1. The sleep cycle Blank 1 of four stages and lasts about 90 to 120 minutes.

Dreams can occur in any of

the four stages of sleep. In 5 percent cases, dreams occur in the last stage of sleep Blank 2 to as REM
sleep stage. Often the sleep cycle repeats after an hour and the process continues. That is how a
person has several different dreams in one night. Most people remember dreams that occur in the
morning when they are about to wake up. But, some persons cant remember their dreams. The stages
in the sleep cycle are Blank 3 by the changes in the specific brain activity. In stage one, man is in
NREM when muscle relaxation, lowered body temperature and slowed heart rate is observed. In the
dreaming process, adrenaline is secreted, blood pressure increases and heart beats become faster.
People with a weak heart may die in sleep. Researchers have shown that people who are deprived
from REM, exhibit symptoms of Blank 4 and anxiety. Deprivation of REM sleep causes over-senility,
lack of concentration and memory loss. So, dreaming helps tackle stress, the mind is recharged and the
body is revitalized. Dreaming transcends the mere unconscious aspects of social, emotional and
personal awareness.
Blank 1-comprises,formalizes, initiates, speaks
Blank 2-differed,addressed,referred,given
Blank 3-organised,recognised,stirred,linked
Blank 4-emotions,irritability,desirability,love
Comprises, referred, organized, irritability
2. By the standards of the 70s, when the Blank 1 climbing routes were littered with Blank 2 tents and food
packets, Everest is a lot cleaner, with just a smattering of plastic bottles and sweet wrappers on the
rocky plateau that is the base camp. But, a Nepali environmental coalition is Blank 3 the government in
Kathmandu to adopt a new management Blank 4 to safeguard the Himalayas in the Blank 5 of mass
tourism and to make amends for the Blank 6 sins of the past.
Blank 1-main,real,true,minor,firm
Blank 2-huge,discarded,exhausted,damaged,small
Blank 3-encouraging,discouraging,manipulating,pressing,stimulating
Blank 4-method,role,technology,plan,plot
Blank 5 scheme , plan , interest , age
Blank 6 nature , environment, ecological , many
Main, discarding, pressing,plan,age, environment
3. Legends have been told for many years about the Great Sphinx. These stories tell about the Blank
1 and mysteries of this sphinx. Some people even believe that there are hidden passageways or Blank
2 underneath the Great Sphinx, but nothing has been found yet.
The beginning of one Blank 3 about the Great Sphinx is written on a stele between the sphinxs
paws.The story reads that one day a young prince fell asleep next to the Great Sphinx. He had been
hunting all day, and was very Blank 4. He dreamt that the Great Sphinx promised that he would
become the ruler of Upper and Lower Egypt if he cleared away the sand covering its body (the Great
Sphinx was covered up to its neck). The rest of the story is gone, so you will have to use your Blank
5 to work out the ending. This stele was put up by the pharaoh Thutmosis IV who lived around 1400
B.C.
Blank 1-abilities,aptitudes,capabilities,gifts,powers
Blank 2-gallery,rooms,corridor,entrance,hall
Blank 3-novel,book,story,tale,record
Blank 4-angry,rude,jealous,sad,tired
Blank 5-intelligence,notion,imagination,creation,cognition
Power, rooms, story tired imagination
4. Before the start of World War I, the Gibson girl was the rage; she did not date, and waited until a proper
young man Blank 1 to her for marriage. However, nearly a whole generation of young men had died in
 the War leaving a whole Blank 2 of young women without desirable suitors. They decided not to waste
away their young lives waiting idly for spinsterhood but to enjoy life. The new women broke away from
the set conventions, turned fashionable, they Blank 3 the black wool stockings and became crazy
about new fashions, wore rayon stockings, feet, ankles, and calves formerly hidden were now on show.
Scott Fitzgerald referred to them as a whole race going hedonistic deciding on pleasure. The famous
film star Louise Brooks became the ideal for young girls, Brooks exuberant social life, her contacts with
the wealthy and her Blank 4 life style inspired young women to break away from the Victorian traditions
of repression and conventionality. The Victorian cult of true womanhood preached piety and purity as
the cardinal virtues for women. They were supposed to follow the dictates of men and domesticity was
the chief ideal to be Blank 5 to maintain chastity and purity.

1 PROPOSED, REJECTED, DENIED, AGREED

2.CREATION. LOT, SOCIETY, GENERATION
3.ADOPTED, DISCARDED, CREATED
4.GLAMOROUS LAVISH, CONSERVATIVE, SUPERFICIAL
5.SHUNNED, IGNORED, PURSUED, TRACED
Proposed, generation discarded lavish pursued
5. There was a Blank 1 when the summit of Mount Everest was about as isolated as you could get, but
now climbers who reach the roof of the world will be able to pause to check their Blank 2 or perhaps
surf the internet.
A Nepalese telecommunications company has Blank 3 a 3G mobile phone network around the
mountain and says its coverage will even reach the summit.
Ncell says the installation of base stations along the Blank 4 to the mountain has, for the first time,
brought a mobile data service to local people, tourists and climbers.
When Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing reached Everests summit in 1953, expedition leaders had
to send runners to carry Blank 5 to the nearest telegraph office.
Satellite, then mobile voice phones have since helped Blank 6 travel faster, but now a station near
Everest base camp in the Khumbu valley has heralded a communications revolution in the Himalayan
country, Ncells parent company, the Swedish-based TeliaSonera, says.
1.TIME, YEAR, OCCASION, OPPORTUNITY
2.EMAILS, CARDS, LETTERS, PHONES
3.INSTALLED, CREATED, BUILD, CONSTITUTED
4.WAY, ROUTE, TRACK, ROAD
5.LETTERS, SCRIPT, TELEGRAM, MESSAGES,
6.NEWS, REPORT, MESSAGE, BULLETIN
Time,emails, installed, route, messages, news
6. The Chinese worked on the Great Wall for over 1700 years. In turn, all emperors who came to power
added pieces of the wall to protect their Blank 1 But the wall was not a solid wall. It was a line of Blank
2 barricades. First Emperor Oin wanted a much better barricade to protect his people from the Mongol
invaders to the north. He wanted a Blank 3 wall 30 feet wide and 50 feet high. First Emperor Qin used
peasants, captured enemies, criminals, scholars, and anyone else who irritated him, and put them all to
work, building the Great Wall. Labourers were not paid for their work. It was Blank 4 labour. About 3000
people worked on the wall during the Qin Dynasty. Rocks fell on people ,Walls caved in. Workers died
of exhaustion and Blank 5. Labourers were fed only enough food to keep them alive. There is an old
Chinese saying, Each stone in the wall represents a life lost in the walls construction.
1.FAMILIES, SOCIETIES, DYNASTIES, COUNTRY
2.DIVIDED, DISCONNECTED, JOINED,
3.MADE , STRONG, IDEAL, SOUND
4.SLAVE, CAPTIVE, VICTIM, SERVANT
5.FEVER, VIRUS, EPIDEMIC, DISEASE.
Dynasties, disconnected, strong, slave, fever
7. .Although some prevention efforts have succeeded, many analysts believe that the Blank 1 solution to
the global AIDS crisis is the development of a vaccine that will prevent people from Blank 2 AIDS in the
first place. Many researchers believe that the development of a Blank 3 vaccine is possible and
absolutely necessary in order to eradicate AIDS. However, many pharmaceutical companies do not
 want to invest in AIDS vaccine research because of the large expense involved and the belief that
profits could not be made on the vaccines. Funding for research to develop an AIDS vaccine comes
from several sources, mainly the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI), UNAIDS, the U.S. National
Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. government agencies, and a few multinational pharmaceutical
companies.
In the Blank 4, AIDS continues to spread in the developing world. Although successes have occurred,
many experts contend that much more needs to be done. They argue that the Blank 5 to AIDS needs
to be of greater duration, greater quality, and greater scope to reach the many areas of life which AIDS
touches and affects.
1-first ,next, intermediate, important,ultimate
2-passing,repelling,contracting,suffering,useful
3-remedial,curative,antidote,preventive,corrective
4-interim,ultimate,period,instance,meanwhile
5- answer,response,cure,prevention,reply
Ultimate, contracting, preventive, meanwhile, response
8. The savage, in spite of his membership of a small Blank 1, lived a life in which his initiative was not too
much hampered by the community. The things that he wanted to do, usually hunting and war, were also
the things that his neighbours wanted to do, and if he felt an inclination to become a medicine man he
only had to ingratiate himself with some individual already Blank 2 in that profession, and so, in due
course, to succeed to his powers of magic. If he was a man of exceptional talent, he might invent some
improvement in weapons or a new Blank 3 in hunting. These would not put him into any opposition to
the community, but on the contrary, would be welcomed. The modern man lives a very different life. If
he sings in the street he will be thought to be Blank 4 and if he dances ,a policeman will reprove him for
impeding the traffic.
1-Families, Kingdom, Community, Country
2-ignorant,duped,joined,eminent
3-Skill,Technology,Management, Device
4-Sinning, drunk, Childlike, Singer
Community, eminent, skill, drunk
9. Circumstantial evidence suggests that if the basic building Blank 1 of life are seen scattered in space,
why not life itself? In the sixties, there started inter-disciplinary discussions about Blank 2 life. The
astronomers can tell what are the likely sites for life and how many of them are there in our Milky Way
Galaxy of stars. Biologists have to decide what is it that Blank 3 the life-mechanism and where among
the various astronomical sites it is likely to occur. Then, the evolutionists have to say how a simple living
system can develop over what time Blank 4 into a complex intelligent species. Experts in artificial
intelligence, communications and information transfer are needed to resolve the problem of contacting
such species if they Blank 5. And the social scientists need to assess the lifetime of an advanced
civilization.

Blank 1-cells,spans,blocks,designs
Blank 2-alien,extra-terrestrial,native,celestial
Blank 3-imperils,invokes,stirs,triggers
Blank 4-span,gap,test,sequence
Blank 5-hold,exist,desire,die
Block, extra-terrestrial, triggers, span, exist
10. A zeroended rationalism about computers is that they only do what they are programmed to. The
reasoning goes something like this: If one incorporates into a computer the capability to Blank 1 the
meaning and function of the symbols representing two, multiply and equals to then it would have no
 problem solving the equation : 2 x 2 =?. But how different is this really from what a child learns in grade
school? Its exactly the same. There can definitely be no Blank 2 in certain children to be better in
maths than others since arithmetic even at a lowly human level is, after all, only an acquired trait and
acquired traits are not inherited. However, what has been missing so far in the environment of a
computer is the role of a family and the nurture it provides for a Blank 3 predisposition. This is because
genetically, some children could have stronger musculature to become better cricketers or actors but
only when given the Blank 4 ambient training. The answer therefore lies not in suddenly blitzing a super
computers hardware memory and logic bank its equivalent of musculature with the rules and Blank
5 of some table game, but to bring it home as a baby.
Blank 1-arrange,recognise,explain,discuss
Blank 2-force,propensity,compulsion,necessity
Blank 3-certain,desirable,potential,necessary
Blank 4-necessary,desirable,certain,potential
Blank 5-practices,principles,rhymes,strategies
Recognize, propensity,potential,necessary,strategies
11. Cars became practical vehicles and millions of Americans started buying cars for luxury and Blank 1.
Manufacturers competed to outreach each other in advancements in all aspects of automobile
construction, and cars became more Blank 2, comfortable and easier to drive. Four wheel brakes and
car radios were new changes introduced in the automobile industry. Henry Ford was able to reduce the
cost of cars to a level that most people could afford to buy. Car factories employed thousands of
workers and new industries sprang up to service the automobile. Henry Ford became one of the richest
men of America and the steel industry also boomed. The process of standardized mass production led
to economic Blank 3. The worker productivity rapidly increased. New industries such as petroleum and
steel helped to create a host of new industries such as plastic and rayon production. In 1915, the total
annual expenditure was $600 million, which grew to $2.5 billion in 1918. With increased worker
productivity, workers earned higher wages and became better consumers and investors in the US stock
market. A new cycle of Blank 4 started, which encouraged Americans to build up debt in order to buy
consumer goods.
1.convenience, accessory, support, waste
2.deceptive, responsible, reliable, pliable
3.amplification,Stagnation, spread,expansion
4.merchandise, buyers, marketing, consumerism
Convenience, reliable, expansions, consumerism

12. For many years before the Golden Gate Bridge was built, the only way to get across San Francisco
Bay was by ferry, and by the early twentieth century, the Bay was Blank 1 with them. In the 1920s,
engineer and bridge-builder Joseph Strauss became Blank 2 that a bridge should be constructed
across the Golden Gate.
Many groups opposed him, each for their own Blank 3 reasons: the military, loggers, the railroads.
The engineering challenge was also Blank 4 the Golden Gate Bridge area often has winds of up to 60
miles per hour, and strong ocean currents sweep through a rugged canyon below the surface. If all that
werent enough, it was the middle of the Great Depression, funds were Blank 5 and the San Francisco
Bay Bridge was already under construction. In spite of everything, Strauss persisted, and Golden Gate
Bridge history began when San Francisco voters overwhelmingly approved $35 million in bonds
to Blank 6 the Golden Gate Bridge.
1. clogged,cleared,filled,choked
2.satisfied, compelled, proved, convinced
3. selfish, Greedy, stingy, kind
4. vast ,gross,enormous ,big
5. enough, rare, scanty, scarce
6. elevate,create,organize,construct
 Clogged, convinced, selfish,enormous, scarce, construct

13. When Blank 1 began on the Eiffel Tower, 125 years ago, many Parisians were far from enamoured,
describing it as a Blank 2monstrosity that robbed the French capital of its beauty. But as the Paris
marks the 125th anniversary of its construction launched on January 26, 1887 such reservations
have long been forgotten. Built between 1887 and 1889 as the entrance arch for the Exposition
Universelle a world fair marking the centennial Blank 3 of the French Revolution the tower was
originally meant to stand for 20 years, after which time it was to be dismantled. However, the wrought
iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars survived thanks to its communications Blank 4 and
went on to become one of the worlds most popular monuments, Blank 5 millions of visitors each year.
Nicknamed la dame de fer (the iron lady), the Eiffel Tower has inspired singers, poets, painters, and
filmmakers, while miniature Eiffel Tower souvenirs sit in millions of Blank 6 around the globe.
1.trouble,work,assignment ,project ,task
2.useless, worthy, valuable, priceless, useful
3.jubilation , Ceremony, journal, celebration, competition
4.worth ,value,damage,loss,cost
5.inspiring,Alluring ,attracting ,distracting ,flailing
6.families, Locations, households, places, cities
Work, useless, celebration, value, attracting households.
14. In this world of human affairs there is no worse nuisance than a boy at the stage of adolescence. He is
neither ornamental nor useful. It is impossible to shower Blank 1 on him as on a little boy, and he is
always getting in the way. If he talks with a childish lisp he is called a baby, and if he answers in
a Blank 2 way he is called impertinent. In fact, any talk at all from him is resented. Then he is at the
unattractive, growing age. He grows out of his clothes with indecent Blank 3, his voice grows hoarse
and breaks, and quavers, his face grows suddenly angular and unsightly. It is easy to excuse the
shortcomings of early childhood, but it is hard to tolerate even unavoidable lapses in a boy of fourteen.
The lad himself becomes painfully Blank 4. When he talks with elderly people he is either unduly
forward, or else so unduly shy that he appears ashamed of his very existence.
Yet it is at this very age when in his heart of hearts, a young lad craves most for recognition and love;
and he becomes the devoted slave of anyone who shows him consideration. But none dare openly love
him, for that would be regarded as undue indulgence and is therefore bad for the boy, so what
with Blank 5 and chiding, he becomes very much like a stray dog that has lost his master.
1 .consideration ,devotion ,affection ,recognition ,tasks
2 .childlike, grown-up, crisp, studious, brilliant
3 .taste, waste, waist, haste, gait
4 .self-conscious , vigilant ,rebellious ,lost ,slow
5 .praising ,Devotion ,beatings ,distractions, scolding
Affection, grown-up, haste, self-conscious,scolding
15. Music means a pleasing modulation of sounds. The poets and novelists have used the term for
figurative sense as the music of forest, the music of the brook. Music has to do with Blank 1, sounds
selected on account of their musical quality and relations. These tones again, before becoming music in
the artistic sense, must be so joined together, set in order, controlled by the human Blank 2, that they
express sentiment. Every manifestation of musical art has two elements: first a befitting selection of
tones and, second, the use of them for expressing Blank 3 and feelings. Hence, the practical art of
music like every other fine art has its two elements an outer or technical, where trained intelligence
rules, and teaching and study are the Blank 4 means of progress; and an inner, the imagination and
musical feeling, which can indeed be strengthened by Blank 5 experience in hearing, but which when
wanting cannot be supplied by the teacher or the laws of their action reduced to satisfactory statement.

1. sounds,voices,tones,rhymes
2. imagination,invigoration,intuitation,inspiration
3. ideas,sentiments,thoughts,experiences
 4. measureable,impressive,principal,subsidiary
5. judicious,thoughtful,astute,canny

tones, imagination, sentiments,principal, judicious

16. Little more than a hundred years ago, Seattle in America was called the emerald city. It was a quite
lumbering town. The gold rush Blank 1 the city into an industrial and commercial city of the Pacific
Northwest. Situated between Elliott Bay and Lake Washington, it is bounded by the Olympic Mountains
and the Cascade Range. The city withstood the Indian attack of 1856, anti-Chinese riots of 1880 and
a Blank 2 fire of 1889 and soon emerged as the gateway to the Orient and Alaska. In the 1890s, it was
the chief supply depot for the Yukon and Alaskan gold rushes. World War II brought a tremendous
prosperity to the city, with shipyards and the aircraft industry playing important roles in its Blank 3 and
advancement. In 1891, a four page paper was published by Alden J. Blethen with a daily circulation of
3500 which rose to 70000 in 1915. Mr.Blethen was a very hardworking American who dreamt that The
Seattle Times would serve the city for centuries. The Seattle Times, has won Seven Pulitzer Prizes; it
is Blank 4 internationally for its quality reporting, freedom of the press, excellent printing, photography
and design. The Company owns seven affiliate newspapers in Washington and Maine, a network of
online news, information, and research and advertising web sites. It has the largest Sunday circulation
network. Today, under the Blank 5 of the fourth generation of Blenthens, more than 1.5 million people
read The Seattle Times.
1 reserved ,stagnated ,transformed , created

2 disastrous ,unfortunate, miraculous ,hopeless

3 -creative, modernity ,modesty, existence
4 assumed , recognised ,considered,appreciated
5- guidance ,Light, pressure, assumption
Transformed, disastrous, modernity, recognized, guidance