Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
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9/20/2012
Focal Length
F F
Focal length, f
Object distance, xo
Image distance, xi
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Focal length, f
Object distance, xo
Clicker Question
Image distance, xi Focal length, f
F F
Object distance, xo
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Object distance, xo
Image distance, xi
1 1 1
+ =
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Object distance, 15 cm
Image distance, 30 cm
We can verify our result is consistent with the result from ray tracing.
Ray tracing does not give an exact numeric answer, because we cant
draw all our lines perfectly. But we can verify our answers.
Object size, So
Image size, Si
Object distance, 15 cm
Image distance, 30 cm
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Magnification
Focal length, f
Object size, So
Image size, Si
Object distance, xo
Image distance, xi
= =
Magnification is indicated by the letter M, and is negative for an
image inverted with respect to the object, and positive for an
image that is not inverted
Magnification
Focal length, 10 cm
Object distance, 15 cm
Image distance, 30 cm
30 cm
= = = 2
15 cm
Magnification of -2 means the image is twice the size of
the object and inverted.
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Magnification
Diverging lens
F F
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1
in diopters =
(in meters)
Meaning of P
P is a measure of the ray bending power of the lens
Your eyeglass or contact lens prescription is usually
given in diopters (P)
P is positive for converging lenses (positive f) and
negative for diverging lenses (negative f)
Clicker Question
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Multiple Lenses
Lens 1 Lens 2
Image from Lens
1 only, effective
image for Lens 2
f1 f2 f1 f2
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Multiple Lenses
Lens 1 Lens 2
f1 f2 f1 f2
f1 f2 f1 f2
Object distance, xo
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f1 f2 f1 f2
xi= 6.5 cm
xo= -24 cm
Multiple Lenses
Lens 1 Lens 2
f1 f2 f1 f2
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Corrective Lenses
Lens 1 Lens 2 Retina
f1 f2 f1 f2
If you have 20/20 vision, the lens of your eye (Lens 2) produces an
image correctly on your retina. Here it produces an image behind the
retina. This looks blurry.
If we add a lens in front, like glasses or contacts, the combination of
the two lenses will produce an image correctly located at your retina
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Safety Applications
Fresnel Lens
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Fresnel Lens
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