nd load

? f , ? F partial factor for actions

? M partial factor for materials
COMPRESSION:
E short-term secant modulus of elasticity of
masonry
f b normalised mean compressive strength of
a masonry unit
f d design compressive strength of masonry
f k characteristic compressive strength of
masonry
f m compressive strength of masonry mortar
f k characteristic compressive strength of
masonry
N design vertical action
N Rd design vertical resistance of a masonry wall
FLEXURE:
f xk1 characteristic ?exural strength of masonry
with plane of failure parallel to bed joints
f xk2 characteristic ?exural strength of masonry
with plane of failure perpendicular to bed
joints
f xd design ?exural strength of masonry
a 1,2 bending moment coef?cients
orthogonal ratio of the ?exural strengths
of masonry
M Ed design value of the applied moment
M Rd design value of moment of resistance
M Ed1 design applied moment with plane of
failure parallel to bed joint
M Ed2 design applied moment with plane of
failure perpendicular to bed joint
M Rd1 design moment of resistance with plane of
failure parallel to bed joint
M Rd2 design moment of resistance with plane of
failure perpendicular to bed joint
10.6 Basis of design
Like BS 5628, EC 6 is a limit state code. The
two principal categories of limit states relevant
to the design of masonry structures are durability
and strength. Design for durability is discussed in
chapter 4 of EC 6 and largely relates to the selec-
tion of masonry units and mortars for particular
structure types and exposure classes. The code
provisions relevant to this aspect of design are dis-
cussed in section 10.8. The design rules dealing
with ultimate limit states are given in chapter 6 of
EC 6. Only those rules relevant to the design of
unreinforced masonry walls subjected to either
mainly vertical or lateral loading are discussed in
this chapter. Generally, in order to assess the effect
of these loading conditions on masonry structures
the designer will need to estimate
(a) the design values of actions
(b) the design strength of materials.
10.7 Actions
Action is the Eurocode terminology for loads and
imposed deformations. Permanent actions, G, are
all the ?xed loads acting on the structure, including
?nishes, immovable partitions and the self-weight
of the structure. Variable actions, Q, include the
imposed, wind and snow loads. Clause 2.3.1(1) of
EC 6 recommends that the values of characteristic
permanent, G k , and variable, Q k , actions should
be obtained from the relevant parts of Eurocode 1:
Actions on structures. Guidance on determining the
design value of actions and combination of actions
is given in EN 1990: Basis of structural design. These
documents and topics are brie?y d