ADMISSIONTESTFORTHEDEGREECOURSEINMEDICINEANDSURGERY

AcademicYear2012/2013

ThinkingSkills

1 Manypeoplearguethatthemanygovernmentprogrammesintendedtoincreaseroadsafetyhave
causedasteadydeclineinthenumberofaccidentsonourroads.However,someobserversreport
thattherealnumberofaccidentsmaybemuchhigherthanisshownintheofficialrecordsas
manyaccidentsarenotreportedbydrivers.Theyalsosaythatduringthetimewhenaccident
figureshavedecreased,thenumberofpeoplegoingtohospitalsbecauseofroadaccidentshas
stayedconstant.
Whichoneofthefollowingcanbedrawnasaconclusionfromtheabovepassage?
A Roadsafetyhasimprovedgreatlyinrecentyears.
B Driversshouldberequiredtoreportallaccidentsthatoccurontheroad.
C Positiveviewsaboutcontinuallyimprovingroadsafetymaynotbesupportedbywhatactually
happens.
D Governmentprogrammeshavebeenunsuccessfulinreducingthenumberofaccidents.
E Hospitaladmissionsareagoodwayofmeasuringchangesinthenumberofaccidentsonour
roads.

2 In2010therewereover110,000incidentsofarson(deliberatelysettingfiretobuildings)intheUKin
whichover100peoplewerekilled,usuallyinattacksonpeople'shomes.Onlyasmallpercentage
ofhomeshavesmokealarms.Ifmorehomeshadsmokealarms,thenumberofdomesticfires
wouldbesignificantlyreduced.Thereshouldbeacampaigntopersuadepeopletoinstallsmoke
alarmsintheirhomeasthiswouldreducethenumberofdeaths.
Whichoneofthefollowingidentifiestheflawintheaboveargument?
A Itassumesthathavingsmokealarmswillpreventfires.
B Itassumesthatalldeathsinfiresarefromarsonattacks.
C Itoverlooksthefactthatsmokealarmsmaynotwork.
D Itassumesthatpeoplewillbewillingtoinstallsmokealarms.
E Itassumesthatallarsonattacksareonpeople'shomes.

UCLES 2012 Page 1 / 40

3 Nicotinechewinggumisalreadyavailableinchemists.Nicotineisanaddictivedrug,butbyitselfit
causeslittle,ifany,harm.Unlikeotheraddictivesubstancesitdoesnotreducethebrain's
performance,makepeoplelazy,antisocial,orhavemoreaccidents.Butuntilrecentlynicotinehas
beentakenonlyintheformoftobacco,whichalsocontainscancercausingchemicalsanddeadly
gasesthatkillonethirdofthepeoplewhosmokeit.Thechewinggumdoesnotcontainthese
chemicals,andisnotdangerousinanyotherway.
Whichoneofthefollowingisaconclusionwhichcanbedrawnfromtheabovepassage?
A Nicotinechewinggumshouldbebannedasitisaddictive.
B Nicotinechewinggumisarelativelysafealternativetotobaccoforthoseaddictedtonicotine.
C Tobaccosmokerscangetridoftheiraddictionbychewingnicotinegum.
D Nicotinechewinggumwillmakenicotineaddictionmorecommonbyremovingsomeofits
risks.
E Tobaccocompaniesshouldputmoneyintothemanufactureandmarketingofnicotinechewing
gum.

4 Televisionprogrammesthatshowyoungpeopleinaschoolenvironmentcontinuetofeaturehighly
inviewingschedules.Fewoftheprogrammes,however,giveanyemphasisonthetimespent
studyingandtheworkrequiredforacademicsuccess.Manyoftheactorsusedarefarolderthan
thecharacterstheyportray,suggestingattitudes,behaviourandappearancesthatareinaccurate
andsometimesinappropriate.Broadcastersandproducersshouldtrytocorrectthis.
Whichoneofthefollowingmustbeassumedintheaboveargument?
A Youngpeoplemayfeelthattheirsociallifeisdullcomparedwiththatshownintelevision
programmes.
B Itisoftenimpracticaltouseyoungpeopleintelevisionprogrammesgiventherestrictionson
howmanyhourstheycanwork.
C Itisimportanttorepresentschoollifeaccurately.
D Televisionprogrammesaboutotherareassuchasthepolicearenotaccurate.
E Schoolworkandacademicsuccessareimportanttoallstudents.

5 Thevolumeofwaterexpandsby9%whenitfreezes.
Ifyouwantablockofice40cm,howmuchwaterwouldyouneedtoputintoafreezer?
A 36.7cm
B 38.2cm
C 38.0cm
D 40.0cm
E 37.0cm

UCLES 2012 Page 2 / 40

6 Inachildren'sstorytherearethreetypesofmonster,Bongles,CranniesandDervies.Some,but
notall,BonglesareCranniesandallCranniesareDervies.
WhichoneofthefollowingisdefinitelyNOTtrue?
A SomeDerviesarebothBonglesandCrannies.
B SomeDerviesareneitherBonglesnorCrannies.
C AllCranniesareeitherBonglesorDerviesorboth.
D NoDerviesareBongles.
E SomeBonglesareDervies.

7 Aliceworksuntil5pmeachdayfromMondaytoFriday.OnFridaysheisplanningtogotothe
cinemawithfriends.Thereisalocalbusservicewhichpassesherworkplace,homeandcinema.
Partofthebustimetableisshowninthetablebelow.Aliceplanstotakethebushome,whereshe
willgetreadytogotothecinemaandthenshewillcatchthebustogettothecinema.Itwilltake
Alice45minutestogetreadyandshewillalsoneed10minuteswhenshereachesthecinemato
buyherticketbeforeafilmstarts.Filmsstartevery15minutesstartingfrom6pm.

Work 16:39 17:04 17:39 18:04 18:39 19:04 19:39

Home 17:08 17:33 17:58 18:33 18:58 19:33 19:58

Cinema 17:33 17:58 18:33 18:58 19:33 19:58 20:33

Whatistheearliesttimethatshecanwatchafilm?
A 18:15
B 18:30
C 18:45
D 19:00
E 19.15

8 Moderntechnologyhasgivenusthepowertouserenewablenaturalresourcesfasterthantheycan
bereplaced.Thedeclineoffishnumbersprovidesoneexampleofthewayinwhichmodern
technologycanrapidlyuseupanaturalresource.Modernfishingshipsequippedwithfishdetecting
systemsandhugenetscangatherupvastquantitiesoffishquickerthantheseacanrenewthem.
Becausehightechnologygivesussuchharmfulpowers,wemustlearntousetherenewable
resourcesoftheearthcarefully,ratherthanwastethem.
Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainconclusionoftheabovepassage?
A Moderntechnologysimplytakesfromtheenvironmentanddestroysitsresources.
B Fishingisnowaseriousthreattotheworld'senvironmentandshouldcease.
C Fishneedtobecarefullyprotectedtopreventthemfrombeingdestroyed.
D Mostpeopleareunawareofthedamagingeffectsofmoderntechnology.
E Humansmustpreserverenewableresourcesbylearninghowtousethemcarefully.

UCLES 2012 Page 3 / 40

9 Showergelisnowusedmuchmorethansoapwhenpeopletakeashower.Thisisunfortunate.
Showergelrequiresmuchmorepackagingwhichmeansmorerubbish.Thereisalsoatendency
forpeopletousemoreofitwhenwashingincomparisonwithsoap.Thereforemorenatural
resourcesareconsumedinthemanufacturingprocessthanwouldbeifpeopleusedonlysoap.So,
thetrendtowardsshowergelisbadfortheenvironment.Thisisbecauseitcreatesmoreproblems
ofwastedisposalandusesupmoreresourcesthansoap.Weshouldmakepeoplemoreawareof
theenvironmentalimpactofsuchsimpledecisions.
Whichoneofthefollowingisanexpressionofthemainconclusionoftheaboveargument?
A Theincreasedpopularityofshowergelisbadfortheenvironment.
B Itisunfortunatethatshowergelhasbecomemorepopularthansoap.
C Peopleshouldbemademoreawareoftheenvironmentalconsequencesofchoosingshower
gel.
D Theuseofshowergelincreasestheproblemsofwastedisposal.
E Themanufactureofshowergelismorewastefulofnaturalresources.

10 TenyearsagoinmanyEuropeancities,officestypicallyhadspacesforsixbicycles,halfofwhich
wereneverusedandspacesfor50carswhichwerealwaysfull.Today,therearefewercar
spacesandmanymorespacesforbicycleswhicharealwaysfull.Thischangetocyclingmay
seemstrangetosomeascyclingismoreeffort.Possiblecausesarerisingfuelprices,the
introductionofhigherparkingchargesfordriversinmajorcities,increasingawarenessof
environmentalissues,expensivepublictransportandtrafficjams.
Whichoneofthefollowingcanbedrawnasaconclusionfromtheabovepassage?
A Usingabicycleisnowthemostpopularwayoftravellingtowork.
B Travellersarenowmuchmoreenvironmentallyawarethantheywere10yearsago.
C Peoplewillnotcycletoworkunlessemployersprovidemorecyclespacesonsite.
D Travellersarenowlesshappytopaythecostsofcarusethantheyweretenyearsago.
E Morepeoplecycletoworknowthan10yearsago.

11 Iwishtorepaintthewallsofmygarage.Itis3metreshigh,4metreswideand9metresdeep.I
shallnotneedtopainttheelectronicdoorwhichcoversone3x4metreend,northewindow,which
is2metreswideand1metrehigh,northereardoorwhichis1metrewideand2metreshigh.1
litreofpaintcovers3squaremetres.
Howmany1litretinswillbeneededtocompletethepainting?
A 26
B 22
C 25
D 18
E 21

UCLES 2012 Page 4 / 40

12 Approximately1in14menovertheageof50hasprostatecancer.Thelevelof'prostatespecific
antigen'(PSA)isusedasapreliminaryscreeningtestforprostatecancer.
7%ofmenwithprostatecancerdonothaveahighlevelofPSA.Theseresultsareknownas'false
negatives'.
75%ofthosemenwithahighlevelofPSAdonothavecancer.Theseresultsareknownas'false
positives'.
Ifamanover50hasanormallevelofPSA,whatarethechancesthathehasprostatecancer?
A 7%
B 25%
C 5%
D 0.7%
E 0.5%

13 TheNationalFarmer'sUnion(NFU)approvesofcontrolledkillingofbadgerstoreducetheir
numbers,sayingthatitisneededtohelpfarming.Badgersareanimalsbelievedtoberesponsible
forthespreadofbovinetuberculosiswhichresultsinlargenumbersofcowshavingtobe
destroyedeveryyear.Animalrightssupportershavecriticisedtheproposal,butitisclearthatthe
livesofmorecattlecanbesavedbydestroyingasmallernumberofbadgers.Thiscontrolledkilling
shouldbeallowedtogoahead.
Whichoneofthefollowingisthebeststatementoftheflawintheaboveargument?
A Itattackstheanimalrightssupportersratherthantheirargument.
B Itassumesthattheanimalrightssupportersbelievethatanimalsthatarelivingfreelyhavea
greaterrighttolifethanthosethatarebeingbredonfarms.
C Itassumesthattheanimalrightssupportersbelievethatbadgershaveagreaterrighttolife
thancows.
D Itassumesthattheargumentsfromtheanimalrightssupportersareaboutthenumberof
deaths.
E ItassumesthatanimalrightssupportersalwaysdisagreewiththeNFU.

14 GlobalwarmingisthreateningthesurvivalofCalifornia'sredwoods.Thesetreesbenefitfrom
coastalfogwhichiscapturedbythetrees,causingwatertodripontothesoilandtherefore
wateringthem.Sincefogisnow30percentlessfrequentthanitwas50yearsagothetreeswillnot
havethissourceofwaterandarethereforelikelytobegintodieout.
Whichoneofthefollowingmustbeassumedintheaboveargument?
A Globalwarmingistoblameforthereductionincoastalfog.
B Thelevelsoffogwillcontinuetodecline.
C Othertreeswillnotbeabletothriveintheseconditions.
D Redwoodsinotherareasoftheworldarebeingsimilarlyaffected.
E Rainfallhasalsoreducedoverthepast50years.

UCLES 2012 Page 5 / 40

15 OneofthefastestgrowingbeautytreatmentsinBritain,fishpedicureswheretinytoothlessfish
calledgarrarufasmoothfeetbyeatingdeadskinhascomeunderscrutinyfromanimalrights
campaigners.Onecampaignersaid,'FisharecoveredbytheAnimalWelfareAct.Theyneeda
stableenvironmentandcleanwater,uncontaminatedbyperfumeorlotions.'AspainLondon's
WestEndwasclosedrecentlybythelocalcouncilwhenmanyofthefishinitspedicurepooldied.
Thereshouldbeacompletebanonthistypeofpedicure,orelsetherewillsoonbenogarrarufa.
Whichoneofthefollowingisthebeststatementoftheflawintheaboveargument?
A Beautyspaswhichofferfishpedicuresarenotespeciallynumerousatpresent.
B Itwouldbelessharmfulifpeoplewashedtheirfeetbeforeusingthespa.
C Fishinthewildarelikelytodieiftheirenvironmentchanges.
D ThedeathofthefishintheLondonspamaynotbeatypicaloccurrence.
E ThepublicdoesnotimmediatelyassociatefishwiththeAnimalWelfareAct.

16 The100Wlightbulb(cost0.60)isnotgoingtobeusedanymoreandisbeingreplacedwiththe
20W(cost3)lowenergylightbulb.
Ifelectricityischargedat0.15perkWh,forhowmanyhoursmustthelowenergybulbbeusedin
orderforthelowercostofrunningittoexactlycompensateforitshigherinitialcost?
A 0.25
B 250.00
C 200.00
D 160.00
E 720.00

17 Threemonthsago,Janehad5timesasmanyDVDsasDuncan.Sincethentheyhavebothbought
12moreDVDs.JanenowhastwiceasmanyasDuncan.
HowmanyDVDsdoesJanehavenow?
A 72
B 32
C 52
D 62
E 42

UCLES 2012 Page 6 / 40

18 InpreparationformyholidayinBolandialastJune,Ichanged300intoBolandiandollarseverypay
dayfromJanuarytoMay(Iampaidmonthly).
Theexchangerateswereasfollows:

January February March April May

1= $2.74 $2.79 $2.76 $2.83 $2.81

HowmanymoreBolandiandollarswouldIhavereceivedaltogetherif,instead,Ihadchangedthe
whole1500inMay?
A 36
B 48
C 66
D 180
E 105

19 Ratingfiguresformusicarenowmuchmoredifficulttocalculatecomparedtoadecadeago.The
introductionofnewformatsforsellingmusicmeansthatfigureshavetobecalculatedbasedon
moremethodssuchasdownloads,inadditiontothesalesofCDsinshops.Additionally,the
availabilityofmoreformatsmeansthatthereismorepotentialforcopiesofworkstobesharedwith
otherfans,whodonotpayforthem.Thesefansdonotshowupintheratings,sotheofficialratings
donotreflecttherelativepopularityofawork.
Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheaboveargument?
A Thecalculationofratingsbasedondownloadsandsalestogetherisnotdifficult.
B Sharingcopiesofpurchasedworkswithothersisagainstthelaw.
C Artistsarenotinterestedinthepopularityoftheirwork,justthesalesfigures.
D Thesharingofworkswithotherfansismorewidespreadforcertaintypesofmusic.
E Officialratingshaveneverreflectedpopularityverywell.

20 Ithasbeenarguedthatsincetherehastobesomelimitonthefundingofuniversityeducationby
governments,itwouldbebesttotargetsuchfunding,givingalowerprioritytosubjectswhich
providelittlebenefittosociety.Somesubjects,suchasMedicine,EngineeringandComputing
shouldbewellfunded,becausetheyareclearlyofgreatworthtothecommunity.Subjectssuchas
Classics,LiteratureandArtshouldbefundedatamuchlowerlevel.Thesesubjectsareprimarilyof
interesttotheindividual,andawealthysocietyshouldgivesomesubsidytohobbysubjects.
However,itmustberecognisedthatthefutureofsocietyliesinthetraininganddevelopmentof
thosepeoplewhowillcontributethemost.
Whichoneofthefollowingmustbeassumedintheaboveargument?
A Subjectswhichareofinteresttoindividualscanalsoprovidebenefittosociety.
B Thetrainingofthosepeoplewhowillcontributemosttosocietyrequiresanincreasein
governmentfundinginuniversityeducation.
C Medicine,EngineeringandComputingarenotveryinterestingsubjectstostudy.
D Awealthysocietyshouldnotsubsidisesubjectswhichareofinterestonlytoindividuals.
E ThestudyatuniversitiesofClassics,LiteratureandArtprovideslittlebenefittosociety.

UCLES 2012 Page 7 / 40

21 Roughly60percentoftoday'sworldpopulationisbilingualormultilingualanditisarguedthatthisis
anewphenomenon.TodaySpanishandArabicarewidelyspokenwhilstEnglishistheworld's
mostcommonlyspokenandwrittenlanguage.However,500yearsagoitwasLatinwhichwasthe
mainlanguageofeducation,religion,commerceandgovernmentintheWesternWorlddespitethis
notbeingmostpeople'sfirstlanguage.Inthe17thcentury,FrenchandItaliangainedinimportance
aslanguagesofinternationaltrade.
Whichoneofthefollowingcanbedrawnasaconclusionoftheabovepassage?
A Englishwillonedaybereplacedasthemainlanguageofcommunication.
B Speakinganotherlanguagehasalwaysbeenanimportantpracticalconsideration.
C ThemajorityofbilingualormultilingualpeoplespeakEnglish.
D Thenumberofbilingualormultilingualpeopleintheworldwillcontinuetogrow.
E Englishisthemostcommonworldlanguagetodaybecauseofthespreadoftheinternet.

22 Childactorstendtobecomeaddictedtodrinkanddrugsinlaterlife,usuallywhentheybecome
adultsbutarenotassuccessfulastheywerepreviously.Theactorsfrequentlyblametheirparents,
whooftenmanagetheirchildren'scareerandsohaveareasontoworkthemhardwhentheyare
youngandenjoythewealththeirchildrengenerateforthem.Thechildactorswhoavoidthisare
oftentheoneswhowereencouragedtokeepuptheirschoolingandexploreothercareeroptions.
Whichoneofthefollowingcanbedrawnasaconclusionfromtheabovepassage?
A Childactorsshouldhaveotherintereststhatallowforothercareeropportunities.
B Drugabuseiscommonintheentertainmentindustry.
C Youngactorswhocontinuetoworklivehappy,healthylives.
D Parentsshouldnotbeallowedtomanagethecareersoftheirchildren.
E Therearefewerjobsavailableforadultactors.

23 AccordingtotheFoodStandardsAgency,filmgoersshouldbetoldhowmanycaloriestherearein
thepopcorn,icecreamandfizzydrinksthattheybuyincinemasandsmallerportionsofpopcorn
anddrinksshouldalsobeavailable.Astwothirdsofadultsandathirdofchildrenarealreadyobese
oroverweight,withseriousriskofheartdisease,diabetesandcancer,theneedforproperlabelling
towarnpeopleaboutthecaloriecontentoftheseitemsisurgent.
Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,moststrengthenstheargumentinthepassageabove?
A Peoplewhoareoverweightaresometimesmoreconcernedwiththeirlooksthanthelongterm
healthrisks.
B Alargeboxofsaltedpopcorncontainsasmanycaloriesasathreecoursemeal.
C Cinemasrelyonsalesoffoodanddrinktoboosttheirprofits.
D Trialsshowthatconsumersaltertheireatinghabitswhenfoodiscalorielabelled.
E Manypeoplethinkthatthefoodanddrinkconsumedatthecinemaisasimportanttothevisit
asthefilm.

UCLES 2012 Page 8 / 40

24 Tomsharedoutsomemoneybetweenhisthreechildrenintheratio5:3:2.Helaterhadanextra6
whichhegavetothechildwhoreceivedtheleastoriginally.Thismeantthatthemoneyhadbeen
sharedintoonelargeandtwoequalsmallershares.
HowmuchmoneyintotaldidTomgivetothethreechildren?
A 36
B 26
C 60
D 20
E 66

25 Oneradioactivesubstance,P,isgraduallychangedbyradioactivedecayintoanother,Q.Qitself
decaysintoathirdsubstance,R,whichdoesnotdecay.Thegraphsbelowshowhowthe
quantitiesofP,QandRvariedwithtimeduringanexperiment.

Whatdothegraphs1,2and3represent?
A 1:R2:Q3:P
B 1:Q2:P3:R
C 1:Q2:R3:P
D 1:P2:Q3:R
E 1:R2:P3:Q

26 TheChiefExecutiveoftheRoyalOperaHousehasrecentlyoffered100seatsonanyMondaynight
for10.Normallytheseseatscancostupto175thereforeitrepresentsaconsiderablesaving.
HoweverthehopesoftheChiefExecutivethatthiswillattractabroaderaudiencearelikelytobe
disappointed.Itisnotthefinancialcoststhatputpeopleoffoperaitissimplythattheydonotlikeit.
Manyyoungpeoplespendconsiderablesumsofmoneygoingtopremierfootballmatchesor
'clubbing'.Thissuggests,therefore,thattheproblemofattractingamorediverseaudiencetoopera
ismoreaquestionofculturethaneconomics.
Whichoneofthefollowingisanexpressionofthemainconclusionoftheaboveargument?
A The'cheapseats'policyisunlikelytoattractamorediverseaudience.
B Theintentionofthe'cheapseats'policyisthatitwillattractabroaderaudience.
C Aconsiderableamountofmoneycanbesavedasaresultofthisoffer.
D Manyyoungpeopledonotliketheideaofgoingtotheopera.
E Attractingabroaderaudienceforoperaisaproblemoftasteratherthanexpense.

UCLES 2012 Page 9 / 40

27 Theingredientslistonatinofbakedbeansreadsasfollows(inorderofdescendingweight):

l Navybeans(51%)
l Water
l Sugar
l Tomatopuree(4.5%)
l Modifiedmaizestarch
l Salt
l Naturalflavourings
l Onionpowder
l Paprika

Whatisthemaximumpercentageofwaterthetincouldcontain?
A 22.2%
B 17.5%
C 49.0%
D 40.0%
E 44.5%

28 Threefriends,Adam,DavidandSuearesharingoutabagofmarbles.Todothismorequickly,
theytake10marbleseachtimeandrepeatuntilthebagisempty.Therearenotenoughmarbles
forSuetotake10onthelastturn.AdamandDavidthengivehertwomarbleseachandtheyall
havethesame.
HowmanymarblesdidSuetakeonthelastturn?
A 4
B 2
C 8
D 6
E 3

29 Inastreet,asurveyshowedthatoutofahundredhouseholds60hadacat,40hadadog,and20
hadneitheracatnoradog.
Howmanyhouseholdshadacatbutnodog?
A 20
B 50
C 40
D 10
E 30

UCLES 2012 Page 10 / 40

30 Afteralongperiodofdryweather,thewatercontainerinmygardencontainedonly28%ofits
capacityofwater.Lastweek'srain,however,increasedtheamountofwaterinthecontainerby
25%,andaccordingtotheweatherforecast,asimilaramountofrainisexpectedtofallthiscoming
week.
If,asexpected,thecontainergetsthesameamountofrainwaterthiscomingweekasitdidlast
week,whatpercentageofitscapacitywillitthencontain?
A 66.25%
B 42.00%
C 78.00%
D 60.00%
E 43.75%

31 TherearefourriversinBolandia,eachclaimingtobethelongest.Touristboardbrochuresinthe
regionscontainingtherivers,makethefollowingstatements:
1.TheDileisshorterthantheCubba.
2.TheBongoisshorterthantheEsun.
3.TheEsunislongerthantheCubba.
Ifalloftheabovearecorrect,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisdefinitelytrue?
A TheBongoislongerthantheCubba.
B TheEsunislongerthantheDile.
C TheDileislongerthantheEsun.
D TheCubbaislongerthantheBongo.
E TheDileisshorterthantheBongo.

32 Thetablebelowshowsthenumberofpeoplewhovotedforeachcandidateintherecentschool
election:

Name Alison Harold Kevin Peter Rachel

Votes 84 100 72 126 63

Whendrawingapiechartoftheresultsoneofthenumbersabovewasnotreadcorrectly(theother
fourwerecorrect).Theangleswerecalculatedas113.4degrees,90degrees,75.6degrees,56.7
degrees,and24.3degrees.
Whosescorewascopiedincorrectlywhenthepiechartwasconstructed?
A Kevin
B Peter
C Rachel
D Alison
E Harold

UCLES 2012 Page 11 / 40

33 AregulartrainserviceoperatesbetweenJayfordandKayton,a16kmjourneywhichtakes19
minutes.Thetrainstravelataconstantspeedof60kmperhourinbothdirectionsexceptthrougha
tunnel,wheretheyarelimitedto20kmperhour.TrainstravellingtowardsKaytonenterthetunnel4
kmaftersettingofffromJayford.
Howlongisthetunnel?
A 4.5km
B 2.5km
C 1.5km
D 3.5km
E 0.5km

34 AfterNorthernEuropeexperiencedthecoldestweatherforseveralyearslastwinter,peopleare
claimingthatthetheoriesofglobalwarmingareincorrect.Thisisnotaconclusionthatcanbe
drawnfromtheinformationasitisonlybasedonasingleyear'sdata.Globalwarmingisbasedon
longtermchangesinaveragetemperature.Itthereforedoesnotmeanthatthetemperaturewill
increaseeveryyear.TheextremeweatherlastwinterwascausedbycoldairfromtheArcticwhich
isnormallykepttherebystrongwindsaroundthepole.Lastwinterthosewindswerenotasstrong.
Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheaboveargument?
A Someofthepeopleclaimingthatthetheoriesofglobalwarmingareincorrectdonotcome
fromareasthathadverycoldweatherlastwinter.
B Althoughtheweatherwasverycoldlastwinter,thewinterbeforewasofaveragetemperature.
C OtherregionsoftheNorthernHemispherewerehotterlastwinterthaninpreviousyears.
D Allthepeopleclaimingthattheoriesofglobalwarmingareincorrectcomefromareasthathad
verycoldweatherlastwinter.
E Theclaimsthattheoriesofglobalwarmingareincorrectaresupportedbyfurtherevidence.

35 Astudentgiveshisfriendssmall,shorttermloansforperiodsof1,2or3weeksafterwhichtime
theymustberepaidinfull.HealwayslendsonaFridayafternoon.Hestartswith120andloans
outthefollowingamountseachweek:

Week 1 2 3 4

Amount 45 25 18 20

Whatisthesmallestamountofmoneyhehasbytheendofthe4thFriday?
A 82
B 12
C 77
D 100
E 57

UCLES 2012 Page 12 / 40

36 Hundredsofmilesofmotorwaysarelitbyunnecessarystreetlights.Thereisaneedtosave
energyusageinallpublicservicesanditistimethatthegovernmentconsideredturningoffstreet
lighting.Moderncarshavepowerfulheadlightswhichprovideaclearviewoftheroadaheadeven
withoutoverheadlighting.Thereisalsoevidencetosuggestthatwhendriversmovefromanarea
withlightingtoanareawithouttheyaremorelikelytohaveanaccidentthanthosedriverswhohave
drivenexclusivelyonroadswithoutlighting.
Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheaboveargument?
A Thereisevidencethattherearefewerdaytimeaccidentsonthosemotorwayswithoutlighting.
B Drivinginwelllitareasatnightcanleadtoalackofconcentration.
C Researchsuggeststhatolderdriversfinddrivingwithoutlightingmoredifficult.
D Manydriversfinddrivingonunlitroadsdifficult.
E Streetlightingcostslessthanothertypesofroadmaintenance.

37 Thefollowinginformationappearsona200gpacketofbiscuits:

Howmanybiscuitsarethereinafullpacket?
A 22
B 11
C 6
D 13
E 7

38 Arestaurantownerwhohasputgreysquirrelonthemenuhascalleditthe'ultimateethicalfood'.
Thegreysquirrel,asmall,treedwellingrodentintroducedtoBritainoveracenturyago,isbreeding
sorapidlythatthenativeredsquirrelisdisappearing.Encouragingtheconsumptionofthegrey
speciesasfoodmayhelpprotecttheredone,inherview.Theowneraddedthatsquirrelmeatwas
freerange,lowfatandlowonairmiles.However,wecanchallengethis,asitisalljustacheap
publicitystunttoincreasebusinessintherestaurant.Squirrelsshouldnotbeonthemenu!
Whichoneofthefollowingisthebeststatementoftheflawintheaboveargument?
A Itattackstheowner'smotiveratherthanherreasons.
B Itassumesthedisappearanceoftheredsquirreljustifieseatingthegreysquirrel.
C Itattacksthewholenotionofanethicalfood.
D Itassumesthateatinggreysquirrelswillprotecttheredsquirrel.
E Itassumesthatredsquirrelsdon'tneedprotecting.

UCLES 2012 Page 13 / 40

39 Healthservicesshouldfindbetterwaystotakebloodpressurereadingsforpatientsthoughttobe
sufferingfromhighbloodpressure(hypertension).Onethirdofpatientsthoughttohavehighblood
pressuremayactuallyhave'whitecoat'hypertension,accordingtoanewstudy.'Whitecoat'
hypertensionmeansthatapatient'sbloodpressureishighatthedoctor'ssurgery,probablydueto
anxiety,butnormalineverydaylife.Inthestudy,patientssaidtohavehypertensionhadtheirblood
pressuremeasuredinanormalenvironmentmorethanonethirdofthesepatients'blood
pressureswereinthenormalrangewhentheywereathomeorparticipatingintheirusual
activities.Itisworryingthatpatientsarebeingtreatedwithdrugswithsomenegativesideeffectsto
reducehighbloodpressurewhichtheydonotactuallyhave.
Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressestheconclusionoftheargumentabove?
A Twothirdsofpatientssaidtohavehypertensionarebeingwronglytreated.
B Moreeffectivewaysofmeasuringbloodpressureareneeded.
C Healthservicescouldsavemoneycurrentlyspentonunnecessarilyprescribeddrugs.
D Anxietyisthemostcommoncauseofhighbloodpressure.
E 'Whitecoat'hypertensionhasnomedicalsignificance.

40 AsJohnwalksalongtheHighStreet,thenumberstohisleftincreasewhilethenumberstohisright
decrease,asinthediagrambelow.

Thestreetwherehelivesisnumberedinthesameway.Helivesatnumber8PrincessRoadand
thehousedirectlyoppositehishouseisnumber11.
HowmanyhousesarethereonPrincessRoad?
A 18
B 16
C 20
D 14
E 19

Biology

UCLES 2012 Page 14 / 40

41 Ifaglucosemoleculebecameincorporatedasanonterminalcomponentofstarch,whichtwo
regions,labelleditov,wouldbeinvolvedinformingglycosidicbonds?

A iandiii
B iiiandv
C iiandiv
D iandiv
E iiandv

42 Inareflexarcthatcomprisesapainreceptorcellintheskin,threeneuronesandamuscle
(effector),thenumberofsynapsesfoundinthecentralnervoussystem(CNS)is:
A 3
B 5
C 4
D 1
E 2

43 Whichoneofthefollowingmoleculeswillcontainthegreatestnumberofdifferentelements?
A aminoacids
B polysaccharidecarbohydrates
C lipids
D monosaccharidecarbohydrates
E water

UCLES 2012 Page 15 / 40

44 WhichoftheexamplesofhomeostasisdoNOTrequirethebraintobeinvolvedinthecontrol
process?

1. temperatureregulation
2. osmoregulation(regulationofthewatercontentofblood)
3. bloodglucoseconcentrationregulation

A 2and3only
B 3only
C 1and2only
D 2only
E 1only

45 Thediagrambelowrepresentsthefluidmosaicmodelofthecell(surface)membrane.

Onlytwoofthelabelledmoleculeshavebothhydrophobicandhydrophilicareas.Whichtwo
moleculesarethey?
A PandQ
B RandS
C QandR
D SandT
E PandT

UCLES 2012 Page 16 / 40

46 Whichrowofthetablecorrectlyidentifiesabloodvesselthathasalowconcentrationofcarbon
dioxideandavesselthathasalowconcentrationofurea?
lowcarbon lowurea
dioxide

Row1 renalvein pulmonaryartery

Row2 pulmonaryvein renalvein

Row3 renalartery pulmonaryvein

Row4 pulmonaryvein renalartery

Row5 pulmonaryartery renalvein

A Row5
B Row2
C Row4
D Row3
E Row1

47 Geneexpressioncanberegulatedby:
A transcriptionfactors
B DNAreplicationfactors
C RNApolymerase
D roughendoplasmicreticulum
E thepositionofthegenesonthealleles

48 Inasetofgeneticcrossestheoffspringproducedshowedthesamephenotyperatioof9:3:3:1.
Whichofthefollowingstatementscouldbetrue?

1. twogeneseachwithtwoalleleswerestudied
2. allparentswereheterozygous
3. someoffspringhadaphenotypedifferenttotheparents
4. someoffspringhadaphenotypethesameastheparents

A 1,2,3and4
B 1and2only
C 3and4only
D 2and3only
E 1only

UCLES 2012 Page 17 / 40

49 Whichoneofthefollowingwouldbedifferentinapairofnonidenticaltwins?
A alleles
B amountofnuclearDNA
C thetotalofadenineplusguanine
D genes
E chromosomenumber

50 WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTcorrectabouthumanchromosomes?
A Theycontainregionscalledgenes.
B TheyaremadeofDNAandprotein.
C Theyaresometimesnotfoundinpairs
D Theycanattachtothespindleatthecentriole.
E Theyaresometimesfoundinpairs.

51 WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrueofhumanhormones?
A Theyareallreleasedfromglandsandflowdownductsintothebloodstream.
B Ahormonemayaffectoneormorestructuresinthebody.
C Theytravelatthespeedofbloodflow.
D Theyareallchemicals.
E Some,suchastestosteroneandoestrogen,canbesteroids.

52 Whichofthefollowingtransportmechanismsrequiretheuseofproteinmoleculesfoundin
membranesandATP?
1.Activetransport
2.Diffusion
3.Facilitateddiffusion
A 1and2only
B 2and3only
C 3only
D 1only
E 1and3only

UCLES 2012 Page 18 / 40

53 Whichoneofthefollowinglabels,itov,representsanucleotide?

A i
B iv
C v
D ii
E iii

54 WhichofthefollowingcrossesismostlikelytoproduceoffspringofgenotypeGgNn?
A ggNNxGGNn
B GGNnxGgNn
C ggNnxGGNN
D GGNNxggnn
E GgNnxGgNn

55 Antibioticsarebecominglesseffectivedueto:
A peoplebecomingimmunetothem
B peoplenotfinishingthefullcourse
C newantibioticsbeingavailable
D peoplebecomingresistanttothem
E artificialselection

UCLES 2012 Page 19 / 40

56 Thefollowingorganellesareinvolvedinprocessingaminoacidsintoglycoprotein:
1.Golgiapparatus
2.Ribsomes
3.RER
Whichsequenceiscorrectforthisprocess?
A
B
C
D
E

57 Whichofthefollowingareincreasedwhenthelevelofadrenalinerisesinahuman?

1. heartrate
2. breathingrate
3. impulserateinasensoryneurone

A 1and3only
B 1only
C 2and3only
D 1and2only
E 1,2and3

58 Whichofthefollowingis/aretrueabouthydrogenbondsbetweenwatermolecules?
1.Theyareweakbonds.
2.Theyarestrongbonds.
3.Theyaretemporarybonds.
4.Theyrequirehydrolysistobreak.
A 1only
B 2and4only
C 1and3only
D 2and3only
E 1and4only

Chemistry

UCLES 2012 Page 20 / 40

59 WhichoneofthefollowingcouldNOTbetheformulaofanaldehyde?
A C6H12O2
B C5H10O2

C C5H10O
D C5H12O

E C6H12O

60 Whichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrectaboutthesolventpropertiesofwater?

1. Allionicsubstancesdissolveinwater.
2. Allcovalentsubstancesareinsolubleinwater.
3. Thesolubilityofsolidsusuallyincreaseswithariseintemperature.

A 1only
B 2only
C 2and3only
D none
E 3only

61 Inthefollowingreactions,whichsubstancesareactingasoxidisingagents?

C(s)+O2(g)CO2(g)

2Fe3+(aq)+2I(aq)Fe2+(aq)+I2(aq)

Mg(s)+2H+(aq)Mg2+(aq)+H2(g)

A C(s),Fe3+(aq),H+(aq)
B C(s),Fe3+(aq),Mg(s)
C O2(g),I(aq),H+(aq)

D O2(g),Fe3+(aq),H+(aq)

E O2(g),I(aq),Mg(s)

62 WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaboutFe,CuandZn,whichareinthefirstrowofthe
transitionmetals?
A Theyallformbasicoxides.
B TheyallhavedensitiesgreaterthanthoseofGroup1metals.
C Theyareallreactivemetals.
D AllofthemformM2+ions.
E Onlytwoofthemformcolouredions.

UCLES 2012 Page 21 / 40

63 TheAvogadroconstantis6.0x1023mol1.
Howmanyhydrogenatomsaretherein0.420gofcyclohexane?

[Ar:H=1C=12]

A 1.8x1023
B 1.8x1022
C 3.0x1021
D 3.0x1022
E 3.6x1022

64 Whatisthetotalnumberofelectronsintheionsofsodiumchloride?
A sodiumion=11chlorideion=17
B sodiumion=8chlorideion=8
C sodiumion=11chlorideion=18
D sodiumion=10chlorideion=18
E sodiumion=10chlorideion=17

65 Whichoneofthefollowingiscorrectaboutthefirstandsecondelectronaffinitiesofoxygen?
A first=slightlyexothermicsecond=veryendothermic
B first=slightlyexothermicsecond=veryexothermic
C first=slightlyendothermicsecond=veryexothermic
D first=slightlyendothermicsecond=veryendothermic
E first=veryexothermicsecond=veryexothermic

66 ThepositionsofsomeelementsinthePeriodicTableareshownbelow.

Whichoneofthefollowingpairsofelementsismostlikelytoformacovalentbond?
A magnesiumandbromine
B strontiumandoxygen
C potassiumandchlorine
D calciumandchlorine
E berylliumandiodine

UCLES 2012 Page 22 / 40

67 Considerthefollowingreactions.

C2H5Br+OHC2H5OH+Br

Ba2+(aq)+SO42(aq)BaSO4(s)

Mg(s)+Cu2+(aq)Mg2+(aq)+Cu(s)
WhichoneofthefollowingtypesofreactionisNOTincludedinthislist?
A substitution
B oxidation/reduction
C displacement
D precipitation
E elimination

68 Whichrowsofthetablecorrectlydescribethereactionsoftheaqueousacidswithaminesand
amides?
Amines Amides

Row1 Ethanoicacid reacts doesnotreact

Row2 Nitrousacid reacts reacts

Row3 Sulphuricacid doesnotreact hydrolyses

A Rows2and3
B Rows1and3
C Noneoftherows
D Alloftherows
E Rows1and2

69 WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTthecorrectformulaforalithiumcompound?
A Li2S

B LiCO3
C CH3CO2Li

D LiHSO4
E Li3N

PhysicsandMathematics

UCLES 2012 Page 23 / 40

70 Whatisthesetofvaluesofxforwhich ?

A
B
C
D
E

71 Ablockofironat100oCistransferredtoaplasticcupcontainingwaterat20oC.
WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTnecessaryinordertofindthespecificheatcapacityofiron?
A Thespecificheatcapacityofwater.
B Themassoftheblockofiron.
C Thethermalconductivityoftheiron.
D Thefinaltemperature.
E Themassofwater.

72 Atthemeltingpoint,whichofthefollowingarecorrectaboutparaffinwax?

1. Thesubstancebecomesmoredisordered.
2. Thewaxtakesinheatbutitstemperaturestaysthesame.
3. Bondsbetweenthecarbonandhydrogenatomsarebroken.

A 1,2and3
B 2and3only
C 2only
D 1and3only
E 1and2only

73 Whencooledbelow4.2K,mercurybecomesasuperconductor,whichmeansithasnoelectrical
resistance.Whenacurrentispassedthroughmercuryundertheseconditions,whichofthe
followingeffectswillbepresent?

1. thermal
2. chemical
3. magnetic

A 1and3only
B 1,2and3
C 2only
D 3only
E 1only

UCLES 2012 Page 24 / 40

74 Threeidenticalcapacitorsareconnectedasfollows:

Whichofthefollowingshowstheorderofincreasingcapacitance(smallestfirst)?
A 3,2,1
B 1,3,2
C 2,1,3
D 1,2,3
E 2,3,1

75 WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTavector?
A velocity
B weight
C electriccharge
D electricfield
E acceleration

76 Whichofthefollowingisequivalentto ?

A
B
C
D
E

UCLES 2012 Page 25 / 40

77
Inagroupofstudents,exactly aremaleandexactly studymathematics.Theprobabilitythata
malestudentchosenatrandomfromthegroupstudiesmathematicsisp.
Whichofthefollowingistherangeofpossiblevaluesofp?
A

78 ABCDEisaregularpentagon.ThetransformationRisarotationabouttheoriginandmapsAtoB,
BtoC,CtoD,etc.ThetransformationSisareflectionintheyaxis.

Whichofthefollowingsequencesoftransformations(performedintheorderthattheyarelisted)
wouldNOTleavevertexDinthesameposition?

A RRSRSR
B SR
C SRRSRS
D RSRS
E RSRR

79 ThelineLhasequationy=2x1.
FourofthefollowingfivepointsarethesamedistancefromthelineL.Whichoneisatadifferent
distance?
A (1,1)
B (1,3)
C (4,9)
D (6,9)
E (5,13)

UCLES 2012 Page 26 / 40

80 Amanofmass75kgliesonabedof10000nails.Thetipofeachnailhasanareaof1.0square
millimetre.
Whatpressuredoesthemanexperience?
[g=10N/kg]
A 7.5x106Pa
B 7.5x104Pa
C 7.5x103Pa
D 7.5x107Pa
E 7.5x105Pa

UCLES 2012 Page 27 / 40

UCLES 2012 Page 28 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 29 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 30 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 31 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 32 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 33 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 34 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 35 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 36 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 37 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 38 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 39 / 40
UCLES 2012 Page 40 / 40