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AND
BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCE
VOL.-VII
HANDBOOK OF MANAGEMENT
AND
BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCE
VOL.-VII
Edited by
Wisdom Publications
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MASSAGE FROM EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Welcome to all the Students, Research Scholars and Academicians who took part in SMBSs
4th International Conference of Management and Behavioral Sciences
Our dedicated team of professionals, staff and student are committed to enrich the quality
of your research articles to ensure the success of the conference. In collaboration with the
Faculty members from Indian and abroad, we have organized 4 innovative and responsive
conferences at SMBS to promote academic research and to support students/researchers
and faculty members in learning through knowledge sharing, transition, Innovation. This
is being reflected through the variety of research papers.
Last year over 600 research scholars and faculty members took advantage of 4 Academic
conferences held in Jodhpur, Haridwar and New Delhi.
I would like to congratulate and say thanks to Mr. D.R. Prajapati, Prof. Shyam Lata Juyal,
Dr. Rupali Kumar, Prof. Prashant P. Deshpanday, Mr. Vijay Singh Rawat, Mr. Atul Garg
and Ms. Sneha Dhanadiya for their efforts to make this event a success. My sincere
thanks go to all our review board members and editors.
Good luck to all with your research, studies, and teaching. I look forward to seeing you
with more research papers in coming conferences of SMBS.
Dr. S. Kumar
Executive Director
SMBS
PREFACE
The behavioral science approach to management has evolved since its appearanceshortly
after the Second World War, over the intervening sixty years, from the earlywork of B.F.
Skinner, Maslow and McGregor to a myriad of applications, consciousor otherwise, in a
great variety of employment environments. It remains relevantbecause it deals with human
emotions, achievements and satisfaction, and theseelements will always dictate the
productivity and outcome of an organization solong as that organization continues to
employ people. Douglas McGregor andAbraham Maslow dedicated their lives to the
understanding of human behavior andits application in organizational management. A
large number of other psychologists, engagement theorists and sociologists have taken
the behavioral approach.
The behavioural science approach is concerned with the social and psychological aspects
of human behaviour in organisation. Many of the conclusions of the How throne studies
were reaffirmed by the subsequent research studies, but certainideas were extended and
others highlighted by the behavourial scientists. The behavioural scientists have shown
how human beings bring to their task aspects of behaviour, which the effective manager
should profitably understand. After all, it is individuals and groups with which a manager
is concerned and while organisational roles are designed to accomplish group purposes,
people must fill these roles. Thus, the behavioural sciences have provided managers with
a more systematicunderstanding of one of the most critical factors in the process of
managementthe human element. Insights evolving from that understanding have been
used todesign work situations that encourage increased productivity. It has enabled
organisations to formulate programmes to more efficiently train workers andmanagers,
and it has effects in numerous other areas of practical significance.
This book includes current research work in the field of Management and
BehaviouralScience. In present scenario there is a need to look after the behavioral
scienceapproach to management. With this objective in mind 5th International Conferenceon
Management and Behavioural Science (ICMBS-5) was conducted in Haridwar, UK (India)
on 23rdand 24thJune 2012, which was organized by the Society ofManagement and
Behavioural Science(SMBS). The selected papers are publishedin this book. This book
makes an attempt to provide a thorough knowledge of currentresearch in the field of
management and Behavioural sciences.
CONTANTS