Extc - Sem Viii

EXTC Department Final Year Sem – VII
Sub: Computer Communication Networks
1. Communication networks and services:

Network functions and network topology, basics of message switching,
Packet switching, circuit switching and cell switching
2. Application and layered architectures:

Layering architecture, the OSI reference model, unified view of
Layers, protocols and services, overview of TCP/IP architecture, TCP/IP protocol
3. Telephone Network:
Frequency division and time division multiplexing, synchronous optical network (SONET) and SONET
multiplexing, space division and time division circuit switches, Telephone Network, integrated services
digital network, network channel signaling and routing control
4. Peer to Peer protocols:

Peer to Peer protocols and service models, service models, end to end requirements and adaptation
functions, end to end versus hop by hop. ARQ protocols stop and wait ARQ, goback-N ARO, selective
repeat ARO, transmission efficiency of ARQ protocols, sliding windows flow control, timing recovery for
synchronous services, reliable stream service, data link controls, HOLC data link control, point to point
protocol, statistical
Multiplexing
5. Local area networks:

Multiple access communications, local area networks (LAN) structure, the medium access control sub
layer, the logical link control layer, random access, ALOHA, slotted ALOHA, CSMJ CSMNCO, scheduling
Approaches to medium access control, reservation systems, polling, token passing rings, comparison
of random access and scheduling medium access controls, IEEE 802.3 standards for 10M bps and
1000 Mbps LANs, repeaters and hubs, LAN bridges, transparent bridges, source routing bridges, mixes
media bridges, LAN switches, spanning tree algorithm
6. Packet switching networks:

Network services and internal network operation, packet network topology, connectionless packet
switching, virtual circuit packet switching, routing in packet networks, routing algorithm classification,
routing tables; hierarchical routing, link state versus distance vector routing, shortest path algorithms,
the Bellman-ford algorithm, Dijkstra's algorithm, other routing approaches
7. Frame relay and asynchronous mode (ATM):

Frame relay protocol architecture, frame relay call control, user data transfer network function,
congestion control, A TM architecture, logical connection, ATM cells, transmission of ATM cells, ATM
adaptation layers, ATM traffic management and Qos, FIFO and priority queues, fair queuing,
congestion control, open loop Control, closed loop control
8. TCP/IP:
The Internet Protocol (IP), IP packet, IP addressing, subnet mask, classless interdomain routing
(CIDR), address resolution, reverse address resolution, IP fragmentation and reassembly, ICMP, User
Date gram Protocol (UDP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), TCP Reliable stream service, TCP
operation, TCP protocol, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), mobile IP IPv6, internet routing
protocols, routing information protocols, open shortest path first protocol, border gateway protocol,
multicast routing, reverse path broadcasting, internet group management protocol, reverse path
multicasting, distance vector multicast routing protocol.
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on six experiments
along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work.
The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Report on experiments - 15 marks Written Test -10 marks
Text Book:
1. Communication Networks - Leon Garcia, Indra Widjaja Tata Mc-Graw Hill publication
2. Data and Computer Communication - William Stallings Pearson
Education publication
3. Computer Network - Larry L. Peterson Morgan Kaufmann
Reference Books:
1. Data Communication and Networks - Forouzan, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
Publication
2. Telecommunication Networks - Scwartz Addison Wesley publication
Subject: Digital Communication
1. Information theory
Entropy, Shannon Theorem, Shannon Hartley theorem
2. Base band Transmission:

Discrete PAM signals, power spectra of discrete PAM signals, intersymbol interference, Nyquist’s
criterion for distortionless base band transmission, Pulse shaping, line codes, correlative coding, eye
diagram, equalization.
3. Digital Modulation:
Representation of band pass modulated signal, vector space representation, Gram, Schmidt
procedure, signal energy and correlation, ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, M-ary PSK, M-ary FSK, QPSK,
OQPSK, MSK, QAM-Introduction, Modulation, Modulation, demodulation, signal space diagram,
spectrum, bandwidth efficiency, power efficiency, probability of error, applications, carrier and timing
recovery circuits
4. Base band Detection:

Detection of binary signals- Matched filters, decision threshold in matched filters, error probability,
maximum likelihood receiver structure, correlation realization of matched filter
5. Error Control Systems:

Overview, power and band limited channels, optimum decoding, decoded error rate
6. Error Control Block Codes:

Introduction, code rate and code distance, some algebraic concepts, generator matrix, of a linear
block code, systematic form of G, parity check matrix of a linear block code, decoding mechanism,
hamming codes, extended hamming codes, shortened hamming codes, systematic for of H matrix,
cyclic codes, generator matrix for cyclic codes, polynomial multiplication and division, systematic cyclic
codes, practical systematic encoders, binary BCH codes, shortened cyclic codes, cyclic redundancy
check(CRC) codes, interleaving, Non algebraic decoding of cyclic codes, Meggit decoding, decoding
shortened cyclic codes, burst detection( error trapping), application areas
7. Convolutional codes:
Introduction, generator polynomial and optimal codes, puncturing code trellis, free distance ,Viterbi
decoding, hard decision Viterbi decoding,
Decoding window, soft decision Viterbi decoding, code spectra, recursive systematic codes, code
transfer function, application areas
8. Spread Spectrum Techniques:

Basic techniques, direct sequence spread spectrum, frequency hop spread spectrum, spreading
sequences- m-sequences, gold sequences, Walsh Hadamard sequences, variable length orthogonal
codes, correlation of sequences, PSO of OS spread spectrum, performance of OS/QPSK in tone
interference, OS spread spectrum on frequency selective fading channels, error probability for OS
COMA on AWGN channels.
Review:
Mathematical definition and proof of sampling theorem for base band and band pass signals, flat top
samples and their spectrum, signal distortion. PCM Principles, bandwidth, channel capacity, DPCM -
Principles, Quantizer design, predictor design, coding gain, Adaptive DPCM - Principle, Delta
Modulation (DM).
.
TERM WORK:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on experiments (at
least eight from the list of suggested experiments) and assignments along with a graded answer paper
shall be submitted as term work

Report on experiments - 15 marks. Written Test -10 marks
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Digital Communications-Simon Haykin, John Wiley & Sons publication
2. Coding Techniques: An introduction to Compression to compression
and error control-Graham wade, Palgrav
3. Principles of mobile communications 2nd edition- Gordon Stuber
Kluwer Academic publication
Reference books:
1. Digital Communications 2nd edition-Bernard Sklar
Pearson Education Asia publication
2. Communication Systems-B.P Lathi, BS Publications (Hyderabad)
Subject: Discrete Time Signal Processing
1. Transform analysis of L TI systems:

Frequency response of L TI systems, phase distortion and delay, all pass systems, minimum,
maximum mixed phase systems, linear phase filters, causal generalized linear phase system (pole
zero plots) symmetric anti symmetric filters low pass, high pass, band pass filters, digital resonator,
comb filters, notch filters, all pass filters, digital sinusoidal oscillator.
2. Discrete Fourier transforms:

DFT and its properties, linear filtering based on OFT, frequency analysis of signal using OFT, long data
filtering overlap and save, overlap and add method.
3. Discrete cosine transforms (DCT):

Definition of DCT, DCT-1 and DCT-2, relationship between OFT and
DCT-1 and DCT-2, energy compaction property of DCT-2, applications
DCT
4. Computation of DFT:
Fast Fourier transforms radix 2, radix 4, application of FFT algorithm, efficient computation of OFT of
2N point real sequences, linear filtering, correlation, Goertzel algorithm, chirp Z transform,
DIT-FFT, DIF, FFT, and IFFT split radix FFT degradation from finite word length, effects of
quantization, round off noise in FFT and IFFT
5. Design of filters:
Design of FIR filters - windowing method frequency sampling method, optimum equiripple linear phase
FIR, FIR differentiator, optimum
Approximation of FIR filters, Hilbert transformers, relationship between no. of coeff and filters,
characteristic raised cosine transition filter, Design of IIR filters - Impulse invariance, bilinear
transformation, butter worth, chebyshev filter I, chebyshev II, frequency transformation low pass to
high pass, band pass, band reject filters. Design of digital filter based on least square method (FIR,
IIR).
6. Structures for discrete time systems:

FIR structures (direct form, cascade form, frequency sampling and lattice), structures for linear phase
filters, structures for IIR systems, direct form (cascade, parallel, lattice and lattice ladder), basic
structure of phase shifters, effect of coefficient quantization in IIR and FIR systems, effect of round off
noise in digital filters analysis of the direct form IIR structures scaling in fixed point implementation of
IIR systems, analysis of a cascade IIR structures, and FIR structures.
7. Digital ladder filters:

Properties of two port circuits, simulated ladder filters, switched capacitor filters, wave filters, lattice
filters, comparison elements
8. Introduction to programmable digital signal processors:

Multiplier and multiplier accumulator modified bus structures and memory access scheme in P-DSPs,
multiple access memory, multi-ported memory, VLIW architecture, and pipelining, special addressing
modes, in P-DSPs, on chip peripherals.
Term Work:
least eight from the list of suggested experiments) along with a graded answer paper shall be
submitted as term work.

Text Books:
1. Digital Signal Processing - John Proakis Prentice Hall of India
Publication
2. Discrete time signal processing - Alan V. Oppenheim & Ronald W.
Scheuffer Prentice Hall of India Publication
3. Digital Signal Processors - B. Venkatramani, M. Bhaskar Tata Me-Grew Hill Publication
Reference books:
1. Digital Processing of signals - Maurice Bellanger John wiley Publication
2. Digital Filters - Analysis and Design - A. Antonion Tata Mc-Graw Hill
Publication
3. Digital Signal Processing -Iffecho R. Pearson Education Assia
Publication
Subject: Elective I (1): Image Processing
1. Introduction:
Digital image representation, steps in image processing, elements of digital image processing systems
2. Digital Image Fundamentals:

Elements of visual perception, simple image model, sampling and quantisation, basic relationships
between pixels, basic transformations
3. Image Transforms:
Review of DFT, two-dimensional DFT an D its properties, walsh transform, Hadamard transform,
discrete cosine transform, the Harr transform, the slant transform, the haelling transform
4. Image Enhancement:
Spatial domain methods, frequency domain methods, enhancement by point processing, spatial
filtering, enhancement in the frequency domain, generation of spatial masks from frequency domain
specification, colour image processing
5. Image Compression:
Fundamentals, image compression models, using information theory for image compression, error free
compression, lossy compression, image compression standard
6. Image segmentation:
Detection of discontinuities, edge linking and boundary detection,
thresl1olding, region orientel segmentation, the use of motion in segmentation
7. Image Representation and description:

Representation schemes, boundary descriptors, regional descriptors. Morphology, relation descriptors
Term Work:

Reference Books:
1. Digital Image Processing - Ganzalez R.C
Pearson Education Asia Publication
2. Image processing, Analysis, and Machine vision-Milan Sonka, Vaclav
Hlvac, Roger Boyle, Thomson Learning publication
3. Fundamentals of Image processing: - Anil K. Jain
Prentice Hall of India Publication
Subject: Elective 1(2): Data Compression and encryption
1. Data Compression and Encryption:

Need for Data Compression, Lossy/ lossless compression, symmetrical compression and compression
ratio, run length encoding (RLE) for text and image compression, relative encoding and its applications
in facsimile data: compression and telemetry, scalar quantization
2. Statistical Methods:
Statistical modeling of ingormation source, coding redundancy, variable size codes prefix codes,
Shannon-Fano coding, Huffman coding, adaptive Huffman coding, arithmetic coding a adaptive
arithmetic coding, text compression using PPM method
3. Dictionary Methods:
String compression, sliding window compression, LZ77, LZ78and LZW algorithms and applications in
text compression, Zip and Gzip, ARC and Redundancy code
4. Image compression:
Loss less techniques of image compression, gray codes, two dimensional image transform, discrete
cosine transform and its application in lossy image compression, quantization, zig-zag coding
sequences, JPEG and JPEG-LS compression standards, pulse code modulation and differential pulse
code modulation methods of image compression, video compression and MPEG industry standard
5. Audio Compression:
Digital Audio, Lossy sound compression, M-Iaw and A-law compounding, DPCM and ADPCM audio
compression, MPEG audio standard, frequency domain coding, format of compressed data
6. Conventional Encryption:
Security of information, security attacks, classical techniques, Caesar cipher, block ciper principles,
data encryption standard, key generation for DES, block cipher principle, design and modes of
operation, S-box design, triple DES with two three keys, introduction to international data encryption
algorithm, key distribution
7. Number Theory and public encryption:

Modular arithmetic, Fermat's and Euler's theorems, Chinese remainder theorem, discrete logarithm,
principles of public key cryptosystems, RSA algorithm, key management, Diffie-Hellman key
exchange, elliptic curve cryptography.
8. Message Authentication:
Authentication requirements and functions, message authentication codes (MAC), hash functions and
their security, hash and MAC algorithms, digital signatures and authentication protocols, digital
signature standard and algorithms
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on experiment (at
least eight) and assignments along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work.
.
Report on experiments-15 marks. Written Test -10 marks
Text Books:
1. Data Compression - David Salomon,
Springer Verlag Publication
2. Cryptography and Network Security - William Stallings Pearson
Education Asia Publication
3. Introduction to Data Compression - Khalid Sayood Morgan Kaufmann Publication
Reference Books:
1. The Data Compression book - Mark Nelson BPB Publication
2. Applied Cryptography - Bruce Schnecer John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Publication
Sub: Elective I. (4): Microwave Integrated Circuits
1. Hybrid MICs:
Definition, characteristics, comparison with conventional circuits, fields of application and limitations
and criteria for the choice of substrate material; thin film hybrid circuits, thick film hybrid circuits,
artwork, mask making, photolithography, resistor stabilization, sawing, brazing process, wire bonding
2. Monolithic MICs:
Definition, substrate structure, doping by ion implantation ohmic contact, metal resistive layers, gate
metal, dielectric second level metal, dielectric and air bridge vias, substrate vias, final wafer process
steps
3. Micro strip Lines:

Planar wave guides, non- TEM propagation, line impedance definitions,
Quasi-static approximations, quasi-static line parameters, micro strip open circuits and gaps, micro
strip corners, step changes in width, dispersion analysis, micro strip characteristic impedance,
symmetric T junction, full wave analysis of micro strip propagation, LSE and LSM potentials, spectral
domain analysis, dispersion relation for open micro strip, spectral domain impedance analysis,
dispersion relation for open micro strip, spectral domain impedance analysis, Green's functions,
millimeter wave modeling of micro strip lines
4. Coupled Line Propagation:

Wave equations for coupled lines, propagation models, coupled line
Parameters, coupled line parameter variations with frequency, directional couplings, Lange coupler
coupled line pair treated as a four port, coupled line pair operated as a two port assuming Oe = 0o,
low pass filter design assuming Oe =0o, coupled line pair analysed to a two port Oe not equal to 0o,
narrow band filter using coupled resonator, narrow band coupled line filters, suspended substrate strip
lined filters, suspended substrate strip line filter design using method 1 and method 2.
5. Slot Lines:
Analysis, design consideration, transitions and applications
6. Coplanar Waveguide:
Analysis, design considerations and coplanar line circuits
7. Devices:
GaAs FET, HEMT, gunn diode, varactor diodes, PIN diodes YIC resonators, dielectric resonators & their
application in oscillator mixer and amplifiers.
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on eight assignments
on all the topics along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work.

Report on assignments - 15 marks. Written Test -10 marks
Text Books:
1. Microstrip Circuit Analysis - David H. Schrader, Prentice Hall PTR,
New Jersey 07458.
2. Microstrip lines and Slot lines- KC. Gupta, R. Gargand I.J. Bahl, Artech House.
3. MIIC Design: GaAs FETs and HEMTs- Peter Ladbrooke,
Artech House.
4. Foundations for Microstr!p Circuit Design -T.C. Edwards,
John Wiley and Sons
Reference Books:
1. MIC and MMIC Amplifier and Oscillator Circuit Design- Allen Sweet,
Artech House.
2. Handbook of Microwave Integrated Circuits- Reinmut K Hoffman,
Artech House.
Sub: Elective I (3): Radar Engineering
1. Introduction:
Radar set, radar frequencies and radar applications
2. Radar Equation:
Range performance, minimum detectable signal, receiver noise, transmitter power, pulse repetition
frequency, pulse duration, system losses, and propagation effects
3. Radar Targets:
Radar cross-section, black scatter cross section, complex target cross
Section fluctuations, frequency agility effects on target detection and tracking
4. CW, MTI & Pulse Radars:

CW radars, FMCW radar, MFCW radar, MTI radar, Pulse Doppler radar principles, operation,
performance, limitations and applications
5. Radar Clutters:
Surface clutter radar equations, sea clutter, land clutter, effects of weather on radar angles echoes.
6. Tracking radars:
Sequential lobing, conical scan tracking mono-pulse tracking
7. Navigational & Remote Sensing Radars:

Airport radars, meterological radars, airborne radars, Doppler navigation, remote sensing radars,
pattern synthesis, phased array
8. Landing Systems & Hyperbolic Navigation:

Instrument landing systems, ground controlled approach, radio altimeter, microwave landing system,
loran - A, measurement delay, loran-C, DECCA
TERM WORK

Report on assignments-15 marks. Written Test -10 marks
Text Books:
1. Introduction to Radar System - M. I. Skoh1ik, Mc-Graw Hill publication
2. Radar Systems and Radio Aids to Navigation - A. K. Sen & A. B.
Bhattacharya Khanna publication
Sub: Elective I (5): Simulation of Communication Systems
1. Basics of Simulation Modeling:

System model and Simulation, Physical and Mathematical models,
Analytical solutions and simulation output Continuous and Discrete
Simulation models, discrete event simulation: Components and organization of discrete event
scheduling and time advance approaches
a) Simulation of a single server queuing systems
B) Simulation of an Inventory system
Problem statement, program organization and 1ogic, simulation program, simulation output and
Analysis of result
2. Complex system Simulation:

Steps in simulation study, combined discrete continuous simulation, Monte Carlo Simulation. List
processing in Simulation, storing list, linked storage location, simple C based Simulation language
Simlib. Single server queueing Simulation, Simlib program steps and Simulation output
3. Simulation software:
Classification of Simulation software general purpose vs. Application
Oriented Simulation packages, modeling approaches, common modeling Elements entities attributes
resources and queries. Validation of Simulation model, Features of Simulation software, animation
and dynamic graphics, statistical capabilities, documentation, output reports and graphics, general
purpose Simulation package: Arena, Object Oriented Simulation: Modsim
4. Random process:
Random variables, probability density functions and probability distribution functions, Random
members and their properties, Randomness in message arrival time, type and length etc Review of
sampling theorem for band limited signal and its representation using MATLAB, generation of random
variables for specified probability density function. Gaussian process in communication system,
generation of a multivariable gaussian process and its Simulation using MATLAB, Low and Band pass
process Simulation
5. Analog modulation:
Amplitude modulation (double sided, single sided and vestigial side band type) of band limited
message signal and its modulation, frequency analysis of AM signals. MATLAB Simulation of AM signals
Angle modulation (Phase and Frequency) MATLAB Simulation of frequency modulation showing the
spectra of message and modulation signals, comparison of demodulated output signals with the
original message signal
6. Digital signal transmission (Base band and band limited):

Additive white Guassian noise optimal receiver of AWGN channel,
Probability of error, MATLAB Simulation of the above, Monte Carlo Simulation of binary communication
system employing correlators of matched filters. Transmission through band limited channels, power
spectrum of pulse amplitude modulation, channel distribution, MA TLAB Simulation of band limited
channel, modeling as a linear filters (FIR or IIR), characterization of Inter symbolic interface based 'on
transmitter and receiver filters, Communication system design for low ISI, Linear equalization and
their design, equalizer design using MATLAB.
7. Digital Transmission via Carrier Modulation:

Carrier amplitude modulation (ASK), Carrier Phase Modulation (PSK),
Differential phase modulation (DPSK) and demodulation, Quadrature,
Amplitude modulation and demodulation, Carrier frequency modulation (FSK) and demodulation,
MATLAB Simulation of above methods 8.Source coding and channel coding:
Source coding: Huffman coding, Quantization, pulse code modulation, MAT LAB scripts for the
above.Channel coding: Linear block codes, cyclic block codes, Implementation of the above using
MATLAB
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least 'one written test during the term. Report on eight assignments
on all the topics along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work

Text Books:
1. Simulation Modeling and Analysis - Averi1l M. Law & W. David
Kelton McGraw Hill International services
2. Contemporary Communication systems using MATLAB -John G.
Proakis & Masoud Salehi Brooks Cole Thomson Learning Publishers
Reference Books:
1. Discrete Event System Simulation - Jerry Banks
Pearson Education International Series Publishers
2. Simulation of Communication Systems - Jeruelaim Philips Balaban AT & T Bell Lab publ.
3. Simulation Modeling & Analysis - Aberilla David Eltron
EXTC Department Final Year Sem – VIII
Subject: Microwave Devices and Circuits
1. Introduction:
Microwave bands, microwave characteristics, microwave system,
Traditional, industrial and biomedical applications, microwave hazards
2. Transmission line theory:

Circuit representation of transmission line, transmission line equations, sinusoidal excitation of
transmission line, impedance and its transformation, Smith Chart and its applications, impedance
matching
Techniques
3. Microwave Transmission lines:

Co-axial line, rectangular and circular wave guides, introduction to strip lines, microstrip lines and co-
planar wave-guides
4. Wave guide components:
Transmission line resonators, Rectangular and circular cavity resonators, introduction of s-parameters,
Hybrid junctions, Directional couplers, circulators, isolators, wave, guide terminations, Attenuators,
Phase-shifter
5. Microwave tubes:
Reflex klystrons, Multi cavity klystron, Helix TWT,
Coupled cavity TWT, Backward wave oscillator, magnetron, Forward wave cross field Amplifiers
6. Microwave semiconductor devices:

Point contact diodes, Schottky barrier diodes, PIN diodes, varactor diodes, tunnel diodes, Gunn
devices, IMPATT diode, parametric devices,
Detectors and Mixers
7. Microwave measurements:
VSWR, Frequency, Power, Noise, Q Factor, Impedance, Attenuation,
Dielectric Constant, antenna Gain
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on experiment (at

Report on experiments - 15 marks. Written Test -10 marks
Text Books:
1. Microwave engineering passive circuits - Peter A. Rizzi PHI Publication
2. Microwave Devices and circuits - Samuel Liao PHI Publication
3. Microwave Engineering - David Pozar, John Wiley and Sons publication
4. Microwave Engineering and Applications - O.P. Gandhi Pargamon Press publication
Reference Books:
1. Basic Microwave Techniques and laboratory manual- M.L. Sisodia, G. S. Raghuvans Wiley eastern
Limited publication
2. Electromagnetic Field theory fundamentals - Guru & Hisiroglu Thomson Learning publication
Subject: Mobile Communication System
1. Introduction:
Introduction to wire1ess communication systems
2. The cellular concept:

Frequencies reuse handoff, interference, trunking and grade of service, improving the capacity of
cellular systems
3. Mobile radio propagation:

Large scale path loss, reflection, ground reflection model (2 ray model), diffraction, practical link
budget design using path loss models, small scale fading and multi-path, small-scale multi path
propagation, parameter of multi-path channels, types of small scale fading, Raleigh and ricean
distribution, diversity
4. Analog cellular mobile system:

AMPS and ETACS system (overview call handling, air interface,
N_AMPS)
5. Digital cellular mobile system:
GSM-services, features, system architecture, radio subsystem, channel
Types, frame structure, signal processing security aspects, network operations
6. Low power wireless communication systems:

Cordless telephone, CT2, DECT, PHS, PACS
7. CDMA digital cellular standard (1S-95):

Frequency and channel specifications, forward and reverse CDMA channel
8. Mobile terminals:
Over view, types, radiated power, functional architecture, encryption,, subscriber identity module
9. Global mobile satellite system:

Introduction to Iridium system, global star, system, ICO system, telederic system
10. Third generation mobile communication:

System IMT-2000, Introduction, radio aspects, network aspects
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on eight assignments,
covering all the topics along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work.

Report on assignments -15 marks.
Written Test -10 marks
Text Books:
1. Wireless Communications - Theodore S. Rappaport,
Prentice Hall of India, PTR publication
2. Wireless Personal Communications Systems - David J. Goodman Addison Wesley publication
3. GSM Cellular Radio - Joachim Tesal John Wiley publication
Reference Books:
1. Mobile and personal communication systems and services - Raj Pandya Prentice Hall of, India
publication
Subject: Optical Fiber Communication
1. Overview of Optical Fiber Communications:

Communication system applications in the electromagnetic spectrum,
Elements of or fiber transmission link, advantages of optical fiber communication
2. Light Propagation in Optical Fiber:

Filter types, rays and modes, ray theory transmission, electromagnetic mode theory propagation,
single mode and multimode fibers, linearly polarized models
3. Fiber Optics Technology:

Fiber materials, fiber fabrication, fiber optic cables, couplers, splices, connectors
4. Signal Degradation in Optical Fibers:

Alternation, dispersion, bit rate and bandwidths, mode coupling
5. Optical Sources and Detectors:

Related semiconductor physics, light emitting diodes, laser diodes, their
Characteristics, modulation circuits, optical detection principles, quantum efficiency, responsively, n
time photo detector noise, PIN and Avalanche photodiodes
6. Optical Receiver Operation:
Noise, Receiver capacitance, receiver structures, pre-amplifiers
7. Optical Fiber Systems:

Link power budget, rise time budget, analog systems, digital systems,
Coherent systems- homodyne and heterodyne detection, multiplexing
8. Optical Fiber Measurements:

Measurement of attenuation, dispersion, refractive index profile, numerical aperture diameter, OTDR
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least two written test during the term. Report on experiments (at
least six from the list of suggested experiments) along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted
as term work.

Text Books:
1. Optical Fiber Communication - John Senion Prentice Hall of India
Publication
2. Optical Fiber Communication - Gred Keiser Mc- Graw Hill Publication
Reference Books:
1. Fiber Optic Communication - Djafar K. Mynbarv, Lowell L. Scheiner
2. Optical Fiber Communication - Selvarajan, Subartkar, T. Srinivas Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publication
Sub: Satellite Communications
1. Introduction:
General background, frequency allocations for satellite services, basic satellite system, and system
design considerations, applications
2. Satellite Orbits:
Introduction, laws governing satellite motion, orbital parameters, orbital perturbations, Doppler
effects, geostationary orbit, antenna look angles, antenna mount, limits of visibility, Earth eclipse of
satellite, sun transit outage, inclined orbits, sun-synchronous orbit, launching of geostationary
satellites
3. Wave Propagation and Polarization:

Introduction, atmospheric losses, ionospheric effects, rain attenuation, other impairments, antenna
polarization, polarization of satellite signals, cross polarization discrimination, ionospheric
depolarization, rain depolarization, ice depolarization
4. Satellite Antenna:
Antenna basics, aperture antennas, parabolic reflectors, offset feed, double reflector antenna shaped
reflector systems
5. Link Design:
Introduction, transmission losses, link power budget equation, system
Noise, carrier to noise ratio for uplink and downlink, combined uplink and downlink carrier to noise
ratio, inter modulation noise
6. Communication Satellites:
Introduction, design considerations, lifetime and reliability, spacecraft sub systems, spacecraft mass
and power estimations, space segment cost estimates
7. Earth Stations:
Introduction, design considerations, general configuration and characteristics
8. Multiple Access Techniques:

Introduction, FDMA, TDMA, FDMA/DMA, operation in a multiple beam environment, CDMA, multiple
access examples
9. Non Geostationary Orbit Satellite Systems:

Introduction, reasons, design considerations, case study, example of
Systems
Term Work:

Text Books:
1. Satellite Communications - Dennis Roddy - 3rd edition, Mc-Graw Hill
Publication
2. Sateliite Communications systems - M. Richharia - 2nd edition
Mc Millan publication
Subject: Elective II (1) Wireless Networks
1. An overview of 2nd and 3rd generation air interfaces:

Introduction, PCS Standardization, major attributes of COMA systems, 3 G systems
2. CDMA IS - 95 Call Processing:

Introduction, CDMA call processing state, CDMA registration, authentication
3. Soft hand off and power control in CDMA:

Introduction, types of hand off, Pilot sets, search windows, handoff
Parameters, handoff messages, handoff processing setup and end of soft handoff, pilot set
maintenance
4. Reverse and Forward link Capacity of a CDMA system:

Introduction, Reverse parameters in CDMA, multi-cell networks, inter-cell interference, reverse link
capacity, cell loading, cell radius, Erlang capacity of a single cell, forward link capacity COMA cell size,
Forward and reverse link balance, forward link budget
5. CDMA 2000 System:

Introduction, layering structure, logical channels used by PLlCF, physical layer, forward link physical
channels, forward link features, reverse physical channels, media access control and LAC sub-layer
data services, mapping of logical channels to physical channels, evolution of COMA one to COMA 2000
systems
6. Wireless Local Loop:

Introduction, user requirement for a WLL system, WLL systems, WLL architecture, capacity of a COMA
WLL, W-COMA WLL, Air-loop WLL system
7. Wireless Application protocol, Bluetooth:

Introduction, Wireless Application protocol, goals of WAP, WAP programming model, WAP architecture,
Bluetooth, Bluetooth protocol stack, Bluetooth link types, Bluetooth security, network connection
establishment in Bluetooth, error connection in Bluetooth, network topology on Bluetooth, Bluetooth
usage models, application of WAP and
Bluetooth
Term Work:

Report on assignments 15 marks. Written Test -10 marks
Text Book:
1. Wireless Network Evolution 2 G to 3 G - Vijay K. Garg
Prentice Hall PTR publication
2. Mobile and Personal Communication Systems and Services - Raj Pandya
Prentice Hall of India Publication
3. Mobile Communications - Schiller Addison Wesly Publication
Sub: Elective II (2) Digital Voice Communication
1. Telephony Background:
Analogue networks, switching systems, transmission systems, modulation, multiplexing, signaling,
subscriber loop design, calculating resistl:1nce Limit, calculating loss limit, voice digitization, pulse
code modulation (PCM), time division multiplexing, high order PCM multiplex systems, traffic analysis,
traffic characterization, arrivl:1l and holding time, loss systems, lost calls, network blocking
probabilities, delay systems, measurement of traffic congestion, lost calls and grade of. Service,
availability, Handling of calls, infinite and finite traffic sources, probability distribution curves, erlange
and Poisson traffic formulas
2. Digital switching and networks:

Space division switching, time division switching, time space time (TST) switch, space time space
(STS) switch, comparison of TST and STS switches, network synchronization, control and
management, timing, timing inaccuracies, network synchronization, network control,
Network management
3. Integrated service digital network (ISDN):

ISDN overview, conceptual network, ISDN protocol structure and standards, ISDN interfaces and
functions, transmission structure, user network interface, ISDN protocol architecture, ISDN
connection, addressing, internetworking, ISDN physical layer: basic rate user network interface
primary rate user network interface, U interface, ISDN data link layer: LPAD protocol, terminal
adaptation, bearer channel data link control, ISDN network layer: basic call control, control of
supplementary services, signaling system no. 7 (SS7): signaling date link level, signaling link level,
network level, ISDN signaling connection control part, ISDN user port, broadband ISDN(B - ISDN): (B
- ISDNS) standards, architecture protocol reference model, B-ISDN, physical layer
4. Access Technologies:
High-speed digital subscriber loops (DSL), ADSL, HDSL, VDSI, wireless local loop (WLL)
5. Voice over IP:

TCP/IP protocol family, internet protocol (IP) header, IP addressing, internet control manage message
protocol (ICMP), transport protocol, quality of service on IP, Ethernet frame, LAN queing, resource
reservation protocol (RSVP), multi protocol label switching, real time protocol (RTP), session initiation
protocol (SIP). H.323 standard media gateway control protocol, voice over IP gateway case studies,
voice coding, properties of speech, waveform coding, vocoding, hybrid coding, telephony, signaling
call set up, local loop. PBX interfaces
6. Voice over other packet networks:

Voice over frame relay (VoFR), frame relay frame format, frame length handling, fragmentation,
frame prioritization, frame loss handling, echo cancellation, silence suppression telephony signaling,
VoFR standard, voice over A TM, A TM cell format, A TM protocol stack, A TM adaptation layer, IP over
ATM, frame relay over ATM
Term Work:
on all the topics along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as
Term work

Report on assignments -- 15 marks. Written Test -10 marks
Text Books:
1. Digital Telephony - John C. Bellamy
2. ISDN and Broadband ISDN with Frame Relay and A TM – William Stalling. 4th Edition, Pearson
education Asia publication
3. Voice & Data Interworking - Gil Held Tata McGraw Hill publication.
Reference Books:
1. IP Telephony - Oliver Hersent, David Gurle & Jean - Pierre Petit
Edition: 2001, Pearson Education Asia publication
2. Voice over packet networks - David J. Wright. John Wiley Publication
Sub: Elective II (3): Telecommunication Network Management
1. Foundations:
Network management standards, network management model, organization model, information model
abstract syntax notation 1 (ASN.1), encoding structure, macros, functional model
2. Network management application functional requirements:

Configuration management, fault management, performance management, Error correlation
technology, security management, accounting management, common management, report
management, polity based management, service level management, management service, community
definitions, capturing the requirements, simple and formal approaches, semi formal and formal
notations
3. Telecommunication management network (TMN) architecture:

Terminology, functional architecture, information architecture, physical architecture, TNN cube, TMN
and OSI
4. Common management information service element (CMISE):

CMISE model, service definitions, errors, scooping and filtering features, synchronization, functional
units, association services, common management information protocol (CMIP) specification
5. Information Modeling for TMN:

Rationale for information modeling, management information model, object oriented modeling
paradigm, structure of management information, managed object class definition, management
information base (MIB)
6. Simple network management protocol (SNMP):

SNMPv1: managed networks, SNMP models, organization model, information model, SNMPv2
communication model, functional model, major changes in SNMPv2, structure of management
information (SMI),
MIB, SNMPv2 protocol, compatibility with SNMPv1, SNMPv3, architecture, applications, MIB security,
remote monitoring (RMON) SMI and MIB, RMQN1 and RMON2
7. Network management examples:

ATM integrated local management interface, ATM MIB. M1, M2, M3, M4, Interfaces, ATM digital
exchange interface management, digita1 subscriber loop (DSL) and asymmetric DSL (ADSL)
technologies, ADSL configuration management, performance management
8. Network management tools:
Network statistics management, network management system, management platform case studies:
OPENVIEW, ALMAP.
Term Work:
on all the topics along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work

Report on assignments - 15 marks. Written Test - 10 marks
Text Books:
1. Network Management: Principles and Practice - Mani Subramanian,
Addison Wesley, Pearson Education Asia publication.
2. Fundamentals of Telecommunication Network Management – Lakshmi Raman IEEE Communication
Society, Prentice Hall of India Edition 1999
3. Telecommunication Network Management: Technologies and implementations - Airdarous Salah,
Plevyak Thomas. Prentice Hall of India
Reference Books:
1. Telecommunication Network Management - Haojin Wang
Mc- Graw Hill Professional Publication
Subject: Elective II (4): Microwave Amplifier and Oscillator Design
1. S - Parameters:
Definition and use with amplifiers
2. Noise in linear 2 port:
3. Microwave transistor s- parameters and tuning elements:

Microwave bipolar transistor, DC Biasing, impedance matching, example of transistor s -parameters
and noise parameters
4. Amplifier Design:
One stage
5. High power Amplifier Design:

Device modeling and characterization, optimum loading, single stage design, multistage design
6. Oscillator Design:
Compressed Smith chart, series and parallel resonance, resonator, 2-port oscillator design, Negative
resistance from transistor model oscillator, Q and output power, noise in oscillators, analytical
approach to optimum oscillator design using S-parameters, non linear oscillator mode, oscillator
design using non linear CAD tools
7. Microwave Mixer Design:

Diode mixer theory, single diode mixer, balanced mixer, FET mixer theory, balanced FET mixer
8. Microwave Control Circuit Design:
9. Microwave rectifier and detector design:
TERM WORK:
Reference Books:
1. Microwave Circuit Design - George D. Vendelin, Anthony M. Pavio &
Ulrich L. Rehde John Wiley & Sons publication
1. Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics - Matthew M. Radmanesh Pearson Education Asia
publication
Subject: Elective II (5): Optical Networks
1. Optical Amplifiers:
Stimulated emission, Spontaneous emission, erbium- doped fiber amplifiers, praseodymium doped
fiber amplifiers, semiconductor optical amplifiers, noise accumulation and network size restriction
2. Optical Filters:
Overview, Silica waveguide type filters, bulk type filters, other filters
3. Photonic Switches:
Time Division Switching (TDS), Wave Division Switching (WDS), fast - packet f3witching, multi
dimensional switching system, OTDM, broadcast OTDM networks
4. First Generation Optical networks:

SONET/SDH, computer interconnects, metropolitan area networks, layered architecture, high speed
local area networks (LAN), single and multi-hop optical FDM local area networks, WDM and DWDM
5. Broadcast and select networks:

Topologies, Media Access Control (MAC), protocols, test beds
6. Wavelength Routing Networks:

Optical layer, mode designs, network design and operation, optical layer cost trade offs, routing and
wavelength assignment
7. Virtual Topology Design (VTD):

Virtual Topology design problems, combined SONET / WDM problem, integer linear programming
formulation, regular virtual topologies, implementation in broadcast and select networks
8. Access networks:
Network architecture overview, access networks - HFC & FTTC, Optical access network architecture
Term Work:

Report on assignments -15 marks. Written Test - 10 marks
+Reference Books:
1. Optical Networks - Rajiv Ramaswami. Kumar N. Sivarajan Hartcourt
Asia PTE limited publication.
2. Optical FDM Network technologies - Kiyoshi Nasu Artech House Inc.
Publication
3. Photonics in switching, Vol II - Edited by John E. Midwinter, Academic Press publication
4. Optical Networking & WDM - Walter Goralski Tat Mc-Graw Hill
Publication
Sub: Elective II (6): Internet Communication Engineering

1. Introduction to TCP/IP:
TCP/IP networking model, layer functions, TCPIIP protocols, services, sockets and ports,
encapsulations, differences between ISO and internet layering
2. Internetworking layer:
Internet protocol (IP) datagram header fields and their functions, Internet control message protocol,
IP address classes, broadcast, multicast and special addresses , network space and host space,
subnets and super nets, private IP addresses, classless inter domain routing (CIDR), CIDR sub net
addressing, variable length in CIDR subnet addressing
3. Transport layer:
User datagram protocol (UDP) header fields and their functions, pseudo header, transmission control
protocol (TCP), need for stream delivery, properties of reliable stream delivery, TCP header fields,
ports, connections, end points, passive and active open, segment, stream and sequence numbers,
variable window size and flow control, out of band data, checksum, acknowledgement and
retransmission, round trip samples, Karn's algorithm, timer back off, response to delay variation and
congestion, TCP state machine, connection establishment
4. Domain name system (DNS):

Internet domain name, mapping domain name and address, domain nameresolution, efficient
translation, caching, DNS server message
Format, compressed name format, abbreviation of name, inverse mapping, pointer queries
5. Dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP):

IP address, management with DHCP, standard address discovery process, address renewal process,
address release process, DHCP packet structure
6. IP Routing:
Table driven routing, next hop routing, default routing, the IP routing algorithm, distance vector
protocol, link state protocol, routing characteristics, convergence, split horizon, poison reverse, time
to line, areas, autonomous system, border routers, routing information protocol (RIP), open shortest
path first (OSPF), border gateway protocol (BGP), internet control message protocol(ICMP), ping, echo
request and reply message format, congestion and datagram flow control, source quelch, route
discovery
7. TCP/IP Security:
IP security (IP Sec.), authentication header (AH), encapsulating security payload (ESP),mutable
header fields, tunneling, firewalls and internet access, firewall implementation, packet filtering, proxy
access through firewall, network address translation (NAT), port mapped NAT
8. IP Version6 (IPv6):
IPv6 address format and types, routing considerations, packet header fields and their functions, auto
configuration, quality of service, security, mobile users
9. Voice and Video over Internet:

Voice digitization standards for voice over IP, code excited linear predictive coders (CELP), G.729,
G.723.1 and G.728 standards, telephony and internet approaches for voice over IP, digital video,
MPEG-2, MPEG- 4, MPEG-6, H.323 architecture, H.323 protocol stack, gatekeeper, admission and
status operations, internet multimedia protocols, RTP, Real time control protocol, RSVP, IP multicast,
MBONE
Term Work:

Report on assignments - 15 marks. Written Test - 10 marks
Text Books:
1. Internetworking with TCP/IP, Vol. 1- Douglas Comer
Prentice Hall of India publication
2. IP Telephony - Oliver Hersent, David Gurle & Jean Pierre Petit. Edition - 2001 Pearson Education
Asia publication
Reference Books:
1. Advanced Internet Technologies - Uyless Black Prentice Hall of India'
Publication
2. Guide to TCP/IP - Laura A. Chappell, Ed. Tittel
Thomson learning publication
EXTC Department Second Year Sem – III
Subject: Applied Mathematics – III
1. Laplace Transform:
1. l. Functions of bounded variation
Laplace transforms of 1,tn, eat, sinat ,cosat, sinhat and coshat, erf{t),
Linear Property of LT, First shifting theorem, Second shifting theorem L{tn f(t)}, L{f(t)/t},
L{*f(u)du}, L{dn/dt n f(t)}, Change of scale
Property of L.T. Unit step functions, Heaviside, Dirac delta functions, Periodic functions and
their Laplace transforms.
1.2 Inverse Laplace Transforms
Evaluation of Inverse LT, Partial fractions method, Convolution theorem
1.3 Applications to solve initial and boundary value problems
Involving ordinary diff. Equations with one dependent variable
2. Matrices (I):
2.1 Types of matrices, Ad joint of a matrix, Inverse of a matrix, Rank of
Matrix; Linear dependence and independence of rows and columns of a matrix over a real
field, Reduction to normal form and partitioning of a matrix
2.2 Systems of Homogeneous and non-homogeneous equations, their consistency and solutions
3. Complex Variables:
3.1 Functions of complex variables, Continuity and derivability of a
Function, Analytic functions, Necessary condition for f(z) to be analytic, sufficient condition
(without proof),Cauchy-Riemann conditions in polar forms. Analytical and Milne-Thomson
method to find analytic functions f(z)_u+ iv where (i) u is given (ii) v is given (iii) u+v (iv)u-v
is given. , Harmonic functions and orthogonal trajectories
3.2 Mapping
Conformal mapping, Bilinear mapping, Fixed points and standard transformation, inversion,
reflection, rotation and magnification
4. Fourier Series:
4. 1 Orthogonality and orthonormal functions, Expression_ for a function in a series of orthogonal
functions, Diriclhet's conditions, Fourier series of periodic functions with period 2 A and 2l
(Derivations of fourier coefficients_ao, an, bn is not expected) Diriclets Theorem Even and Odd
functions. Half range sine and cosine expansions Parseval's Identities (without proof)
4.2 Complex form of Fourier series
Fourier integral and Fourier transform with properties in detail.
References:
1. P.N.Wartikar/IN.Wartikar, Text book Applied Mathematics, Pune

Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, 1981.
2. Matrices Shantinarayan
3. Vector Analysis Murray R. Stiegel, Schaum Series.
Subject: Electronics – I
1. Diode applications:
Limiters, clampers, voltage multipliers
2. Special purpose diodes:

Zener diode, schottky barrier, varactor, optical diodes, PIN diodes,
Laser diodes
3. Biasing of BJT:
DC operating point, BJT characteristics & parameters, fixed bias, emitter bias with and without
emitter resistance, analysis of above circuits and their design, variation of operating point and its
stability.
4. Biasing of FET:
Types of FET, characteristics and parameters of JFET, MOSFET, enhancement MOSFET, different
biasing circuits, their analysis and design, location of operating point and its stability, CMOS
devices.
5. Small Signal BJT amplifiers:

AC equivalent circuit, hybrid, re model and their use in amplifier design. BJT as switch, BJT as a
diode, emitter coupled pair, design considerations.
6. Small signal FET amplifiers:

AC operating point, common source, common drain, common gate characteristics.
7. Power Circuits:
Filters (L, LC, C, Multiple LC, pi) regulators using zener, BJT in series, BJT in shunt
8. Power switching and control devices:

Characteristics, ratings and applications of silicon controlled switch (SCS), Shockley diode, DIAC,
TRIAC, UJT, PUT, Photo transistor, light activated SCR, optical couplers, IGBT, Power MOSFET.
Text Books:
1. Electronic devices- Floyd

2. Microelectronic Circuits, analysis & design- Rashid
PWS Publishing Company.
Reference Books:
1. Electronic devices and circuit theory- Robert L. Boylestad.

2. Microelectronics- Jacob Millman & Arcin Grabel
Mc-Graw Hill publication
Subject: Electrical Network
1. Network Analysis:
DC Network Analysis with independent and dependent sources, AC Network analysis.
2. Graph Theory:
Fundamental definitions, The Incidence matrix, The Loop matrix and cut- set matrix, Loop,
Node and Node- pair definitions.
1. Time response of first and second order systems:

Initial conditions, Evaluation and Analysis of Transient and steady state responses using classical
technique and Laplace Transform
4. Network Functions:
Network functions for the one port and two port networks, Driving point and transfer
functions, Poles and Zeros of Network functions and constraints on their locations, Time
domain behavior as related to the Pole-Zero plot.
5. Two -port parameters:
Open circuit, short circuit, transmission and hybrid parameters, relationship between
parameter sets, reciprocity and symmetry conditions, interconnection of two-port networks,
T and Pi representation, Terminated two-port networks.
6. Elements of reliability theory:

Causality and Stability, Hurwitz Polynomials, Positive real
Functions
7. Fundamentals of Network Synthesis (for driving point functions only):

Elementary Synthesis Procedures, Properties and synthesis of L-C, RC and R-L impedance and
admittance functions, synthesis of R-L-C functions.
Term work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term
Report on experiments (at least eight from the list of suggested experiments) along with a graded
answer paper shall be submitted as term work.
Text Books:
1. Network Analysis- M.E. Van Valkenburg
PHI publication
2. Network Analysis and systems- Frenklin F.Kuo
John Wiley & sons publications
3. Electrical Network Theory- Balabancan and Bickart
Robert E Kreigewr publishing company
Subject: Digital Logic Design
1. Number Systems:
Decimal, binary, octal hexadecimal number system and
Conversion, binary weighted codes, signed numbers, 1s and 2s complement Codes, Binary arithmetic
2. Boolean Algebra:
Binary logic functions, Boolean laws, truth tables, associative
And distributive properties, De Morgans theorems, realization of switching
Functions using logic gates
3. Combinational logic:
Switching equations, canonical logic forms, sum of product &
Product of sums, Karnaugh maps, two, three and four variable Karnaugh
Maps, simplification of expressions, Quine-McCluskey minimization
Technique, mixed logic combinational circuits, multiple output functions
4. Analysis and design of Combinational logic:

Introduction to combinational circuits, code conversions,
Decoder, encoder, priority encoder, multiplexers as function generators,
Binary adder, substractor, BCD adder, Binary comparator, arithmetic logic
Units
5. Sequential logic:
Sequential circuits, flip-flops, clocked and edge triggered flip-flops,
Timing specifications, asynchronous and synchronous counters,
Counter design with state equations, Registers, serial in serial out shift
Registers, tristate registor, timing considerations
6. Sequential circuits:
State diagrams and tables, transition table, excitation table and
Equations, Examples using flip-flops, Analysis of simple synchronous
Sequential circuits, construction of state diagram, counter design.
7. Programmable logic:
Programmable logic devices, programmable read only memory,
Programmable logic arrays and programmable array logic, Design using
PLA, field programmable gate an arrays
8. Digital integrated circuits:

Logic levels, propagation delay time, power dissipation fan-out
And fan-in, noise margin, logic families and their characteristics TTL, LSTTL CMOS and ECL integrated
circuits and their performance comparison, open collector and tristate gates and buffers.
Term work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the
Term. Report at least six experiments and 2 assignments, both together
Covering eight topics of the syllabus, along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term
work.
Text book:
1. Digital Logic- Applications and Design- Jhon M. Varbrough
PWS publishing company, Brooks/cole Thomson Learning Publication
Reference Books:
1. Digital Systems Design- Jhon P. Uyemura,
Brookes, cole publishing Co. Publication
2. Digital Design-John F.Wakerly, LP
LP edition of Pearson Education, Asia publication
Subject: Numerical Techniques
1. Errors in numerical computation:

Their types, analysis and estimation, Error propagation
2. Roots of equations (including relevant engineering

Applications):
Bracketing methods- the Bisection method, the false position
Method, Open methods- the Newton Raphson method, the secant method
3. Systems of Linear Algebraic equations (including relevant engineering applications):

Gauss elimination method- technique, pitfalls, improvement,
Gauss Jordan method, LU decomposition and matrix, GAUSS Siedel
Method
4. Curve fitting (including relevant engineering application):

Interpolation- Newton divided difference, Lagrange-
Interpolating polynomials, least square approximations technique, linear-
Regression and polynomial regression
5. Numerical differentiation (including relevant engineering

Applications):
Methods based on interpolation and finite differences
6. Numerical Integration (including relevant engineering

Applications):
The Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s 1/3 rule, Simpson’s 3/8 rule.
7. Solution to Ordinary differentiation equations (including

Relevant engineering applications):
Taylor series method, Picard’s method of successive
Approximation, Runge- Kutta methods, Euler’s method, Euler’s predicator
Corrector method, Runga- Kutta method of second and forth order,
Boundary value and Eigan value problems.
8. Optimization (including relevant engineering applications and

Transportation problems):
One dimensional unconstrained- Golden section search, Quadratic interpolation, Newton’s method,
multidimensional unconstraine- Direct method, Gradient method, linear programming
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the
Term The term work will comprise of developing and testing at least ten
Application programs using various techniques to solved related problems.
(Programming language C/C++ will be used) and at least five computers
Using tools like MATLAB.
Text Books:
1. Numerical methods for engineers- Seven C Chapra, Raymond P
Canale
Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publication
2. Applied Numerical Methods for Engineers (Using MATLAB and c)-Robert J Schilling, Sandra L.Harris
Thomson Learning publication
Subject: Principles of Control Systems
1. Introduction:
Open loop and closed loop systems, servomechanisms, basic
Structure of a feedback control system
2. Dynamic Models and Responses:

Dynamic model of an RLC network, state variable model,
impulse response model, transfer function model, standard test/ disturbance signals and their models,
transfer function model and dynamic response of a second order electrical system.
3. Control System Components:

Basic units of a feedback control system, reduction of system
Block diagrams, signal flow graphs, Mason’s gain rule, block diagram
Reduction using Mason’s gain rule, operational amplifier used as an error
Detector, servo potentiometer, DC and AC servomotors, DC and
AC servomotors, tachogenerator, stepper motor, synchros, block diagram
Model of a typical control system using simplified subsystem, transfer
Function blocks.
4. Feedback Control System Characteristics:

Stability, sensitivity, disturbance rejection, steady state
Accuracy, transient and steady state responses of a second order system
Effect of additional zeros and pole locations and dominant poles, steady
State error constants, system type numbers and error compensation
.
5. System Stability analysis and compensation Design:
System stability bounds, routh stability criterions, relative
Stability and range of stability, root locus concept, system characteristic
Equation, plotting root loci, design of cascade lag-lead compensation, minor loop (rate) feedback
compensation
6. Nyquist Criterion and Stability Margins:

Nyquist stability criterions, Nyquist plot, gain and phase
Margins, bode plot of magnitude and phase and determination of stability
Margins
7. Feedback System Performance:

Performance specifications in frequency domain, correlation
Between domain and time domain specifications, constant -M circles,
Nichols chart, stability margins from sensitivity function. Design of cascade
Lag lead compensation using BODE plot. Minor loop (rate) feedback
Compensation
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during
the term . Report of at least eight experiments and two assignments, both
Together covering all the topics of the syllabus along with a graded answer
Paper shall be submitted as term work.
Text Book:
1. Control Systems- Principles and Design- M. Gopal
Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publication
Reference Books:
1. Control Systems Engineering-I.J Nagrath and M.Gopal
New Age International Publishers
2. Modern Control Engineering- Katsuhiko Ogata
Prentice Hall of India publication
EXTC Department Second Year Sem – IV
Subject: Applied Mathematics – IV
1. Vector calculus & Analysis:

1.1 Scalar and vector point functions, Directional derivative, Curl and
Divergence, Conservative, lrrotational and solenoidal fields
1.2 Line integral, Green’s theorem for plane regions and properties of
Line integral, Stroke's theorem, Gauss's divergence theorem (with out
Proof) related identities and deductions.
2. Matrices (II):
2.1 Brief revision of vectors over real field, Inner product. Norm, Linear
Independence and orthogonality of vectors
2.2 Characteristic polynomial, characteristic equation, characteristic roots
And characteristics vectors of a square matrix, Properties of
Characteristic roots & vectors of different Types of matrices such as
Orthogonal matrix, Hermitian matrix, Skew -Hermitian matrix,
Diagonable matrix, Cayley Hamilton's theorem (without proof),
Functions of a square matrix, Minimal polynomial and Derogatory
Matrix
2.3 Quadratic forms, congruent and orthogonal reduction of quadratic
Form, Rank, index, signature and class value of quadratic form.
3. Complex variables:
3.1 Line integral of a function of complex variable, Cauchy’s theorem for
Analytic function (with proof), Cauchy's Goursat theorem (without proof), Properties of Line
integral, Cauchy's integral formula and deductions
3.2 Singularities and poles:
Taylor's and Laurent's development (without proof), Residue at
Isolated singularity and its evaluation
3.3 Residue Theorem applications to evaluate real integrals of type
0*2O f (CosP, Sin P) DP and Q*Q f(x) dx
References:
1. Complex Variable - Churchill, MC-Graw Hill, 2nd edition, 1960,
2. Theory of Function Complex Variable - Shantinarayanan, S, Chand & Co. 1979.
3. Engineering Mathematics - S.S.Sastri, Prentice Hall of India, 2nd edition, 1989.
4. Element of Applied Mathematics - P,N.Wartikar/lN.Wartikar, Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, 1981.
Subject: Signal & Systems
1. Introduction:
Signals, systems, classification of signals, elementary signals - analog and
Discrete signals Basic operation of signals classification of system
2. Time domain representation for linear time invariant systems (analog & Discrete):
Convolution, series and parallel connection of systems, causal, non-causal, memory less with memory,
stable invertible systems, de-convolution, impulse, step and differential equation representation for L
TI systems. (RC, RLC, Ckt). State variable description
3. Fourier representation for continuous time and discrete time signals:

Representation of signals in terms of orthogonal functions, orthonormal
Signals, Fourier series discrete time Fourier series, Fourier transform,
Discrete time Fourier transform, their properties Fourier transform
Representation of periodic signals
4. Laplace transforms:
Introduction to Laplace transforms, its properties, LT of elementary signals
Unilateral Laplace transforms Inversion of Laplace transform, using L.T. with or without initial
conditions, Transfer function of system, state variable
Description
5. Z – transform:
Introduction, Z transform of elementary signals, ROC, Properties of Z
Transform, Inversion of Z transform, system function, solution of difference
Equation, unilateral Z transforms.
6. State space analysis:

State variable model, transfer function from state variable model and vice
Versa diagonalization, equivalent state equations, solution of LTI state
Equations, Laplace transform method, state equation discrete time systems, Discretisation of
continuous time state equations.
Assignment/ Tutorial:
1. Elementary signal continuous time and discrete time and basic
Operations on them
2. Classification of signals and systems- causal/ non-causal. T.I/ L.T.I,
Stable/ unstable.
3. Convolution of continuous time and discrete time sequences.
4. Laplace transform of sequences using properties.
5. Z properties and ROC.
6. Solution of difference and differential equations.
7. Fourier series of periodic signals
8. Fourier transform of signum function, impulse and aperiodic signals.
9. State variable model of a system, impulse and aperiodic signals.
10. Unilateral Laplace transform
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during
the term. At least eight assignments from the suggested list along with a
Grade answer paper shall be submitted as term work.
The distribution of marks will be as follows:

Assignments- 15 marks
Written marks-10marks
Text Books:
1. Signal and Systems- Simon Haykin & Barry van veen, John Wiley
Publication
2. Signal and systems- Oppenheim & Willsky, Prentice hall of India
Publication
Reference Books:
1. Signals and systems- I.J Nagrath, S.N Sharan, Tata Mc-graw Hill
Publication
2. Signal processing and linear systems- B.P. Lathi, Oxford publication.
3. Analog and digital signal processing- Ashok Ambardar, Thomson
Learning publication
Subject: Wave Shaping Techniques
1. Voltage time base generators:

General features of a time base signal,
exponential sweep circuit, sweep circuits using UJT, fixed amplitude sweep, transistor constant current
sweep, miller and bootstrap time base generators (transistor based), compensating networks
2. Timer and Applications:
IC 555 timer functional block diagram, 555 in Astable and monostable
Modes, typical applications like ramp generator, missing pulse detector,
PWM modulator, PPM modulator, Schmitt trigger
3. Waveform generators:
Using OP-Amps - Schmitt trigger, square and triangular wave generators,
VCO, pulse generators, staircase generator, function generator ICs - 566,
8038, XR 2206
4. Voltage regulators:
IC 723 - Functional block diagram, design of low and high voltage
Regulators, current limiting, Three terminal regulator ICs like 78XX series
and 2M317. Switching mode regulators using IC PWM3524
5. Signal conditioning and data conversion:

S/H circuits, analog MUX and DEMUX, D/A and A/D converters, Electronic Analog Computation,
Analog multipliers, precision AC/DC converters
Term work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term.
Report on experiments (at least eight from the list of suggested experiments) along with a graded
answer paper shall be submitted as term-work.
The distribution of term- work will be as follows:

Report on experiment-15 marks.
Written test: -10 marks
Text Books:
1. Pulse, Digital and switching waveforms- Millman and Taub, Mc-
Graw Hill publication
2. Microelectronics- Millman and Grabel, Mc-Graw Hill publication
3. Integrated circuits- K.R Botkar, Khanna publication
Reference Books:
1. Linear Integrated Circuits: Dr. Roy Chaudary, Shail Jain, Wiley
Eastern limited publication.
2. Designing with op-amps- Sergio Franco, Mc-Graw Hill publication
(International edition)
Subject: Electronics-II
1. Frequency response:
General concepts, decibels, low frequency response Characteristic, Gain Bandwidth product, high
frequency response, frequency response, frequency response of cascade amplifiers, effect of low
frequency and high frequency on coupling and bypass capacitors.
2. Multistage amplifiers:
RC coupled .transformer coupled, direct coupled, Low and
High frequency considerations, cascade amplifier, Darlington pair, their
Performance, Analysis and design considerations of multistage amplifiers,
Effect of source and load resistance
3. Feedback amplifiers:
Feedback concept, ideal feedback amplifier, classification of feedback's, Topology, analysis and design
of different types of negative feedback, General analysis of multistage feedback and multiloop
feedback amplifiers.
4. Large Signal Amplifiers:

Harmonic distortion and power efficiency of Class A, B, AB and
C amplifiers, Thermal considerations and design selection of heat sinks.
5. Oscillators:
Principle of oscillation, RC oscillator, Wein bridge oscillator,
Twin T oscillator with LC feedback, Colpitt oscillator, clapp oscillator,
Armstrong oscillator, Crystal controlled oscillator.
6. Operation Amplifiers:
Differential amplifiers, their types, small signal analysis, differential stage, level shifter & other blocks
integrated OP-Amp, Study of Op-Amp parameters like open loop/ closed loop response, frequency
response, positive and negative feedback, stability, slew rate Op-Amp using MOS, BiCMOS, JFET.
7. Applications of OP-Amp:
Comparator, adder, substractor, integrator, differentiator,
Instrumentation amplifier, log, antilog amplifier
Term Work:
least six from the list of suggested experiments) along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted
as term work. Report on experiments will further include at least four simulation experiments making
a total of eight experiments.

Report of experiments - 15 marks
Written Test - 10 marks
Text Books:
1. Electronic devices- Floyd
2. Microelectronic Circuits and circuit theory- Rashid.
PWS Publishing Company.
Reference books:
1. Electronics devices and circuit theory-Robert L. Boylestad
2. Microelectronics-Jacob Millman & Arcin Grabel
Subject: Principal of Communication Engineering
1. Introduction:
Elements of a communication system, modulation and demodulation Noise in communication
systems, signal-to-noise ratio, noise factor and noise figure, equivalent noise temperature.
2. Amplitude Modulation:
DSB full carrier AM- principles, modulator circuits, transmitters Different types of AM, suppressed
carrier AM, SSB, ISB- principles , transmitters.
3. Angle modulation:
Frequency modulation, phase modulation, effect of noise, FM modulators, transmitters
4. Radio receivers:
Receiver characteristics, TRF and Superheterodyne receivers, AM detectors, FM detectors, receiver
circuits
5. Analog Pulse modulation:
Sampling theorem for low- pass and band – pass signals- proof with spectrum, aliasing .Sampling
techniques-principle, generation, demodulation, spectrum PAM, PWM, PPM-generation and detection.
6. Digital transmission:
Quantization, quantization error, non-uniform quantizing, encoding, PCM, DPCM, Delta modulation,
Adaptive Delta modulation- transmission system, and width
7. Multiplexing:
Principle of TDM, FDM, Multiplexing hierarchies
8. Line codes and their spectra
Text Books:
1. Wayne Tomasi, Electronics Communication systems, Pearson
Education 3rd edition, 2001
2. Roy Blake, Electronics Communication systems, Thomson Asia pvt.Ltd, Singapore, 2nd edition,
2002
3. Leon W. Couch, Digital and Analog Communication systems, Pearson education, 6th edition
4. Herbert Taub and Donald Schilling, Principles of Communication
Systems, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd edition
(Text books 3 & 4 for digital transmission and multiplexing topics only)
Term work:
The term work shall consist of at least eight experiments based on the whole syllabus, duly recorded
and graded. This will carry a weightage of
15 marks A test shall be conduced and will carry a weightage of 10
Marks
Subject: Electromagnetic Wave Theory
1. Coulomb’s law and electric field intensity:

Coulomb’s law, electric field intensity, calculation of electric field intensity for various charge
distributions, streamlines and sketches of field.
2. Electric flux density and Gauss’s law:

Electric flux density, Gauss’s law, vector operator and divergence theorem.
3. Energy and potential:

Energy expended in moving a point charge in an electric field, line integral, line integral, potential and
potential difference, calculations of electric field of both point charge and system of charges, potential
gradient, dipole, energy density.
4. Conductors, Dielectrics, capacitance:

Current and current density continuity of current, conductor properties, dielectric material and
properties, capacitance, capacitance, calculation of capacitance of various configurations method of
images
5. Poisson and Laplace’s equations:

Poisson and Laplace’s equation and its application, uniqueness theorem, product solution of Laplace’s
equation
6. Steady magnetic field:

Biot - Savart law, Ampere’s circuital law, curl of H, stroke’s theorem, magnetic flux and flux density,
scalar and vector magnetic potentials of steady magnetic field lines
7. Time varying fields and Maxwell’s equations:

Faraday’s law concept of displacement currents, Maxwell’s equations in point form, Maxwell’s
equations in integral form, boundary conditions and significance of Maxwell’s equations
8. Uniform Plane waves:

Uniform plane waves in time domain in free space, sinusoidally time varying uniform plane waves in
free space, wave equation, wave equation and solution for material uniform plane. Waves in dielectrics
and conductors, reflection of uniform plane waves, significance of plane waves, polarization of waves
9. Poynting vector and flow of power:

Poynting vector and flow of power: Poynting theorem, power flow for a plane wave, power flow in a
concentric cable, pointing vector about R-C lines, heterogeneous average and complex Poynting
vector, Poynting loss in a plane conductor
Term work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. At least eight assignments
covering all the topics of syllabus with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as the term work.
The distribution of marks will be as follows-

Repots on experiments- 15 marks
Written test- 10 marks
Text Books:
1. Engineering Electromagnetic - William H. Hayt, Tata Mc Graw Hill publication
2. Elements of Engineering Electromagnetic- Nannapaneni Narayana
Rao, Prentice Hall of India publication
3. Electromagnetic Waves and radiating systems: Edward C. Jordan,
Keith G Balmann
EXTC Department Third Year
Subject: APPLIED MATHEMATICS-V
1. Random Variables:
Discrete and continuous random variables, Probability mass function and density function probability
distribution for random variables, Expected value, variance, moments and moments generating
Functions, Relation between raw moments and central moments
2. Probability distributions:
Binomial, poisson and normal distribution for detailed study,
Introduction to the distributions such as‘t’ and chi-square, Central
Limit theorem and problems based on this theorem
3. Sampling theory:
Sampling distribution test of hypothesis Level of significance critical region, one tailed and two tailed
tests, Internal estimation of population parameters, Large and small samples, Test of significance for
large samples
(1) Test for significance of the difference between sample mean and population means
(2) Test of significance of the difference between means of two samples
Test of significance of small samples
(1) Test of significance of the difference between sample means and
Population mean.
(2) Test of significance of the difference between means of two
Samples
(3) Paired “t” test.
Application of X square distribution
Test of the goodness of the fit and independence of attributes.
4. Fitting of curves:
Least square method, fitting of the straight line and parabolic Trend
Bivariate frequency distribution, Covariance and correlation Karl
Pearson’s coefficient and spearman’s Rank correlation co-efficient
(Non-repeated and repeated ranks) lines of regression
5. Introduction to discrete structures:

(a) Relations and functions matrix of relation Partial order and equivalence relation. Injective,
surjective and Bijective functions Pigeonhole principle and its application.
(b) Posets and hasse diagram, lattice, bounded lattice, complemented lattice and didtributed lattice.
(c) Algebraic structure:
(d) Groups, rings, integral domains, fields, Boolean algebra,
Homomorphism and isomorphisms of algebraic structure
BOOKS:
1) “Fundamentals of mathematics statistics”
S.C. Gupta & V.K Kapoor Sultan Chand & Co. N. Delhi
2) “Probability statistics and random processes”
T.V Veeranjan, Tata McGraw Hill Publications.
3) “Probability & Statistics “Schaum series.
4) Discrete mathematics-Second edition.
N.Biggs-Oxford University press
5) Schaum Outlines-Discrete Mathematics-Tata McGraw
Hill Publications
6) Discrete Mathematical Structures- Bernard Kolman,
Robert C. Bushy, Sharon Rus, Prentice Hall of India
Limited
7) Function of Discrete Mathematics- K.D Joshi
Subject: Computer Architecture & Organisation
1. Introduction:
History and evolution of computers, architecture of general purpose computer, stored program
computer operation
2. Data path design:

Computer system design, gate level design, registers level design and processor level design, fixed
point arithmetic, data paths of 2’s complement addition subtraction, multiplication and division,
Booth’s algorithm for multiplication, floating point arithmetic and data path of floating point ALU
3. Processor design:
CPU organization and operation, accumulator based CPU, CPU with general registers, instruction
types, formats and addressing arithmetic- logic unit design, sequential ALU’s, structure of a basic
sequential ALU, register files, co-processors and pipeline processors, RISC and CISC computers
4. Control design:
General structure of hardwired and micro-programmed control units, hardwired control design, state
tables, greatest common divisor processor, classical design of the gcd processor control unit, design of
a typical CPU control unit, micro-programmed control, control unit organization, microinstruction
addressing and timing, micro-program sequencers, pipeline control, instruction pipeline, structure
multistage pipeline, organization of CPU with multistage instruction pipeline, pipeline performance,
measures
5. Memory organization:
Organization of multilevel memory system in a computer, main memory, random access memory
organization, semiconductor RAM’S, RAM’s design structure of a D-RAM chip, secondary memory,
several access memory, access methods, memory organization magnetic disc and tape reluctant array
of inexpensive disks, memories, optical memory and read-out devices
6. High speed cache memory system:

Cache and virtual memory, address transformation with segmentation and paging with caches, cache
organization, and operation address mapping associate memory, cache types and performance
7. System buses and I/O communication:

Buses, bus interfacing timing bus arbitration, I/O and system control, I/O control methods,
programmed I/O, I/O instruction types, IOP organization, CPU and IOP interaction
8. Multiple Advanced Processor organizations:
Parallel processing shared and distributed memory computers, processor interconnection network
structures and performance, multiprocessors (MIMD)
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term.
All each eight assignments along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work.
The distribution will be as follows:

Assignments - 15 marks: Written Test - 10 marks.
Text books:
1. Computer architecture and organization- John P. Hayes.
Reference books:
1. Computer organization and architecture- William Stallings
Prentice Hall of India
2. Computer organization- V Carl Hamacher and Zaky
Tata MC-Graw Hill publication
Subject: Communication Circuits
1. Noise an inter- modulation distortion:

Noise sources, noise measures, design of low noise networks, inter- modulation distortions
2. Frequency selective networks and transformers:

Series resonant circuits, parallel resonant circuits, parallel resonant circuits with transformers,
impedance matching and harmonic reactive networks
3. Hybrid and transmission line transformers:

Three- winding transformers, transmission, line transformers.
4. Audio circuits:
General features of audio amplifiers, LM380 audio power amplifier, phono- amplifier, circuits for tone
control, audio mixers, and graphic equalizers
5. Wideband amplifiers:
Review of high frequency analysis of BJT and FET amplifiers, input compensation, neutralization and
feedback techniques for wide-banding cascade amplifiers, high frequency amplifiers using
MOSFETS, study of Ics- 1) Video amplifier IC RCA 3040 2) wideband Op-amp HA-2539
6. Phase locked loop circuits:

Basic PLL operation, transient response of PLL, linear model of the PLL-1st order, 2nd order PLL, lock
range and capture range, phase detectors, PLL applications- tracking filters, angle modulation,
frequency demodulation, amplitude demodulation, signal synchronizers, frequency translators PLL IC
565, digital PLL
7. Frequency synthesizers:
Direct frequency synthesis, frequency synthesis by phase lock,
565 as frequency synthesizer, effect of reference frequency on loop performance variable modulus
dividers, down conversion, methods for reducing switching time, multiple loop frequency synthesizer,
fractional N loops, direct digital synthesis, synthesizer design
8. Mixers, modulators and demodulator circuits:

Frequency mixers, switching type mixers, diode ring mixers, square law mixers, BJT and FET mixers,
review of balanced modulator principle, applications of balanced modulator, modulator- demodulator
IC MC 1596, MC 1596 as a balanced modulators, amplitude modulators, product detector, AM
detector, mixer, frequency doubler, AM generation and synchronous AM detecting XR-2208
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on eight experiments
(including two using software simulation) from the list of suggested experiments and assignments
along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work.

Assignments - 15 marks: Written Test - 10 marks.
Text books:
1. Modern communication circuits-Jack Smith
2. Integrated circuits- K.R Botkar
Khana publication
Subject: Filter Theory
1. Network Theory:
RLC passive circuits, RLC circuits with active elements, simplified analysis of operation all amplifier
circuits
2. Network functions and their reliability:

Network functions, properties of all network functions, driving point functions properties transfer
functions, magnitude and phase plots, Biquadratic functions, frequency and impedance
3. Introductory filter concepts:

Categorization filter concepts, (LP, HP, BP, and BR) gain and delay equalizers passive, active and
other filters
4. Approximation:
Bode plot, Butterworth, Chebyschev, elliptical, Bessel, frequency transformation
5. Sensitivity:
W and R sensitivity, gain sensitivity, factors affecting sensitivity
6. Passive Network Synthesis:

Driving point synthesis, low sensitivity passive network, transfer function synthesis
7. Active filters: Single amplifier active RC filters:

Low pass, high pass and band pass active filter realization, infinite gain single amplifier (LP,BP &
HP) , positive and negative feedback infinite gain single amplifier filters, high order filters
8. Multiple amplifier RC filters:

State variable filter, Tow Thomas, Akerberg Moss berg, Biquadratic multiple amplifier, universal
amplifier filters, high active filters
9. Direct realization methods:

Active network elements for direct realization, inductance simulation frequency dependent negative
resistors, leapfrog realization techniques, primary resonator block, switched capacitor filters
1. Effect of real operational amplifier on active filters:

Op-amp frequency compensation techniques, frequency characteristics on filter performance
Term work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on 8 experiments
(including four using software simulation) from the list of experiments and assignments with a graded
answer sheet shall be submitted as term work.

Assignments - 15 marks: Written Test - 10 marks
Text Books:
1. Principles of Active network synthesis and design-
Govind Daryayani - John Wiley publication
2. Active and passive analoig filter design- Lawrence P Huelson
Tata- Mc-Grawhill publication
Reference Book:
1. Active and passive filters- Chen, John Wiley publication
Subject: Elements of Microprocessors
1. 8085 Microprocessor:
Basic 8085 microprocessor architecture and its functional blocks, 8085 microprocessor IC pin outs and
signals, address, data and control buses, clock signals, instruction cycles, machine cycles, and timing
states, instruction timing diagrams.
2. Programming of 8085 microprocessor:

Basic instruction set, writing assembly language programs, looping, counting and indexing operations,
stacks and subroutines, conditional call and return instructions, debugging programs.
3. 8085 Interfacing and Interrupts:

Bus interfacing concepts, timing for the execution of input and output(I/O) instructions, I/O address
decoding, memory and I/O interfacing memory mapped I/O interfacing of matrix input keyboard and
output display, Serial I/O lines of 8085 and the implementation asynchronous serial data
communication using SOD and SID lines, interrupt structure of 8085, RST(restart) instructions,
vectored interrupt, interrupt process and timing diagram of interrupt instruction execution, 8259 A
interrupt controller, principles block transfer( direct memory access) techniques.
4. Programmable Interface and peripheral devices:

Programming and applications of 8455/8156 programmable I/O ports and timer, 8255A
programmable peripheral interface, 8253/8254 programmable interval timer, 8257 direct memory
access controller, 8279 programmable keyboard/display interface
5. 8086 And 8088 Microprocessors:

Architecture and organization of 8086/8088 microprocessors family, bus interface unit, 8086/8088
hardware pin signals, timing diagram of 8086 family microprocessors, simplified read/write bus cycles,
8086 minimum and maximum modes of operation, 8086/8088 memory addressing, address decoding,
memory system design of 8086 family, timing considerations for memory interfacing, input/output
port addressing and decoding, introduction to 8087 floating point coprocessor and its connection to
host 8086.
6. 8086 assemble language programming:

Addressing modes, 8086 instruction formats and instruction set, data transfer, arithmetic, bit
manipulation, string, program execution transfer and program control instructions, machine codes of
8086 instructions, assemble language syntax, assembler directives, initialization instructions, simple
sequential and looping programs in assemble language, debugging assembly language programs
7. Advanced assembly level programming:

Conditional jumps and IF-THEN-ELSE, WHILE-DO –REPEATUNTIL, delay loop programs, implementing
procedure calls, passing parameters using pointers and stack, reentrant and recursive procedures, call
FAR procedures, assembler MACRO instructions, software interrupts and interrupt service routines,
software interrupt application such as in basic input output system of IBM-PC computer, high level C-
language programs with an illustrative example
Term work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on 8 experiments and
assignments with a graded answer sheet shall be submitted as term work.

Assignments - 15 marks: Written Test - 10 marks
Text Books:
1. Microprocessor, Architecture, Programming and
Application with 8085-Gaonkar, John Wiley Eastern,
Ltd, Publication
2. Microprocessors and interfacing-Douglas V Hall, Tata
Reference Books:
1. Microcomputer Systems: The 8086/8088 family-Yu-Chen Lin, Glen A
Gibson, Prentice Hall of India Publication.
2. The 8086 Microprocessor: programming and interfacing the PC-Kenneth J Ayala, Penram publication
3. The 8086 family: John Uffenbeck, Prentice Hall of India publication.
Subject: Element of Microelectronics
1. Basics of Devices:
Basic of BJT, MOSFET’S and their technological structures as implemented in silicon crystal, various
types of integrated circuit resistors such as diffused resistor, pinched resistor, thin film resistor etc.
and their implementation (structure) in silicon crystal.
Different types of integrated circuit capacitors, their structure as implemented in silicon crystal,
parasitic effects in MOSFET’S , BJT’S and their minimization by scaling of device dimensions,
Dimensions of LSI, MSI, VLSI circuits. Merits and demerits of MOS integrated circuits.
2. Basic Circuits (gates):

Simple bipolar NAND gate operation and its realization in silicon structure (using p-n junction isolation
technique). A depletion load n MOS inverter and NAND gate operation, their technological structures
as implemented in silicon crystal. Drawing stick diagrams, color coded mask layout using I-based (or
micron-based) design rules. The CMOS inverter (NOT gate) structure, its stick diagram and mask
layout. Parasitic effects in CMOS structure (inverter)
3. IC fabrication:
Various important steps of MAS bipolar IC fabrication such as wafer cleaning, oxidation, annealing,
patternization using photolithography technique, diffusion, metallization, ion-implantation etc,
Fabrication of simple circuits using above fabrication steps.(only qualitative treatment)
Term Work:
Term work shall consist of at least three laboratory experiments covering the whole of the syllabus,
duly recorded and graded as well as at least four computer simulation (mask layout design) using EDA
tools or Magic software
Reference Books:
1. Principles of CMOS VLSI Design-Neil H.E Weste,
Kamran Esheaghian, Addison Wealey.
2. VLSI technology- S.M Sze
3. Microelectronics- J Millman and Grabel, Tata Mc-Gaw Hill publisher
4. Basics VLSI Design, systems and circuit-Douglas A Pucknel, K Eshranghian
5. Fabrication principles-S.K Gandhi
Subject: Presentation & Communication
1. Communication in a business organization:

Internal (upward, downward, horizontal, grapevine problems, solutions), external communication,
strategies for conducting successful business meetings, documentation (notice, agenda, minutes) of
meetings, Introduction to modern communication techniques (e-mail, internet, video-conferencing,
etc.) .Legal and ethical issues in communication (intellectual and property rights, patents)
2. Advanced technical writing:

Vii Report writing and presentation: Definition and importance of reports, qualities of reports,
language and style in reports, types of reports, formats (letter, memo, project-repots). Methods of
compiling data, a computer-aided presentation of a technical project report based on survey-based or
reference based topic. Topics to be assigned to a Group of 8-10 students the written report should not
exceed 20 printed
Pages Viii Technical paper-writing Ix Writing proposals
3. Interpersonal skills:
Introduction to emotional intelligence, motivation, negotiating and conflict resolution, Assertiveness,
team-building, teambuilding, decision-making, time-management
1. Interview techniques:
Preparing for job interviews, verbal and non-verbal
Communication during interviews, observation sessions and role-play techniques to be used to
demonstrate interview strategies
2. Group discussion:
Dynamics of group behavior, techniques for effective participation
Term work:
Assignments:
2 assignments on communication topics
3 assignments on report-writing
3 assignments on interpersonal skills
1 class test
Distribution of term work marks will be as follows:

Assignments: 15 marks
Written test: 10 marks
Distribution of oral marks will be as follows:

Project report presentation: 15 marks
Group discussion: 10 marks
Books recommended:
1. Fred Luthans: Organizational behavior, McGraw Hill
2. Lesikar and Petit, Report writing for business, Tata McGraw Hill
3. Huckin & Olsen, Technical writing and professional communication,
McGraw Hill
4. Wallace & Masters, Personal development for Life & work, Thomson
Lerning
5. Heta Murphy, Effective Business Communication, McGraw Hill
Additional Readings
1. Lewicki, Saunders & Minton: Essentials of negotiation, McGraw Hill
2. Hartman Lemay, Presentation Success, Thomson Learning
3. Kitty O. Locker, Stephen Kyo Kaczmarek: Business Communication,
Building Critical skills, McGraw Hill
4. Vikas Gupta: COMPDEX Computer Course kit, IDG Books Pvt. Ltd.
5. Heller & Handle, The Essential Manager’s manual, Dorling Kindersley
6. The Sunday times “Creating Success Series”
1. Develop your Assertiveness
2. Make every minute count
3. Successful Presentations skills
4. How to motivate people
5. Team building
Subject: Industrial Economics & Management
1. Nature and significance of economics, science, engineering, technology and their relationship with
economic development, appropriate technology for developing countries.
2. Demand, supply, elasticity of demand and supply, competition, monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic
competition, causes creating categories of monopoly organization, price determination under perfect
competition and monopoly, price discrimination, equilibrium of firm under competition and monopoly
3. Functions of money, supply and demand for money, money price level and inflation, black money,
meaning, magnitude and consequences
4. Function of commercial banks, multiple credit creation, banking system in India, shortcomings and
improvement.
5. Central banking:
Function of central banking illustrated with reference to RBI, monitory policy meaning, objectives and
features.
3. Sources of public revenue:

Principles of taxation, direct and indirect taxes, distribution of incidences, tax structure, reform of tax
system.
7. Theory of international trade, balance of trade and payment, theory of protection, tariffs and
subsidies, foreign exchange control, devaluation.
8. New economic policy:

Liberalization, extending privatization, globalization
9. Causes of underdevelopment, determinants of economic development, economic and non-economic

factors, stages of growth, strategy of development big push, balanced and unbalanced, and critical
minimum effort strategy.
10. Management functions, responsibilities of management to society, development of management

thought, contribution of F.W Taylor, Henri
Fayol, Elton Ma—o, system contingency approaches to management
11. Nature of planning, decision making process, management by Objectives.
12. Organization: Line and staff Authority relationships, de centralization and delegation of authority,
span of management, flat organization.
13. Communication process: media channels and barriers to effective communication.
14. Maslow, Herzberg and Macgregor’s theory of motivation, MsClelland’s achievement motivation,
Blanchard’s situational leadership theory
15. Product management: Production planning and control, inventory control.
16. Project Management: Project development life cycle, project feasibility, project planning,
organization and control, tool of project management, CPM, PERT, Project information system.
17. Need for good cost accounting system, cost control, techniques of
Financial control, financial statement, financial ratios, break-even analysis, budgeting and budgetary
control
18. Marketing functions, management of sales and advertising, marketing research.
19. Human resource management: Function application of industrial psychology for selection, training,
machine design and man- machine system
20. Engineering economics: Investment decisions, present worth, annual worth and rate of return
methods, payback time.
Recommended Books:
1. Economics: Samuelson
2. Modern Economic theory: Dewt & Warma
3. Indian economy: A.N Agrawal
4. Essentials of Management: Koonz and Odonnel
5. Marketing Management: V.S Ramaswamy
6. Finance for non-finance mangers: B.K Chaterji
7. Management: Hampton David
8. Project Management: Prasanna Chandra
Subject: Microcontroller & Embedded Programming
1. Hardware of 8051 Microcontrollers:

Comparison of microprocessor and microcontroller, architecture and pin functions of 8051 chip
controller, CPU timing and machine cycles, internal memory organization, program counter and stack,
input/output ports, counters and timers, serial data input and output interrupts.
2. 8051 Assemble language programming:

Instruction set, addressing modes, immediate, registers, direct and indirect data movement and
exchange instructions, push and pop op-codes, arithmetic and logic instructions, bit level operations,
jump and call instructions, input/ output port programming, programming timers, asynchronous serial
data communications, timer and hardware interrupt service routines.
1. Microcontroller Design and Interfacing:

External memory and memory address decoding, memory-mapped I/O, time delay subroutines, look-
up table implementation, interfacing matrix keyboard and seven segment displays through scanning
and interrupt driven programs, interfacing analog to digital and digital to analog converters using
handshake signals and waveform generation interfacing with 8255 I/O the parallel printer.
4. Example of an Advanced Microcontroller (80C196):

Features of MCS- 96 family microcontrollers, hardware architecture and pin functions of 80C196,
interrupts, addressing modes, instruction sets and process status word, peripherals and their
applications, serial port, analog to digital converter, pulse width modulator output, standard I/O ports,
high speed input and output including timers, power down mode and idle modes of microcontroller
operation program protection features using clock failure detect and watch dog timer.
5. Embedded software:
Examples of embedded system, their characteristics and their typical hardware components,
embedded software architectures, round –robin, round robin with interrupts, function queue
scheduling and real-time operating system, selection. Real time operating system: Tasks and task
states, tasks and data shared data and reentrancy, semaphores and shared data use of semaphores,
protecting shared data
6. Features of real-time operating system:

Messages, queues, mailboxes and pipes, timer functions, events memory management, internal basic
system design using RTOS, design principles, interrupt routines, task structure and task priority.
7. Examples of an embedded system design:

Problem specification, resolving timing problem, use of an RTOS, work division into tasks dealing with
shared data, encapsulating semaphores and queues, saving memory space and power.
Term Work:
shall be submitted as term work.

Report on experiments- 15 marks
Test Books:
1. The 8051 Microcontroller-Kenneth J Ayala
Penram International Publication
2. An Embedded Software primer-David E. Simon
3. Embedded Microcontrollers and Processors and Processors Manual-
Intel Corporation.
Reference Books:
1. Programming and customizing the 8051 Microcontroller-Myke Predko, Ta c-Graw Hill publication
2. Advanced Microprocessors and interfacing –Badri Ram, Tata Mc-raw
Hill Publication
Subject: Electronic Instrumentation
1. Basic Concepts of Measurement:

Measurement system, basic characteristics of measuring devices
2. Transducers:
Measurement of displacement, strains, vibration, pressure, flow, level, temperature, light, PH,
humidity, performances, characteristics, characteristics and selection for a given application
3. Data Acquisition systems:

Signal conditioning of the inputs, analog and digital data acquisition systems, multi-channel DAS,
microprocessor and computer –based systems
4. Controller Principles:
Process characteristics, process equations, process load, process lag, self regulation, control system
parameters, error, variable range, control parameter range, control lag, dead time, cycling, Controller
modes:-discontinuous controller modes, two position mode, multi-position mode, floating control
mode, continuous controller modes-proportional, integral, derivative and composite modes, control
paradigms- cascade control, feed forward control, tuning of PID controllers, neural networks-basic
concepts( neurons, feed forward control, learning and applications) Fuzzy control-elements of fuzzy
logic, fuzzy controller
5. Programmable Logic Controllers:

ISA logic symbols, ladder diagrams, relay sequences, PLC operation and design, programming
6. Computers in process control:

Data logging, supervisory control, computer-based controller
Term Work:
shall be submitted as term work.

Text Books:
1. Instrumentation Devices and systems-Rangan, Sarma, Mane
Ta-McGraw Hill publication (topics 1, 2, 3)
2. Process Control Instrumentation Technology-Johnson C.D
Prentice Hall of India publication (topics 4, 5, 6)
3. Electrical and electronic measurement and instruments-Sawhney A.K., Dhanpat Rai and Sons
publication (topics 1, 2, 3)
4. Neural Networks and fuzzy sets-Kosko B
Prentice hall of India publication (Topics 4)
5. Process Control-Liptak B.G; Butterworth Heincmann publication (topics 4,5,6)
Subject: Probability & Random Process
1. Review:
Probability space, conditional probability combined
Experiments, asymptotic theorems, distribution and density functions
2. Functions of the random variable:

Random variable g(x), distribution of g(x), mean and variance, moments, characteristic functions
3. Functions of two random variables:

Bivariate distribution, one function of two RV, two functions of two RV
4. Moment and conditional statistics: Joint moments, joint characteristics functions, conditional
distribution, mean square estimation, stochastic convergence and limit theorems, method of
maximum likelihood, hypothesis testing, and likelihood ratio test
5. The concept of stochastic processes:

Definitions, systems with stochastic inputs, power spectrum, spectral representation of random
processes
6. Ergodicity and spectral estimation
7. Mean square estimation-Kalman filter
8. Entropy:
Basic concepts, random variables and stochastic processes, the maximum entropy method
9. Queuing theory and Markov processes:

Discrete time markov chains, continuous time markov chains, markovian queues.
Term Work:
Each student has to appear for at least one written test during the term. Report on assignments (at
least eight assignments) along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work

Text Books:
1. Probability, Random variables and Stochastic Processes-Athanasios
Papoulis, 3rd edition, McGraw Hill publication
2. Applied Probability Models-D.L Minh Duxbury, Thomson Learning publication
Subject: Antenna and Wave Propagation
1. Basic Antenna concepts:

Introduction, basic antenna parameters, radiation pattern, radiation power density, radiation intensity
directivity, beam efficiency, gain, aperture concept, effective height, polarization, input impedance,
radiation efficiency, FRIIS transmission equation.
2. Radiation integrals:
Basic concepts of Maxwell’s equation, vector potential, wave equation, near field and far field
radiation, dual equations for electric and magnetic current sources
3. Linear wire antennas:

Infinitesimal dipole, its radiation field, radiation resistance, radiation distance, radiation sphere, near
field, far field directivity, small dipole, finite length dipole, half wave length dipole, linear elements
near or on infinite perfect conductors, ground effects, and their application, Folded dipole, sleeve
dipole and their application.
4. Arrays:
Array of two isotropic point sources, non isotropic sources, principle of pattern multiplication linear
arrays of n elements, broadside end fire radiation pattern, directivity, beam width and null directions,
array factor, plane array, circular array and their application.
5. Loop Antenna:
Small loop compassion of small loop with short dipole, radiation pattern, its parameters and their
application
6. Traveling wave and broad band antennas:

V antenna, rhombic antenna, yagi uda array
7. Log periodic antenna, Aperture antenna:

Rectangular and circular aperture, horn antenna
8. Reflector antennas:
Plane reflector, corner reflector, parabolic reflector and their application
9. Microscopic antennas:
Basic characteristics, feeding methods rectangular, circular patch quality factor bandwidth and
efficiency and their application
10. Wave propagation:

Structure of atmosphere, ionospheric propagation, virtual height, MUF, space wave propagation,
ground wave propagation forward scatters propagation
Term Work:
least eight assignments) along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work.

Text Books:
1. Antennas-John D Kraus, Tata McGraw Hill publication
2. Electromagnetics- Jordan Balmann, Prentice Hall of India publication
Reference Books:
1. Antenna Theory analysis and design- Costantine A Balanis, John Wiley publication
Subject: Television and Video Engineering
1. Elements of a television system:

Picture of a television system: Picture and sound transmission and reception, scanning process,
composite video signal, sync details, equalizing pulses.
2. Signal transmission and channel bandwidth:
Modulation of picture and sound signals, channel spectrum and bandwidth, television transmitter,
positive and negative modulation
3. TV camera and picture tubes:

Principle of camera tubes, image orthicon, vidicon, plumbicon, solid-state image scanners, elements of
a picture tube, focusing and deflection, picture tube controls.
4. Television receiver:
Receiver sections, VSB correction, choice of intermediate frequencies, RF tuner, AGC, sync,
separation, AFC, sound system
5. SMPS:
Basic principle, typical circuit
6. Color TV:
Three color theory, huminana, hue and saturation, color difference signals, chromaticity diagram, color
TV camera, color TV picture, automatic degaussing, color signal transmission, bandwidth and
modulation of color difference signals, SECAM , NTSC and PAL system.
7. Receiver testing:
Trouble shooting procedure for monochrome and color TV receivers, television test charts and their
applications
8. Television applications:
CCTV, cable TV, DBS TV
9. Digital TV, HDTV:

Merits, principles, transmission and reception
10. Facsimile:
Group three CCD cameras, scanning of CCD camera image, sampling, coding, data compression,
modem for group three FAX receivers
Term Work:
least eight assignments) along with a graded answer paper shall be submitted as term work.

Text Books:
1. Monochrome and Color Television-Gulati R.R
Wiley Eastern Limited publication
2. Television and video engineering- Dhake A.M
Tata McGraw Hill publication
3. FAX: Digital Facsimile Technology and applications-Bodson

Extc - Sem Viii

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EXTC Department Final Year Sem – VII

Sub: Computer Communication Networks

1. Communication networks and services:

2. Application and layered architectures:

4. Peer to Peer protocols:

5. Local area networks:

6. Packet switching networks:

7. Frame relay and asynchronous mode (ATM):

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Subject: Digital Communication

2. Base band Transmission:

4. Base band Detection:

5. Error Control Systems:

6. Error Control Block Codes:

8. Spread Spectrum Techniques:

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Subject: Discrete Time Signal Processing

1. Transform analysis of L TI systems:

2. Discrete Fourier transforms:

3. Discrete cosine transforms (DCT):

6. Structures for discrete time systems:

7. Digital ladder filters:

8. Introduction to programmable digital signal processors:

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Subject: Elective I (1): Image Processing

2. Digital Image Fundamentals:

7. Image Representation and description:

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Subject: Elective 1(2): Data Compression and encryption

1. Data Compression and Encryption:

7. Number Theory and public encryption:

Sub: Elective I. (4): Microwave Integrated Circuits

3. Micro strip Lines:

4. Coupled Line Propagation:

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Sub: Elective I (3): Radar Engineering

4. CW, MTI & Pulse Radars:

7. Navigational & Remote Sensing Radars:

8. Landing Systems & Hyperbolic Navigation:

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Sub: Elective I (5): Simulation of Communication Systems

1. Basics of Simulation Modeling:

2. Complex system Simulation:

6. Digital signal transmission (Base band and band limited):

7. Digital Transmission via Carrier Modulation:

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

EXTC Department Final Year Sem – VIII

Subject: Microwave Devices and Circuits

2. Transmission line theory:

3. Microwave Transmission lines:

6. Microwave semiconductor devices:

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Subject: Mobile Communication System

2. The cellular concept:

3. Mobile radio propagation:

4. Analog cellular mobile system:

6. Low power wireless communication systems:

7. CDMA digital cellular standard (1S-95):

9. Global mobile satellite system:

10. Third generation mobile communication:

The distribution of term work will be as follows:

Subject: Optical Fiber Communication