Reference: Motiee. M., "Estimate Possibility of Hydrates,"Hydrocarbon Processing, Vol. 70, No. 7, July 1991, pp.

98-99

2
T =238 .24469+ 78. 99667log( P )5 . 352544[ log ( P ) ] +349 . 473877 +150 . 854675 227. 604065log( P)

where:
T= hydrate formation temperature in F
P= gas pressure in psia
g= gas specific gravity, dimensionless
=MWng / MWair

Inputs
Gas Composition
Gas mol fraction mol wt
Methane 0.82 16.043
Ethane 0.09 30.07
Propane 0.08 44.097
i-Butane 58.123
n-Butane 0.01 58.123
i-pentane 72.15
n-pentane 72.15
n-hexane 86.177
n-heptane 100.204
1
Calculations
Gas Mol wt 19.97
Gas Sp. Gr, g 0.690

Inputs
Pressure, P 1000.00 psia
Gas Sp. Gr, g 0.69 (Enter calculated value from cell "B27" or any other value of interest)

Calculations
Hydrate formation 62.75 F
temp., T
17.08 C

Prepared by: Ankur Srivastava

Chemical Engineer
Reference: Towler, B.F., and Mokhatab, S., Quickly estimate hydrate formation conditions in natural gases.
Hydrocarb. Proc. 84(4), 6162 (2005).

T =13 . 47 ln (P )+34 . 27 ln( )1 . 675[ ln( P)ln( )] 20 . 35

where:
T= hydrate formation temperature in F
P= gas pressure in psia
g= gas specific gravity, dimensionless
=MWng / MWair
Note: The above equation is accurate up to 65F.
Above this value it over estimates the hydrate formation temperature.

Inputs
Gas Composition
Gas mol fraction mol wt
Methane 0.82 16.043
Ethane 0.09 30.07
Propane 0.08 44.097
i-Butane 58.123
n-Butane 0.01 58.123
i-pentane 72.15
n-pentane 72.15
n-hexane 86.177
n-heptane 100.204
1
Calculations
Gas Mol wt 19.97
Gas Sp. Gr, g 0.690

Inputs
Pressure, P 1000.00 psia
Gas Sp. Gr, g 0.69 (Enter calculated value from cell "B30" or any other value of interest)

Calculations
Hydrate formation 64.27 F
temp., T
17.93 C
Reference: Fundamentals of Natrural Gas Processing, Arthur J. Kidnay, William R. Parrish

6 . 83
T =16 .5 +13 . 8ln( P )
2
where:
T= hydrate formation temperature in F
P= gas pressure in psia
g= gas specific gravity, dimensionless
=MWng / MWair
Note: The above equation is accurate for pressures up to 1000 psia

Inputs
Gas Composition
Gas mol fraction mol wt
Methane 0.82 16.043
Ethane 0.09 30.07
Propane 0.08 44.097
i-Butane 58.123
n-Butane 0.01 58.123
i-pentane 72.15
n-pentane 72.15
n-hexane 86.177
n-heptane 100.204
1
Calculations
Gas Mol wt 19.97
Gas Sp. Gr, g 0.690

Inputs
Pressure, P 1000.00 psia
Gas Sp. Gr, g 0.69 (Enter calculated value from cell "B30" or any other value of interest)

Calculations
Hydrate formation 64.48 F
temp., T
18.05 C
Reference: A novel correlation for estimation of hydrate forming condition of natural gases
by Alireza Bahadori & Hari. B. Vuthaluru; Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 18(2009)

2 3
1 1 1
ln(T )=a+ b ( ) () ( )
P
+c
P
+d
P

where:
T= hydrate formation temperature in K
P= gas pressure in kPa (abs)

a=A 1 + B 1 M + C1 M 2 + D 1 M 3

2 3
b=A 2 +B 2 M +C 2 M + D 2 M

2 3
c= A 3 + B3 M +C 3 M + D 3 M

2 3
d= A 4 + B4 M +C 4 M + D 4 M
where:
a, b, c & d are constants as a function of molecular weight of gas
M= molecular weight of gas, kg / kg-mole
Ai, Bi, Ci & Di are tuned coefficients with i = 1 to 4

Tuned Coefficients (M<23 & 1200 kpa(abs) < P < 5000 kPa (abs)
A1 -4.181213278423 A2 45284.97500018 A3 -83170750.73225 A4 5858977399.3386
B1 1.472639349108 B2 -6862.812444981 B3 12604810.249225 B4 -966349625.35354
C1 -7.27453863E-02 C2 342.4072186041 C3 -630185.79466138 C4 51347314.2241307
D1 1.189779588E-03 D2 -5.642533019 D3 10408.848430973 D4 -887818.586492

Pressure greater than 1200 kPa(abs) & less than 5000 kPa(abs) & Molecular Weight less than 23
Inputs
P= 4,500 kPa (abs)
M= 19.97 kg / kg-mole

Calculations
a= 5.692E+00
b= -1.505E+02
c= 1.253E+05
d= -3.230E+07
bx1/P = -3.345E-02
cx(1/P)2 = 0.0061865959
dx(1/P)3 -0.000354509
ln (T) = 5.664321
T= 288.39 K
15.24 C
59.44 F
Tuned Coefficients (M<23 & 5000 kpa(abs) < P < 40,000 kPa (abs)
A1 7.095970394759 A2 -125846.4942159 A3 921903822.83151 A4 -2105354862621.1
B1 -0.218060300708 B2 18993.11176634 B3 -140304105.67488 B4 321399259721.900
C1 0.0113059334398 C2 -952.6005812723 C3 7082041.7989994 C4 -16274767262.739
D1 -0.000192720320 D2 15.80682008903 D3 -118187.63471949 D4 272488432.4573

Pressure greater than 5000 kPa(abs) & less than 40,000 kPa(abs) & Molecular Weight less than 23
Inputs
P= 6,895 kPa (abs)
M= 19.97 kg / kg-mole

Calculations
a= 5.715E+00
b= -5.657E+02
c= 3.103E+06
d= -7.291E+09
bx1/P = -8.204E-02
cx(1/P)2 = 0.065265188
dx(1/P)3 -0.0222422135
ln (T) = 5.676272
T= 291.86 K
18.71 C
65.68 F

Tuned Coefficients (M>23 & 1200 kpa(abs) < P < 40,000 kPa (abs)
A1 6.418507110535 A2 -8642.6289140 A3 11596430.30462 A4 -4020095147.5377
B1 -0.088017107876 B2 1024.33078523 B3 -1385902.7774109 B4 479133183.3062
C1 0.0035573429357 C2 -40.9663925466 C3 55353.148270822 C4 -19036325.296009
D1 -0.000047499844 D2 0.54450050758 D3 -733.9994547645 D4 251132.97404156

Pressure greater than 1200 kPa(abs) & less than 40,000 kPa(abs) & Molecular Weight greater than 23
Inputs
P= 10,000 kPa (abs)
M= 23.5 kg / kg-mole

Calculations
a= 5.698E+00
b= -1.281E+02
c= 7.074E+04
d= -1.410E+07
bx1/P = -1.281E-02
cx(1/P)2 = 0.0007073799
dx(1/P)3 -1.41036391E-05
ln (T) = 5.686085
T= 294.74 K
21.59 C
70.86 F
 T= hydrate formation temperature in C
P= gas pressure in bara

P = 62 bara

Rezultat

T = 16.57 C
GlycolInjection
This spreadsheet calculates the minimum amount of required inhibitor usage.

Instructions:
1) Update input data in blue;
2) View result.

Input Data:
Gas flow rate: 299.00 MMscfd
Gas specific gravity (gg): 0.7 air = 1
Minimum pressure (pm): 870.2264 psia
Inlet gas temperature (ti): 118.4 F
o

Hydrate temperature pm: 62.6 F

o

Operating temperature (to): 41 F

o

Water content at ti and pm: 48 lb/MMscf

Water content at to and pm: 9.6 lb/MMscf
Inhibitor data: Used (1=Yes; 0=No)? Win Wout Density:
EG 1 75% 65% 9.08 ppg
DEG 0 75% 65% 9.08 ppg

Concentration of inhibitor in its commercial solution: 75 Wt %

Intermediate Calculations:

Water to be removed from gas (wG): 38.4 lb/MMscf

Molecular weight of inhibitor (MW)inh: 62
Density of inhibitor (rinh): 9.08 ppg
Hammerschmidt constant for inhibitor (KH): 4000
Depression of hydrate formation temperature (Dth): 21.6 F
o

Wout for the selected inhibitor: 65 Wt %

Win for the selected inhibitor: 75 Wt %
Inhibitor requirement based on Hammerschmidt's method:

( MW )inh t h = 25.08 Wt % -1
W h= 100
( MW )inh t h + K H
Inlet concentration to be used: 75 Wt % 1

WG
I 100= = 187.20 lb/MMscf
100 100
( W out

W in )
Result:

Required volume of commercial inhibitor solution: 249.6 lb/MMscf

Required weight of commercial inhibitor solution: 27.49 gal/MMscf
Hourly inhibitor injection rate: 342.47 gal/hour
Daily inhibitor injection rate: 8219.27 gal/day
 MethanolInjection.xls
This spreadsheet calculates the minimum amount of required inhibotor usage.

Instructions:
1) Update input data in blue;
2) View result.

20.8 Molecular weight Input Data:

310000 kg/h Gas flow rate:
0.7 Gas-SG Gas specific gravity (gg):
60 bara Minimum pressure (pm):
48 C Inlet gas temperature (ti):
17 C Hydrate temperature pm:
5 C Operating temperature (to):
?? Water content at ti and pm:
?? Water content at to and pm:
Inhibitor solution density:
Inhibitor concentration (Win):

Intermediate Calculations:
Water to be removed from gas (wG):
Molecular weight of inhibitor (MW)inh:
Hammerschmidt constant for inhibitor (KH):
Depression of hydrate formation temperature (Dth):
Inhibitor requirement based on Hammerschmidt's method:

( MW )inh t h
W h= 100=
( MW )inh t h + K H

Liquid phase:
WG
I 100= =
100 100
(
W out W in )
Gas phase:
lbm MeOH/MMscf
=f ( P , t ) =
WT % NeOH in Water

Inhibitor requirement:

System total:

Inhibitor requirement:
Daily injection rate:

Hourly injection rate:

ed inhibotor usage.

299.00 MMscfd
0.7 air = 1
870.2264 psia
118.4 F
o

62.6 F
o

41 F
o

50 lb/MMscf
10 lb/MMscf
6.64 ppg
100 Wt %

40 lb/MMscf
32.04
2335
21.6 F
o

schmidt's method:

22.86 Wt %

11.86 lb/MMscf

1.05

24.01 lb/MMscf

35.86 lb/MMscf
10722.57 lb/day
1614.84 gal/day
67.29 gal/hour