TERCERA ETAPA WIKI

1. Calculen la concentracin de [OH] de cada una de las disoluciones siguientes e indique si

la disolucin es cida, bsica o neutra: (a) [H ] 0.0041 M; (b) [H ] 3.5x 10 9 M; (c) una
disolucin en la que [H ] es diez veces mayor que [OH ].Organice el procedimiento y utilice
el editor de ecuaciones para que sea claro el ejercicio.

(a) [H ] 0.0041 M

pH = - log [H]

= log[0,0041] = 2,38 Acida

Para calcular el [OH] aplicaremos la siguiente ecuacin:

14 = pH +pOH
14 = 2,38 +
14 2,38 = = 11,62

pOH = -log [OH]

11,62 = []
11,62 = []
1011,62 = []
[] = 2,39 1012

(b) [] 3.5 109

pH = - log [H]

= log[3,5 109 ] = 8,45 Bsica

Para calcular el [OH-] aplicaremos la siguiente ecuacin:

14 = pH +pOH
14 = 8,45 +
14 8,45 = = 5,55

pOH = -log [OH-]

5,55 = []
5,55 = []
105,55 = []
[] = 2,81 106

(c) una disolucin en la que [H] es diez veces mayor que [OH].
 pH = - log [H]
= log[]

14 = log[] +pOH
14 + log[] =

pOH = -log [OH]

14 + log[] = [10]
[10] log[] = 14
[10] + log[] = 14
log 10 2 = 14
2
10log 10 = 1014
10 2 = 1014
= 3,16 108= pH

Luego 10 = 3,16 107 =

= log[3,16 108 ] = 7,50 Neutro

(d) Completen la tabla que sigue calculando las entradas que faltan e indicando si la disolucin
es cida o bsica.

pH pOH [ + ] [ ] Acida o
bsica?
6,21 7,79 6,16 107 1,62 108 acida
3,87 10,13 1,34 104 7,41 1011 acida
2,45 11,55 3,5 103 2,81 1012 acida
10,75 3,25 1,77 1011 5,6 104 bsica

pH= 6,21

= [+ ]
6,21 = log[ + ]
6,21 = log[ + ]
106,21 = [ + ]
[] = 6,16 107

14 = pH +pOH
14 = 6,21 +
14 6,21 = = 7,79

pOH = -log [OH-]

7,79 = [ ]
7,79 = [ ]
107,79 = [ ]
[ ] = 1,62 108

pOH = 10,13
14 = pH +pOH
14 = + 10,13
14 10,13 = = 3,87

= [+ ]
3,87 = log[ + ]
3,87 = log[ + ]
103,87 = [ + ]
[] = 1,34 104

pOH = -log [OH-]

10,13 = [ ]
10,13 = [ ]
1010,13 = [ ]
[ ] = 7,41 1011

H= ,

= [+ ]
= log[3,5 103 ]
= 2,45

14 = pH +pOH
14 = 2,45 +
14 2,45 = = 11,55

pOH = -log [OH-]

11,55 = [ ]
11,55 = [ ]
1011,55 = [ ]
[ ] = 2,81 1012

= ,

pOH = -log [OH-]

= [5,6 104 ]
= 3,25

14 = pH +pOH
14 = + 3,25
14 3,25 = = 10,75

= [+ ]
10,75 = log[ + ]
10,75 = log[ + ]
1010,75 = [ + ]
[] = 1,77 1011