THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES. SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS JUNE 2014 MATH2501 Linear Algebra (2) TIME ALLOWED - THREE HOURS, (2) TOTAL NUMBER OF QUESTIONS - 5 (9) ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS (#) THE QUESTIONS ARE OF EQUAL VALUE (6) THIS PAPER MAY BE RETAINED BY THE CANDIDATE, (©) ONLY CALCULATORS BEARING A “UNSW APPROVED” STICKER MAY BE USED. (7) TO OBTAIN FULL MARKS, YOUR ANSWERS MUST NOT ONLY BE CORRECT, BUT ALSO ADEQUATELY EXPLAINED, CLEARLY WRIT- TEN AND LOGICALLY SET OUT. All answers mast be written in ink. Except where they are expressly required pencils ray only be used for drawing, sketching or graphical workJUNE 2014 MATH50L Page 2 rar An(25 01 aia 0) 1) id, giving easons, the nullity ard the rank of 4) Find a basis forthe kernel (nllspace) of A, I) fq is given vector in R* and y = Axz, write down the general solution of Ax = y. iv) Is there a vector b in RY such that Ax = b hs no solution? If 0, ‘ive an example of such a vector; if at, explain why not. 1a) Let ) Find the line y = a 4B which best fits in the least squares sense the points 42), (1), (0,3), and (5) o) Let x= (11-2), = (2,—41,8) and xy and write W = span{xi,222} §) ind an orthonormal basis for W. fi) Find « QR factorisstion of Si), Show that y = (—4,3,3,1) is in iv) Find an orthonormal bass for R* which includes the basis you found in (). Give reasons Please se overJUNE 2014 MATEO Page 3 8) In solving the following problems, gve dearly written and logically com- plete arguments; and make suze that the differences between the two problems are clear 8) Prove that S={xER!| 21 +22 =0 and xy bry = 0) Js a vector space 1) Prove thatthe function Ti RAR? whore T(x) = (ey +209, B15 + Ary) ppasebaie ‘b) Consider the matrices mn(5 Zeme( 8) we a i) Prove that { My, Mz, My} is a basis for V. Se Se il) Find the coordinate vector of the matsix A with respect to the of- dered basis {2M,3Ms, Mi} of V. ) Let GD, wa 28%), and let W be the plane spanned by vs and vz. Consider the function TR R? where Px) proiw x, that is, T(x) isthe projection of x onto the plane W; you may assume ‘that T's linear tansfortation, 4) Bvaluate 7(4,0,9), i) Byaluate vy =v, > va. 4) Without calculation, write dow the matrix of T with respect to the ordered basis (vs, vs). BY drawing a diagram, or otherwise, sive reasons for your answer. |v) Henoe or otherwise, find an expresion for the matrix of Twith re spect to the standard bass in R°. You may leave your answer at product of matrices without completing the ealeuatoa, Please see overJUNE 2014 MATH201 Page 4 eft 4! ‘ 2 {-1 -4 8) and ve(s eer 5 Its given that Q isan orthogonal matrix. i) Show that vis an eigenvector of Q, and find the corresponding eigen value Show that —1 is not an eigenvalue of Q. Explain without calculation how you know that Q is the mateix of rotation. jv) Write down the axis of the rotation refered to in (ii), Find the value of cosa, where a i the ange of ro:ation ¥) Explain without caleulation why Qis invertible and Q~ is the matrix ofa rotation. If this rotation has acs w and angle write down w a) Lat tui then explain how is lated the angle a fom (wv). by Let F(ey) = 20? 2009 + A 8) Wate F(z) a8 sum of scalar maltiples of squares of independent linear combinations of 9 entity the curve Flz,y) Identify the cure Fey) =0. a3 2 f 1 A=(s 1-3), v= (0) ona w=(2 8) Show that both v and w ae eigenvectors of A, and id the corre sponding eigenvalues 1) Find the (24,2) coordinates of the closest points to the origin on the surface Pb Goy + dee Oye=1 Please see overJUNE 2014 MATHS01 Page 5 4a ») ° a Let le a a=(2 a1 8 4-7, Calculate A%, and hence find a quadratic polynomial m(z) such that mi Let 41-3 B-(2 36 22-1 1 is given that B has cigenvalus 4 = 5 and A= —4, Giving detailed reasons, determine whether of not is diagonalisable Let © be a 10 x 10 matrix and let be a scalar. Suppose it i known that mality(C— Ar) + mulgy(C = AD? 8, multy(C — A) 8) Determine all possible Jordan forms of C. 1H) TEC were given and A were know, how would you determine with minimal calculation which of the possible Jordan form in () isin fact the corret one? * G39 =(] 1) Caleulate (D~ 2F)v, and (D — 21, 1) Without using any matric calculations, write down al the eigenvalues ‘of D and their algebraic and geometric multiplicities. Give reasons for your answers. ii) Solve the system of linear diferent equations Woy sty, at Gyn +7in— Sin te oy — em —2n- tn avy a sons y(0) = 1, yal0) = ~2 and ys(0) = Ht5n— subjoct to initial co Pease see verJUNE 2014 MATHR501 Page 6 5. 8) Let Vi, Vi and V4 be vector spaces over R; let T; be a function from V4 to Vgand Ty a function from V5 to Vj, Prove that if T; and Tz are linear ‘then the compasite function TMV where Tv) TAT) is also Linear, Give a fll explanation of your argument. >) Tes given thatthe system of equations with augmented matrix Las aa] ate aal bh aa 1 aldo ea a 1B ths infinitely many solutions if and only if ether gal and haben bon aa -ghy and thet tbe 0 ind all values of aby, by... boa for which the system has no solution, Explain your rexsoning ©) Let a and b be real constants, b 0, and let m be a postive integer. Define the linear transformation Fs Mag? Man where F(X)=aX +0X7, where XT denotes the transpose of X. Find all eigenvalues of F, de- scribe the corresponding eigenspaces, and determine the dimension of each eigenspace