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Beginner Lesson
Friendly Advice I
Kana Transcript 2
5ǀPDML7UDQVFULSW 2
Translation 2
Vocabulary 3
Grammar Points 3
ṽሼ ߆ߥ߫ࠎ
ߚߌ ߘߩ㔚⇟ภߤ߁ߒߚߩ㧫 ߚߌ ߘߩߢࠎࠊ߫ࠎߏ߁ߤ߁ߒߚߩ㧫
ࠃߒ ᤓᣣળߞߚᅚᕈߦ㔚ߔࠆޕ ࠃߒ ߈ߩ߁ߞߚߓࠂߖߦߢࠎࠊߔࠆޕ
ߚߌ 㚝⋡ߛࠃޕᣧߔ߉ࠆࠃޕᓙߞߚ߶߁߇ ߚߌ ߛߛࠃ߁߶ߚߞ߹ޕࠃࠆ߉ߔ߿ߪޕ
ࠃޕ ߇ࠃޕ
ࠃߒ ᣧߔ߉ࠆ㧫 ࠃߒ ߪ߿ߔ߉ࠆ㧫
ߚߌ ߁ࠎ⛘ޔኻᓙߞߚᣇ߇ࠃޕ ߚߌ ߁ࠎޕࠃ߇߁߶ߚߞ߹ߚߞߗޔ
ࠃߒ ߤࠇߋࠄ㧫 ࠃߒ ߤࠇߊࠄ㧫
ߚߌ ੑㅳ㑆ߢࠃޔߞޕ㆐ߛ߆ࠄޔ ߚߌ 㧞ߒࠀ߁߆ࠎߢࠃߛ߽ߣޔߞޕ
ߘߩ⇟ภࠍ㗍߆ࠆࠃޕߨ߾ߓޕ ߜߛ߆ࠄޕࠃࠆ߆ߕ߁ߏࠎ߫ߩߘޔ
ߓ߾ߨޕ
2 5ǀPDML Translation
Take 6RQRGHQZDEDQJǀGǀVKLWDQR" Take What’s up with that number?
Yoshi .LQǀDWWDMRVHLQLGHQZDVXUX Yoshi I’m gonna call the girl I met yesterday.
Take 'DPHGD\R+D\DVXJLUX\R0DWWDKǀJDLL Take No good. It’s too soon. You should wait.
yo. Yoshi Too soon?
Yoshi Hayasugiru? Take <RXVKRXOGGH¿QLWHO\ZDLW
Take 8Q]HWWDLPDWWDKǀJDLL\R Yoshi How long?
Yoshi Dore kurai? Take Two weeks. Ah, since I’m your friend, I’ll
Take 1LVKnjNDQGHLL\R$WRPRGDFKLGDNDUDVRQR hold on to that number for you. Later!
EDQJǀD]XNDUX\R-\ƗQH
Vocabulary - න⺆
Kanji Kana 5ǀPDML English
㔚⇟ภ ߢࠎࠊ߫ࠎߏ߁ GHQZDEDQJǀ telephone number
ᅚᕈ ߓࠂߖ josei woman
㚝⋡ ߛ dame useless
ᓙߟ ߹ߟ matsu to wait
⛘ኻ ߗߞߚ zettai absolute
ߤࠇߋࠄ ߤࠇߋࠄ dore gurai how long, how far
ੑㅳ㑆 ߦߒࠀ߁߆ࠎ QLVKnjNDQ two weeks
㗍߆ࠆ ߠ߆ࠆ azukaru to keep in custody
3
Grammar Points
Today’s grammar point is the phrase KǀJDLL, roughly equivalent to the English expression “[You] had
better ~~,” and used to make strong suggestions. +ǀJDLL follows verbs in their plain form. When used to
make a suggestion about what one *should* do, it is possible to combine it with both the past (example
VHQWHQFHDQGQRQSDVWH[DPSOHVHQWHQFHDI¿UPDWLYHIRUPVRIWKHYHUE8VHRIWKHSDVWIRUPLV
PRUHFRPPRQXVXDOO\WDXJKW¿UVWLQEHJLQQHU-DSDQHVHFRXUVHVDQGLQGLFDWHVDVWURQJHUVXJJHVWLRQWKDQ
use of the non-past verb.
When used to make a suggestion about what one *should not* do, KǀJDLL follows negative verbs in non-
past form only (example sentence #3). It is not possible to combine KǀJDLL with the past form of negative
verbs.
Formation:
Verb.plain-past + KǀJDLL
Verb.plain-nonpast + KǀJDLL
Verb.negative-nonpast + KǀJDLL
4 Examples:
ሶଏ߇߹ߔ߆ࠄ↢ޔ㒾ߦߞߚᣇ߇ߢߔޕ
.RGRPRJDLPDVXNDUDVHLPHLKRNHQQLKDLWWDKǀJDLLGHVX
You should get life insurance, as you have children.
࠲ࡃࠦࠍ߿ߚ߶߁߇ߢߔࠃޕ
7DEDNRR\DPHWDKǀJDLLGHVX\R
You must quit smoking cigarettes.