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Schizophrenia types
ACID
Hallucinations: hypnogogic vs. hypnopompic definition "Hypnogogic
Amitriptyline
= go to sleep":
Hypnogogic hallucinations arise when go to sleep, hypnopompic arise
Clomipramine
when awaken.
Imipramine
Decrease need ofr sleep Have people ANNOYED you by criticizing your drinking?
High self-esteem/grandiosity Have you ever felt bad or GUILTYabout your drinking?
Ideas that race Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves
or get rid of a hangover (EYE-OPENER)?
Goal-directed activity increased
High-risk activity
Depression: major episode DSM-IV criteria First, of course Hyper/hypothermia
depressed mood is one. Then: Intracranial process/infection
SIG E CAPS: Metabolic/meningitis
Sleep disturbance Poisons
Interest loss Status epilepticus
Guilt (or intense worthlessness)
Energy loss
Concentration loss
Appetite changes
Psychomotor agitation or retardation Deliriogenic medications
Suicidal tendency ACUTE CHANGE IN MS14
Antibiotics
Cardiac drugs
Urinary incontinence drugs
DIAGNOSING DELIRIUM
Theophylline
Causes Ethanol
I WATCH DEATH Corticosteroids
Infection H2 blockers
Withdrawal Antiparkinsonian drugs
Acute metabolic Narcotics
Trauma Geriatric psychiatric drugs
CNS pathology ENT drugs
Hypoxia Insomnia drugs
Deficiencies NSAIDs
Endocrinopathies Muscle relaxants
Acute vascular Seizure medicines
Toxins or drugs
Heavy metals
Life-threatening causes
WWHHHHIMPS*
Wernickes encephalopathy
Withdrawal
Hypertensive crisis
Hypoperfusion/hypoxia of the brain
Hypoglycemia
Male erectile dysfunction (MED): biological causes MED: DIAGNOSING PERSONALITY DISORDERS
Medicines(propranalol, methyldopa, SSRI, etc.)
Ethanol
Diabetes mellitus Cluster personality disorders Cluster A Disorder =
Atypical. Unusual and eccentric.
Male Erectile Dysfunction (MED): drugs causing it "STOP
Cluster B Disorder = Beast. Uncontrolled wildness.
erection":
Cluster C Disorder = Coward [avoidant type], Compulsive
SSRI (fluoxtine)
[obsessive-compulsive type], or Clingy [dependent type].
Thioridazone
methyldOpa Paranoid personality disorder
Propranalol SUSPECT9
Spousal infidelity suspected
Unforgiving (bears grudges)
Parasomnias: time of onset SLeep terrors and SLeepwalking Suspicious
occur during SLow-wave sleep (stages 3 & 4). Perceives attacks (and reacts quickly)
NightmaRE occurs during REM sleep (and is REMembered). Enemy or friend? (suspects associates and friends)
Confiding in others is feared
Autistic disorder: features AUTISTICS:
Threats perceived in benign events
Again and again (repetitive behavior)
Unusual Abilities Schizotypal personality disorder
Talking (language) delay ME PECULIAR9
IQ subnormal Magical thinking
Social development poor Experiences unusual perceptions
Three years onset Paranoid ideation
Inherited component [35% concordance] Eccentric behavior or appearance
Cognitive impairment Constricted or inappropriate affect
Self injury Unusual thinking or speech
Lacks close friends
Ideas of reference
Anxiety in social situations
Rule out psychotic or pervasive developmental disorders
Schizoid Attention (need to be the center of)
Influenced easily
DISTANT (4)
Style of speech (impressionistic, lacking detail)
Detached/flattened affect
Emotions (rapidly shifting, shallow)
Indifferent to criticism or praise
Make up (physical appearance used to draw attention to self)
Sexual interests of little interest
Emotions exaggerated
Tasks done solitarily
Absence of close friends Histrionic personality disorder
Neither desires or enjoys close relationships ACTRESSS*
Takes pleasure in few activities Appearance focused
Center of attention
Theatrical
Borderline personality disorder Relationships (believed to be more intimate than they are)
IMPULSIVE10 Easily influenced
Impulsive Seductive behavior
Moodiness Shallow emotions
Paranoia or dissociation under stress Speech (impressionistic and vague)
Unstable self-image
Narcissistic personality disorder
Labile intense relationships
GRANDIOSE11
Suicidal gestures
Grandiose
Inappropriate anger
Requires attention
Vulnerability to abandonment
Arrogant
Emptiness (feelings of)
Need to be special
Borderline personality: traits PRAISE: Dreams of success and power
Paranoid ideas Interpersonally exploitative
Relationship instability Others (unable to recognize feelings/needs of)
Affective instability/ Abandonment fears/ Angry outbursts Sense of entitlement
Impulsiveness/ Identity disturbance Envious
Suicidal behaviour/ Self-harming behaviour
Emptiness
Other pointers:
Any suicide thoughts still ongoing i.e. are they still actively suicidal after an
attempt?