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PASSENGER TERMINAL
FACILITY DESIGN GUIDE
AMC Passenger Terminal
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Description Page
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The siting of the Passenger Terminal is Compliance with all applicable building
important. Terminals require access to codes is mandatory. Life safety codes
the flight line, but do not need to be and force protection requirements take
located on the flight line. Where local priority over other requirements. All
conditions permit, locate Passenger areas should be barrier free and
Terminals on the flight line, preferably accessible in accordance with the
near the center of the apron where the Americans with Disabilities Act
aircraft are parked. This will minimize Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings
travel time to and from aircraft. and Facilities (ADAAG) and Uniform
Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS).
The site must be large enough to When there is a conflict, use the more
accommodate the terminal's functions stringent policy.
and allow reasonable access to all
functional areas. Whenever possible, Prepare a Comprehensive Interior
allocate space for possible expansion of Design (CID) package for the terminal in
the terminal and adaptation to future conjunction with any major design
base mission reassignment or additional project. The CID package addresses
aircraft capacity. Other variables to interior finishes, artwork, signs,
consider in site selection are physical furnishings, and accessories. It ensures
security requirements, local weather that even minor upgrade projects meet
conditions, results of soil analysis, and the design objectives for the entire
utility availability. terminal. Refer to the AMC Interior
Design Guide for an expanded general
When planning a new facility, propose a discussion of interior design.
site prior to completing DD Form 1391.
Requirements identified during the DD A well-coordinated design will integrate
Form 1391 phase may influence final architecture, engineering, interior design
site selection. and infrastructure throughout the design
process. Analyze an existing terminal's
4. Design structural, mechanical, electrical, and
The design process includes concept communications systems prior to
development, design reviews, and the planning the renovation project. Refer
development of construction documents. to Department of Defense and Air Force
For a successful project, it is important standards and technical orders, industrial
that civil engineering and user groups standards, and aircraft manufacturers'
actively communicate throughout the recommendations for maintenance
design process. A high-quality design requirements. Include interior finish
will maximize effective use of available work concurrently with infrastructure
space and efficiently provide for improvements.
Passenger Terminal functions.
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Category Design Peak 3-Hour Minimum Gross Area Minimum Gross Area
Passenger Load m sf m sf
IA Under 100 372 4,000 650 7,000
IB 101 to 250 651 7,001 1,860 20,000
II 251 to 500 1,861 20,001 4,370 47,000
III 501 to 1000 4,371 47,001 7,430 80,000
IV 1001 to 2000 7,431 80,001 14,001 152,000
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5. Physical Security /
Anti-terrorism Counter
Measures
The cornerstone of this guidance is
sterile terminals at all times, including
air terminals operating under AMC
guidelines, via 100 percent screening /
anti-hijack inspection of all personnel
and their belongings.
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2. Parking Facilities
The following are typical criteria for
parking design. For additional guidance
on security measures, reference AFMAN
32-1071 Security Engineering, AMCI
24-101, Volume 24, Passenger Terminal
Force Protection and UFC 4-010-02,
DoD Anti-terrorism Standards for
Buildings.
Eliminate all public parking inside the Bollards can prevent vehicular access
antiterrorism standoff zone. Passenger while allowing pedestrians to enter
Terminal Force Protection & UFC 4-01- restricted areas.
010-02.
Locate public / unrestricted-parking Design the entry drive to avoid long,
areas at least 82 feet from the terminal. straight sections of roadway from the
A parking area with controlled access is access road to the pick-up / drop zone.
allowable on the flight line side of the
terminal. Limit the number of these Flank the entry drive with landscaping
spaces for reserved parking such as and plants that will deter attack over
squadron / wing commander. lawn areas.
Do not allow parking beneath the
terminal. 4. Ground Transportation
Ensure that spaces are provided for the Pick-Up / Drop Zone
handicapped as required by the Provide a ground transportation pick-up
ADAAG. Use signs to indicate reserved / drop off zone at a minimum of 82 feet
spaces for the Officer-in-Charge, from the terminal. Control vehicle
Distinguished Visitors (DV), access and speed in this zone.
handicapped, and employees, and short-
term and long-term parking areas. If space allows, provide a secondary
ground transportation pick-up / drop
3. Entry Drive zone for busses and similar vehicles.
Provide a distinct entry drive to the Locate this zone in the parking area, a
Passenger Terminal. Ensure that the minimum of 82 feet from the Passenger
intersection with the access road is Terminal.
designed to permit easy turning of large
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Closed circuit television (CCTV) also serve as a visual inspection area for
surveillance cameras and a public large vehicles.
address system for flight and security
announcements will be within the 82 feet Separate the restricted service area from
stand off area. The CCTV monitors will the public side of the terminal both
be in a permanently staffed area. physically and visually. Use fencing or
walls for the physical separation and
landscaping or plants for visual
separation.
7. Exit Drive
Vehicles leaving the Passenger Terminal
will use the exit drive to return to the
access road. Use curvilinear design to
Screen restricted areas from public avoid straight sections of roadway and
view. reduce vehicle speeds. Equip the exit
drive with vehicle exclusion barriers
5. Vehicle Exclusion Barriers including height restriction bars and
Exclusion barriers may be required to removable bollards. Post "Exit Only"
deter terrorists from attacking the and directional signs to maintain one-
Passenger Terminal. Use raised barriers, way vehicle flow through the Passenger
planters and/or walls, to prevent a Terminal complex.
vehicle from leaving designated areas
(roads, parking lots) and driving too D. Site Utilities
close to the terminal. Bollards Provide water, sanitary sewer and storm
effectively allow pedestrian access while systems, plus a natural gas, steam
precluding vehicle access. Use service, or fuel oil system (whichever is
professional looking, commercially used locally) in accordance with design
manufactured bollards, do not use criteria in MIL-HDBK-1190 Facility
expedient bollards such as steel pipes. Planning and Design Guide.
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2. Central Lobby
The central lobby is the heart of the
Security Screening Area terminal and provides a limited waiting
area for passengers.
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(PSC). These passengers will come to Check-in agents process and transfer the
the PSC for "Space A" roll call to be baggage to the Baggage Build-Up area.
selected for their flight. They then Passengers then proceed to the gate area
proceed to the check-in counter to turn when time for boarding. Personnel
in their baggage, receive their boarding leaving the secured terminal area will be
passes and pay for meals (if applicable). required to re-enter through security.
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Play Room /Area - furnish with games Type IV terminals for example, can be
and toys suitable for small children, and divided into two areas, providing the
finish with sound-absorbent materials. opportunity to separate groups or allow
multiple uses of the space. Allow for
Interior Play Equipment Room - Local separate restrooms.
need and available space should
determine the size of the play Provide communications lines, cable TV
equipment. Locate this room to be access, and plenty of electrical outlets.
visible from the passenger lounge. Provide for variable light sources.
Enclose the play equipment with clear
tempered glass panels to reduce the In Type 1A terminals, the Special
noise. The interior play equipment room Category Lounge requires only one
is the preferred option over an exterior room with a private restroom.
playground.
Finish and furnish the Special Category
Lounge with higher-grade items than the
rest of the terminal.
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access area in front of the baggage Use lines on the floor or overhead signs
conveyors. to indicate the point beyond which
passengers should not proceed until an
Floor material should be durable and agent is available.
appropriate for heavy luggage traffic.
Wall covering should include sound- Furnish the bag examination counter
absorbing material due to the increase in with a stainless steel top. The Customs
noise when the area is occupied. counter's profile and material must
match or be compatible with the
Passenger Service Center. Floor, wall,
and ceiling materials can be an extension
of the Baggage Claim area. (Reference
Chapter 6, Architectural Character &
Interior Standards).
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Consider providing a sheltered area at Locate small vending machine area near
the exit and roadway. Provide waiting areas and or common service
accommodations for greeters and those functions.
waiting for ground transportation
outside. Base Exchange Annex - A Base
Exchange annex may be incorporated
into medium and large Passenger
Terminals. Small sundry items and
snacks are usually available here.
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Break Room
Based on local requirements.
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2. Restrooms
Place restrooms at appropriate locations
throughout the Passenger Terminal.
Restrooms are usually located adjacent
to the Central Lobby and Food Service
areas, near Baggage Claim and Customs,
and immediately adjacent to passenger
seating areas. Each will comply with
local building and plumbing codes and
provisions of the ADAAG.
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Provide oversized doors in the service (EMCS), and provide a night setback
areas to facilitate movement of baggage system for the HVAC system.
transport vehicles or pallets to and from Provide temperature sensors with remote
aircraft. adjustment or tamper proof thermostats.
Provide zone controls for maintaining
5. Windows different environmental conditions in all
Balance the aesthetic qualities of the function areas and for operating systems
building with the need for security and in parts of the terminal when other areas
force protection during periods of are closed.
increased FPCONs. Limit the size of
windows both on the public and service
sides of the terminal to an area of not
more than 15% of the total wall area.
See chapter 7, Physical Security / Anti-
terrorism Criteria, for additional
information on windows.
B. Mechanical Systems
1. Heating, Ventilation, and Air
Conditioning
Provide heating, ventilation,
humidification, and air conditioning Incorporate vents into the exterior
systems to maintain criteria specified appearance and elevate to required
below and to conform to design and heights for force protection purposes
control requirements established in MIL-
HDBK-1190. Provide an outside air rate Perform a life cycle cost analysis of
of 0.25 cfm/sf and a minimum available energy sources according to
ventilation rate of 1.0 cfm/sf. Provide the procedure described in National
mechanical exhausts for the restrooms. Bureau of Standards Handbook 135, Life
Design new facilities to ensure that the Cycle Cost Manual for Federal Energy
building's total energy budget figures. Management. Use published
Department of Energy rates for uniform
Design and construct the HVAC system present worth factors and fuel escalation
for easy maintenance, operation, and rates.
energy efficiency. Evaluate both active
and passive solar space heating systems. 2. Plumbing
Consider passive solar heating and Provide domestic hot and cold water,
daylighting only if the passive solar sanitary and storm drainage, plus
assessment for the particular base results propane or natural gas systems if
in a savings investment ratio greater than required, in accordance with
one. Criteria for solar assessment and requirements established in MIL-
systems analysis are in MIL-HDBK- HDBK-1190. Provide metering for gas
1190. service; consider providing water
metering where conservation measures
Connect mechanical systems to the base are in effect.
Energy Monitoring and Control System
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9. Miscellaneous
Paint all exposed fire bells, electrical
boxes, and other protrusions to match
the adjacent walls. Coordinate light
switches, receptacles, and their covers
with the walls in which they are located.
When providing color contrast to
comply with ADAAG requirements for
safe way finding, use colors that
coordinate with the overall scheme.
US Customs Counter
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Figure 6.3
Customs Counter Design
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Figure 6.4
Customs Counter Design
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Figure 6.5
Passenger Service Center Design
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Figure 6.6
Flight Check-In counter design
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MIL-HDBK 1008 Fire Protection for Facilities Engineering, Design and Construction
C. Other Publications
ANSI A58-1 Building Code Requirements for Minimum Design Loads for
Buildings and Other Structures
ANSI A117.1 Buildings and Facilities Accessible to and Usable by the Physically
Handicapped
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