All Cooling Load Rules

Project No.
Input data
Project :
COOLING LOAD RULES OF THUMB

Room Area Btu/SqFt. Total Cooling Load ( TR )
Building Description
Sq Mr. Area SqFt. Min. Max. Min. Max.
School Classrooms 1.00 10.76 43 53 0.04 0.05
Btu/SqFt. Total Cooling Load ( TR )

Building Description No. of Seats
Min. Max. Min. Max.
Auditoriums, Theaters 1 480 720 0.04 0.06
Total Cooling Load ( TR ) CFM / Ton @DT 20 F Total CFM

Building Description
Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.
All Spaces ( CFM ) 0.04 0.05 300 500 15.42 19.01
400 CFM/Ton 20% @ 20F. T
1 Offices, Commercial
A. General: INPUT AREA ( SqFt.) Here>>>
1. Total Heat 300400 Sq.Ft./Ton (Range 230520)
2. Total Heat 3040 Btuh/Sq.Ft. (Range 2352)
3. Room Sens. Heat 2528 (Range 1937)
4. SHR 0.750.93
5. Perimeter Spaces 1.03.0 CFM/Sq.Ft.
6. Interior Spaces 0.51.5 CFM/Sq.Ft.
7. Building Block CFM 1.01.5 CFM/Sq.Ft.
8. Air Change Rate 410 AC/Hr.
B. Large, Perimeter:
1. Total Heat 225275 Sq.Ft./Ton
2. Total Heat 4353
C. Large, Interior:
2. Total Heat 3440
D. Small:
2. Total Heat 3237
2 Banks, Court Houses, Municipal Buildings, Town Halls

A. Total Heat 200250 Sq.Ft./Ton (Range 160340)
B. Total Heat 4860 (Range 3575)
C. Room Sens. Heat 2838 (Range 2148)
D. SHR 0.750.90
E. Air Change Rate 410 AC/Hr.
3 Police Stations, Fire Stations, Post Offices

D. SHR 0.750.90
4 Precision Manufacturing
A. Total Heat 50300 Sq.Ft./Ton
B. Total Heat 40240
C. Room Sens. Heat 32228
D. SHR 0.800.95
5 Computer Rooms
B. Total Heat 80240
D. SHR 0.800.95
E. Air Flow 2.04.0 CFM/Sq.Ft.
F. Air Change Rate 1520 AC/Hr.
6 Restaurants
D. SHR 0.650.80
7 Kitchens (Depends Primarily on Kitchen Equipment)

A. Total Heat 150350 Sq.Ft./Ton (At 85F. Space)
B. Total Heat 3480 (At 85F. Space)
C. Room Sens. Heat 2056 (At 85F. Space)
D. SHR 0.600.70
8 Cocktail Lounges, Bars, Taverns,Clubhouses, Nightclubs

D. SHR 0.650.80
E. Spaces 1.54.0 CFM/Sq.Ft.
Cocktail Lounges,
F. Air Change Rate 1520 AC/Hr. Bars, Taverns,
Clubhouses
G. Air Change Rate 2030 AC/Hr. Night Clubs
9 Hospital Patient Rooms, Nursing Home Patient Rooms
D. SHR 0.750.85
10 Buildings w/100% OA Systems (i.e., Laboratories, Hospitals)

B. Total Heat 40120
11 Medical/Dental Centers, Clinics, and Offices

D. SHR 0.750.85
12 Residential
B. Total Heat 1724
D. SHR 0.800.95
13 Apartments (Eff., 1 Room, 2 Room)

D. SHR 0.800.95
14 Motel and Hotel Public Spaces

D. SHR 0.750.90
15 Motel and Hotel Guest Rooms, Dormitories
D. SHR 0.800.95
16 School Classrooms
D. SHR 0.650.80
17 Dining Halls, Lunch Rooms, Cafeterias, Luncheonettes

D. SHR 0.650.80
E. Spaces 1.54.0 CFM/Sq.Ft.
18 Libraries, Museums
D. SHR 0.800.90
19 Retail, Department Stores

D. SHR 0.650.90
20 Drug, Shoe, Dress, Jewelry, Beauty, Barber, and Other Shops
D. SHR 0.650.90
21 Supermarkets
D. SHR 0.650.85
22 Malls, Shopping Centers

D. SHR 0.650.85
23 Jails
D. SHR 0.800.95
24 Auditoriums, Theaters INPUT SEAT NO. HERE >>>>>

A. Total Heat 0.050.07 Tons/Seat
B. Total Heat 600840 Btuh/Seat
C. Room Sens. Heat 325385 Btuh/Seat
D. SHR 0.650.75
E. Air Flow 1530 CFM/Seat
25 Churches
A. Total Heat 0.040.06 Tons/Seat
B. Total Heat 480720 Btuh/Seat
C. Room Sens. Heat 260330 Btuh/Seat
D. SHR 0.650.75
E. Air Flow 1530 CFM/Seat
26 Bowling Alleys
A. Total Heat 1.52.5 Tons/Alley
B. Total Heat 18,00030,000 Btuh/Alley
C. Air Change Rate 1015 AC/Hr.
27 All Spaces ( CFM ) INPUT AREA ( SqFt.) Here>>>

A. Total Heat 300500 CFM/Ton @ 20F. T
B. Total Heat 400 CFM/Ton 20% @ 20F. T
C. Perimeter Spaces 1.03.0 CFM/Sq.Ft.
D. Interior Spaces 0.51.5 CFM/Sq.Ft.
E. Building Block CFM 1.01.5 CFM/Sq.Ft.
F. Air Change Rate 4 AC/Hr. Minimum
**Total heat includes ventilation. Room sensible heat does
not include ventilation.
FUNCTIONAL SERVICES Btuh/Sq.Ft.
FLOOR FUNCTION ACCOMODATION PROVIDED ACCOMODATION REQUIRED AREA TOTAL (SQM) TOTAL (SQ FT)
SQM min max min TR max.TR
BASEMENT
B BASEMENT 1 PRKG 45 CARS UNDER TOWER ONLY 1,408 15,150
SUBTOTAL 1,408 15,150
TOWER
G OPEN LOBBY 768 128 896

1 BOOK SHOP 1 BOOK SHOP 9,641 30 40 24.10 32.14
1 STUDENT CENTER CAF FOR 140 PPL CAF FOR 100 CAPACITY 500 128 628 6,757 30 40 16.89 22.52
2 LIBRARY 768 128 896 9,641 34 48 27.32 27.03
4 CLASSROOMS 10,502 43 53 37.63 46.38
3 CLASS ROOMS 8 CLASSROOMS 848 128 976
4 TRAINING ROOMS
4 CLASSROOMS 10,502 43 53 37.63 46.38
4 CLASS ROOMS 8 TRAINING ROOMS 848 128 976
4 TRAINING ROOMS
25 FACULTY OFFICES
16 FACULTY OFFICES
75 WORKSTATIONS
10 FACULTY OFFICES
116 WORKSTATIONS
5 ALL FACULTY 10 WORK STATIONS 768 128 896 9641 30 40 24.10 32.14
2 BOARDROOMS FOR 20 PPL
8 CEE FACULTY OFFICES EACH
DIRECTOR'S OFFICE, PA'S OFFICE

DIRECTOR'S OFFICE & WAITING AREA
4 CLASSROOMS FOR 30 4 CLASSROOMS OF 30 STUDENTS

STUDENTS EACH EACH 9,124 43 53 32.69 40.30 246.89
6 CEE CLASSROOMS 720 128 848
8 BREAK UP ROOMS 5 BREAK UP ROOMS
LIBRARY FOR 35 PPL LIBRARY FOR 50 PPL
7 DINING / LOUNGE DINING/ CAF FOR 76 PPL DINING/ CAF FOR 100 PPL 592 128 720 7747 48 120 30.99 77.47
LOUNGE LOUNGE
8 CEE RESIDENTIAL 1 40 EXECUTIVE ROOMS WITH 768 128 896 9,641 17 24 13.66 19.28
32 EXECUTIVE ROOMS WITH BATH BATH
9 CEE RESIDENTIAL 2 512 128 640 6,886 17 24 13.66 19.28
60 WORK STATIONS 60 WORKSTATIONS
6 SENIOR MANAGER OFFICES 6 SENIOR MANAGER OFFICES

10 IT DIRECTOR'S OFFICE, PA'S OFFICE DIRECTOR'S OFFICE, PA'S OFFICE 512 128 640
& WAITING AREA & WAITING AREA 6886 30 240 17.22 137.72
1 CONFERENCE/TRAINING 2 CONFERENCE/TRAINING
ROOMS FOR 20 PPL ROOMS FOR 20 PPL btuh / seat
2 SEMINAR HALLS FOR 100 PPL 2 SEMINAR HALLS FOR 100 PPL
11 SEMINAR HALL EACH EACH 647 128 775 8,339 600 840 10.00 14.00 0.05 0.07
ROOF MECHANICAL FL CHILLERS, GENSETS, COOLING TOWERS AND ELECTRICAL ROOM 256 128 384 4,132
sub total min TR max.TR ton/Sqm ton/Sqm

SUBTOTAL 10,171 109,440 285.89 514.64 0.03 0.05
AUDITORIUM
B AUDITORIUM 400 SEATS 1,040 192 1,232 13,256 btuh / seat min TR max.TR ton/Seat ton/Seat
SUBTOTAL 1,232 13,256 600 840 20.00 28.00 0.05 0.07
GRAND TOTAL 12,811 137,846
total sqm total sqf min TR max.TR min.TR/sqmmax. TR/sqm

Estimated total Cooling TR 11403.00 122,696 306 543 0.027 0.048
10% plus 11403.00 122,696 336 597 0.030 0.052
4/3 x total load 11403.00 122,696 408 724 0.036 0.063
total sqm min TR max.TR min.TR/sqmmax. TR/sqm

11403.00 543 724 0.048 0.063
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CLASS NOTES
DESIGN COOLING LOAD -- Part One
External Loads
External cooling loads consist of the following:
sensible loads through opaque envelope assemblies (roofs, walls, floors);

sensible loads--both radiant and convective--through transparent or translucent envelope assemblies (skylights, window
sensible loads caused by the leakage of outdoor air through the building envelope (called infiltration);
latent loads through opaque envelope assemblies; and
latent loads from infiltration.
Because of the inherent differences in these types of heat flows, they are calculated (estimated) using six different equatio
(1) qS = (U)(A)(CLTD) is used for sensible loads from opaque elements located above ground;
(2) qS = (A)(SHGC)(SHGF)(CLF) is used for radiant sensible loads from transparent/translucent elements;
(3) qS = (U)(A)(CLTD) is used for convective sensible loads from transparent/translucent elements;
(4) qS = (CFM)(1.1)(delta t) is used for sensible loads due to infiltration;
(5) W = (M)(A)(delta p) is used for latent loads through elements above ground;
(6) qL = (CFM)(4840)(delta W) is used for latent loads due to infiltration
These equations are commonly used by engineers to calculate cooling loads and size systems based upon decisions made e
Internal Loads
Internal cooling loads consist of the following:
sensible loads due to lighting;

sensible loads due to occupants;
latent loads due to occupants;
sensible loads due to equipment and appliances; and
latent loads due to equipment and appliances.
Because of the inherent differences in these types of heat flows, they are calculated (estimated) using five different equatio
(1) qS = (Installed Lamp Watts)(3.41)(Usage Factor)(Ballast Factor)(CLF) is used for sensible loads from lighting systems;
(2) qS = (No. of People)(BtuhS/person)(CLF) is used for sensible loads from occupants;
(3) qL = (No. of People)(BtuhL/person) is used for latent loads from occupants;
(4) qS = (Installed Watts)(3.41)(Usage Factor)(CLF) is used for sensible loads from equipment;
(5) qL = (Tabulated Latent Output)(Usage Factor)
DESIGN COOLING LOAD -- Part Two
This part of the material on design cooling load presents information on the components of design cooling load and how th
External Loads
Opaque assemblies (walls, roofs, doors) located above ground
Variable: qs = U A
Units: Btuh Btuh / ft sq / deg F ft sq

overall coefficient of surface area of
Description: sensible heat flow heat transfer element
would like to a measure of the ease
minimize with which sensible
heat is transferred
this variable through through an envelope
Discussion: design intent assembly function of
building form; a
sq ft facing north
affects system size maximum values often is not the same
and energy set by energy efficiency as a sq ft facing
Implications: consumption codes or standards west
calculated from calculated from

imposes first- and information shown in plans and
Notes: life-cycle costs building drawings elevations
Convective transfer through transparent/translucent assemblies (glazing in windows, doors, skylights):

Variable: qs = U A
a measure of the ease
Units: Btuh Btuh
with / ft sq sensible
which / deg F ft sq
overall coefficient of surface area of
Description: sensible heat flow heat
heat is transferred
transfer element
through
includes aeffects
glazingof both
would like to assembly
the glass or plastic
minimize this Aview@ material and the
variable through frame materials and includes area of
Discussion: affects system size
design decisions maximum
constructionvalues often frame
and energy obtained fromefficiency
set by energy function of
Implications: consumption manufacturers=
codes or standardsdata as calculated from
building design
imposes first- and determined by plans and
Notes: life-cycle costs specification of product elevations
Radiative transfer through transparent/translucent assemblies (glazing in windows, doors, skylights)
a measure of the
Variable: qs = SC or SHGC
shading effective-ness A
of a glazing
shading productor
coefficient and
Units: Btuh
would like to dimensionless
any interior and/or ft sq
solar heat gain surface area of
Description: minimize this flow
sensible heat exterior
is theshading
coefficient
SC traditional element
variable through devices (such
value used foras
this
design decisions overhangs or
an intent to provide measure; SHGC drapes)
is a
solar heating will newer value that is
require summer / measured in a
Discussion: affects system size
winter coordination maximum
laboratory values often
and energy set by energy efficiency function of
Implications: consumption codes or standards calculated from
building design
imposes first- and found by calculation or plans and
Notes: life-cycle costs from testing lab reports elevations
Sensible loads resulting from infiltration or ventilation air flows:
Variable: qs = Q (cfm) 1.1
(60) (Btuh) /
Units: Btuh cu ft / min (cu ft) (deg F)

conversion factor
Description: sensible heat flow infiltration is

rate of air flow (a constant)
would like to unintended air flow
minimize this (leakage)
variable through ventilation is intended
design decisions air flow (usually ducted
Discussion: and/or details in active systems)
minimum values often
set by building codes or
air quality standards
affects system size infiltration may be
and energy typically affects indoor not a design
Implications: consumption estimated
air quality by the Aair issue
change method@ or the
Acrack method@
ventilation rate is an conversion factor
imposes first- and established design applies only to IP
Notes: life-cycle costs criterion unit calculations
Moisture transfer through assemblies located above ground:
Variable: W= M A
grains / (hr) (ft sq) (inch

Units: grains
would per hour of mercury)of the ease ft sq
mass oflike to vapor
water a measure surface area of
minimize
Description: flow this with which water vapor
permeance element
variable
mass canthrough
be is transferred through
design decisions
converted to heat an assembly
energy equivalent by effect is Aequivalent@ to
use of a conversion usually only vaguely
that of U-value in
Discussion: affects
factor system size discussed in energy
sensible heat flow
and energy efficiency codes or function of
Implications: consumption calculated
standards in a manner building design
imposes first- and similar to that used for
life-cycle
can causecosts
comfort U-values
and IAQ problems if preferred term for
not properly components is Avapor
considered in design retarders@
most glazing materials calculated from
are impervious (have a plans and
Notes: very low AM@) elevations
Latent loads resulting from infiltration or ventilation air flows:
Variable: qL = Q (cfm) 4840
(60) (Btuh) /
(cu ft) (pound

Units: Btuh cu ft / min H2O)
conversion factor
Description: latent heat flow rate of air flow (a constant)

infiltration is
would like to unintended air flow
minimize this (leakage)
variable through ventilation is intended
design decisions air flow (usually ducted
Discussion: and/or details minimum values often
in active systems)
set by building codes or
air quality standards
affects system size infiltration may be
and energy typically affects indoor not a design
Implications: consumption estimated
air quality by the Aair issue
imposes first- and change method@ or the
life-cycle
can causecosts
comfort Acrack method@
and IAQ problems if ventilation rate is an conversion factor
not properly established design applies only to IP
Notes: considered in design criterion unit calculations
Internal Loads
Sensible loads from lighting systems:
Variable: qs = Installed Lamp Watts 3.41

usually estimated
connected in
electrical
Units: Btuh
would like to Watts
schematic design and Btuh / Watt
load for all lamps in conver-sion
Description: minimize this flow
sensible heat obtained
building from electrical factor
variable through plans in later design
Discussion: design decisions phases
usually a large part lighting budget values

of the total load in are often set by energy
non-residential efficiency codes or
buildings standards
use of daylighting will

affected by lighting reduce this value (if
Implications: system selection properly done)
imposes first- and
Notes: life-cycle costs
Sensible loads from occupants:
Variable: qs = Number of People Sensible Load per

Person
Units: Btuh integer number Btuh
sensible heat
Description: sensible heat flow occupant loading discharge
a result of the
abody=s
function of for
search
a function of building occupant
thermal activity
Discussion: a function of design, program and design level and
equilibrium
but not controllable age/gender mix
Implications: often a substantial
via design calculated from empirical values;
of occupants
load in assembly information shown in found in
Notes: occupancies building drawings reference tables
Latent loads from occupants:
Variable: qL = Number of People Latent Load per

Person
Units: Btuh integer number Btuh
alatent
resultheat
of the
abody=s
function of for
search
Description: latent heat flow occupant loading discharge
occupant activity
a function of building thermal
Discussion: a function of design, program and design level and
equilibrium
but not controllable age/gender mix
Implications: often a substantial
via design calculated from empirical
of occupantsvalues;
load in assembly information shown in found in
Notes: occupancies building drawings reference tables
NOTE: there is no CLF (cooling load factor) applied to this load; the latent (moisture) load from occupa
Sensible loads from equipment and appliances:
qs = connected
Installed
even with electrical
Wattage
efficiency 3.41
Variable: load (or its thermal
improvements,
usually estimated the
Units: Btuh function equivalent)
Watts for all in
although
would likea to magnitude
schematic
equipment
of
design
and and Btuh / Watt
of the building equipment loads seems
Description: minimize
sensible
program,
this flow
heat
some
obtained
appliances
to
from
in plans
asbuilding conversion factor
variable through andincrease
equipment more
dataand
in
Discussion: control of these
design decisions more electronic
later design phases
loads is possible equipment is used in all
Implications: through design types of buildings
imposes first- and
Notes: life-cycle costs
Latent loads from equipment and appliances:

accounts for any
equipment that is
Variable: qL = Latent Output Usage Factor
installed but
usually
heat estimated
equivalent ofin would not be
Units: Btuh
would like to Btuh
schematic design and dimensionless
operated under
moisture output from an adjustment
Description: minimize
latent heatthis
flow obtained
equipment from plans the conditions
factor
variable through and equipment data in assumed for load
Discussion: design decisions later design phases calculations
although a function moisture
of the building dissipation that is
program, some removed from a
control of these building by
loads is possible some information exhaust devices
Implications: through design available in generic estimated from
(vents, hoods)
imposes first- and tables; usually obtained design intent and
Notes: life-cycle costs from product data equipment data
NOTE: there is no CLF (cooling load factor) applied to this load; the latent (moisture) load from equipment and
lope assemblies (skylights, windows, glazed openings),
alled infiltration);
timated) using six different equations:
slucent elements;
nt elements;
stems based upon decisions made entirely by architects. Although a building designer should have some awareness of the basic metho
timated) using five different equations:

sible loads from lighting systems;
ts of design cooling load and how they are affected by design decisions.
CLTD
a Ahypothetical@ temperature difference
that would result in the same heat flow
deg F a shaded element under static
through
conditions as seen in the Areal@ case
cooling
(with loadradiation
solar temperature difference
and heat storage);
includes effects of indoor and outdoor
air temperatures, daily temperature
range, solar radiation, heat storage in
assembly, and radiation storage in
building mass (minor)
affected by orientation, tilt, month, day,

hour, latitude, exterior solar
absorbtance, and assembly construction
(mass)
empirical values; found in reference

tables; values are not necessarily
intuitive, but are logical
windows, doors, skylights):

CLTD
adeg
Ahypothetical@
F temperature difference
that would result in the same heat flow
through a shaded
cooling load elementdifference
temperature under static
conditions as seen in the Areal@ case;
includes effects of indoor and outdoor
air tempera-tures, daily temperature
range, and heat storage in assembly
(minor)
affected by month, day, hour, and
empirical
assembly values; found(mass)
construction in reference
tables; CLTD for glazing is approximately
equal to delta t
ndows, doors, skylights)
SHGF an
CLFAadjustment@
factor that
Btuh / ft sq accounts for the
dimensionless
CLF is affected
percentage
cooling loadof by
solar heat gain factor the weight
radiant
factor of
energy
interior
the maximum clear-day solar radiation that is stored in
expected to strike the glazing on the elements;
the building=smay
month, day, and hour selected for be
interior massorand
less than
cooling load calculations; is affected by greater
empirical
thanat1.0
furnishings the
values;
latitude, tilt, and orientation (indicating
time of analysis
affected by orientation, tilt, month, day, found
storageinor
hour, and latitude, reference
discharge)tables;
useful as a design
statistical data; available in tables tool
delta t
deg F
temperature difference between indoor

and outdoor air
this type of load is instantaneous C
there is no capacitive effect from
building mass
delta p
inch of mercury
difference in vapor pressure between
indoor and outdoor air
a function of the interior and exterior
climate conditions
during cooling season, the exterior
vapor pressure is usually higher than the
interior vapor pressure
found from psychrometric chart (one

that shows vapor pressures)
delta W
pounds H2O / pound dry air
difference in absolute humidity between

indoor and outdoor air
this type of load is instantaneous C
there is no capacitive effect from
building mass
found from standard psychrometric

chart
an Aadjustment@
accounts for the factor that
Usage Factor Ballast Factor
electrical load CLF
accounts for the
imposed by percentage of
dimension-less dimension-less dimensionless
radiant
ballasts required
an adjustment cooling energy
load
accounts for any lamps
an adjustment factor that are installed for gaseous
factor that
factoris stored in
but would not be operated under discharge lamp the building=s
conditions assumed for load calculations operation interior mass
CLF is affected
by the weight of
interior
electronic elements and
ballasts have also by the
reduced this arrangement of
factor from the lighting fixtures
1.25 value with respect to
typically used for empirical
a space and its
magnetic ballasts values;
air flowfound in
patterns
obtained from ASHRAE
function of design intent product data reference tables
CLF
dimensionless
cooling load factor
an Aadjustment@ factor that accounts for
the percentage of radiant energy that is
stored in the building=s interior mass
affected by time selected for load
and furnishings
calculation relative to daily occupancy
empirical
patterns values; found in reference
tables; values are not necessarily
intuitive, but are logical
ent (moisture) load from occupants is assumed to not be affected by storage of water vapor in the building mass or furnishin
an Aadjustment@
factor that
Usage Factor CLF
accounts for the
CLF is affected
percentage of by
dimensionless
accounts for any equipment that is dimensionless
the weight of
radiant energy
usage factor
installed may also
but factor
would notbebeused to
operated interior elements
that is stored in
cooling
account load
for the portion (if any) of load and the
under the conditions assumed for the building=s
equipment
calculations heat dissipation that is percentage
interior massof
removed from a building by exhaust equipment load
devices (vents, hoods) empirical values;
that is radiant
found in ASHRAE
function of design intent reference tables
oisture) load from equipment and appliances is assumed to not be affected by storage of water vapor in the building mass or furnishin
areness of the basic methods used to size key building systems, that is not the primary reason for introducing this information. The ma
building mass or furnishings; the load is assumed to be instantaneous.
e building mass or furnishings; the load is assumed to be instantaneous.
oducing this information. The main reason an architect should be aware of these equations is because they define all the possible deci
se they define all the possible decisions that will influence the energy consumption and comfort potential of a completed facility that ca
ntial of a completed facility that can (or unintentionally will) be made during the design of the building envelope. The majority of these
g envelope. The majority of these decisions are made--either explicitly or by default--during the architectural design process. In effect,
itectural design process. In effect, engineers use these equations to figure out how much taxes are owed after the fact; architects can u
wed after the fact; architects can use them to reduce their taxes before it is too late.

All Cooling Load Rules

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Project No.

COOLING LOAD RULES OF THUMB

Btu/SqFt. Total Cooling Load ( TR )

Total Cooling Load ( TR ) CFM / Ton @DT 20 F Total CFM

2 Banks, Court Houses, Municipal Buildings, Town Halls

3 Police Stations, Fire Stations, Post Offices

7 Kitchens (Depends Primarily on Kitchen Equipment)

8 Cocktail Lounges, Bars, Taverns,Clubhouses, Nightclubs

10 Buildings w/100% OA Systems (i.e., Laboratories, Hospitals)

11 Medical/Dental Centers, Clinics, and Offices

13 Apartments (Eff., 1 Room, 2 Room)

14 Motel and Hotel Public Spaces

17 Dining Halls, Lunch Rooms, Cafeterias, Luncheonettes

19 Retail, Department Stores

22 Malls, Shopping Centers

24 Auditoriums, Theaters INPUT SEAT NO. HERE >>>>>

27 All Spaces ( CFM ) INPUT AREA ( SqFt.) Here>>>

G OPEN LOBBY 768 128 896

DIRECTOR'S OFFICE, PA'S OFFICE

4 CLASSROOMS FOR 30 4 CLASSROOMS OF 30 STUDENTS

6 SENIOR MANAGER OFFICES 6 SENIOR MANAGER OFFICES

sub total min TR max.TR ton/Sqm ton/Sqm

GRAND TOTAL 12,811 137,846

total sqm total sqf min TR max.TR min.TR/sqmmax. TR/sqm

10% plus 11403.00 122,696 336 597 0.030 0.052

4/3 x total load 11403.00 122,696 408 724 0.036 0.063

total sqm min TR max.TR min.TR/sqmmax. TR/sqm

DESIGN COOLING LOAD -- Part One

External cooling loads consist of the following:

sensible loads through opaque envelope assemblies (roofs, walls, floors);

(4) qS = (CFM)(1.1)(delta t) is used for sensible loads due to infiltration;

(6) qL = (CFM)(4840)(delta W) is used for latent loads due to infiltration

Internal cooling loads consist of the following:

sensible loads due to lighting;

(2) qS = (No. of People)(BtuhS/person)(CLF) is used for sensible loads from occupants;

(3) qL = (No. of People)(BtuhL/person) is used for latent loads from occupants;

(5) qL = (Tabulated Latent Output)(Usage Factor)

DESIGN COOLING LOAD -- Part Two

Opaque assemblies (walls, roofs, doors) located above ground

Units: Btuh Btuh / ft sq / deg F ft sq

calculated from calculated from

Convective transfer through transparent/translucent assemblies (glazing in windows, doors, skylights):

Radiative transfer through transparent/translucent assemblies (glazing in windows, doors, skylights)

Sensible loads resulting from infiltration or ventilation air flows:

Variable: qs = Q (cfm) 1.1

Units: Btuh cu ft / min (cu ft) (deg F)

Description: sensible heat flow infiltration is

Moisture transfer through assemblies located above ground:

grains / (hr) (ft sq) (inch

Latent loads resulting from infiltration or ventilation air flows:

Variable: qL = Q (cfm) 4840

(cu ft) (pound

Description: latent heat flow rate of air flow (a constant)

Sensible loads from lighting systems:

Variable: qs = Installed Lamp Watts 3.41

usually a large part lighting budget values

use of daylighting will

Sensible loads from occupants:

Variable: qs = Number of People Sensible Load per

Latent loads from occupants:

Variable: qL = Number of People Latent Load per

Sensible loads from equipment and appliances:

Latent loads from equipment and appliances:

timated) using six different equations: