 3.0 and compacted
with heavy hand rammers or approved mechanical tempers or (ii) premixed chippings
binders (bitumen grade 80/100) content of 3 percent by weight of total mix, after painting
the sides and bottom of the holes with a thin application of bitumen, or a combination of
both (i), (ii) as directed by EMPLOYER / ARCHITECT / PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR
REPRESENTATIVE. The surface shall be thoroughly swept and scraped clean and free
of dust and other foreign matter.

4.13.6 TACK COAT

The binder used for tack coat shall be bitumen of suitable penetration grade within 30/40
to 80/100 confirming to IS:73. The actual grade of bitumen to be used shall be decided by
the ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE, appropriate to the
region, traffic, rainfall and other environmental conditions. Binder shall be heated to the
temperature appropriate to its grade and as approved by the ARCHITECT /PROJECT
MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE. The binder shall be sprayed on the prepared
based at the rate of 1.0 kg/sq.m. The binder shall be applied uniformly with the aid of
either self propelled or towed bitumen pressure sprayer with self heating arrangement and
spraying nozzle arrangement capable of spraying bitumen at the above specified rate and
temperature so as to provide uniform unbroken spread of bitumen. The tack coat shall be
applied just ahead of oncoming premixed asphalt carpet.

4.13.7 PREPARATION OF MIX AND LAYING

4.13.7.1 Of mix plant of adequate capacity and capable of producing a proper and uniform
quality mix shall be used for preparing the mix. The plant may be either a weigh batch
type or volumetric proportioning continuous or drum mix type. The stone aggregate
shall be surface dry and contain not more than 2 percent moisture before use. It shall
 be first screened of dust and measured in boxes, heated to 155 Deg. C - 163 Deg. C
and then loaded into the drum mixer according to the capacity of the mixing drum in
the proportion specified. The binder shall be heated to 140 Deg. C to 177 Deg. C in
boilers and maintained at that temperature. At no time shall the difference in
temperature between the aggregate and binder exceed 14 Deg. C. The heated binder
shall be drawn from the boiler into a suitable container or in a bucket gauged to show
the weight of bitumen in it.

4.13.7.2 Mixing shall be done in two stages. The coarse aggregate of the correct standard size
and in the proportion as specified shall be fed into the mixer to which 2/3rd of the total
specified quantity of bitumen heated to the appropriate temperature shall be added.
When the coarse aggregate is well coated, the fine aggregate in the specified
proportion followed by the balance 1/3rd quantity of total bitumen shall be fed into the
mixer. Mixing shall be continued until a homogeneous mix is produced and all
particles are uniformly coated with bitumen.

4.13.7.3 The hot mix shall be discharged from the mixer carried to the point of use in suitable
tippler vehicles and shall be spread by means of a self propelled mechanical paver
with suitable screeds capable of spreading, tamping and finishing the mix to specified
lines and levels to a thickness sufficient to achieve after consolidation the specified
thickness. Temperature of the mix at the time of laying shall be in the range of 120
Deg. C - 160 Deg. C. However, in restricted locations and in narrow width where
available equipment cannot be operated in the opinion of the ARCHITECT /PROJECT
MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE, he may permit manual laying of the mix.
Longitudinal joints and edges shall be constructed true to the delineating lines parallel
to the centre line, of the road. Longitudinal joints shall be offset by at least 150 mm
from those in the binder course (tack coat). All joints shall be cut vertical to the full
thickness of the previously laid mix and the surface painted with hot bitumen before
placing fresh material.

4.13.7.4 Rolling
Immediately after the spreading of mix it shall be thoroughly compacted by rolling with
a set of rollers moving at a speed not more than 5 km per hour. The initial or break
down rolling shall be with 8-12 ton three wheel roller and the surface finished by final
rolling with the 8-10 ton tendem roller. Preferably before finishing with tendem,
breakdown rolling shall be followed by an intermediate rolling with a fixed wheel
pneumatic roller of 15 to 30 ton having a tyre pressure of 7 kg. per cm2. The joints and
edges shall be rolled with an 8 to 12 ton three wheel roller. Any high spots or
depressions that become apparent shall be corrected by addition or removal of mix
material. The roller shall uniformly overlap not less than a third of the track made in
the preceding pass. The wheels of the roller shall be moistened with gunny bags to
prevent the mix sticking to the wheels while rolling, but in no case shall fuel lubricating
oil be used for this purpose. Rolling shall be continued till the mix is thoroughly
compacted and all roller marks are eliminated.

4.14 OPENING TO TRAFFIC

Traffic shall be allowed on the road after a lapse of minimum 24 hours, preferably 48
hours after laying as directed by EMPLOYER / ARCHITECT / PROJECT MANAGER /
THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.
4.15 QUALITY
CONTROL General

4.15.1 All materials incorporated and all works performed shall be strictly in conformity with the
specification requirements. All works shall conform to the lines, grades, cross sections
and dimensions shown on the drawings or as directed by the ARCHITECT /PROJECT
MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE subject to the permitted tolerances described
hereinafter. The CONTRACTOR/SUB-CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for the quality
of the work in the entire construction within the Contract. He shall, therefore, have his own
independent and adequate set-up for ensuring the same.

4.15.2 The CONTRACTOR/SUB-CONTRACTOR shall carry out quality control tests on the materials
and work to the frequency specified. In the absence of clear indications about method and/or
frequency of tests for any item, the direction of the ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER /
THEIR REPRESENTATIVE shall be followed and he shall provide necessary co-operation and
assistance in obtaining the samples for test and carrying out the field test as required by the
ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE from time to time. This may
include provision of labour, attendance, assistance in packing and despatching and any other
assistance considered necessary in connection with the test.

4.15.3 For the work of embankment, subgrade and construction of subsequent layer of same or other
material over the finished layer shall be done after obtaining permission from the ARCHITECT
/PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE. Similar permission from the
ARCHITECT / PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE shall be obtained in
respect of all other items of works prior to proceeding with the next stage of construction.

4.15.4 The CONTRACTOR/SUB-CONTRACTOR shall carry out modification in the procedure of

work, if found necessary, as directed by the ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR
REPRESENTATIVE during inspection. Works falling short of quality shall be rectified by
the CONTRACTOR/SUB-CONTRACTOR at his own cost as directed by the ARCHITECT
/PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.

4.15.5 The Contract rate quoted for various items of works in the Bill of Quantities or the
lumpsum amount tendered shall be deemed to be inclusive of all costs of the quality
control tests and operations necessary for ensuring quality of the material and work so as
to be in conformity with the specification requirement.

4.16 Permitted Tolerances

4.16.1 Horizontal Alignments

Horizontal alignments shall be reckoned with respect to the centre line of the carraigeway
as shown on the drawings. The edges of the carraigeway as constructed shall be correct
within a tolerance of + 25 min therefrom. The corresponding tolerance for edges of the
roadway and lower layers of pavement shall be + 40 mm.

4.16.2 Longitudinal Profile

The levels of the subgrade and different pavement courses as constructed, shall not vary
from those calculated with reference to the longitudinal and cross-profile of the road
shown on the drawings or as directed by the ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER /
THEIR REPRESENTATIVE beyond the tolerances mentioned below :

Subgrade 15 mm
Sub-base 20 mm
Base course 15 mm
Wearing course 10 mm
 Provided, however, that the negative tolerance for wearing course shall not be permitted
in conjunction with the positive tolerance for base course if the thickness of the former is
thereby reduced by more than 6 mm.

4.16.3 Surface Regularity

The surface regularity of completed subgrade, sub-bases, base courses and wearing
surfaces in the longitudinal and transverse directions shall he within the tolerances
indicated in Table-7.

The longitudinal profile shall be checked with a 3 metre long straight edge, at the middle
of each traffic lane along a line parallel to the centre line of the road. The transverse
profile shall be checked with a set of three camber boards at intervals of 10 metres.

4.16.4 Rectification
Where the surface irregularity of subgrade and the various courses fall outside the
specified tolerances, the CONTRACTOR / SUB-CONTRACTOR shall be liable to rectify
these in the manner described below and to the satisfaction of the ARCHITECT /
PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.

Subgrade
Where the surface is high, it shall be trimmed and suitably compacted. Where the same is
low, the deficiency shall be corrected by adding fresh material. The degree of compaction
and the type of material to be used shall conform to the Clause 4.7

Water Bound Macadam

Where the surface is high or low, the top 75 mm shall be scarified, reshaped with added
material as necessary recompacted to Clause 4.5. The area treated at a place shall not
be less than 5 metres long and 2 metres wide.

Bituminous Construction
For bituminous construction other than wearing course, where the surface is low, the
deficiency shall be corrected by adding fresh material and recompacting to specifications.
Where the surface is high, the full depth of the layer shall be removed and replaced with
fresh material and compacted to specifications.

For wearing course, where the surface is high or low, the full depth of the layer shall be
removed and replaced with fresh material and compacted to specifications. In all cases
where the removal and replacement of a bituminous layer is involved, the area treated
shall not be less than 5 metre long and not less than 1 lane wide.
 Table-7
Permitted Tolerances of Surface Regularity for
Subgrade and Pavement Courses

Sl. Type of Longitudinal profile with 3 Cross profile metre

No. Construction straight edge
Maximum Maximum number Maximum permissible
permissible of undulations variation from
undulation permitted in any specified profile under
300 metres length camber template
exceeding
Mm mm mm
18 12 10 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1. Earthen 24 30 - - - 15
subgrade
2. Granular / Lime / 15 - 30 - - 12
Cement
stabilised sub-
base
3. Water bound 15 - 30 - -- 12
macadam with
over size metal
(45-90 mm size)
4. Water Bound 12 - - 30 - 8
Macadam with
normal size
metal (22 4-53
mm & 45-63 mm
size)

5. Bituminous 8 - - - 10@ 4
concrete

Notes:
1. @ These are for machine laid surfaces. If laid manually due to unavoidable reasons,
tolerance upto 50 percent above these values in this column may be permitted at t he
discretion of the ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.
However, this relaxation does not apply to the values of maximum undulation for
longitudinal and cross profiles mentioned in columns 3 and 8 on the table.

2. Surface evenness requirements in respect of both the longitudinal and cross profiles
should be simultaneously satisfied.

4.17.0 General
For ensuring the requisite quality of construction, the materials and works shall be subjected to
quality control tests, as described hereinafter. The testing frequencies set forth are the desirable
minimum and the ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE shall have
the full authority to increase the frequencies of tests as he may deem necessary to satisfy himself
that the materials and works comply with the appropriate specifications.

Test procedures for the various quality control tests are indicated in the respective Sections of
these specifications or for certain tests within this section. Where no specific testing procedure is
mentioned, the tests shall be carried out as per the prevalent accepted engineering practice to
the directions of the ARCHITECT /PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.

4.17.2 Tests on Earthwork for Embankment and Subgrade Construction

a) Borrow material

i. Sand Content {IS:2720 (Part IV)}. 1-2 tests per 8000 cu.metres, of soil
ii. Plasticity Test {IS:2720 (Part V)}. Each type to be tested, 1-2 tests per 8000
cu. metres of soil.
iii. Density Test {IS:2720 (Part VII)}. Each soil type to be tested, 1-2 tests per 8000
cubic metres of soil.
iv. Deleterious Content Test {IS:2720 (Part XXVII)}. As and when required by
the ARCHITECT/PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.
v. Moisture Content Test {IS:2720(Part II)}. One test for every 250 cu. metres of soil.
vi. CBR Test on materials to be incorporated in the subgrade on
soaked/unsoaked samples {IS:2720 (Part XVI)}.
vii. One test for every 3000 m3 atleast or closer as and when required by
the ARCHITECT / PROJECT MANAGER / THEIR REPRESENTATIVE.

B) Compaction control
Control shall be exercised by taking at least one measurement of density for each 1000
square metres of compacted area, or closer as required to yield the minimum number of
test results for evaluation a days work on statistical basis. The determination of density
shall be in accordance with IS:2720 (Part XXVIII). Tests locations shall be chosen only
through random sampling techniques. Control shall not be based on the result of any one
test but on the mean value of a set of 5-10 density determinations. The number of tests in
one tests in one set of measurements shall be 5 as long as it is felt that sufficient control
over borrow material and the method of compaction is being exercised. If considerable
variations are observed between individual density results, the minimum number of tests
in one set of measurement shall be increased to 10. The acceptance of work shall be
subject to the condition that the mean dry density equals or exceeds the specified density
and the standard deviation for any set of results is below 0.08 gm/cc.

However, for earthwork in shoulders (earthen) and in top 500 mm portion of the
embankment below the subgrade, at least one density measurement shall be taken for
every 50 square metres of the compacted area provided further that the number of tests in
each set of measurements shall be at least 10. In other respects, the control shall be
similar to that described earlier.

4.17.3 Tests on Sub-Bases and Bases (Excluding bitumen bound bases)

The tests and their frequencies for the different types of bases and sub-base shall be as
given in Table-8. The evaluation of density results for compaction control shall be on lines
similar to those set out in Clause 4.17.2.
 Table-8
Control Tests and Their Frequencies for Sub-Bases
and Bases (Excluding Bitumen Bound Bases)

SI. Types of Test Frequency

No. Construction
1. Granular sub- i. Gradation One test per 200 m3
base
ii. Atterbergs limit One test per 200 m3
iii. Moisture content prior to One test per 250 m2
compaction
iv. Density of compacted One test per 500 m2
layer
v. Deleterious constituents As required
vi. C.B.R. As required
2. Lime/Cement vii. Purity of lime (for One test for each
Stabilised lime-soil stabilisation) consignment subject to
a minimum of one test
per 5 tonnes of lime
viii. Lime/Cement content Regularly, through
procedural checks
ix. Degree of pulverisation Periodically as
considered necessary
x. CBR test on a set of As required
3 specimens
xi. Moisture content prior to One test per 250 m3
compaction

vi. Density of compacted layer One test per 500 m2

3. Water Bound xii. Aggregate Impact One test per 200 m3 of
Macadam Value aggregate
xiii. Grading One test per 100 m3 of
aggregate
xiv. Flakiness Index One test per 200 m3 of
aggregate
xv. Atterbergs limits of One test per 25 m3 of
binding material binding material
4.17.4 Tests On Bituminous Constructions
The tests and their frequencies for the different types of bituminous works shall be as
given Table-9 hereunder.

Table-9
Control Tests and Their Frequency For Bituminous Works

Sl. Types of No. Test Frequency

No. Construction
1. Prime Coat / xvi. Quality of binder As required
Tack Coat
At regular close intervals
Binder temperature for
a application

Rate of spread of binder Two tests per day

2. Seal Coat / xvii. Quality of binder As required
Surface
One test per 50 m3 of
Dressing Aggregate Impact Value
aggregate
One test per 50 m3of
Flakiness Index aggregate
Initially, one set of
Stripping Value of
3 representative
aggregates
specimens for each
source of supply
Subsequently when
Water absorption of
warranted by changes in
aggregates
the quality of aggregate
One test per 25 m3 of
Grading of aggregate aggregate
At regular close intervals
Temperature of binder
of application
One test per 500 m3 of
Rate of spread of
aggregate
materials
3. Bituminous xviii. Quality of binder As required
Concrete /
One test per 50-100 m3
Asphalt Aggregate impact value, of aggregate
Carpet flakiness index and
stripping value of
aggregates
Sl. Types of No. Test Frequency
No. Construction
ONE SET OF TEST ON
Mix-grading INDIVIDUAL
CONSTITUENTS AND
MIXED AGGREGATES
FROM THE DRYER FOR
EACH 100 TONNES OF
MIX SUBJECTS TO A
MAXIMUM OF TWO SETS
PER PLANT PER DAY.
At regular close interval
Control of temperature
of binder in boiler,
aggregate in the dryer
and mix at the time of
laying and rolling
For each 100 tonnes of
Stability of mix (Vide
mix produced a set of
ASTM : D 1559)
three Marshall
specimens to be
prepared and tested for
stability, flow value
density, and void
content, subject to a
minimum of two sets
being tested per plant
per day.
One test for each 100
Binder content and
gradation in the mix tonnes of mix subject to
(Binder content test a minimum of two tests
vide ASTM : D-2172) per day per plant
Regular control through
Rate of spread of mixed
checks on the weight of
material
mixed material and layer
thickness
One test per 500 m2
Density of compacted
area
layer
EPOXY FLOORING

The work contemplated under this contract provides for all items of work included in the
Schedule of Quantities attached hereinafter and specifications detailed herein below:
(b) The work also includes for all minor details of construction which are obviously and fairly
intended and which may not have been referred to in these documents but which are
essential for
the entire completion of work in accordance with Standard Engineering Practice.
(c) Wherever reference to I. S. codes occurs in the specifications reference is to be made to
the latest
revision (edition) thereof.
1) SURFACE PREPARATION
The existing old concrete surfaces should be made free from deep oil contamination and
thermo
plastic coatings. Based on the extent and nature of the contamination present, the surfaces
shall be
prepared mechanically using sand blasting, shot blasting, scarifier or surface grinder and/or
acid
itching with hydrochloric acid followed by thorrough water wash and wire brushing. For oil
spills,
based on the duration and extent, flame treatment, caustic soda wash, detergent wash or
solvent
cleaning shall be used with prior approval.
All dust particles must be removed preferably by vacuum cleaner.
After applying the approved primer, all cracks present, based on the depth of the crack shall
be
filled and levelled either with epoxy putty or mortar. Expansion joints should be brought up
through
the coating.
In case of aged epoxy coatings, detergent wash followed by light sand papering/surface
grinding is
sufficient.
2) Application:
a) Primer coating: One coat of epoxy resin based primer indicated in Schedule A. For 4
square
metres surface area, a minimum 1 Kg primer should be used.
b) Epoxy screed: 3 mm thick chemical and abrasion resistant epoxy resin screed indicate in
Schedule A possessing minimum compressive strength 70 N/mm2, tensile strength 14
N/mm2
and flexural strength 15 N/mm2,. A minimum of 16.5 Kg epoxy resin shall be used per 25
Sq.m for 3 mm thick floor coating.

c) Floor coating: 2 coats of chemical and abrasion resistant epoxy resin based for floor
coating of
180 microns DFT of brands indicate in Schedule A to a minimum of 1 Kg per 2 square
metres
per 2 coats.
4) Guarantee:
The epoxy screed flooring is to be guaranteed for efficacy for a period of 2 (two) years from
the date of
completion of the work. Any defect occur during the guarantee period, shall be rectified by
the
contractor at his own cost to the satisfaction of the Engineer-in-Charge and start his work of
rectification with in 7 days after receipt of information by him.
5) Approved manufacturers of Epoxy flooring materials:
(1) M/S. Fosroc
EPOXY PAINTING
1) Materials: Primer, paint, etc. shall be of approved make, brand, colour and shade and
shall
conform to relevant Indian Standard Specifications.
2) Primer: Primer shall be of metallic zinc pigmented epoxy resin, cold cured and 2 (two)
pack
system consisting of base and hardener film thickness of the primer shall not be less than 40
micron.
3) Main Epoxy paint: It shall be polyamide/Polyamine cured pigmented Epoxy resin of high
build
grade. It shall be of two pack system consisting base and hardener. Dryfilm thickness shall
be
not less than 100 micron per each coat.
4) Workmanship
a) The surface shall be thoroughly cleaned so as to be free from oil, grease, dirt old paint
and all other foreign matter and shall be scoured with wire brushes, fine steel wool
scraper, sand paper, etc. to remove mil scale and rust thus ensuring a clean surface to the
approval of the Engineer-in-Charge. Much time should not be lost between preparation
of surfaces and application of priming coat.
Contractor ....3
-3-
b) The surfaces shall first be given one coat of zinc rich primer. Over this three coats of
epoxy main paint as per manufacturers specifications shall be painted.
5) Mode of measurement:
All the measurements for payment shall be taken on net surface area actually painted,
unless otherwise specified. Deduction will be made from the areas for fixtures, grills,
ventilation,
outlets, electrical boxes and such obstructions not painted, if they are individually more than
0.50 sqm.
Mode of measurement for various classes and types of painting shall be as specified in
IS:1200 unless otherwise specified elsewhere. Where a particular item is not covered by I.S.
,
measurements as per actuals will be taken. Where the doors, widows, ventilators and fixed
panels are of
composite type other than those included in relevant part of latest of I.S. 1200, different
portions shall be
measured separately with their appropriate coefficients, centre line of common rail being
taken as the
dividing line between different portions and the decision of the Engineer-in-Charge in this
regard shall
be final and binding on the contractor.
6) Approved manufacturers of Epoxy Paint:
(1) M/s. Fosroc
Laboratory Test

Soil
To prepare dry soil samples from the field for various laboratory tests IS: 2720 (Part 1) 1983.
To determine water content of soils. IS: 2720 (Part 2) 1973.
DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY IS: 2720 (Part 3 / Sec-1) 1980.
IS: 2720 (Part 4 / Section 3&4)
To determine the Grain size analysis of soils. 1985.
DETERMINATION OF GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS (HYDROMETER METHOD) IS: 2720 (Part 4) 1985.

DETERMINATION OF LIQUID LIMIT BY CASAGRANDE APPARATUS IS: 2720 (Part 5) 1985.

DETERMINATION OF PLASTIC LIMIT AND PLASTICITY INDEX IS: 2720 (Part-5) 1985.
DETERMINATION OF WATER CONTENT- DRY
DENSITY RELATION (HEAVY COMPACTION) IS: 2720 (Part 8) 1983.
LABORATORY DETERMINATION OF
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO IS: 2720 (Part 16) 1979.
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL SOLUBLE SULPHATES
IN SOILS (VOLUMETRIC METHOD) IS: 2720 (Part 27) 1977.
DETERMINATION OF DRY DENSITYOF SOILS
IN PLACE (SAND REPLACEMENT METHOD) IS: 2720 (Part 28) 1974.
DETERMINATION OF FREE SWELL INDEX OF SOILS IS: 2720 (Part 40) 1977.
Bulking of Sand IS :2386
AGGREGATES
DETERMINATION OF INDICES
(FLAKINESS AND ELONGATION) IS: 2386 (Part 1) 1963.
DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY AND VOIDS IS: 2386 (Part 3) 1963.
DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE BULKING OF SAND IS: 2386 (Part 3) 1963.
DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY
OF AGGREGATES (LESS THAN 10MM) IS: 2386 (Part 3) 1963.
DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY
OF AGGREGATES (ABOVE 10MM) IS 2386 (Part 3) 1963.
DETERMINATION OF AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE IS: 2386 (Part 4) 1963.
DETERMINATION OF SOUNDNESS OF AGGREGATES IS: 2386 (Part 5) 1963.
DETERMINATION OF AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE
OF SOFT COARSE AGGREGATES IS: 5640 1970.
DETERMINATION OF TEN PERCENT FINES VALUE BS: 812 (Part 3) 1990.
 TESTS ON CEMENT
DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY IS: 4031- 1988.
DETERMINATION OF FINENESS BY DRY SIEVING IS: 4031 (Part 1) 1996.
DETERMINATION OF SOUNDNESS
(LE- CHATLIER METHOD) IS 4031 (Part 3) 1988.
DETERMINATION OF CONSISTENCY
OF STANDARD CEMENT PASTE IS: 4031 (Part 4) 1988
DETERMINATION OF INITIAL &
FINAL SETTING TIMES IS: 4031 (Part 5) 1988.
DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IS 4031 (Part 6) 1988.

TESTS ON CONCRETE MIX

SLUMP TEST IS: 1199 1959.
DETRMINATION OF COMPACTION FACTOR IS: 1199 -1959 (5.2).
DETRMINATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IS: 516 1959
REBOUND HAMMER TEST IS 13311 (part II)
ULTRASONIC TEST 13311 (part I)
CUTTING CORES IS 1199 and IS 516.

TESTS ON BITUMEN
DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY IS: 1202 1978.
DETERMINATION OF PENETRATION IS: 1203 1978
DETERMINATION OF SOFTENING POINT IS: 1205 1978.
DETERMINATION OF VISCOSITY
(KINEMATIC VISCOSITY) IS: 1206 (Part 3) 1978.
DETERMINTION OF DUCTILITY IS: 208-1978.
DETERMINATION OF FLASH POINT FOR BITUMEN IS: 1209 1978 (3).
DETERMINATION OF FLASH POINT
FOR CUT BACK BITUMEN IS: 1209 1978 (4)
DETERMINATION OF WATER CONTENT
(DEAN AND STARK METHOD) IS: 1211-1978

TEST IN BRICK
Common burnt clay building bricks. IS 1077
Code of practice for brick work. (1st Revision) IS 2212
Specification for burnt clay perforated building bricks. IS 2222
Method of test for burnt clay building bricks. IS 3495
Specification for fly ash for use as pozzolana and admixture. IS 3812
Methods of sampling of clay building bricks. IS 5454
Specification of burnt clay fly ash bricks IS 13757
 Water
pH Value
Acidity
Alkality
Percentage of solids
Chlorides
Suspended matter
Sulphates
Inorganic solids
Organic solids IS 3025
Standard Specification For Sanitary and Water Supply Works

80. General
80.1 Scope
This specification used in conjunction with the contract document, bill of quantities
and drawings establishes the minimum requirement for sanitary and plumbing
work. Reference to other materials standards for compliance shall be interpreted
as an integral part of the specification.
Respective specifications shall apply for items like excavation, concrete, brickwork,
stonework, painting, etc. unless specified otherwise.
Unless otherwise, all exposed work such as cistern brackets, piping etc. shall be
painted with one coat of approved red oxide Zinc Chromate primer and two coats of
flat oil paint.
The prices quoted by the CONTRACTOR shall be deemed to include all breakage
and wastage of various materials, fittings and appliances. All such materials
damaged during the execution of the work or otherwise till handing over shall be
removed by the CONTRACTOR at his own expense.
The price shall also include the cost of making necessary holes, chases etc. in walls,
floors and also making them good on completion of the work. Any damage caused to
the floors, walls etc. during fixing of sanitary installations and plumbing work shall
be made good by the CONTRACTOR at his own cost to the satisfaction of the
Engineer-in-charge.
The CONTRACTOR shall furnish materials, labour, plant, equipment and tools to
complete the work as specified herein and/or as shown in the drawings.
An special requirement as shown or noted in the drawings shall be given preference
over the provision of this specification.

81. Regulations, Codes and Standards

The sanitary and plumbing work shall be in compliance with all applicable federal,
state local laws and regulations.
All sanitary and plumbing work shall be executed by a licensed plumber under the
supervision of a licensed supervisor and shall be in accordance with local municipal
laws / bylaws.
The following Indian Standard Codes unless otherwise specified herein shall be
applicable. In all cases, the latest revision of the codes shall be referred to :
IS:4984 - Specification for high density polyethylene pipes for potable
water supplies, sewage and
industrial effluents.
IS:2556 - Specification for vitreous sanitary appliances
IS:782 - Specification for caulking lead
IS:1239 - Mild steel tubes, tubular and other wrought steel fittings.
IS:2548 - Specification for plastic seats and covers for water closets.

82. Materials
The materials, fittings, appliances used in work shall be as specified here-in-under or
as approved by the Engineer-in-Charge. The CONTRACTOR shall submit the
samples of materials, fittings and appliances for approval of the Engineer-in-
Charge, well in advance of starting of the work. All materials, fittings and
appliances used in the work shall conform to the approved samples.

82.1 Galvanized pipes and fittings

Galvanized steel pipes, fittings and accessories for water services shall be of
tested quality and shall conform to IS:1239. Bottle trap shall be of approved quality,
heavy brass chromium plated trap and made particularly smooth on the inside and
shall have minimum 50 mm water seal and cleaning screw at the bottom.

82.2 High density polyethylene pipes and fittings

High density polyethylene pipes and fittings shall be of tested quality and shall
conform to IS:4894.

82.3 Sanitary appliances

All sanitary appliances shall be of approved type and shall conform to IS:2556.

83. Workmanship
Water Supply
CHAPTER-9 WATER SUPPLY & SANITARY WORK
WC

SS WC, stain-finished or brushed, vandal proof design, for connection inside the unit with flushing
rim. Drain 102mm dia. deep flushing closet with trap, 50mm trap height.

Urinal

S.S Urinal with brass bottle trap, wall discharge pipe, dome grating, spreader with CP waste pipe &
other necessary fittings including pipe from angle valve to urinal with CP brass unions, washers, caps,
MS or CI painted brackets (standard size), CP nuts & bolts etc. complete with making holes in walls
floors and making good the same.
Wash Basin

(a) S.S Wash Basin with R S & CI brackets, painted , as of wash basin, CP brass chain with
rubber plug, 32mm dia CP waste of standard pattern, CP brass bottle trap, union and 32mm
dia S.S concealed/ exposed waste pipe including cutting and making good the walls and floors
wherever required.
(b) Stainless Steel 950 x 400 x 80 1.25mm thick (support 2mm) mirror finish urinal seperator
including rawl plugs, screws or any other approved device for fixing arrangements, making
holes in walls and floors and making good.

Stainless Steel Sink

(a) Stainless Steel Sink with galvanized MS brackets painted with two or more coats of synthetic
enamel paint, 40 mm C.P. brass waste, with plunger, necessary union complete including
cutting and making good the walls wherever required filling the gap with approved type poly
sulphide sealant.
(b) Stainless steel sink Single bowl single drain board stain finish, Overall size 1040x510 mm,
Bowl size 460x410x200 mm including C.P. waste.

Health Faucet
C.P. brass hand spray with lever control (health faucet) and flexible hose 1 m long connection with
C.P. holder for hand spray complete. in all respects.

Standard Body

15 mm C.P. brass long thread bib cock with C.P brass threaded wall flange complete.

Long Body

15 mm C.P. brass long thread bib cock with C.P brass threaded wall flange complete.

Angle Valve

15mm dia C.P. brass angle valve, with C.P. brass wall flange with any other items complete

Copper Connecting Pipe

C.P. 450 mm long copper connecting pipe and brass nuts and washers complete.

Shower Rose

15mm dia C.P. brass Shower Rose with shower arm heavy casted body 190 mm long and C.P brass
threaded wall flange complete.

Single Lever Concealed Diverter

C.P. brass single lever concealed Diverter for shower system, complete.

Spout Heavy Casted Body

C.P. brass Spout heavy casted body with button attachment and built-in flange for telephone shower,
complete.
Towel Ring

C.P. brass Towel Ring fixed to wall with plastic rawl plugs and C.P brass screws.

Towel Rail

Stainless steel Towel Rail (450 mm long and 20 mm dia.), of approved make fixed on the wall with
plastic rawl plugs and SS screws.

Towel Rack

C.P. brass Towel Rail fixed to wall with plastic rawl plugs and C.P brass screws

Mirror

600x450mm beveled edge mirror of superior glass (of approved quality) complete with 6 mm thick
hard board ground fixed to wooden cleats with C.P. brass screws and washers complete.

Twin Rob Hook

C.P. brass cast twin rob hook fixed to wall/door with plastic rawl plugs and C.P brass screws.

Shop dish

C.P. brass Soap Dish fixed to wall with plastic rawl plugs and C.P brass screws.

SS Toilet Paper Holder

C.P. brass finish toilet paper holder with stainless steel roller complete.

Liquid Soap Dispenser (Auto-Sensor)

Stainless steel SS 304 liquid soap dispenser with auto sensor operable on 6V, DC (4AA) cells with
infra red detection, 1200 ml soap holding capacity, and 1 ml drop options, approximate size 140 x 210
x 100 mm complete

Liquid Soap Dispenser (Manually)

Stainless steel SS 304 manually operated liquid soap dispenser with 800 ml soap holding capacity,
and 1 ml drop options, approximate size 100 x 178 x 57 mm complete

Wall Mounted Hand Drier

Fully automatic "NO TOUCH" satin finish stainless steel AISI 316 grade wall mounted hand drier
suitable to operate on 240 volts, single phase 50 hz, A.C. power supply, ( motor rating 100W, 2850
rpm automatic infrared sensing device, 1600W heating element approximate 275 cum/hr air flow
wind velocity 15.5 m/sec.

Brass Deodorant Holder

C.P. brass deodorant holder fixed to wall with PVC rawl plug with C.P. brass screws complete.

Storage Type Electric Type Hot Water Heater

Storage type electric hot water heater made out of heavy gauge steel jacket finished with rust proof
baked-on glossy white enamel paint, inside glass lined heavy gauge copper tank, 25 mm thick
polyurethane foam insulation, thermostatically controlled immersion heater with pilot neon lamp,
replaceable magnesium anode bar, suitable for 8.0 bar maximum working pressure, cold water inlet
and hot water outlet pipe, suitable length of electrical cable and 15 amp 3 pin plug top, complete in all
respect including testing etc. (Horizontal/Vertical)

Water Storage Tank

S.S 304 Grade of Water Storage Tank 10000 Ltrs thickens of 4 mm Sheet Support outer Angle
50x50x6mm And wheel 6 inch break type for making fabrication with welding incl. Nut Bolt
Washer. (App. Wight 2900kg).

83.1 Jointing and laying of galvanised steel water supply pipes

Galvanized steel piping shall be secured by iron or steel clamps and hooks when
fixed on walls. All pipe work shall be completely watertight and the joints shall be
such that there are no projection of jointing materials or the like in the interior of
pipes. Before the pipeline is commissioned, all piping and fittings shall be flushed
clean.

83.2 Installation of Sanitary Appliances

All sanitary appliances shall be fixed in position rigidly on floors and walls as
indicated in the drawings.

83.3 European Water Closet

European type water closet shall be rigidly fixed on the finished floor by means of 75
mm long brass screws with suitable plugs. It shall consist of :
Approved wash down closet in white glazed or earthen ware with integral P or
S trap.
Rubber joints for inlet connection.
Black or any other colour of solid plastic seat and cover with chromium plated of
hinges and rubber buffers.
Low level mosquito proof flushing cistern of 15 litres capacity Fordham or
equivalent make porcelain enamelled with all fittings and accessories with 32 mm
flush chromium plated flush bend.
Porcelain enamelled supporting brackets for cistern.
12 mm lead connection and 12 mm C.P. brass stop cock easy clean type.
Standard toilet paper roll holder of approved type shall be provided, and this shall be
surface mounted type fixed with C.P. counter sunk brass screws.
All the necessary work required for satisfactory working.

83.4 Indian Water Closet (Orissa Pan or approved equivalent)

Water closet shall be fitted on tap and shall be jointed with gasket yarn and cement
mortar. Rim of the pan shall be leveled properly and set flush with the finished floor.
It shall consist of :
a) Best Indian make water closet pan of 685 mm (i.e. 27) size with P or S
trap in white glazed earthenware.
b) Flushing cistern of 15 liters capacity of approved make with 12 mm copper
ball valve, 12 mm inlet connection 12 mm chromium plated brass stop cock
easy clean type C.I. supporting brackets, all assemblies painted in three coats of
approved enamel paint.
c) 32 mm lead lush pipe of appropriate length with necessary brass unions and
wiped soldered joints bend to proper shape and fixed in position in chases and the
chases shall then be finished smooth to match.
d) The brick bat lime or cement concrete required to be filled around the entire
space of the W.C. pan properly rammed and consolidated without damaging the
pan.
e) C.I. soil waste pipe bend with cleaning cap extending up to Gulley Trap Chamber
beyond the "P" trap.
f) The work shall include all the primary works such as cutting and other member,
excavating pits in C.F. for fixing closet pan etc.
g) All other work necessary for satisfactory working of the closet.

83.5 Wash Basins

This shall be the best available type of wash basin of approved manufacturer and
shall consist of following approved accessories:
a) Wash basins of size as specified in the materials schedule and shall be in
vitreous chinaware with or
without anti splash rim with tap holes overflow slit etc.
b) Supporting cast iron brackets.
c) 12 mm chromium plated pillar type of tap with appropriate marks for cold or hot
water.
d) 32 mm chromium plated brass waste coupling with rubber plug and chain.
e) 32 mm chromium plated brass bottle trap with extension pieces and chromium
plated all flanges.
f) 12 mm lead connection with wiped joints and 12 mm C.B. brass stop cock
g) All the accessories wherever necessary shall be painted in 3 coats of approved
enable paint.
h) The wash basin shall have glazed chinaware pedestal whenever so specified in
the material schedule.
i) All the necessary work that will necessary for its satisfactory working.

83.6 Urinals
Standing type urinals shall be firmly fitted on walls by means of 50 mm long brass
screws and suitable plugs. Height of lip from the standing point shall be as shown
on the drawings or as directed.
The arrangements of waste pipes and discharge to the floor trap shall be as shown
on the drawings or as directed. For single urinal the discharge may be direct to the
floor trap through a 40 mm dia waste pipe. For a range of urinals, the discharge
may be collected in a common waste pipe of 50 mm dia leading to the floor trap.
Each urinal shall be connected to the common discharge pipe by 40 mm dia
waste pipes.
Alternatively, the discharge from each urinal through 40 mm dia pipe shall be led to a
half round channel bed on the floor leading to the floor trap.
The urinals shall consist of the following:
a) Vitreous chinaware long flat back or as specified in the Bill of Quantities.
b) 32 mm chromium plated brass waste coupling
c) Suitable supporting arrangement
d) All other necessary work for satisfactory working.

Other miscellaneous fittings (i.e. mirror, towel rails, marble partitions soap cases
etc.)
All such fittings shall be of types and sizes as approved by the Engineer-in-Charge
and shall be fitted in position true to line, level and plane as shown on the drawings
or as directed.

83.7 Sink
Stainless steel sink of size as indicated in the drawing shall be levelled properly and
fitted in position on a pair of cast iron cantilever brackets firmly embedded in wall in
cement mortar (1:4). The sink shall be fitted with chromium plated brass waste
fittings of standard size. The type of waste pipes and their connections shall be as
shown on drawings or as directed.

83.8 Bib and Stop Cocks

Bib and stop cocks of screw-down type shall conform to IS:781. All taps shall be of
heavy grade. The taps shall be chromium plated brass or ordinary brass easy
cleaning type as specified.

83.9 H.C.I. Nahni Trap (Floor trap)

Nahni trap shall be of heavy cast iron as per IS:3989 with 100 mm inlet and
80/100 mm outlet with CP proposed steel grating. It shall be of self cleaning design
(Grating shall be of either hinged or screwed down type). It shall be fixed in cement
mortar 1:2 and as directed by Engineer-in-Charge.

83.10 Stoneware Gully Trap Chamber

The square mouth gully trap shall be of 100 mm dia conforming to IS: 651 as
specified and/or approved quality stoneware complete with cast iron grating and
shall be got approved by the Engineer-in-Charge. The size of CI frame and cover
shall be 100 mmX 300 mm. It shall be properly fixed as directed by the Engineer- in-
Charge.
The size of the chamber shall be 300X300X675 mm (internal). It shall be constructed
of brick masonry walls 115 mm thick in 1:4 cement mortar and M-15 concrete
foundations. Inside and outside faces of the masonry walls shall be plastered with
1:3 cement mortar. The top of the chamber shall be provided with CI cover and
frame.

83.11 Manholes/Inspection Chamber and Valve Chamber

The size of the manholes and valve chambers shall be as specified in the drawings.
It shall be constructed of brick masonry walls of 230 mm thick in 1:4 cement mortar
(1 cement : 4 sand) resting on M15 concrete foundations. The inside and outside
face of the masonry wall shall be plastered with 13 mm thick plaster of 1:3 cement
mortar (1 cement : 3 sand).
The top of the chamber shall be provided with reinforced concrete M20 grade
slab as per drawing and directions of Engineer-in-Charge.
M.S. rungs made out of 16 mm dia M.S. bars shall be fixed inside the manhole as
shown in the drawing after applying two coats of anticorrosive paint.
Valve chambers shall be provided and fixed with a light duty CI cover and frame.
The top of chamber shall be provided with reinforced cement concrete M15 grade
as per drawings and direction of Engineer-in-Charge.
The C.I. manhole covers and frames shall conform to IS:726. The type, size and
grade shall be as per drawings and directions of Engineer-in-Charge.
The frame shall be fixed in position during concreting of top slab, inside faces of
frame and cover shall be given two coats of approved anticorrosive paint.
The specification for brick masonry, plastering, concreting, excavation and back-
filling, etc. as given under relevant clauses shall be applicable for this work also.
83.12 C.I. Soil/Waste Pipes
Cast iron pipe, socket and spigot shall be of standard quality conforming to
IS:3486(heavy duty).
The spigot of the pipe shall be placed fully resting inside the socket and hemp
caulked home to leave space for lead depth as specified. Lead conforming to
IS:782 in molten state shall then be poured into the joint filling the same in one
pouring. The lead shall be caulked by proper tools to make it even all round. Depth
of lead in the joints from the top of the socket shall be 37 mm for 150 mm dia pipes,
25 mm for 100 mm and 80 mm dia pipes. All pipes shall be fixed 25 mm clear of
the wall with MS clamps or as approved by the Engineer-in-Charge. All holes in
walls and floors shall be made good by cement concrete M15 grade and should be
leak proof. All soil and waste pipes shall be tested for leakage by hydraulic test. The
pipes shall be concealed in wall wherever required as shown in scope drawings.
All pipes shall be painted with two coats of paint of approved make and shade over a
coat of primer.

83.13 C.I./Soil/Vent Pipes

CI pipes shall be of standard quality conforming to IS:1729.The supply shall
include all necessary accessories, e.g., bends, tees, etc. complete.
Jute yarn gasket of suitable diameter shall be used as required to support the
spigot of the pipe at the proper grade and make truly concentric joints single piece
of sufficient length shall be used to pass around the pipe and lap at the top and
shall be thoroughly saturated in bitumen. This gasket shall be laid in the socket for
lower third of the circumference of the joint and covered with cement mortar. The
spigot of the pipe thoroughly cleaned with wet brush, inserted and carefully driven
home, after which a small amount of cement mortar (1:2) shall be inserted in the
annular space around the entire circumference of pipe and solidly rammed into
the joint with caulking tool. The joint shall then be completely filled with mortar and
bevelled of at an angle of 450 with outside of the pipe. Cement used for joint shall
conform to IS:269.
All holes in walls and floors shall be made good by cement concrete of M-15 grade.
All CI pipes shall be painted with two coats of anticorrosive bituminous paint
externally.

83.14 Pipes and Fittings

All GI pipes and fittings shall conform to IS:1239 and shall be of medium grade for
water supply system.
All screwed tubes and sockets shall have pipe threads in accordance with the
requirements specified in IS:554. Unless specified otherwise, pipes shall be
supplied screwed with taper threads and sockets with parallel thread.
All fittings shall be malleable galvanised iron approved by the Engineer-in-Charge.
Fittings in GI line shall includes all couplings, elbows, tees, bends, unions, nipples,
reducers, flanges with nuts & bolts and rubber insertions, bushes and all other
fittings to make a complete job.
Screwed GI pipes shall be jointed with screwed socket joints using screwed fittings.
Care shall be taken to take any burr from the end of the pipes after threading. White
lead with a few strands of fine hemp shall be applied while tightening. Compounds
containing red lead shall not be used.
All pipes above ground shall be fixed with GI holders bat clamps clear off the wall at
1.2 m centres. If the pipes are fixed with chases or embedded in wall, they shall be
secured in position by iron hooks at 1.2 m centres. All visible pipes and clamps
within and outside building shall be painted with two coats of white paint or
aluminium paint as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge.
All underground pipes shall have a minimum earth cover of 600 mm or as
directed by the Engineer-in- Charge. Before any pipes are painted or covered up
they shall be tested to a hydro-static pressure of 6 kg/sqcm.

83.15 Gun Metal Valve

All full way and globe valves shall be heavy gunmetal and tested at 300 psi and shall
be approved by the Engineer-in-Charge. Valves shall conform to IS:778. Size of
valve chamber shall be as per item description. Construction of valve chamber shall
be carried out as detailed in clause 13 above. Valve chamber shall be provided and
fixed with heavy duty CI surface box conforming to IS:3950. The surface box shall be
hinged pin open type and shall be fixed in the chamber slab. It shall have a hole for
opening.

83.16 Half Round Channel

Half round channel shall be plain or with stop end and shall have internal dia of 100
mm approved by the Engineer-in-Charge. The jointing work shall be done with white
cement slurry. The drains shall be provided with proper slopes as indicated in
drawings or as specified by the Engineer-in-Charge. Channel shall be covered with
matching tiles leaving provisions for cleaning the same.

83.17 Marble Partitions

The marble partition shall be 25 mm thick and approved by the Engineer-in-Charge.
The edges of marble shall be fixed in position with cement mortar(1:3) as directed by
Engineer-in-Charge for minimum depth of 100 mm in the wall. It shall be polished
after fixing. Two horizontal faces shall be supported by MS channels of size 35 mm
deep embedded into wall.
83.18 Showers
The shower head shall be chromium plated brass, 100/150 mm dia with holes of one
millimetre diameter each, is sufficiently large for all ordinary requirements. It shall be
fixed at a height of 2.0 m from floor level or as directed by Engineer-in-Charge. It
shall conform to IS:2064.

83.19 R.C.C. Pipe

Materials
For pipe materials, the following specifications shall apply
RCC Pipes & Collars IS : 458
Laying of Pipes IS : 783
For cement, sand, mortar, water etc., the specifications laid down for concrete works
shall apply.
All pipes must be new and perfectly sound, free from cracks, cylindrical, straight
and of standard nominal diameter and length with even texture. Each pipe shall
have one collar with it.
The contractor shall submit manufacturers test certificate whenever demanded
by Engineer-in- Charge or his authorised representative. Spun yarn for pipe joints
shall be of best quality. It shall be from dust etc.

83.20 Transportation and Stacking

The transportation of materials to the work site and stacking shall be done in a
manner to cause minimum inconvenience to the traffic and other construction
works. The pipe shall be protected during handling against impact, shocks and free
fall to avoid cracks and damage.
The contractor shall be fully responsible for the safety and security of materials
transported and stacked in the field.

83.21 Lowering and Laying of Pipes

The laying and joining of pipes shall conform to IS:783. The trench shall be checked
for proper level, gradient and alignment before lowering the pipes.
The pipe shall be lowered cautiously to prevent disturbance of the bed and sides of
the trench. The heavy pipes shall be lowered by means of proper shear legs, chain
pulley blocks or as directed by Engineer-in-Charge. Great care should be taken to
prevent sand etc. from entering the pipes.
Laying of pipes shall proceed upgrade of slopes. The error of grade shall not be
rectified by packing up earth underneath the pipes. If required, concrete shall be
used for packing.
The ends of the pipes shall be kept closed to keep out dirt, mud and foreign
materials. Adequate provision shall be made to prevent floating of pipe in the event
of flooding of trenches.
The body of the pipe for its entire length shall rest on an even bed in the trench and
places shall be excavated to receive the collar for the purpose of jointing.
A few skeins of spun yarn soaked in neat cement wash shall be inserted in the
groove at the end of the pipe and the two adjoining pipes butted against each other.
Collar shall be the slipped over the joint covering equally both the pipes. Spun yarn
soaked in neat cement wash shall be passed round the pipes and inserted in the
joint by means of caulking tools from both ends of the collar.
Cement mortar 1:2(1 cement:2 sand) shall be slightly moistened and must on no
account be soft or sloppy and shall be carefully inserted by hand into the joint. The
mortar shall then be punched and caulked into the joint and more cement mortar
added until the space of the joint has been filled completely with tightly caulked
mortar. The joint shall be finished off neatly outside the collar on both side at an
angle of 450.
The cement mortar joints shall be cured at least for seven days.
All joints in the pipes shall be tested to a head of 1.5 meter of water above the top of
the highest pipe.

84. MS Rungs/CI Steps

The rungs for pits/manholes and septic tanks shall be of MS conforming to Indian
Standard and to the shape and size as shown in the drawings.
CI steps for manholes if needed shall be as per IS:5455
MS rungs shall be coated with 2 coats of approved bituminous paint.

85. Soak Pits

All earth work in excavation, brick work etc. shall conform to relevant IS standard.
 Standard Specification for Drainage and Sewerage

96. General
96.1 Scope
This specification used in conjunction with the contract document, bill of quantities
and drawings establishes the minimum requirement for Drainage and Sewerage
lines.
Any special requirement as shown or noted in the drawing shall be given preference
over the provision of this specification.
The construction of underground sewers shall be done in accordance with the levels
and locations shown in the approved construction drawings.
Manholes shall be provided on sewers as shown in the drawings. The details of
manholes shall also be as per the approved construction drawings
At road crossings where the clear cover from top of sewer pipe to road top elevation
is less than 1200 mm, the pipes shall be encased in M15 concrete as per the
approved detail drawing.

97. Regulations, Codes And Standards

The Drainage And Sewerage Work Shall Be In Compliance With all applicable
federal, state local laws and regulations. The following Indian Standard Codes
unless otherwise specified herein shall be applicable.
IS:1172 - Code of basic requirements for water supply, drainage and
sanitation
IS:1230 - Cast iron rain water pipes and fittings
IS:1742 - Code of practice for building drainage
IS:458 - Specification for pre-cast concrete pipes
IS:4127 - Code of practice for laying of glazed stone ware pipes
IS:651 - Specification for salt glazed stone ware pipe and fittings
IS:3006 - Specification for chemically resistant glazed stone ware pipes
and fittings.
IS:783 - Code of practice for laying of concrete pipes.
IS:1726 - Specifications for cast iron man hole covers and frames.
IS:782 - Specifications for caulking lead
IS:1200 - Mode of Measurements.
98. Hume Pipe
98.1 Material
Concrete pipes shall be non-pressure type and shall be of class NP2 conforming to
IS:458. Minimum dia of the pipe shall be 150 mm. All the pipes shall be true to
shape, straight, perfectly sound and free from cracks and flaws. The external and
internal surface of the pipe shall be smooth.

98.2 Laying of RCC Hume pipe

The pipes shall be laid on concrete bed or cradle and shall be lowered gradually in
the trenches without causing any damage either to the trench, bed concrete or
cradle. Extra earth at joints shall be scooped out to accommodate the collar. The
pipes shall be laid to required levels and alignments throughout the length.
The laying of concrete pipes shall conform to clause 9 of IS:783.

98.3 Joining of RCC Hume pipe

The joints shall be made by using standard collars which shall have surface inside to
have proper grip. The joints shall be packed from either side with spun yarn
dipped in cement slurry thoroughly rammed with caulking tools. Stiff cement
mortar (1:1) shall be filled from both sides and splayed at all angles of 45
degree on both sides. The joints shall be adequately cured and interior of the
pipes shall be cleaned off immediately.

98.4 Testing
The drains shall be tested under a head of at least 2.0 M of water above the crown
of the pipe. A strong approved colour shall be added to the water for testing and
defective pipes shall be replaced. The defective joints shall be made good by cutting
and redoing. The joints where leakage persists, shall be encased in PCC 1:2:4
without any additional cost, wherever permitted. The test for leakage shall be
conducted at least for an hour after application of water head.

99. Stone Ware Pipes

99.1 Material
Salt glazed stone ware pipe and fittings shall conform to IS:651 and IS:3006
respectively. The pipes shall be of best quality stone ware, salt glazed, thoroughly
burnt throughout the whole length and thickness, free from holes, fire blisters,
cracks and other blemishes according to drawings and shall conform to this
specification and IS:6248.

99.2 Laying of Stone Ware Pipes

The laying of stone ware pipelines shall commence only bottom of the trench has
been levelled. The pipes shall be carefully laid to the alignment ,levels and
gradients as shown on the drawings. The laying shall generally conform to IS:1742.
These pipes shall be laid with socket facing up the gradient beginning at the lower
end up and all sockets laid to levels in the holes or scoops out for the purpose. The
pipes shall be hunched with concrete tangentially up to the crown of the diameter of
pipes as shown on the drawings. When the pipe crosses under the road, it shall be
fully encased in concrete as directed by the Engineer-in- charge.

99.3 Jointing of stone ware pipe

The type of jointing for stone ware pipes shall be socket and spigot type and shall be
done as stated under clause 5.6 of IS:1742. This shall be taken up only after final
alignment is made and gradient, invert levels etc. are checked by the Engineer-in-
charge.
The inside of the socket shall be first painted with a thin layer of cement mortar (1:2)
and a gasket of yarn dipped in cement slurry shall be inserted in the socket of the
pipe with a wooden caulking tool and wooden mallet in such a way that the gasket
shall fully encircle the spigot with a slight overlap. When the spigot end receives the
gasket, it shall be wrapped round with two or three turns of treated spun yarn at its
end before being inserted into the socket. The rest of the joint shall then be
completely filled with cement. Sand mortar (1:1) having very little water and the joint
shall be levelled to form a smooth splayed fillet at an angle of 45 degrees. All excess
cement mortar left inside the pipe joint shall be neatly cleaned off and the joint shall
be adequately cured by covering with wet funny bags and pouring water after
frequent intervals.

99.4 Testing of stone ware pipe

All pipes shall be carefully examined with a light hammer for soundness before
laying. After each section of pipe line has been laid and joined the joint shall be
allowed to set properly and shall be inspected and tested.
Stone ware pipes used for sewers shall be subjected to a test pressure of 1.5M head
of water at the highest point of the section under test. A buckle bend shall be
temporarily jointed in at the top end and a sufficient length of vertical pipe jointed to
it so as to provide the required test head. Where leakage is observed, it shall be
made good by the CONTRACTOR.

100. Cast Iron Pipe

100.1 Material
Cast iron pipes with spigot and socket ends shall conform to IS:1230 & IS:1729.

100.2 Laying of cast iron pipes

The laying of cast iron pipe lines shall commence only after the bottom of the
trench has been leveled in accordance the drawings. The sides of the trenches shall
be as vertical as possible and width of the bottom shall be 300 mm wider than the
diameter of the pipe. Where joints are made, the trench shall be widened suitably to
provide room for caulking joints. For pipes buried in the ground , the
CONTRACTOR shall always maintain minimum cushion of earth over the pipes as
indicated in the drawings. All pipes and fittings shall be sounded with a light hammer
and checked properly to detect any crack or blow holes before laying. The
excavated material shall be stacked on one side of the trench and the pipes on the
other side. The inside of the socket and the outside of the spigot shall be thoroughly
cleaned of all foreign matters before laying. The pipes shall be laid with their socket
ends facing the direction of flow. After each section of pipe line has been laid, it
shall be tested for water tightness before backfilling of the trench. On successful
completion of testing, the trench shall be backfilled with the excavated earth in layers
of 200 mm and shall be watered and rammed thoroughly.
Cast iron rain water pipes encased fixed exposed to the external walls shall conform
to IS:1230 and shall be fixed at least 20 mm from the plastered surface by means of
cast iron clamps. The rain water pipes at the roof level shall be fitted with a cast iron
bend with masonry bell mouth of suitable size fitted with cast iron grating. The
bottom of the down pipe shall be fixed with a shoe fixed 150 mm above
ground/apron level of the building

100.3 Joining of cast iron pipe

The type of jointing for C.I. pipes shall be socket and spigot filled either with molten
lead or lead wool and gasket conforming to IS:782 Cement jointing of pipes shall
conform to IS:1230. The spigot shall be carefully inserted and centre in the socket
by one or more laps of thin clean hemp spun yarn and shall be forced into the
socket to leave a correct depth of 30 mm around cement mortar. The pipe shall
then be examined for line and level and the proper depth of each joint shall be
tested before inserting the cement mortar. The joints shall then be carefully filled
with stiff cement and sand mortar 1:1 and then joints shall be leveled to the edge
of the socket. Each joint shall be adequately cured by covering with wet cloth
and pouring water at frequent intervals.

100.4 Testing of cast iron pipes

On completion of laying and jointing, the cast iron pipes shall be tested by the
CONTRACTOR to detect leakage and any other defects in the pipe line by means of
smoke test.
Smoke test shall be conducted using proper apparatus with attachments for smoke
making machine for applying smoke to the pipelines under pressure. Only cotton
waste or brown paper soaked in creosol oil shall be used and fire to obtain
dense smoke. While conducting smoke test, top of soil waste and ventilation
pipes shall be kept open till smoke starts coming out of the openings. The openings
shall be securely plugged with expanding rubber or any other approved plug. The
floor traps and other openings for connecting sanitary fixtures shall be sealed with
water or approved plug the entire pipe line shall be tested in suitable sections as
directed by Engineer-in-charge. The entire length of pipe lines including all joints
under test shall be closely observed for any sign of smoke leakage . All leakage
and defects shall be rectified by the CONTRACTOR to the satisfaction of the
Engineer-in-charge.

101. Pre Fabrication

In case of M.S. or HDPE pipe sewers the piping work shall be prefabricated in
suitable sections to minimise the jointing work in the trenches. Where possible
prefabricated section may cover the entire length between two successive manholes.
It is contractors responsibility to work exact dimensions of the header including the
branch connections for prefabrication. The prefabricated sections in case of M.S.
pipes shall be coated and wrapped before laying.

101.1 HDPE Piping

HDPE pipes shall be jointed as per the manufacturers recommendations by the
skilled fitters with past experience in doing similar type of jobs. In general the HDPE
pipes shall be butt jointed by heating the pipes up to 200 degree electrically by using
a special hot plate covered with Teflon on both sides. The pipe ends shall be butted
accurately on hydraulic jack platform with the hot plate inserted in between and
shall be heated till a uniform rim of melted metal is formed. Immediately the
hydraulic jack shall be released, the hot plate removed and pipe ends shall be butted
together to form a good joint between the pipes.

101.2 Earthwork in Excavation for Pipe Trenches

Trenching work shall be carried out in all classes of soil including soft rock and
excluding hard rock.
The trench shall be cut true to the line and level as per approved drawings. It shall
follow the gradient of the piping to be laid. If the trench is excavated below the
required level as indicated in the drawing, the extra depth shall be filled with concrete
or approved equivalent materials as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge at no extra
cost to the owner.
The width of the trench shall be sufficient to give free working space on each side
of the pipe. The free working space shall conform to IS:783. Generally it shall not be
less than 150 mm on either side or 1/3 dia of the pipe whichever is greater.
All earthwork involved in excavations of all types of manholes, catch pits, valve
chamber which form a part of the U/G piping work shall be deemed to have been
covered in the rate for pipe laying.
Excavated material shall not be deposited within 1.5 M from the top edge of the
excavation or within a distance equal to the depth of excavation whichever is higher.
Any obstacle encountered during excavation shall be reported immediately to the
Engineer-in-Charge and shall be dealt with as instructed.
All types of shoring and strutting wherever necessary shall be adopted to with-hold
the face of the earth or cutting in slope as per site requirements and as directed by
the Engineer-in-Charge.
Dewatering, if required, shall be done in advance of the installation of the pipe to
allow adequate inspection of padding of the bottom if required and shall be continued
throughout during installation and backfilling.
The contractor shall keep the trench in good condition until the pipe is laid and
tested and no extra claim shall be entertained due to its caving or setting down
either before or after the pipe is laid.
In muddy or slushy ground, the bed shall be provided with a layer of sand or 1:5:10
concrete as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge.
Necessary barricading and protection of slopes against slips due to traffic shall
be provided to the satisfaction of Engineer-in-Charge. Also necessary warning
flags and lights shall be provided to caution traffic.
In case of road cutting, all material, i.e., metal, soling, stones, etc. shall be taken
out carefully and kept separately for reuse and road work shall be redone upto the
original level prior to cutting the road with the excavated road materials after laying
and testing of the pipeline within 10 days from the date of starting this work at the
cost of the contractor. The contractor shall provide suitable warning signs and
barricades to prevent accidents. He shall also provide reasonable bye pass at his
own cost when a road is cut for laying pipeline. Tank age dykes cut due to laying
of the pipes, shall be redone conforming to the original
specifications by the Contractor.

102. Bedding
In case of HDPE pipe and places where a sound compact bottom surface is not
possible to prepare due to soil conditions, a minimum 100 mm thick bedding using
1:5:10 plain cement concrete with 100 mm and down size stone aggregate shall be
provided. The bedding shall be properly compacted before laying the pipes.

103. Man Holes And Chambers

The Manholes and chambers shall be constructed at locations as detailed on
drawings. Additional man holes and/or junction chambers shall be constructed
wherever required.
Construction of man holes shall be as described below unless stated otherwise :
Floor shall be in P.C.C.
Side walls shall be in brick or concrete.
Relieving arches in the brick work shall be around pipes.
All C.I. rungs, ladders etc as required shall be provided.
The man hole covers shall conform to the relevant Indian Standards and shall be
embedded either in P.C.C. coping or cement mortar.
Inside and out side surface of the man hole shall be plastered.

104. Inspection Pits And Trap Pits

Construction of pits shall commence only after the pipes have been laid in position to
true line and levels as shown on the drawings.

104.1 Inspection Pits

Inspection pits shall be constructed as indicated in the drawings. Unless otherwise
specified, all inspection pits shall be constructed with brick masonry in cement
mortar (1:4). Half round channels of size suitable for
inlet and outlet pipe diameters shall be formed on the floor pit with P.C.C. M 10. The
floor of the pit shall be haunched towards the channel. Inside of the pit shall be
finished with cement sand plaster (1:4) and finished smooth with neat cement slurry.
104.2 Gully Trap Pit
Gully trap pits shall be constructed as indicated in the drawings. The construction
and the finishing of the pit shall be as described for inspection pit. The cast iron
grating shall be set flush with the finished ground / approved level.

105. Storm Water Surface Drain

The surface drains shall be either dry rubble stone pitched sections pointed in CM
1:4 or constructed in brick work as sides and concrete bed.

The stone pitching shall be in approved rubble, the thickness being minimum 230
mm unless otherwise stated. The edges of the drains at the top portion shall be
pitched horizontally (with slight sloes towards drains) to minimum distance of 300
mm to prevent erosion of backing. The slopes of the beds and sections shall be
shown in the drawings.
Whenever there is an abrupt drop in the bed elevation or the drains a rubble
masonry wall shall be constructed at such a drop, across the sections of the drains.
Whenever the brick work is used for drains, the brick work shall conform to the
requirements of the specification of brick work. The interior of the drains & the top
sides of masonry shall be plastered in CM 1:4.

106. P.V.C. Pipe

106.1 Material
PVC pipes, fittings etc shall conform to relevant Indian Standards.

106.2 Laying of PVC pipes

Laying of PVC pipes shall conform to IS:3114.
The pipes, shall be embedded in concrete whenever necessary.
Jointing of PVC Pipes
The pipes shall be jointed by methods as specified by the manufacturer.

107. Civil And Other Miscellaneous Works

107.1 Civil Work
All civil work including plain and reinforced concrete, brick masonry plastering
etc. for construction of manholes, clean outs and other pits shall be done as per
relevant Indian Standards and in accordance with approved construction drawings.
All materials used for construction shall also conform to Indian Standards.
107.2 C.I. Manhole Frame and Cover
C.I. manhole frame and cover shall conform to IS:1726 unless otherwise specified in
the approved drawing heavy duty frame and cover shall be used in paved areas and
medium duty in unpaved areas.

107.3 Vent pipes of Oily Sewer System

Vent pipes for oily sewer systems shall be of M.S. Black Steel Tubes conforming to
IS:1239.

107.4 C.I. Steps

C.I. steps where used shall conform to IS:5455.

107.5 Chequered Plates

Chequered plates shall be 6 mm thick (7 mm with chequers) and shall conform to
IS:3502.

107.6 Gratings
Cast Iron gratings shall be of sound, casting free from air, sand, shrinkage, gas
inclusions and any other holes with carefully dressed sides and approved by
Engineer-in-Charge.
M.S. gratings shall be fabricated as per approved drawings from M.S. flat angles,
rounds etc.

107.7 Anticorrosive Treatment

All exposed cast iron and steel surfaces shall be painted two coats of approved
bituminous paint..

107.8 Haunching for HDPE Piping

After laying of the HDPE pipe in position in trenches over the concrete bedding
1:5:10 PCC with 20 mm and down size stone aggregate shall be filled in pipe
haunches. The concrete shall be compacted properly and carefully without damaging
the pipe. Before backfilling the bedding and haunching concrete shall be properly
cured and approved by the Engineer-in-Charge.

107.9 Hydraulic Sealing of Manholes

In case of oily sewers, wherever required, the hydraulic sealing shall be provided on
the manholes to check the free travel of oil vapors. It shall be done either providing a
baffle valve between the inlet and outlet pipes or by dipping the pipe below water
level in the manhole. In both the case a minimum of 150 mm hydraulic seal shall be
ensured.
108. Backfilling
The soil used shall be selected and approved by Engineer-in-Charge. Suitable
material can be extracted from available excavated material. The soil shall be free
from rubbish, grass organic matter, stones, building waste etc. It shall be free from
clods and hard lumps.
The filling shall commence only after the approval of Engineer-in-Charge is obtained
and after the structures or pipes getting buried are tested and approved. Otherwise,
if required contractor shall uncover the burried portion and refill it at his own cost.
Filling shall be done in layers. Each layer shall be not more than 20 cm thick when
loose and shall be well rammed. With necessary watering, to obtain at least 90% of
maximum laboratory dry density.
Care shall be taken to protect cables, pipes and other features from damage
due to backfilling and consolidation.
Filling shall extend up to the level of original ground surface or as per drawing or as
directed by Engineer-in- Charge. The finished surface shall be properly trimmed and
dressed. The adjoining area shall be cleaned and no heaps of surplus earth shall be
left out.
Restoration of Damaged Surfaces and Clearing the Site
All pavements, structures, pipelines, cables, etc. removed, damaged or disturbed
during the pipe laying work shall be restored to original conditions.
All surplus earth and rubbish generated due to pipe laying, valve chamber and
manhole construction etc. shall be transported to an area demarcated by the
CONTRACTOR.
Quality Assurance Plan
The CONTRACTOR shall submit the detailed quality assurance plan for drainage
and sewerage work for the approval of the Engineer-in-charge. The CONTRACTOR
shall strictly follow the approved plan.