CHAPTER 3: FORM OF CONTRACTS

Art. 1356. __________ shall be __________, in __________ __________ they may have been __________ into,
provided __________ the __________ __________ for their __________ are __________. However, when the
__________ __________ that a __________ be in some __________ in order that it may be __________ or
__________, or that a __________ be __________ in a __________ __________, that __________ is __________ and
__________. In such cases, the __________ of the __________ stated in the following article __________ be
__________. (1278a)

Art. 1357. If the __________ __________ a __________ or other __________ __________, as in the __________ and
__________ enumerated in the following article, the __________ __________ may __________ __________ other to
__________ that __________, __________ the __________ has been __________. This __________ may be
__________ __________ with the __________ upon the __________. (1279a)

Art. 1358. The following must __________ in a __________ __________:

(1) __________ and __________ which have for their __________ the __________, __________, __________
or __________ of __________ __________ over __________ __________; __________ of __________
__________ or of an __________ therein a __________ by Articles 1403, No. 2, and 1405;

(2) The __________, __________ or __________ of __________ __________ or of those of the __________
__________ of __________;

(3) The __________ to __________ __________, or __________ other __________which has for its
__________ an __________ __________ or which should __________ in a __________ __________, or should
__________ a __________ __________;

(4) The __________ of __________ or __________ proceeding from an __________ __________ in a

__________ __________.

__________ other __________ __________ the __________ involved __________ __________ __________
__________ must __________ in __________, even a __________ __________. But __________ of __________,
__________ or __________ in __________ are __________ by Articles, 1403, No. 2 and 1405. (1280a)

CHAPTER 4: REFORMATION OF INSTRUMENTS (n)

Art. 1359. When, there having been a __________ of the __________ of the __________ to a __________, their
__________ __________ is __________ __________ in the __________ __________ to __________ the __________,
by __________ of __________, __________, __________ __________ or __________, __________ of the __________
may __________ for the __________ of the __________ to the __________ that such __________ __________ may be
__________.

If __________, __________, __________ __________, or __________ has __________ a __________ of the

__________ of the __________, the __________ __________ is __________ __________ of the __________ but
__________ of the __________.

Art. 1360. The __________ of the __________ __________ on the __________ of __________are hereby __________
insofar as they are __________ in __________ with the provisions of this Code.

Art. 1361. When a __________ __________ of the __________ __________ the __________ of the __________ to
__________ their __________ __________, said __________ may be __________.

Art. 1362. If __________ __________ was __________ and the __________ __________ or __________ in such a way
that the __________ does __________ __________ their __________ __________, the former may ask for the
__________ of the __________.
Art. 1363. When __________ __________ was __________ and the other __________ or __________ that the
__________ did __________ __________ their __________ __________, but __________ that __________ from the
former, the __________ may be __________.

Art. 1364. When through the __________, __________ of __________, __________ or __________ __________ on the
__________ of the __________ __________ the __________ or of the __________ or __________, the __________
does __________ __________ the __________ __________ of the parties, the __________ may __________ that the
__________ be __________.

Art. 1365. If __________ __________ __________upon the __________ or __________ of __________ or __________
__________, but the __________ __________ that the __________ is __________ __________ or with a __________ of
__________, __________ of the __________ is __________.

Art. 1366. There shall be __________ __________ in the following cases:

(1) __________ __________ __________ __________ wherein __________ __________ is __________;

(2) __________;

(3) When the __________ __________ is __________.

Art. 1367. When __________ of the __________ has __________ an __________ to __________ the __________t, he
__________ __________ __________ for its __________.

Art. 1368. __________ may be __________ at the __________ of __________ __________ or his __________ in
__________, if the __________ was __________; otherwise, upon __________ of the __________ __________, or his
__________ and __________.

Art. 1369. The __________ for the __________ of __________ shall be __________ by __________ of __________ to
be __________ by the __________ __________.

CHAPTER 5: INTERPRETATION OF CONTRACTS

Art. 1370. If the __________ of a __________ are __________ and __________ __________ __________ upon the
__________ of the __________ __________, the __________ __________ of its __________ shall __________.

If the __________ __________ to be __________ to the __________ __________ of the __________, the latter shall
__________ over the former. (1281)

Art. 1371. In __________ to __________ the __________ of the __________ __________, their __________ and
__________ __________ shall be __________ __________. (1282)

Art. 1372. However __________ the __________ of a __________ may be, they shall __________ be __________ to
__________ __________ that are __________ and __________ that are __________ from those upon which the
__________ __________ to __________. (1283)

Art. 1373. If __________ __________ of __________ __________ should __________ of __________ __________, it
shall be __________ as __________ that __________ which is __________ __________ to __________ it __________.
(1284)

Art. 1374. The __________ __________ of a __________ shall be __________ __________, __________ to the
__________ __________ that __________ which may __________ from __________ of them __________ __________.
(1285)

Art. 1375. __________ which may have __________ __________ shall be __________ in that which is __________ in
__________ with the __________ and __________ of the __________. (1286)
Art. 1376. The __________ or __________ of the __________ shall be __________ in __________ in the __________
of the __________ of a __________, and shall __________ the __________ of __________ which are __________
__________. (1287)

Art. 1377. The __________ of __________ __________ or __________ in a __________ shall __________ __________
the __________ who __________ the __________. (1288)

Art. 1378. When it is __________ __________ to __________ __________ by the __________ __________ in the
preceding articles, and the __________ refer to __________ __________ of a __________ __________, the
__________ __________ of __________ and __________ shall __________. If the __________ is __________, the
__________ shall be __________ in __________ of the __________ __________ of __________.

If the __________ are __________ upon the __________ __________ of the __________ in such a way that it
__________ be __________ what may have been the __________ or __________ of the __________, the __________
shall be __________ and __________. (1289)

Art. 1379. The __________ of __________stated in Rule 123 of the Rules of Court shall likewise be observed in the
__________ of __________. (n)

CHAPTER 6: RESCISSIBLE CONTRACTS

Art. 1380. __________ __________ __________ upon may be __________ in the cases __________ by __________.
(1290)

Art. 1381. The following __________ are __________:

(1) Those which are __________ into by __________ whenever the __________ whom they __________
__________ __________ by more than __________ of the __________ of the __________ which are the
__________ thereof;

(2) Those __________ upon in __________ of __________, if the latter __________ the __________ stated in
the preceding number;

(3) Those __________ in __________ of __________ when the latter __________ in __________ other
__________ __________ the __________ __________ them;

(4) Those which refer to __________ under __________ if they have been __________ into by the __________
__________ the __________ and __________ of the __________ or of __________ __________ __________;

(5) __________ other __________ __________ __________ by __________ to be __________ to __________.

(1291a)

Art. 1382. __________ __________ in a __________ of __________ for __________ to whose __________ the
__________ could __________ be __________ at the __________ they were __________, are also __________. (1292)

Art. 1383. The __________ for __________ is __________ ; it __________ be __________ except when the
__________ __________ __________ has __________ other __________ __________ to __________ __________ for
the same. (1294)

Art. 1384. __________ shall be __________ to the __________ __________ to __________ the __________
__________. (n)

Art. 1385. __________ __________ the __________ to __________ the __________ which were the __________ of the
__________ , __________ with their __________ , and the __________ with its __________; consequently, it can be
__________ __________ __________ when he who __________ __________ can __________ whatever he may be
__________ to __________.
__________ shall __________ __________ __________ when the __________ which are the __________ of the
__________ are __________ in the __________ of __________ __________ who did __________ __________ in
__________ __________.

In this case, __________ for __________ may be __________ from the __________ __________ the __________.
(1295)

Art. 1386. __________ referred to in Nos. 1 and 2 of Article 1381 shall __________ __________ __________ with
__________ to __________ __________ by the __________. (1296a)

Art. 1387. __________ __________ by __________ of which the __________ __________ __________ by __________
__________ are __________ to have been __________ into in __________ of __________, when the __________ did
__________ __________ __________ __________ to __________ __________ __________ __________ __________
the __________.

__________ by __________ __________ are also __________ __________ when made by __________ __________
whom some __________ has been __________. The __________ or __________ __________ __________ refer to the
__________ __________, and __________ __________ have been __________ by the __________ __________ the
__________.

In addition to these __________, the __________ to __________ __________ may be __________ in __________ other
__________ __________ by the __________ of __________ . (1297a)

Art. 1388. Whoever __________ in __________ __________ the __________ __________ in __________ of
__________, shall __________ the latter for __________ __________ by them on __________ of the __________,
whenever, __________ to __________ __________, it should be __________ for him to __________ them.

If there are __________ or __________ __________, the __________ __________ shall be __________ __________,
and so on __________. (1298a)

Art. 1389. The __________ to __________ __________ must be __________ within __________ __________.

For __________ under __________ and for __________, the __________ of __________ __________ shall __________
__________ until the __________ of the former's __________, or until the __________ of the latter is __________.
(1299)

CHAPTER 7: VOIDABLE CONTRACTS

Art. 1390. The following __________ are __________ or __________, even though there may have been __________
__________ to the __________ __________:

(1) Those where __________ of the __________ is __________ of __________ __________ to a __________;

(2) Those where the __________ is __________ by __________, __________, __________, __________
__________ or __________.

These __________ are __________ , unless they are __________ by a __________ __________ in __________. They
are __________ of __________. (n)

Art. 1391. The __________ for __________ shall be __________ within __________ __________.

This __________ shall __________ :

In cases of __________, __________ or __________ __________, from the __________ the __________ of the
__________ __________.

In case of __________ or __________, from the __________ of the __________ of the __________.
And when the __________ refers to __________ __________ into by __________ or other __________ __________,
from the __________ the __________ __________. (1301a)

Art. 1392. __________ __________ the __________ to __________ a __________ __________. (1309a)

Art. 1393. __________ may be __________ __________ or __________. It is __________ that there is a __________
__________ if, __________ __________ of the __________ which __________ the __________ __________ and such
__________ having __________, the __________ who has a __________ to __________ it should __________ an
__________ which __________ __________ an __________to __________ his __________. (1311a)

Art. 1394. __________ may be __________ by the __________ of the __________ __________. (n)

Art. 1395. __________ does __________ __________ the __________ of the __________ __________ who has
__________ __________ to __________ the __________ for __________. (1312)

Art. 1396. __________ __________ the __________ from __________ its __________ from the __________ it was
__________. (1313)

Art. 1397. The __________ for the __________ of __________ may be __________ by __________ who are thereby
__________ __________ or __________. However, __________ who are __________ __________ __________ the
__________ of those with whom they __________; nor can those who __________ __________, __________, or
__________ __________, or __________ __________, or __________ __________ __________ their __________
upon these __________ of the __________. (1302a)

Art. 1398. An __________ having been __________ , the __________ __________ shall __________ to __________
other the __________ which have been the __________ __________ of the __________, with their __________, and the
__________ with its __________, except in cases provided by __________.

In __________ to __________ __________, the __________ thereof shall be the __________ for __________. (1303a)

Art. 1399. When the __________ of the __________ __________ in the __________ of __________ of the __________
, the __________ __________ is __________ __________ to __________ __________ __________ except insofar as
he has been __________ by the __________ or __________ __________ by him. (1304)

Art. 1400. Whenever the __________ __________ by the __________ of __________ to __________ the __________
__________ __________ do so because it has been __________ through his __________, he shall __________ the
__________ __________ and the __________ of the __________ at the __________ of the __________, with
__________ from the __________ __________. (1307a)

Art. 1401. The __________ for __________ of __________ shall be __________ when the __________ which is the
__________ thereof is __________ through the __________ or __________ of the __________ who has a __________
to __________ the __________.

If the __________ of __________ is __________ upon the __________ of __________ __________ of the __________
__________, the __________of the __________ shall __________ be an __________ to the __________ of the
__________, unless said __________ took place through the __________ or __________ of the __________. (1314a)

Art. 1402. As long as __________ of the __________ __________ does __________ __________ what in __________
of the __________ of __________ he is __________ to __________, the other __________ be __________ to
__________ with what is __________ upon him. (1308)

CHAPTER 8: UNENFORCEABLE CONTRACTS (n)

Art. 1403. The following __________ are __________, unless they are __________:

(1) Those __________ into in the __________ of __________ __________ by one who has been given
__________ __________ or __________ __________, or who has __________ __________ his __________;
 (2) Those that do __________ __________with the Statute of Frauds as set forth in this number. In the following
cases an __________ hereafter made shall be __________ by __________, unless the same, or some
__________ or __________, thereof, be in __________, and __________ by the __________ __________, or by
his __________; __________, therefore, of the __________ __________ be __________ __________ the
__________, or a __________ __________ of its __________:

(a) An __________ that by its __________ is __________ to be __________ within a __________ from
the __________ thereof;

(b) A __________ __________ to __________ for the __________, __________, or __________ of

__________;

(c) An __________ made in __________ of __________, other than a __________ __________ to

__________;

(d) An __________ for the __________ of __________, __________ or __________ in __________ , at

a __________ not less than five hundred pesos, unless the __________ __________ and __________
__________ of such __________ and __________, or the __________, or some of them, of such things
in __________ or __________ at the __________ some __________ of the __________ __________;
but when a __________ is __________ by __________ and __________ is __________ by the
__________ in his __________ __________, at the __________ of the __________, of the __________
and __________ of __________ __________, __________ of __________, __________, __________ of
the __________ and __________ on whose __________ the __________ is __________ , it is a
__________ __________;

(e) An __________ of the __________ for a __________ __________ than __________ __________ , or
for the __________ of __________ __________ or of an __________ therein;

(f) A __________ as to the __________ of a __________ __________.

(3) Those where __________ __________ are __________ of __________ __________ to a __________.

Art. 1404. __________ __________ are __________ by Article 1317 and the __________ of __________ in Title X of
this Book.

Art. 1405. __________ __________ the Statute of Frauds, referred to in No. 2 of Article 1403, are __________ by the
__________ to __________ to the __________ of __________ __________ to __________ the same, or by the
__________ of __________ under them.

Art. 1406. When a __________ is __________ under the Statute of Frauds, and a __________ __________ is
__________ for its __________ in the Registry of Deeds, the __________ may __________ themselves of the
__________ under Article 1357.

Art. 1407. In a __________ where __________ __________ are __________ of __________ __________, __________
or __________ __________ by the __________, or __________, as the case may be, of __________ of the __________
__________ shall give the __________ the same __________ as if __________ __________ of them were __________.

If __________ is __________ by the __________ or __________, as the case may be, of __________ __________
__________, the __________ shall be __________ from the __________.

Art. 1408. __________ __________ __________ be __________ by __________ __________.