Presentation Niigata Session1 CASCADES Kazuhiro Yuki Rev4

Advanced Development of
Medium Speed Gas Engine

Targeting to Marine
Kazuhiro Yuki
Niigata Power Systems Co., Ltd.
Background
Nowadays, regulation of exhaust emission from engines is
becoming more strict year by year in the marine field, and it is
difficult to fulfill the regulation by diesel engine itself.
Gas fuelled engines emit low NOx, therefore it is possible to

satisfy the regulation by the engine itself. One of solution)
[g/kWh]
IMO NOx regulation [g/kWh
Tier
20% reduction Tier
NIIGATAs Gas engine

80% reduction Tier
(ECA: Year 2016)
Engine speed [min-1]

CIMAC CASCEDS 2014 Busan Oct, 2014 Copyrights reserved Niigata Power Systems Co., Ltd. 2
New Marine Gas Engine
Gas--fueled engines for marine application

Gas
Related to IMO NOx emission standards
Niigata new gas engine is dual
dual--fuel engine.
engine.
The engine can operate as an ordinary diesel engine and also as a gas engine.
Even if one of the gas supply components malfunctions while operating in the
gas mode, the ship can continue running by switching the engine to the diesel
mode.
The dual-fuel engine provides

redundancy for the ships
propulsion system, which is one
of the most important features
for safety operation.
Target of ships
800 One of operation pattern Z-peller
Gas engine
600
400
200
0
12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 14:00
Time [hm]
Maximum quick load increase

in above operation pattern
800
LNG Tank
600
400
15% to 100% load
200
Quick load increase. Tugboat with direct drive
0
12:15 12:16 12:17 12:18 12:19 12:20 in heaver is target.
Time [hm]
Quick load increase is demanded at tugboat operation.

Transient performance
Excess air ratio during acceleration
acceleration
pressure(Output)
Mean effective pressure(Output
High
Lack of air can
Knocking Misfire occur from the
delay of T/C
respondent or delay
of excess air ratio
adjustment.
Steady
Accelerating
operation
Operational zone
Lack of air causes
Air-fuel ratio Knocking.
Gas rich Gas lean
Gas mode
IMO NOx Tier III compliant
Same load transition characteristics as current diesel
engine
Same output and flexible mode change between
diesel and gas at any load
Quick mode change to diesel mode in case emergency
Knocking free operation
Diesel mode
IMO NOx Tier II compliant
Specification of Marine gas engine
Items Specification
Developed 6L28AHX-DF
engine Dual fuel engine
Direct injection
Ignition method
gas mode Micro pilot ignition
B.M.E.P. 2.0 MPa

Fuel gas LNG, NG (gas phase)
MN=65
Fuel oil MDO
Key concept of ignition method
Utilization of simulation for certain combustion
The micro pilot combustion by direct injection was achieved with
the utilization of simulation, designing appropriate injector
specification and combustion chamber.
Gas Operation
Pilot oil Fuel gas
Gas
admission
valve
Direct
injection Air
Quick load change operation
120
Engine load [%]
100 Propeller direct drive

80 At quick load
60 increase,
40 turbocharger
20
cannot supply a
0
300 400 500 600 700 800 sufficient amount
Engine speed [min-1] of air.
Air flow at
Boost air flow
static operation
Air flow at
quick load
change operation
300 400 500 600 700 800

Air--fuel control
Air
Air-
Air-Fuel Actuator
Controller Water Air
Bypass
line
Temp. Valve Throttle
Controller
Valve
Air cooler
Temp.
Temp. Turbocharger
Exhaust gas
Charge air pressure
Gas Valve
Engine load Air-fuel ratio is
should be Cylinder controlled by the charge
controlled by air temperature and
gas volume. pressure.
Fuel Gas
Transient performance
Excess air ratio during acceleration
acceleration
pressure(Output)
Mean effective pressure(Output Improvement of Suppression of
High air flow knocking
Lack of air can
Knocking Misfire occur from the
delay of T/C
respondent or delay
of excess air ratio
adjustment.
Steady
Accelerating
operation
Operational zone
Lack of air causes
Air-fuel ratio Knocking.
Gas rich Gas lean
To improve transient performance , secure of sufficient

air flow and suppression of knocking is necessary
Operation
Operation concept
Gas mode Normal Operation
Normal Change Rapid Change Return Change

Normal Change
Diesel Mode Start Emergency Stop
Operation pattern
After Clutch ON Idle operation 100% load
DE to GE Can keep GE Change over
100%
Load
Clutch ON
Idle
Stop
Load up operation Before stop
during change over GE to DE
GE
Mode
DE
Switching of engine operation mode
Normal gas mode change Emergency diesel mode change
Diesel mode Gas mode Gas mode Diesel mode

Engine speed
Measurement data
Gas governor signal
Diesel governor signal
Time Time
Realized mode change at 100% load
NOx emission characteristics
IMO NOx emission standards

New engine satisfied NOx emission for IMO Tier
with gas mode and Tier with diesel mode.
]
h/
g
ot
Diesel engine Dual fuel engine (Gas mode) dn
op
100 100 se Diesel engine
Quantity of emissions
Tier rr
oc Dual fuel engine(Gas mode)
81 [
x
O
N
0 25 50 75 100
Load [%]
Tier ]
h/
g Diesel engine
12 ot
dn Dual fuel engine(Gas mode)
op
se
rr
Carbon dioxide Nitrogen oxide oc
[
(CO2) (NOx) 2O
C
0 25 50 75 100
Load [%]
Ship handling demonstration
demonstrationtug boat
boat
In gasdirect
Load
FPP mode,
pattern transient performance
of a tugisboat,
connection comparable
which needs
rapid
with transient
diesel performance,
engine
supported(with was
marine was tested.
achieved.
gear)
Rated
output
Rated
Engine speed
Diesel mode
Rated
output output
Gas mode
Engine speed
Engine speed
Diesel mode Gas mode
Idle Idle
Idle
Elapsed time
min
Elapsed time
min

Elapsed time
min

Conclusion
In gas mode, finally NOx emission of IMO Tier was

succeeded.
Transient performance comparable to diesel engine

was achieved in gas mode
Niigata will deliver newly developed dual fuel engine to

Japans first LNG fuelled ship.
This is the worlds first built pure mechanical driven FPP
LNG fuelled ship.
Proffered NYK
Thank you for your attention.
Acknowledgement
The Dual Fuel marine propulsion engine 6L28AHX-DF introduced today uses part of technology
from the research development which was selected as a supported project of Research project of
CO2 reduction from marine vessels by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism,
selected as a supported project by Nippon Kaiji Kyoukai(Class NK), selected as a joint research
with Japan Ship Technology research association and financially supported by the NIPPON
Foundation.
NIIGATA expresses sincere appreciation to these associations and foundation.

Presentation Niigata Session1 CASCADES Kazuhiro Yuki Rev4

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Presentation Niigata Session1 CASCADES Kazuhiro Yuki Rev4

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Advanced Development of

Medium Speed Gas Engine

Gas fuelled engines emit low NOx, therefore it is possible to

NIIGATAs Gas engine

Engine speed [min-1]

Gas--fueled engines for marine application

The dual-fuel engine provides

Maximum quick load increase

Quick load increase is demanded at tugboat operation.

B.M.E.P. 2.0 MPa

100 Propeller direct drive

300 400 500 600 700 800

To improve transient performance , secure of sufficient

Normal Change Rapid Change Return Change

Diesel Mode Start Emergency Stop

Normal gas mode change Emergency diesel mode change

Diesel mode Gas mode Gas mode Diesel mode

Gas governor signal

Diesel governor signal

Realized mode change at 100% load

IMO NOx emission standards

In gas mode, finally NOx emission of IMO Tier was

Transient performance comparable to diesel engine

Niigata will deliver newly developed dual fuel engine to

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