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Chapter01
TestBank:TheEvolutionofMicroorganismsandMicrobiology
True/FalseQuestions
1.Microorganismscontain50%ofthebiologicalcarbonand90%ofthebiologicalnitrogen
onEarth.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:MicrobialWorld
FillintheBlankQuestions
2.Alllivingorganismscanbeplacedintooneofthree__________,whichincludethe
Bacteria,Archaea,andtheEukarya.
domains
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:MicrobialWorld
1-1
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
3.Archaeaareprokaryotesthathaveuniquecellmembrane__________.
lipids
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.01
Topic:Prokaryotes
1-2
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
True/FalseQuestions
4.Microbiologistsstudyavarietyoforganisms,butallareconsideredmembersofeither
BacteriaorArchaea.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Apply
Section1.01
Topic:MicrobialWorld
5.Alleukaryoteshaveamembranedelimitednucleus.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.01
Topic:Eukaryotes
6.Virusesarenotgenerallystudiedbymicrobiologistsbecausetheyarenotclassifiedas
livingorganisms.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:VirusesandAcellularInfectiousAgents
7.Virusesconstitutethefourthdomainoflifeincurrentbiologicalclassificationschemes.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Evaluate
Section1.01
Topic:VirusesandAcellularInfectiousAgents
MultipleChoiceQuestions
1-3
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
8.Protistscontainallofthefollowingformsoflifeexcept
A.protozoa.
B.fungi.
C.slimemolds.
D.algae.
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.01
Topic:MicrobialWorld
9.Cellswitharelativelycomplexmorphologythathaveatruemembranedelimitednucleus
arecalled
A.prokaryotes.
B.eukaryotes.
C.urkaryotes.
D.nokaryotes.
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:Eukaryotes
10.Cellswitharelativelysimplecellmorphologythatdonothaveatruemembrane
delimitednucleusarecalled
A.prokaryotes.
B.eukaryotes.
C.urkaryotes.
D.nokaryotes.
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:Prokaryotes
1-4
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
11.TheribosomalRNAstudiesthatledtothedivisionofprokaryoticorganismsintothe
BacteriaandtheArchaeawerebegunby
A.Pasteur
B.Woese
C.Needham
D.Watson
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.01
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
12.Definitionoflifeincludesallofthefollowingexcept
A.cellsmaintaininternalorder
B.cellsuseenergyandhaveametabolism
C.cellsreproduce
D.cellslackresponsetoexternalenvironment
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.02
Topic:MicrobialWorld
13.Proteinsfunctioninmoderncellsas
A.catalysts
B.hereditaryinformation
C.structuralelements
D.bothAandC
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.02
Topic:MicrobialWorld
1-5
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
14.RNAservestoconverttheinformationstoredinDNAto________.
A.carbohydrates
B.protein
C.lipids
D.RNA
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.02
Topic:Genetics
1-6
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
15.Catalyticproteinsspeedupthemyriadofchemicalreactionsthatoccurincells;these
proteinsareknownas
A.ribozymes
B.nucleicacids
C.enzymes
D.lipids
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.02
Topic:MicrobialMetabolism
True/FalseQuestions
16.Theearliestmicrobialfossilsthathavebeenfoundaredatedfromapproximately4.5
millionyearsago.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.02
Topic:MicrobialWorld
MultipleChoiceQuestions
1-7
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
17.Whichofthefollowingdistinguishthefieldofmicrobiologyfromotherfieldsof
biology?
A.thesizeoftheorganismstudied
B.thetechniquesusedtostudyorganismsregardlessoftheirsize
C.boththesizeoftheorganismstudiedandthetechniquesemployedinthestudyof
organisms
D.neitherthesizeoftheorganismstudiednorthetechniquesemployedinthestudyof
organismsregardlessoftheirsize
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:ToolsandMethodsofCulturing,Classifying,andIdentifyingMicroorganisms
1-8
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
18.Whoofthefollowingdevelopedasetofcriteriathatcouldbeusedtoestablishacausative
linkbetweenaparticularmicroorganismandaparticulardisease?
A.Fracastoro
B.Koch
C.Pasteur
D.Lister
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
19.Whoofthefollowingwasthefirsttoobserveandaccuratelydescribemicroorganisms?
A.Pasteur
B.Lister
C.vanLeeuwenhoek
D.Tyndall
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
20.Whoofthefollowingprovidedtheevidenceneededtodiscredittheconceptof
spontaneousgeneration?
A.Pasteur
B.Koch
C.Semmelweiss
D.Lister
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-9
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
21.Theconceptthatlivingorganismsarisefromnonlivingmaterialiscalled
A.biogenesis.
B.celltheory.
C.spontaneousgeneration.
D.germtheory.
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
22.Theconceptthathumanandanimaldiseasesarecausedbymicroorganismsiscalledthe
A.celltheory.
B.germtheory.
C.causativetheory.
D.diseasetheory.
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:InfectionandDisease
23.Whoseworkonspontaneousgenerationfirstdemonstratedtheexistenceofaveryheat
resistantformofbacteriathatarecalledendospores?
A.Schwann
B.Redi
C.Tyndall
D.Pasteur
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-10
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
24.Antisepticsurgerywaspioneeredby
A.Pasteur.
B.Lister.
C.Jenner.
D.Kitasato.
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-11
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
25.StudiesbyEmilvonBehringandShibasaburoKitasatodemonstratedthatinactivated
toxinscaninducethesynthesisofantitoxinsinthebloodofrabbits.Theseantitoxins
(antibodies)arethebasisof
A.humoralimmunity.
B.cellmediatedimmunity.
C.antibioticimmunity.
D.phagocytemediatedimmunity.
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
26.Thefirstsurgicalantiseptictobeusedwas
A.iodine.
B.ethanol.
C.phenol.
D.noneofthechoices.
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
27.Oldculturesofbacteriathathavelosttheirabilitytocausediseasearesaidtobe
A.impotent.
B.virulent.
C.pathogenic.
D.attenuated.
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:InfectionandDisease
1-12
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
28.Whoiscreditedwithdevelopinganddocumentingthefirstvaccinationprocedureagainst
smallpox?
A.Koch
B.Pasteur
C.Jenner
D.Lister
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
29.Whoiscreditedwithdevelopingavaccineagainstchickencholera?
A.Koch
B.Pasteur
C.Jenner
D.Lister
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
30.Whoofthefollowingfirstdiscoveredthatsomebloodleukocytescouldengulfdisease
causingbacteria?
A.vonBehring
B.Meister
C.Metchnikoff
D.Ivanowski
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-13
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
31.Theuseofenrichmentculturesandselectivemediawaspioneeredby
A.Beijerinck.
B.Jenner.
C.Pasteur.
D.vonBehring.
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
True/FalseQuestions
32.FannyHessefirstsuggestedthatagarbeusedtosolidifymicrobiologicalmedia.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
33.M.J.BerkeleydemonstratedthatthegreatpotatoblightofIrelandwascausedbya
fungus.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
34.Invisiblelivingcreatureswerethoughttoexistandcausediseaselongbeforetheywere
everobserved.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
35.Koch'spostulateswereinstrumentalinestablishingthatMycobacteriumlepraeisthe
causeofleprosy.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
36.EdwardJenner'sworkinpreventingrabiesledtotheuseofthetermvaccinationto
describeatypeofprocedureusedinthepreventionofdisease.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
37.Althoughdevelopedover100yearsago,Koch'spostulatescontinuetobeused
successfullyinallknownhumaninfectiousdiseases.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
38.Thecriteriaforestablishingacausativelinkbetweenaparticularmicroorganismanda
particulardiseasewerefirstproposedbyJacobHenle.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-16
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
39.Virusesandbacteriawerefirstculturedinthelaboratoryataboutthesametime.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-17
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
40.Agarisusedasasolidifyingagentformicrobiologicalmediabecauseitisnotreadily
digestedbymostmicroorganisms.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:ToolsandMethodsofCulturing,Classifying,andIdentifyingMicroorganisms
41.CharlesChamberlanddevelopedporcelainfiltersthatallowedotherscientiststo
demonstratethatvirusesaresmallerthanbacteria.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
42.Thefirstdiseasetobeidentifiedasbeingcausedbyaviruswastobaccomosaicdisease.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:VirusesandAcellularInfectiousAgents
43.JohnTyndalldemonstratedthatmicroorganismspresentintheairarecarriedondust
particles.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
44.AgastinoBassidemonstratedthatatypeofsilkwormdiseasewascausedbyafungusand
proposedthatmanydiseasesarecausedbymicroorganisms.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-19
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
45.Theusefulnessofagarinsolidifyingmicrobiologicalgrowthmediaislimitedbecauseit
doesnotremainsolidattemperaturesabout28oC.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:ToolsandMethodsofCulturing,Classifying,andIdentifyingMicroorganisms
46.RobertKochdevelopedavaccinethatcouldbeusedtopreventanthrax.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
FillintheBlankQuestions
47.ElieMetchnikoffdiscovered__________,whichisamajorfeatureofthehostimmune
response.
phagocytosis
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
48.AnItalianphysician,__________,challengedtheconceptofspontaneousgenerationby
demonstratingthatmaggotsdonotarisefromdecayingmeatbutratherfromdevelopingfly
eggs.
Redi
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-20
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
1-21
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
49.__________discoveredthatsoilbacteriacouldoxidizeiron,sulfur,andammoniato
obtainenergy.
Winogradsky
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
50.__________wasthefirsttoisolatearootnodulebacteriumcapableofnitrogenfixation.
Beijerinck
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
True/FalseQuestions
51.Theendosymbiotichypothesisisgenerallyacceptedastheoriginoftwoeukaryotic
organelles:mitochondriaandchloroplasts.
FALSE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:MicrobialWorld
52.Therelationshipbetweenspecificbacteriaandspecificdiseaseswasfirstdemonstratedby
Koch.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology
1-22
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
53.Somemicroorganismsareusefulinbioremediationprocessesthatreducetheeffectsof
pollution.
TRUE
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology
FillintheBlankQuestions
54.Thebranchofmicrobiologythatdealswithdiseasesofhumansandanimalsiscalled
__________microbiology.
medical
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology
55.Thebranchofmicrobiologythatdealswiththemechanismsbywhichthehumanbody
protectsitselffromdiseasecausingorganismsiscalled__________.
immunology
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:ImmunityandImmunization
56.__________microbiologistsmonitorcommunityfoodestablishmentsandwatersupplies
inordertocontrolthespreadofcommunicablediseases.
Publichealth
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology
1-23
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
57.Thebranchofmicrobiologythatstudiestherelationshipbetweenmicroorganismsand
theirhabitatsiscalled__________.
microbialecology
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:MicrobialEcology
58.__________and__________microbiologyinvestigatesthespoilageofproductsfor
humanconsumptionandtheuseofmicroorganismsintheproductionofcheese,yogurt,
pickles,beer,andthelike.
Food,dairy
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology
59.__________microbiologyinvolvestheuseofmicroorganismstomakeproductssuchas
antibiotics,vaccines,steroids,alcohols,vitamins,aminoacids,andenzymes.
Industrial
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology
60.Microbial__________arescientistswhoinvestigatethesynthesisofantibioticsand
toxins,theproductionofenergywithmicroorganisms,andthewaysinwhichmicroorganisms
surviveharshenvironmentalconditions.
physiologists
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology
1-24
Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology
61.Microbial__________focusesonthenatureofheredityandhowitregulatesthe
developmentandfunctionofcellsandorganisms.
genetics
1-25