1/31/2017 CesuntKPI's?

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Ce sunt KPI's?
Acas(/) CesuntKPI's?

(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/sites/default/files/poze/articole/kpi.jpg)

Ce sunt KPI's?

Mie,03/12/201415:40 Autor:MonicaMinoiu

Nuintamplator,laaccesareavestituluimotordecautare"google",lainterogarea"indicatorideperformanta(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/indicatoriide
performanta/1027#.UyA_rD9_tQQ)"aparpeste28.600.000dereferinteafisateinmaiputinde0.28secunde...Indicatoriideperformantasau"Keyperformance
indicators(KPI)(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/indicatoriideperformanta/1027#.UyA_rD9_tQQ)"prezintadiverseacceptiunisisuntinterpretatidiferitde
utilizatori.Pentruasetacorectasteptarilecuprivirelaindicatoriideperformantaseimpuneoprimadiscutiecuprivirelalegaturaintreobiectivindicatorde
performantainformatieindicator.

ObiectivulformalizeazaSMARTtintelecompanieicuprivirelaperformantacantitativaintoateexprimarilesaleposibile(profit,cifradeafaceri,piata,vanzari
(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/abilitatidevanzare),lichiditate,costuri,nr.contracteetc.)sauperformantacalitativacomportamentesolicitatepentruatingerea
performantei.Obiectivulestefiedenaturastrategica(formulatcaobiectivstrategicnr.1)fiedecelemaimulteorisetatpentruaindeplinilanivelulpoliticiloranuale
obiectivulstrategic.ExprimareaacestorobiectivecantitativesicalitativesefaceintradevarprinintermediulIndicatorilordeperformantainmoddiferit.

Indicatoriideperformantasuntdefinitigenericcamasuratoriprincareconducerea,managementul(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/leadershipmanagement)si
investitoriipotsaevaluezeperformantaafacerii(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/indicatoriideperformanta/1027#.UyA_rD9_tQQ)petermenmediusilungsi
careasiguracomparabilitateintrediverseindustrii,indinamica.

Indicatoriisuntderegulasuntrezultantauneievolutiiintimp(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/timemanagementsieficientapersonala/629#.UyBiNj9_tQQ),
sugeranddinamicafatadeobazadereferinta,cusaufarascopstrategic.

Nutotcepoatefimasuratreprezintaindicatordeperformanta.Existainformatii(ex.nrfacturi,nr.rebuturi,nr.angajati
(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/employerbrandingmasterclass/886#.UyBHRj9_tQQ),etc.)carenutrebuiesafieneaparatconsiderateindicatoride
performantasicareservescuneoridoarcasicuantificarialeuneisituatiidate,farascopcomparativsaudepredictie.

http://www.learningnetwork.ro/articol/cesuntkpis/1183 1/5
1/31/2017 CesuntKPI's?|LearningNetwork

Indicatoriicheiedeperformantaraspundunorintrebaridiverse:Undesuntem?,Undevremsaajungem?,Cumfacemasta?,oferindinformatiicuprivirelastadiul
curent,comparatiidepiata,targetviitor(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/marketingsipozitionaredebrandsimulareabrandpror/1175#.UyBGnT9_tQQ).Prin
urmare,seimpuneoselectieclaraaKPIIndicatoricheiedeperformantacafiindaceiindicatoricare:

K=furnizeazaavantajcompetitiv,legatdeobiectivelestrategice,legatdefunctionareaunitatiideafaceriinmoddirect

P=suntlegatideperformantainmoddirect,clarmasurati,cuantificati,cucauzedeinfluentaprestabilitate

I=asiguracomparabilitatefatadediversereferinte,orientatcatrecorectiiviitoaresicarenuexplicaevenimenteistorice

Care sunt principalii cinci KPI's cei mai folositi de catre companii? De ce?

Nuexistaunraspunsuniversalvalabilpentruaceastaintrebare.Deregulaindicatoriideperformantaseregasescinzonamasurariiatreielemente:activitate,
profitabilitatesiproductivitate.

Masurareaproductivitatiireprezintainterdependentaintredouaseturidedatemasoaracumunuldintreseturilededatevariazafatadecelalalt.(inputvs.output).
Exemplu:consumuldematerialela1000kgprodusfinit,numaruldeangajatiimplicatilaunserviciuprestat,numaruldeproduseintrooradeproductie.

Masurareaactivitatiiaratacumovaloaresamodificatversusobazaanterioara.Exemplu:consumuldemateriale/1000kganulcurentfatadeanulprecedent,nr.
produsefiniterealizatedinperioadan+1fataden,etc.,nr.decontractedevanzaresemnateinperioadan+1fatadeperioadan,cifradeafacerirealizatainperioada
n+1fatadeperioadan,etc.

Masurareaprofitabilitatiiarataincemasuraovaloareinvestitaproduceunrezultatasteptat.Exemplu:profitulcompanieilacapitalulinvestit,profitulmarginal,profitla
cifradeafaceri,costuloperationallacifradeafaceri.

Indicatoriideperformantapotfi:indicatoristrategicioferindinformatiiconduceriiuneicompanii(profitlacapitalulinvestit,riscvs.oportunitate,profitlaactive
utilizate,cifradeafaceri,cotadepiata,pretactiuni,satisfactiaangajatilor(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/employerbranding
masterclass/886#.UyBHRj9_tQQ)sisatisfactiaclientilor),indicatorimanagerialioferindinformatiimanagementului(disponibilitatearesurselor,planificarevs.efort,
costlavenitvs.buget)sauindicatorioperationalioferindinformatiiasupraperformantelorindividuale(relationatideprocese,activitati,produse,specificatii,
proceduri,eficienta)

AlegereaKPIrelevantipentruocompanietinecontdenumerosifactori:obiectivelestrategice(cifradeafaceri,profit,costuridezvoltare
(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/calendar)intensivasauextensiva),temporizareaactivitatii(orientarepetermenlungsauquickwinobtineredeprofitimediat),
profilulcompaniei(servicii,productie,distributie),situatieactualapecurbadezvoltariicompaniei(crestere,maturitate,declin),inclusivstiluldemanagement
practicatincompanie.Spreexemplu,saconstatatconformstudiuluiintreprinsdeJamesHenderson(profesorManagementstrategic
(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/workshopmanagementulstrategicalcarierei/1088#.UyBjQj9_tQQ)IMDLaussane)cafirmeleaflateinfazadeorganizare
vorurmaricuprecadereindicatoricheiedeperformantalegatidecrestereacifreideafaceri,graduldepenetrarepepietenoi,nr.declientiactivi,dezvoltareacanalelor
devanzarisidistributie,dezvoltareapersonalului(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/calendar).Companiileaflateincrestereisivororientasetuldeindicatoricheiede
performantainzonaprofituluipecapitalulinvestit,aprofituluioperationalsimarginal,avaloriieconomiceadaugate.Inceledinurma,organizatiilematuresevor
concentraasupraindicatorilorlegatidefluxuldenumerar,capacitateadeplata,investitii/dezinvestitii,graduldecrestereorganica.

Nuinultimulrandpasiiimportantipentrualegereasetuluideindicatorideperformantapotriviti(genericisau/sicheie)iireprezintasi:

a)Clarificarearezultatuluiasteptat:schimbare/schimbarerelativa/nicioschimbare(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/workshopflexibilitatesiadaptarela
schimbare/1089#.UyBjkj9_tQQ),elementecareafecteazadirectrezultatulasteptat,valoare,orizontdetimp,unitatedeanaliza,participanti

b)Listareaposibililorindicatorisiselectiaunanima(comisie,comparatiecualtecompanii)

c)Evaluareafiecaruiindicatorinbazaunorcriteriimultiple(raportdirectdeinfluentacurezultatulscontat,setadecvatcasinumardeindicatori)

d)Selectareacelormaibuniindicatoriinraportcost/credibilitatevs.eficientainformatie

Cum trebuie o organizatie sa foloseasca KPI's?

Raspunsulestesimplu!Inprimulrandestenevoiedesetareacorespunzatoareaacestora,conformprincipiilordeconsiderareaKPI,mentionatiinterior.Estenevoie
caindicatoriisafieancoratiindinamicasitipologiacompanieirespective,precumsidemultdiscernamantinmonitorizarea,controlullor.Nuinultimulrandestenevoie
caacestiindicatorideperformanta(http://www.learningnetwork.ro/eveniment/indicatoriideperformanta/1027#.UyA_rD9_tQQ)safieilustrareacatmaifidelaa
obiectivelorcompanieicascadatepanalaultimulnivelsiexprimateinindicatorioperationalideurmaritinfiecaredepartment/functiune/angajat.Altfel,setuldeindicatori
vafiunminunattabloudebordgreuaccesibilsiinteligibillanivelorganizational,opozamemorabilainsacompletnefunctionala.

Credit foto

KPI(http://geisheker.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/04/kpi.jpg)

AUTOR

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1/31/2017 CesuntKPI's?|LearningNetwork

(/profil/monicaminoiu/930)

Monica Minoiu (/pro l/monica-minoiu/930)

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