Project Proposal Report

Subject: Digital Logic Design

Submitted by: Saad Khalil & Sarmad Tariq

REG #: FA16-BCE-043 -- FA16-BCE-004

Class: BCE - 2A

Project Title: Traffic Light Signal Controller

Submission Date: 03 07 2017

 Traffic Light Signal Controller

Introduction
Traffic Lights are used to control the vehicular traffic. In the modern era, everyone has different
types of vehicles resulting in rise to the numbers of vehicles. Thats why traffic lights are
mandatory to avoid the traffic jams and accidents. There are three lights in the traffic signal,
having different message for the drivers. Red light (upper one) asks the driver to yield at the
intersection, green light (last one) gives the driver free license to drive through the intersection
whereas the yellow light (middle one) alerts the driver to wait if the next light is red one or get
ready to go / turn the engine ON if the green light is next.
Traffic light has proved to be an amazing way to stop the vehicular collisions and control the
traffic jams in todays modern era where everyone owns the different types of vehicles.

Project Proposal:
As we all know, the name of the project is Traffic Light Control. The fundamental idea of this
simple electronic project is to control the traffic. It can be used to avoid the vehicular collisions
and traffic jams. This project is just a one-way traffic controller, although it can be further
modified as well. Project will work in a way, it provides the instruction to the driver whether to
drive through the intersection or yield at the intersection.
Control Lights indication:
There are three control lights or signals, which will provide the instruction to the driver.
RED light instructs the driver to STOP at the intersection.
YELLOW light instructs the driver to WAIT (If red light is next) or GET READY (if green light is next)
GREEN light instructs the driver to GO through the intersection.

Components Requirements:
There are quite a few components, which we will be using to make our Traffic Light Control
System. Following is the list of the components.

9V Battery (Input Battery)

100K, 22K and 330 ohm resistors
1F, 10F and 2.2mF capacitors
Six 1N4148 (Zener) diodes
555 timer IC (As a pulse generator)
4017 IC counter (Main IC of the circuit)
100k Potentiometer/Variable Resistor (Controls the timing of pulse generated by 555 timer)
Red, yellow and green LEDs. (Output)

Circuit Diagram (Schematic):

Working Principle:
This traffic light is made with the help of counter IC, which is mainly used for Sequential Circuits.
We can also call it as Sequential Traffic Lights. Sequential Circuits are used to count the numbers
in the series.
Coming to the working principle of Traffic Lights, the main IC is 4017 counter IC which is used to
glow the Red, yellow and green LED respectively. 555 timer acts as a pulse generator providing
an input to the 4017 counter IC. Timing of glow of certain lights totally depends upon the
555 timers pulse, which we can control via the Potentiometer so if you want to change the time
of glow, you can do so by varying the potentiometer, having the responsibility for the timing.
LEDs are not connected directly with 4017 counter, as the lights wont be stable. We have used
the combination of 1N4148 diodes and the LEDs in-order to get the appropriate output. Main
drawback of this circuit is that you can never have an exact timing with this, however you will
have best estimated.

THE END